Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim最新文献

{"title":"Aplikasi Biochar Kulit Buah Kakao pada Tanah Lempung Liat Berpasir: Sifat Fisik Tanah dan Hasil Jagung","authors":"N. L. Nurida, Muchtar Muchtar","doi":"10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.117-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.117-127","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Biochar mempunyai struktur yang sangat porous, ketika diberikan ke dalam tanah mampu mempengaruhi sifat fisik tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji aplikasi biochar kulit buah kakao, kapur dan abu biochar (hasil pembakaran lebih lanjut dari biochar) terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik tanah dan hasil jagung di lahan kering dengan tekstur lempung liat berpasir. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama tiga musim tanam dari bulan Pebruari 2016 hingga Pebruari 2017 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) empat ulangan, dengan perlakuan: 1) kontrol; 2) biochar 15 t ha -1 ; 3) kapur 6 t ha -1 ; 4) abu setara biochar 15 t ha -1 ; 5) biochar 7,5 t ha -1 + kapur 3 t ha -1 , dan 6) biochar 15 t ha -1 dicuci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tiga musim tanam, Bulk Density (BD) tanah yang diberi biochar 15 t ha -1 baik dicuci maupun tidak, nyata lebih rendah (1,05-1,11 g cm -3 ) dibandingkan kontrol (1,10-1,21 g cm -3 ), sebaliknya BD tanah yang diberi abu konsisten meningkat hingga musim tanam ketiga. Pori air tersedia meningkat secara signifikan dengan pemberian biochar. Peningkatan kemampuan memegang air meningkat pada musim ketiga pada tanah yang diberi amelioran biochar. Selama tiga musim tanam, tanah yang diberi abu setara biochar 15 t ha -1 secara konsisten mempunyai ruang pori total yang rendah dan BD yang paling tinggi. Aplikasi biochar 15 t ha -1 dan abu setara biochar 15 t ha -1 mampu meningkatkan hasil pipilan jagung menjadi 7,24-11,43 t ha -1 dibandingkan kontrol (6,11-7,25 t ha -1 ) dan efek residunya mampu bertahan hingga tiga musim tanam. Abstract. Biochar has a very porous structure and it affects various soil physical properties. The objective of study was to evaluate the application of biochar, lime and ash to improve soil physical properties and maize yield in upland with sandy clay loam texture. The study was conducted at the research station of Indonesian Soil Research Institute, East Lampung for three seasons from February 2016 to February 2017. We used a randomized block design with four replication. Treatments are: 1) control, 2) biochar 15 t ha -1 , 3) lime 6 t ha -1 , 4) ash 15 t ha -1 , 5) biochar 7.5 t ha -1 + lime 3 t ha -1 , and 6) washed biochar 15 t ha -1 . The results showed that during three seasons, application of biochar 15 t ha -1 (with and without washed) significantly reduced BD (1.08-1.09 g cm -3 ) but the ash application consistently increased BD. During the three seasons, the water holding capacity increased by applying biochar in various forms (biochar, ash or washed biochar) but the same did not show in lime application. The ash addition 15 t ha -1 consistently had low total soil porosity and high BD. Both application of biochar of 15 t ha -1 and ash of 15 t ha -1 increased maize yield (7,24-11,43 t ha -1 ) compared to control (6,11-7,25 t ha -1 ) and the residual effects lasted for three cropping seasons.","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126196677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respons Aplikasi Partikel Nano Abu Vulkanik dan Batuan Fosfat terhadap Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Inceptisols Cilembu, Jawa Barat","authors":"Pradhinto Dwi Nugroho, M. Arifin, Rina Devnita","doi":"10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.109-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.109-116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Kandungan dan ketersediaan unsur P,  yang merupakan unsur esensial,  rendah pada Inceptisols Cilembu. Unsur P dalam bentuk partikel nano diharapkan dapat mudah diserap oleh tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh amelioran partikel nano (abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat) terhadap P-tersedia dan kemasaman tanah (pH-H2O), serta kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) tanah Inceptisols Cilembu, Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Juni 2019 di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Penelitian dilakukan dengan inkubasi partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat dengan dosis masing-masing 0% (0 g), 2% (20 g per kg tanah), 4% (40 g per kg tanah) dan 6% (60 g per kg tanah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terjadi interaksi antara partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat terhadap P-tersedia dan kemasaman tanah (pH-H2O) dan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK). Partikel nano abu vulkanik dan batuan fosfat terlihat nyata berpengaruh terhadap P tersedia setelah inkubasi bulan pertama dan bulan kedua. Penggunaan partikel nano abu vulkanik berpengaruh nyata terhadap meningkatnya pH setelah inkubasi bulan pertama. Interaksi partikel nano abu vulkanik dan partikel nano batuan fosfat tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai KTK.Abstract. The content and availability of P, which is an essential element in Cilembu Inceptisols. is low. P element in the form of nano particles is expected to increase P availability. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Ameliorant nanoparticles (volcanic ash and phosphate rock) on P availability and soil acidity (pH-H2O) as well as cation exchange capacity (CEC) in Inceptisols Cilembu, Sumedang, West Java. This research conducted in January to June 2019 in the Soil Physics Laboratory of the Department of Land Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. The research used Factorial Completely Randomized Design. The study carried out by incubation of volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rocks with doses of 0% (0 g), 2% (20 g per kilograms of soil), 4% (40 g per kilograms of soil) and 6% (60 g per kilograms of soil). The results showed no interaction between volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rocks on available P, soil acidity (pH-H2O) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The effect of nano particles of volcanic ash and phosphate rock was significantly affected by available P after incubation of the first and second months. The use of nano volcanic ash particles has a significant effect on increasing pH after the incubation of the first month. Interaction effect of volcanic ash nano particles and phosphate rock nano particles was not significant on CEC value.","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131016100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bakteri Pengendali Cekaman Salinitas yang Menjanjikan untuk Peningkatan Produksi Padi Sawah Kawasan Pesisir","authors":"Edi Husen, S. Salma, Husnain Husnain","doi":"10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/JTI.V44N2.2020.85-92","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak . Penurunan produksi padi karena salinitas tanah telah banyak dilaporkan. Beberapa teknologi alternatif yang menjanjikan untuk mengatasi masalah ini sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kemampuan bakteri pengurang cekaman kadar garam untuk meningkatkan hasil padi di kawasan pesisir yang terkena salinitas. Penelitian ini terdiri atas analisis laboratorium dan percobaan lapangan pada lahan petani yang terpapar salinitas di Indramayu, Jawa Barat yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018. Sebanyak delapan strain bakteri Pseudomonas dan Bacillus dari penelitian sebelumnya dipilih berdasarkan kemampuannya menghasilkan enzim ACC ( 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate ) deaminase dan berbagai sifat fungsional bermanfaat lainnya. Bakteri ini selanjutnya diuji untuk pengurangan emisi etilen dan produksi senyawa eksopolisakarida (EPS) dan diformulasikan menjadi empat kelompok konsorsium bakteri pengurang cekaman salinitas (PC1, PC2, PC3 dan PC4) berdasarkan kombinasi sifat fungsionalnya. Setiap konsorsium mengandung tiga jenis bakteri yang diformulasikan ke dalam bahan pembawa gambut untuk percobaan lapangan. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan inokuasi bakteri konsorsia (lima taraf) dan pupuk organik (dua taraf), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil analisis laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa selain mampu memproduksi enzim ACC deaminase, menambat N 2 , dan melarutkan fosfat, sebagian besar strain bakteri juga mampu menghasilkan EPS dan mengurangi emisi etilen. Eksperimen lapangan menunjukkan bahwa bakteri pengurang cekaman salinitas PC2 mampu meningkatkan hasil padi dengan atau tanpa pemberian bahan organik dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai pupuk hayati tanah salin yang menjanjikan. Abstract . Decreased rice production due to soil salinity has been widely reported. Alternative promising technologies to overcome this problem is urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of salt-stress reducing bacteria to increase rice yield in salt affected areas of low-lying coastal plain. The study consisted of laboratory analyses and field experiment on farmers' land affected by salinity in Indramayu, West Java, conducted in 2018. A total of eight strains of Pseudomonas and Bacillus from previous studies were selected based on their ability to produce ACC ( 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate ) deaminase and other benefit functional traits. These bacteria were further tested for ethylene emission reduction and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and formulated into four groups of consortia of salt-stress reducing bacteria (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) based on functional trait combination. Each concortium contains three strains bacteria formulated into peat-based carriers for field experment. Randomized block design with two treatment factors were applied, namely group of concortia bacteria (five levels) and organic fertilizer (two levels), with three replications. ","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124663728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrasi Prediksi Musim dengan Model Simulasi Tanaman untuk Penentuan Waktu Tanam Padi","authors":"E. Surmaini, Trimo Hadi, K. Subagyono, M. R. Syahputra","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V42I2.9152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V42I2.9152","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Penyesuaian waktu tanam merupakan upaya dengan biaya yang paling efisien untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, menstabilkan, bahkan meningkatkan ketahanan pangan. Integrasi prediksi curah hujan musim dengan model simulasi tanaman dapat digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi waktu tanam padi dengan hasil yang optimal. Dua tahap analog digunakan untuk memprediksi curah hujan harian untuk satu musim tanam. Analog tahap pertama untuk memprediksi curah hujan harian untuk 120 hari. Tahap kedua mencari satu analog terbaik prediksi sekuens curah hujan 120 hari. Basis data hasil tanaman padi periode 1982-2009 dengan interval harian dibangun menggunakan model simulasi tanaman. Rekomendasi waktu tanam ditentukan berdasarkan perubahan hasil dibandingkan dengan waktu tanam awal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi curah hujan musim dengan lead time 6-9 bulan menggunakan metode downscaling dengan dua tahap analog dapat memperpanjang lag prediksi 2 bulan sebelum tanam sehingga dapat digunakan untuk peringatan dini. Integrasi prediksi curah hujan musim dengan model simulasi tanaman dapat memberikan informasi selang waktu tanam yang berpotensi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih tinggi. Prediksi waktu tanam dalam bentuk selang waktu diperlukan petani , karena berbagai faktor non teknis yang menyebabkan penanaman tidak dapat dilakukan pada rekomendasi waktu tertentu. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan oleh pengambil kebijakan dan penyuluh untuk rekomendasi kepada petani tentang waktu tanam dengan hasil padi yang lebih tinggi.Abstract. Adapting planting time is a very cost-efficient way to increase crop productivity and stabilise or even increase food security. Linking seasonal rainfall prediction with crop simulation model is used to evaluate planting date with optimal rice yield. We used a two step analogue method. The first step is to predict 30 daily rainfall analogues for the next 120 days. The second step is to look for best analogue of 120 day rainfall prediction. Daily planting dates were simulated within 1982-2009 using crop simulation model. The second step is to determine the best analoque for the 120 day sequence. Planting time recommendation is adjusted using the difference between the earliest and later planting dates.The result concluded that 6-9 lead time seasonal rainfall prediction using two step analogue could increase lead time 2 months prior to planting time, therefore can be use for early warning. Linking season rainfall prediction with crop simulation model to adjust interval of planting time that provide higher rice yield. Farmers need that interval, due to non-technical factors are caused crop could not planted timely as recommended. In addition, the recommendation of planting time should be used by decision makers and extension workers to recommend appropriate planting time with higher yield to the farmers.","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117345108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh ENSO dan IOD pada Variabilitas Curah Hujan diDAS Cerucuk, pulau Belitung","authors":"Ida Narulita","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V41I1.3145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V41I1.3145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Sumberdaya air DAS Cerucuk sangat tergantung pada curah hujan karena geologinya didominasi oleh batuan granit yang kedap air sehingga daya simpan airnya rendah. Saat ini di DAS Cerucuk sedang terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan air karena adanya pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk dan aktivitas ekonomi. Secara umum variabilitas curah hujan di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh sistem Monsun-Asia dan Monsun-Australia, tetapi curah hujan musiman dan antar musiman dipengaruhi oleh ENSO dan IOD . Makalah ini bertujuan menentukan korelasi antara ENSO dan IOD dengan curah hujan di DAS Cerucuk. Data yang digunakan adalah data curah hujan bulanan Stasiun Buluh-Tumbang (1980–2014) dan Pilang (1996–2013), index bulanan dan tahunan Nino 3.4 dan Dipole-Mode tahun 1980-2014. Menggunakan analisis statistik fungsi waktu dan regresi linier. Hasil analisis menunjukkan curah hujan bulanan dan musiman DAS Cerucuk berkorelasi negatif kuat sampai sangat kuat dengan fenomena ENSO pada bulan Juli - Oktober (musim monsun-kering sampai transisi monsun-basah). Curah hujan tahunannya berkorelasi negatif kuat dan sensitif pada signal ENSO periode 2, 4, 5,7 dan 8 tahun. Curah hujan bulanan dan musiman DAS Cerucuk berkorelasi negatif kuat sampai sangat kuat dengan IOD di bulan Agustus - November (akhir musim monsun-kering sampai transisi ke monsun-basah). Curah hujan tahunannya berkorelasi negatif kuat dan sensitif pada signal IOD periode 2, 4, dan 7 tahun. Korelasi yang kuat antara variabilitas hujan musiman dengan ENSO dan IOD terjadi seiring dengan menguatnya korelasi curah hujan dengan Suhu Permukaan Laut Indonesia. ENSO dan IOD perlu diperhitungkan dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya air DAS Cerucuk karena fenomena tersebut sangat mempengaruhi variabilitas curah hujan yang berdampak pada ketersediaan air. Perlu meningkatkan pengelolaan sumberdaya air sebagai upaya adaptasi dan mitigasi terhadap kejadian iklim ekstrim yang berkaitan dengan fenomena iklim global. Abstract. Water resources of Cerucuk watershed is highly dependent on rainfall because the geology of Cerucuk watershed is dominated by impervious granitic rock that has a low water storage capacity. Currently water demand in cerucuk watershed increase due to population growth and economic activities. Generally rainfall variability in Indonesia is influenced by Asian and Australia monsoon system, but the seasonal and interseasonal rainfall variability is influenced by ENSO and IOD. This paper aimed to determine the correlation between ENSO and IOD with the rainfall variability of Cerucuk watershed, Belitung island. Data used are monthly rainfall recorded at Buluh Tumbang (1980-2014) and Pilang (1996-2013) stations, monthly and yearly index of Nino 3.4 and Dipole-Mode (1980 - 2014). The statistical and time series analyses were used in this paper. The analysis showed that the monthly and seasonal rainfall of Cerucuk watershed negatively strongly to very strongly correlated with ENSO in Juli - Oktober (dry-monsoon season until transit","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"112 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120852204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pemanfaatan Biochar Asal Cangkang Kelapa Sawit untuk Meningkatkan Serapan Hara dan Sekuestrasi Karbon pada Media Tanah Lithic Hapludults di Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit","authors":"L. P. Santi","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V41I1.5981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V41I1.5981","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak : Pemanfaatan biochar asal cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai pembenah tanah memiliki potensi yang baik dalam upaya pengembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan sub optimal secara berkelanjutan. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mempelajari pengaruh tiga tingkat dosis biochar (50; 100; dan 150 gram) yang dikombinasikan dengan 75% dosis pupuk NPK-Mg per bibit terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit, serapan hara, dan sekuestrasi karbon pada tahap pembibitan utama. Kegiatan lapang dilaksanakan di PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk, Kalimantan Tengah pada bulan Maret 2015 - April 2016. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan dua puluh ulangan yaitu: (i) 100% dosis standar NPK-Mg per bibit (kontrol); (ii) 75% dosis standar NPK-Mg per bibit; (iii) 75% dosis standar NPK-Mg + 50 g biochar per bibit; (iv) 75% dosis standar NPK-Mg + 100 g biochar per bibit; dan (v) 75% dosis standar NPK-Mg + 150 g biochar per bibit. Pertumbuhan terbaik bibit kelapa sawit yang ditanam dalam media jenis tanah Lithic Hapludults diperoleh dari perlakuan 75% dosis pupuk NPK-Mg yang dikombinasikan dengan 150 gram biochar per bibit. Perlakuan ini berturut-turut meningkatkan tinggi (33,3%); jumlah daun (36,2%); diameter batang (28,9%); panjang dan lebar daun (22,6 dan 33,3%), bobot kering bibit kelapa sawit, khususnya bagian akar (65,2%), kapasitas tukar kation (17,2%), dan C-organik (26,9%). Hasil analisis terhadap perlakuan ini juga menunjukkan serapan hara N daun bibit kelapa sawit yang paling tinggi serta kadar hara P dan K yang tidak berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan 100% dosis pupuk NPK-Mg. Atas dasar hasil tersebut maka 75% dosis pupuk NPK-Mg yang dikombinasikan dengan 150 gram biochar per bibit dapat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan pada bibit kelapa sawit. Abstract. The potential of biochar derived from oil palm kernel shell to be used as a soil amendment seems promising for sustaining oil palm plantation in marginal land. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of three biochar dosages (50; 100; and 150 gram) in combination with 75% NPK-Mg dosages per seedling on the growth of oil palm seedling, nutrient uptake and carbon sequestration in the nursery stage. A field experiment was conducted at PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk, Central Kalimantan in March 2015- April 2016. Experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with five treatments and twenty replications i.e: (i) 100% standard dosage NPK-Mg per seed (control); (ii) 75% standard dosage NPK-Mg per seed; (iii) 75% standard dosage NPK-Mg + 50 g biochar per seed; (iv) 75% standard dosage NPK-Mg + 100 g biochar per seed; and (v) 75% standard dosage NPK-Mg + 150 g biochar per seed. The best vegetative growth performance of oil palm seedlings in Lithic Hapludults soil was shown by the application of 75% standard dosage of NPK-Mg fertilizers in combination with 150 gram biochar per seed. This treatment increased height (33.9%); leaf number ","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123653428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimasi CNN dengan GA Pada Prediksi Awal Musim Hujan Berdasarkan Data GCM: Kabupaten Pacitan1) (CNN Optimization Using GA for Rainy Season Onset Prediction Based on GCM Output:Pacitan District)","authors":"Fildza Novadiwanti, Agus Buono, Akhmad Faqih","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V41I1.5684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V41I1.5684","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak:  Di Indonesia, pertanian menjadi sektor penting dalam pembangunan nasional dan pembangunan ekonomi. Awal musim hujan merupakan salah satu variabel iklim yang dapat memengaruhi produksi pertanian. Perubahan awal musim hujan dapat berdampak pada terjadinya gagal panen. Penelitian ini mengembangkan model untuk memprediksi awal musim hujan menggunakan cascade neural network yang dioptimasi menggunakan genetic algorithm berdasarkan data global circulation model pada Kabupaten Pacitan. Data observasi menggunakan data awal musim hujan dari 3 stasiun cuaca, yaitu Arjosari, Kebon Agung, dan Pringkuku. Data prediktor menggunakan data global circulation model antara tahun 1983 – 2011 dari 3 model, yaitu CMC1-CanCM3, CMC1-CanCM4, dan NCEP-CSFv2. Optimasi cascade neural network dengan genetic algorithm dilakukan dengan mengoptimasi jumlah hidden neuron dan menghasilkan peningkatan nilai koefisien korelasi ( r ). Penelitian ini menghasilkan model terbaik dari setiap stasiun cuaca dengan parameter yang berbeda. Nilai r stasiun Arjosari adalah 0.89. Nilai r stasiun Kebon Agung adalah 0.86. Nilai r stasiun Pringkuku adalah 0.87. Abstract. In Indonesia, agriculture becomes an important sector for national development and national economy. The onset of the rainy season is one of the rainfall variables that affect agricultural production. The changing of the onset of rainy season can impact on crop failure. This research aims to develop a model for predicting the onset of rainy season using optimized cascade neural network with genetic algorithm based on global circulation model in Pacitan district. Observational data used is the onset of rainy season of 3 weather stations in Pacitan: Arjosari, Kebon Agung, and Pringkuku. Predictor data used is global circulation model output data between 1983 – 2011 from 3 models: CMC1-CanCM3, CMC1-CanCM4, and NCEP-CSFv2. Optimization of cascade neural network with genetic algorithm has been done by optimizing the amount of hidden neuron and obtained an increase value of correlation coefficient (r). This research obtained the best model from each weather stations with different parameters. R value of Arjosari weather station is 0.89. R value of Kebon Agung weather station is 0.86. R value of Pringkuku weather station is 0.87.","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134206916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perbaikan Stabilitas Agregat Tanah Pasir Berlempung Menggunakan Bakteri Pemantap Agregat dan Bahan Organik","authors":"Diana Utama, N. Gofar, A. Napoleon","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V42I2.9484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V42I2.9484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis stabilitas agregat tanah dengan perlakuan berbagai isolat bakteri pemantap agregat (BPA) dan bahan organik berupa kompos yang terbuat dari campuran 90% rumput Cyperus pilosus Vahl dan 10% kotoran sapi, dengan masa inkubasi yang berbeda. Taraf perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol, kombinasi isolat I, II, dan III masing – masing dikombinasikan dengan komposisi bahan organik 0%, 0.5%, dan 1%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan aplikasi isolat BPA pada tanah pasir berlempung disertai pemberian bahan organik menyebabkan populasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa aplikasi keduanya. Klebsiella sp. LW-13 yang dikombinasi dengan 1% bahan organik dan Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 yang dikombinasi dengan berbagai taraf bahan organik (0 hingga 1%) menyebabkan agregat menjadi sangat mantap sekali pada pengamatan 60 hari setelah aplikasi. Eksopolisakarida yang dihasilkan bakteri akan mengikat partikel tanah dan membentuk agregasi. Penggunaan bakteri Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 dinilai lebih efisien dalam pemanfaatannya untuk memantapkan agregat tanah karena memiliki kemampuan terbaik untuk memantapkan agregat tanah hingga sangat mantap sekali dengan atau tanpa penambahan bahan organik pada periode 60 hari pengamatan.Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the aggregate stability of soil with sdifferent treatments of aggregate-stabilizing bacteria and organic matter (compost made of mixture of 90% Cyperus pilosus Vahl grass biomass and 10% cattle manure) at different incubation period. Treatments consisted of control, combination of three different isolate with three different composition of organic matter (0%, 0.5%, and 1%). The results showed that the application of aggregate-stabilyzing bacteria to loamy sand soil and organic matter causes a higher bacteria population than without both applications. Klebsiella sp. LW-13 combined with 1% organic matter and Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 which was combined with various levels of organic matter (0 to 1%) showed high aggregation at observation of 60 days after application. The exopolysaccharide produced by bacteria binds soil particles and forms soil aggregation. The use of Bukholderia anthina MYSP113 bacteria is considered to be efficient in its utilization to stabilize soil aggregates because it has the best ability to stabilize soil aggregates to be highly stable with or without the addition of organic matter in the 60-day observation period. ","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"303 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123084404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketersediaan Nitrogen dan Populasi Bakteri Tanah di bawah Pengaruh Pemupukan pada System of Rice Intensification (Nitrogen Availability and Soil Bacteria Population under Fertilization Treatments in the System of Rice Intensification)","authors":"Nurul Istiqomah, Tanya Naomi Indarto, Virgus Amien Nugroho, C. Prayogo","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V41I2.6478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V41I2.6478","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak.  Sistem tanam SRI merupakan teknik untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi dengan pengairan berselang . Kondisi aerobik menstimulasi aktivitas mikroorganisme di dalam tanah dan meningkatkan ketersediaan nutrisi terutama Nitrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pupuk N, P dan K dan pupuk hayati pada sistem SRI terhadap status mineral N dan populasi bakteri tanah yang terlibat dalam dinamika Nitrogen. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai dengan Maret 2016 di Kepanjen-Malang, Jawa Timur dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan pada 0 dan 100 Hari Setelah Tanam (HST) pada kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm. Parameter tanah yang terukur meliputi pH, organik-C, mineral N (NH4+ dan NO3-). Bakteri tanah diidentifikasi dengan metode lempeng hitung (spread plate) untuk memperkirakan populasi mereka. Analisis varian (ANOVA) digunakan dan diikuti uji Duncan pada tingkat 5% seiring dengan analisis korelasi dan regresi. Analisis Multivariat Canonical (CVA) digunakan untuk mengelompokkan perlakuan berdasarkan parameter yang terpilih. Sistem budidaya SRI dengan penggunaan pupuk hayati dapat meningkatkan kandungan NO3- dari 5,08 menjadi 62,5 mg kg-1 (ppm) dan populasi bakteri dari 4, 3 x 108 menjadi 10,55 x 109 cfu g-1, pada kedalaman tanah 0-20 cm. Pola yang sama juga terlihat pada kandungan NH4+ yang meningkat dari 3,78 menjadi 17,87 mg kg-1. Secara umum, konsentrasi N mineral pada kedalaman 0-20 cm lebih rendah daripada kedalaman 20-40 cm. Analisis CVA menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanpa aplikasi NPK dan tanpa biofertilizer terkelompokkan secara nyata, berbeda dengan perlakuan lainnya berdasarkan nilai pH tanah, organik-C, dan mineral N (NH4+ and NO3-). Perlakuan terbaik adalah kombinasi NPK (15-15-15) sebesar 300 kg ha-1, pemakaian Urea 100 kg ha-1 dan penggunaan pupuk hayati sebanyak 10 l ha-1 yang menghasilkan gabah sebanyak 8,42 t ha-1. Abstract. The obstacles that caused the declining of rice production is due to reduction on soil fertility status. Various efforts were made to increase the production such as intensification and expansion in rice farming system. SRI cropping systems is alternative technique for improving soil productivity following maintaining water uses under aerobic condition which exagerated the raising of microorganisms activities in soil and improving the availability of nutrients particularly nitrogen status.  This study was aimed to examine the impact of SRI system on mineral N status along with population of soil bacteria which involving in nitrogen dynamic. The research was conducted in October 2015-March 2016 in Kepanjeng-Malang using Randomized Block Design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates. Soil sampling was conducted at 0 and 100 Day After Planting (DAP) collecting at a depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. Measured soil parameter  was including pH, organic-C, mineral N (NH 4 + and NO 3 - ). Soil bacteria is identified using plat","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134432554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karakteristik Tanah-tanah dari Bahan Induk Abu Volkan Muda di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah","authors":"S. Suratman, Hikmatullah Hikmatullah, A. Sulaeman","doi":"10.2017/JTI.V42I1.8070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2017/JTI.V42I1.8070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak: Tanah-tanah yang terbentuk dari abu volkan muda umumnya mempunyai sifat-sifat unik dan berpotensi tinggi untuk pertanian. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan perbedaan sifat-sifat fisik-kimia dan komposisi mineral tanah-tanah yang berasal dari bahan induk abu volkan muda di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Tengah. Lima profil tanah abu volkan muda berasal dari lereng utara G. Tangkubanperahu (SL-325), lereng timur G. Ceremai (SA-44), lereng barat G. Jembangan (HK-603), dan lereng utara G. Slamet (TG-5 dan YP27) telah dipilih dan dideskripsi sifat-sifat morfologinya di lapangan, dan sebanyak 22 contoh telah dianalisis sifat-sifat fisik-kimia dan komposisi mineral pasirnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahan induk tanah dari G. Tangkubanperahu dan G. Jembangan bersifat intermedier, yang didominasi oleh plagioklas intermedier, amfibol dan piroksen serta gelas volkan. Bahan induk dari G. Ceremai dan G. Slamet bersifat lebih basis yang dicirikan selain oleh kandungan mineral-mineral tersebut juga terdapat mineral olivin. Cadangan mineral mudah lapuk masih cukup tinggi (41-84%). Tanah dari G. Tangkubanperahu bertekstur lempung berdebu, reaksi tanah masam, dan kejenuhan basa rendah. Tanah dari G. Jembangan bertekstur liat yang menunjukkan tanah lebih berkembang, reaksi tanah masam dan kejenuhan basa rendah. Sedangkan tanah dari G. Ceremai bertekstur lempung berpasir, reaksi tanah netral dan kejenuhan basa sangat tinggi. Tanah dari G. Slamet bertekstur lempung sampai lempung berliat, reaksi tanah agak masam dan kejenuhan basa sangat tinggi. Semua profil memenuhi persyaratan sifat andik [(BD 85%, (Alo+0,5Feo) ekstraksi asam oksalat > 2,0%)], dan karenanya tanah tersebut diklasifikasikan sebagai Andisols pada tingkat Ordo menurut Soil Taxonomy. Abstract. The soils formed from volcanic ash have unique properties and high potential for agriculture use. The objective of the research was to study the differences between physical-chemical properties and mineral composition of volcanic ash soils in West Java and Central Java. Five volcanic ash soil profiles, from northern slope of G. Tangkubanperahu (SL-325), eastern slope of G. Ceremai (SA-44), western slope of G. Jembangan (HK-603), and northern slope of G. Slamet (TG-5 and YP27), have been selected and described their morphological properties in the field, and as many as 22 soil samples have been analyzed their physical and chemical properties and sand mineral composition. The results showed that the soil parent materials of G. Tangkubanperahu and G. Jembangan were intermediary, dominated by intermediary plagioclase, amphibole, pyroxene, and volcanic glasses. The soil parent materials of G. Ceremai and G. Slamet were more alkaline as characterized by those minerals and olivine content. The content of easily weathered minerals reserves were high (41-84%). The soil properties of G. Tangkubanperahu were silt loam texture, acid soil reaction, and low base saturation. The soil properties of G. Jembangan were cla","PeriodicalId":165570,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122885835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}