Journal of Neuroscience Methods最新文献

{"title":"A novel integration of brain structural and functional connectivity for identifying traumatic brain injury induced perturbations","authors":"Ishfaque Ahmed ,&nbsp;William D. Reeves ,&nbsp;Morgan H. Laballe ,&nbsp;Moira F. Taber ,&nbsp;Sydney E. Sneed ,&nbsp;Erin E. Kaiser ,&nbsp;Franklin D. West ,&nbsp;Qun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ability of the brain to perform multiple complex tasks with fixed structures has yet to be fully elucidated. Structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) have been increasingly used to understand the structure and function of the brain respectively. However, a limited number of studies have explored the relationship between both entities especially in translational animal models.</div></div><div><h3>New Method</h3><div>We proposed an integration of both SC and FC can improve understanding of brain’s structure, function, their interplay, and brain’s response to neurological conditions such as traumatic brain injury (TBI). We investigated structure-function correlation at multiple scales (small: cortical regions, medium: resting state networks, and large: hemispheric and whole brain), and adapted a Bayesian framework to incorporate SC for constructing structurally-informed FC (siFC) using a translational porcine model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There is a significantly strong correlation r = 0.277 ± 0.011 between SC and FC in healthy pigs which is consistent across different scales. Further, siFC stability is measured as a Pearson correlation (r = 0.72 ± 0.07) between time-resolved FCs. Subsequent differential degree test analysis using siFC provided more explicit profiling of perturbations caused by TBI.</div></div><div><h3>Comparing with Existing Methods</h3><div>The siFC is more immune to large, dynamic variability than FC alone. A more accurate profiling of significantly altered connections and affected hubs by TBI is achieved which is consistent with TBI induced structural deformations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings demonstrated that SC-FC integration model improved detection of significant differences in brain connectivity and pinpoints hub regions that had been directly impacted by TBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proper reference selection and re-referencing to mitigate bias in single pulse electrical stimulation data","authors":"Harvey Huang ,&nbsp;Joshua A. Adkinson ,&nbsp;Michael A. Jensen ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hasen ,&nbsp;Isabel A. Danstrom ,&nbsp;Kelly R. Bijanki ,&nbsp;Nicholas M. Gregg ,&nbsp;Kai J. Miller ,&nbsp;Sameer A. Sheth ,&nbsp;Dora Hermes ,&nbsp;Eleonora Bartoli","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Single pulse electrical stimulation experiments produce brain stimulation evoked potentials used to infer brain connectivity. The choice of recording reference for intracranial electrodes remains non-standardized and can significantly impact data interpretation. When the reference electrode is affected by stimulation or evoked brain activity, it can contaminate the brain stimulation evoked potentials recorded at all other electrodes and influence interpretation of findings.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>This specific issue is highlighted in intracranial EEG datasets from two subjects recorded at separate institutions. We present several intuitive metrics to detect the presence of reference contamination, based on artificial similarity between all channels. We also offer practical guidance on mitigating contamination, by switching to a more neutral reference electrode, or by <em>post hoc</em> re-referencing, per stimulation site, to an adjusted common average that is optimized for bias and noise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Either switching the reference electrode or re-referencing to an adjusted common average effectively mitigated the reference contamination issue. This was evidenced by metrics that indicated increased variability in the latencies and response durations of brain stimulation evoked potentials across the brain, and by increased similarity between experimental runs after re-referencing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, this study demonstrates the necessity of clear quality checks and preprocessing steps to ensure accurate interpretation of single pulse electrical stimulation data, and it provides a set of statistics and tools to achieve this.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing network meta-analysis in non-invasive brain stimulation: Optimizing post-stroke mood through combined therapies","authors":"Rui Li ,&nbsp;Shuxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Xi Xie ,&nbsp;Sijia Xia ,&nbsp;Wenju Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Jiang ,&nbsp;Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Mengquan Tan ,&nbsp;Jing Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110460","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Post-stroke depression and anxiety significantly impact recovery and quality of life. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS), have emerged as promising therapeutic options. However, the relative efficacy of single and combined NIBS therapies remains unclear. This network meta-analysis aims to identify the most effective combination therapies for optimizing post-stroke mood disorders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;New method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and key Chinese databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to March 2023. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted relevant data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Handbook. A network meta-analysis was performed using Stata SE version 15.1 and R software version 4.2.3 to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of different NIBS interventions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 50 RCTs involving 3852 participants and 18 different interventions (including 11 combination therapies) were analyzed. The findings revealed:&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;Post-stroke depression: High-frequency repetitive TMS combined with low-frequency repetitive TMS and western medicine (HFrTMS_LFrTMS_WM) was the most effective therapy. Additionally, low-frequency rTMS combined with western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (HFrTMS_WM_TCM) showed significant efficacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;Post-stroke anxiety: tDCS combined with psychotherapy (tDCS_psychotherapy) was significantly more effective than sham stimulation in reducing anxiety scores.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;•&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;div&gt;Effect of TUS: TUS combined with western medicine (TUS_WM) demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing anxiety compared to western medicine alone.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Comparison with existing methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Unlike previous studies focusing on single-modality interventions, this network meta-analysis systematically evaluates the comparative effectiveness of various combined NIBS strategies. Results indicate that combination therapies significantly outperform single-modality treatments, with TMS-based protocols showing the greatest overall benefit in improving both mood disorders and functional independence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The findings suggest that optimized combination NIBS therapies offer superior outcomes for post-stroke depression and anxiety. HFrTMS_LFrTMS_WM was the most effective for depression and independence in activities of daily living (ADLs), while tDCS_psychotherapy and TUS_WM were particularly effective for anxiety. These results highlight the clinical potential of integrated NIBS strategies for post-st","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic recording of brain activity in awake toads","authors":"Daniel A. Shaykevich ,&nbsp;Grace A. Woods ,&nbsp;Lauren A. O’Connell ,&nbsp;Guosong Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Amphibians represent an important evolutionary transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments and they display a large variety of complex behaviors despite a relatively simple brain. However, their brain activity is not as well characterized as that of many other vertebrates, partially due to physiological traits that have made electrophysiology recordings difficult to perform in awake and moving animals.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>We implanted flexible mesh electronics in the cane toad (<em>Rhinella marina</em>) and performed extracellular recordings in the telencephalon of anesthetized toads and awake toads over multiple days.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Though we struggled with maintaining implants in all operated animals, we recorded brain activity over five consecutive days in 5 awake toads and over a 15 week period in a toad that was anesthetized during recordings. We were able to perform spike sorting and identified single- and multi-unit activity in all toads.</div></div><div><h3>Comparison with existing methods</h3><div>To our knowledge, this is the first report of a modern method to perform electrophysiology in non-paralyzed toads over multiple days, though there are historical references to short term recordings in the past.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Optimizing flexible mesh electronics in amphibian species will allow for advanced studies of the neural basis of amphibian behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised alignment in neuroscience: Introducing a toolbox for Gromov–Wasserstein optimal transport","authors":"Ken Takeda ,&nbsp;Masaru Sasaki ,&nbsp;Kota Abe,&nbsp;Masafumi Oizumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><div>Understanding how sensory stimuli are represented across different brains, species, and artificial neural networks is a critical topic in neuroscience. Traditional methods for comparing these representations typically rely on supervised alignment, which assumes direct correspondence between stimuli representations across brains or models. However, it has limitations when this assumption is not valid, or when validating the assumption itself is the goal of the research.</div></div><div><h3>New method:</h3><div>To address the limitations of supervised alignment, we propose an unsupervised alignment method based on Gromov–Wasserstein optimal transport (GWOT). GWOT optimally identifies correspondences between representations by leveraging internal relationships without external labels, revealing intricate structural correspondences such as one-to-one, group-to-group, and shifted mappings.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>We provide a comprehensive methodological guide and introduce a toolbox called GWTune for using GWOT in neuroscience. Our results show that GWOT can reveal detailed structural distinctions that supervised methods may overlook. We also demonstrate successful unsupervised alignment in key data domains, including behavioral data, neural activity recordings, and artificial neural network models, demonstrating its flexibility and broad applicability.</div></div><div><h3>Comparison with existing methods:</h3><div>Unlike traditional supervised alignment methods such as Representational Similarity Analysis, which assume direct correspondence between stimuli, GWOT provides a nuanced approach that can handle different types of structural correspondence, including fine-grained and coarse correspondences. Our method would provide richer insights into the similarity or difference of representations by revealing finer structural differences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><div>We anticipate that our work will significantly broaden the accessibility and application of unsupervised alignment in neuroscience, offering novel perspectives on complex representational structures. By providing a user-friendly toolbox and a detailed tutorial, we aim to facilitate the adoption of unsupervised alignment techniques, enabling researchers to achieve a deeper understanding of cross-brain and cross-species representation analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed characterization of partial tumor resection in the Syngeneic Fischer/F98 Glioma Model","authors":"Laurence Déry ,&nbsp;Gabriel Charest ,&nbsp;Brigitte Guérin ,&nbsp;David Fortin","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Preclinical models of brain tumors play a fundamental role in understanding tumor biology and deploying anti-tumor strategies. However, preclinical studies evaluate their potential therapy in tumor model without prior resection. Nevertheless, maximal safe resection, the first step in the clinical treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), is known to have a significant effect on adjuvant treatments.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>We have therefore characterized two techniques to perform tumor resection in F98 glioma-bearing rats to bring this model closer to the clinical context. A total of 65 animals were assigned in 5 different groups: control, catheter (1.74 mm diameter) and biopsy punch (1.5/ 2.5/ 3 mm diameter). On day 10 post-tumor implantation, some animals were sacrificed on day 11 for histological analysis whereas the remaining animals were used for survival estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All animals in the survival groups that underwent tumor resection recurred. The resection cavities were visible on the H&amp;E histological sections. No significant difference was observed between the control and resection groups in term of survival but there was a trend towards improved survival with increasing tool diameter.</div></div><div><h3>Comparison with existing methods</h3><div>Few studies have investigated the development of tumor resection models, but the majority of these techniques require sophisticated equipment. To our knowledge, we are the first to develop an easy-to-perform partial tumour resection model using the Fischer-F98 glioma model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Here we present a detailed characterization of the tumor resection procedure and recurrence model, which has potential for the investigation of local delivery strategies in the treatment of GBM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 110447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precisely-timed outpatient recordings of subcortical local field potentials from wireless streaming-capable deep-brain stimulators: a method and toolbox","authors":"Cheol Soh ,&nbsp;Mario Hervault ,&nbsp;Andrea H. Rohl ,&nbsp;Jeremy D.W. Greenlee ,&nbsp;Jan R. Wessel","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Investigations of the electrophysiological mechanisms of the human subcortex have relied on recording local field potentials (LFPs) during deep-brain stimulation (DBS) neurosurgery. However, the neurosurgical setting severely restricts the research use of these recordings. Recently developed sensing-capable DBS devices wirelessly stream subcortical LFPs in outpatient settings. These recordings have tremendous potential for research. However, synchronizing them with other behavior or neural recordings is challenging, as the clinical devices do not accept digital timing information.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>Switching the DBS device on introduces transient yet consistent artifacts in both the LFP and simultaneous scalp-EEG recordings. We use these artifacts as a reference to align these recordings (N = 20). We tested whether the alignment was precise enough to match a ground truth state (large artifacts produced by transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS), yielded trial-averaged event-locked LFPs, and phase consistency across trials. We further evaluated the consistency of task-related LFPs across outpatient and perisurgical recordings.</div></div><div><h3>Results and comparison with existing method(s)</h3><div>Previous alignment methods were limited because they relied on inconsistent on/offset features of DBS artifacts caused by ongoing stimulation. Moreover, they only provided limited validation. Our highly precise alignment method showed a maximum deviation of only 8 ms – clearly superior to prior techniques. Furthermore, event-related activity patterns were comparable across outpatient and perisurgical LFP recordings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We present a method and a MATLAB toolbox that inserts the most precise digital timing information into wirelessly-streamed DBS-LFP recordings to date. By enabling event-related research with high-temporal precision, this method greatly enhances the utility of these recordings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 110448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"μGlia-Flow, an automatic workflow for microglia segmentation and classification","authors":"Huangrui Xiong ,&nbsp;Siling Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiuhong Qi ,&nbsp;Ji Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Microglia are important immune cells in the central nervous system, playing a key role in various pathological processes. The morphological diversity of microglia is closely linked to the development of brain diseases, yet accurate segmentation and automatic classification of microglia remain challenging.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>We proposed a workflow, μGlia-Flow, which integrates both segmentation and classification for microglia analysis. The Frangi filtering algorithm was employed for branch segmentation, and an edge-guided attention TransUNet (EGA-Net) was used for soma segmentation. A Vision Transformer (ViT) network was applied to classify different morphologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Frangi filtering algorithm produces more complete branches with smoother edges and clearer structures. The EGA-Net improves Dice and IoU scores by 4.02 % and 6.75 %, respectively. ViT achieves over 99 % precision in classification. Post-processing reveals decreasing complexity during activation, validating the accuracy of μGlia-Flow.</div></div><div><h3>Comparison with existing methods</h3><div>μGlia-Flow introduces deep learning, significantly improving segmentation accuracy and addressing the parameter dependency of existing classification methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>we present an automatic workflow for segmenting and classifying microglia, providing a powerful tool for different morphology analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"419 ","pages":"Article 110446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-day recordings and adaptive stimulation protocols for in-home collection of deep brain stimulation intracranial recordings","authors":"Jonathan P. Platt ,&nbsp;Erin M. Radcliffe ,&nbsp;Steven L. Klimczak ,&nbsp;Stephen V. Gliske ,&nbsp;Christopher K. Kovach ,&nbsp;Dulce Maroni ,&nbsp;Aviva Abosch ,&nbsp;John A. Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While open-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD), recent work has explored whether closed-loop adaptive DBS (aDBS) may better address fluctuating symptoms through patient-specific and symptom-relevant neurophysiological biomarkers. To aid these investigations, we designed an interface for the research-enabled Summit Medtronic RC+S (RC+S) implanted neurostimulator (INS) to collect multi-day recordings along with the implementation of aDBS therapy.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>We developed applications in MATLAB for investigating optimal brain recording locations, setting thresholds for real-time analysis, determining the INS’s position along with in-home recordings of neural activity, and implementation of aDBS algorithms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a pilot study conducted in PD subjects (n = 5), we successfully determined optimal DBS lead contacts for detecting maximal beta (13–30 Hz) activity for streaming in-home neural activity with closed-loop adjustments to stimulation amplitude (n = 24–27 days). Using a Bluetooth connection method we developed, 95.2 % in-home data was collected.</div></div><div><h3>Comparison with existing methods</h3><div>The software and hardware applications described in this report provide MATLAB based tools to enable a distributed strategy for interfacing with the RC+S deployed at in-home settings for multi-hour recordings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our interface provides investigators using the RC+S, in the context of aDBS, access to chronic recordings in real-time while providing adaptive stimulation based on continuous data analysis in MATLAB using a USB or Bluetooth connection. Advancing the efforts to characterize relevant biomarkers and develop therapeutic aDBS strategies for those treated with DBS, such as PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 110442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptations to the neuronal culture for researchers at undergraduate institutions","authors":"Briahna Galvan,&nbsp;Taranjot Singh,&nbsp;Prajwal Kurup,&nbsp;Jake Alvarez,&nbsp;Atta Bettagi,&nbsp;Henry Stewart,&nbsp;Anuraj Nair,&nbsp;Szilard Menes,&nbsp;Meera Patel,&nbsp;Jary Y. Delgado","doi":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jneumeth.2025.110437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The use of rat hippocampal neurons in culture has become an essential tool in neuroscience, enabling detailed study of excitatory synapse organization, neurotransmitter release, and mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. While these cultures provide valuable insights, the physiological relevance of this simplified in vitro system remains an ongoing discussion. Research indicates that cultured hippocampal neurons undergo key maturation processes, including the development of mature dendritic spines, within weeks, mirroring aspects of in vivo development. Importantly, cultured neurons offer unique experimental flexibility, facilitating single-neuron manipulations that is technically challenging or impractical in intact brain slices or with viral vectors. Despite these advantages, establishing cultures with minimal glial support—critical for experiments involving sparse labeling of extracellular proteins for single-particle tracking—often demands substantial time, expertise, and resources, making it difficult to implement in smaller laboratories with limited personnel and funding.</div></div><div><h3>New method</h3><div>In this study, we present modifications to the standard hippocampal culture protocol designed to improve accessibility and usability in resource-limited settings, such as undergraduate-focused institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results/Comparison</h3><div>Our protocol reduces costs, simplifies the culturing process, and minimizes time requirements, supporting robust neuronal cultures with physiological properties comparable to those of traditional methods. These adaptations enable the execution of sophisticated experiments, including single-molecule tracking, in personnel-limited research environments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This approach highlights the potential for undergraduate institutions to make significant contributions to scientific advancements, rather than being viewed solely as centers for undergraduate training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16415,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods","volume":"418 ","pages":"Article 110437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}