Environmental Microbiology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Osmomixotrophy in Phytoplankton: Analysis of 46 Strains From Marine and Freshwater Habitats Indicates Prevalent Use of Organic Compounds","authors":"Nele Martens,&nbsp;Luisa Listmann,&nbsp;Jette Ludewigs,&nbsp;C.-Elisa Schaum","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70420","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Osmomixotrophic use of dissolved organic compounds may be more widespread than previously recognized, but research seems so far isolated and mostly focusing on single phytoplankton groups or strains. Here we combined data from 24 marine and 22 freshwater strains to analyse their ability to use dissolved organic compounds. The results emphasize that osmomixotrophy is ubiquitous in phytoplankton across functional groups and taxa isolated from various habitats and not strictly dependent on light or nutrient deficiencies. Differences found in phytoplankton originating from different habitats may result from adaptive responses to habitat conditions, but conclusions need to be drawn carefully in line with the limited number of taxa included per habitat and potential niche partitioning. This study underscores the ecological significance of heterogeneous nutritional strategies and the necessity to address existing knowledge gaps to finally draw conclusions about the impact of osmomixotrophy in the context of single ecosystems and on global scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149029513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroactive Microbiomes: Electron Transfer Mechanisms and Environmental Biotechnology Applications","authors":"Timoth Mkilima","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70419","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electroactive microbiomes are mixed microbial communities in which one or more members exchange electrons with extracellular minerals, redox-active compounds, electrodes, or partner organisms and in which community interactions materially influence net electron flow. This review develops a mechanism–interface–function–readiness framework that connects extracellular electron transfer (EET) with biofilm ecology, microbiome–electrode organisation, environmental process performance, and translational maturity. Direct transfer through multiheme cytochromes and conductive structures, mediated transfer through soluble redox shuttles, and interspecies electron transfer are evaluated as system-dependent pathways rather than universally ranked mechanisms. Particular emphasis is placed on wastewater treatment and resource recovery, anaerobic digestion, pollutant and metal transformation, soil and sediment bioelectrochemistry, carbon conversion, microbial fuel cells, microbial electrolysis cells, electro-fermentation, and microbial electrosynthesis. Multi-omics, metabolic modelling, synthetic biology, advanced materials, and artificial intelligence are examined according to the strength of their direct evidence in electroactive systems. Across applications, performance depends strongly on reactor configuration, electrode properties, inoculum, biofilm architecture, mass and charge transport, substrate loading, and normalisation basis, making unqualified cross-study numerical comparison inappropriate. Major barriers are long-term stability, mechanistic attribution in mixed communities, standardisation, scale-up, energy and mass balances, biosafety, techno-economic feasibility, and regulatory compatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13597950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Contribution to Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition in Lake Erie Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Bloom Communities Is Dependent on Bloom Stage","authors":"Chelsea E. Donovan,&nbsp;Gabriel Padilla,&nbsp;Madison Ashbaugh,&nbsp;Sophie Bencivenga,&nbsp;Jordan Cibellis,&nbsp;Wilson Ritterpusch,&nbsp;Cameron Tierney,&nbsp;Justin D. Chaffin,&nbsp;Louie L. Wurch,&nbsp;Morgan M. Steffen","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70405","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are expanding globally and often involve toxin-producing species such as <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> that pose ecological and public health risks. Some cyanobacteria, including some strains of <i>M. aeruginosa</i>, lack antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, making them more reliant on associated bacteria for reactive oxygen species (ROS) decomposition. To evaluate bacterial contribution to oxidative stress defence in <i>Microcystis</i> blooms across stages of bloom development, we conducted a time-series incubation after a pulse of elevated hydrogen peroxide spanning the 2023 Lake Erie bloom season during pre-bloom, peak bloom, and bloom decline. Metatranscriptomics was used to assess bacterial gene expression for catalase, superoxide dismutase, and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase across 23 bacterial genera. Bacterial transcription of these enzymes was highest during peak bloom, with catalase eliciting the most robust transcriptional response. Bacterial taxa exhibited unique transcription patterns that fell into four categories: first responders, delayed responders, downregulators, or non-responders, with the largest and most diversified response during peak bloom. These results support the hypothesis that <i>Microcystis</i> partially outsources oxidative stress defence to bacterial partners and provide new evidence that bacterial contribution depends on bloom stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13594773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Chaetocerosphere: Chaetoceros Species and Associated Prokaryotes in a Coastal Area","authors":"Anna Chiara Trano,&nbsp;Raffaella Casotti,&nbsp;Roberta Piredda","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70398","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70398","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The phycosphere, the organic-rich microenvironment surrounding phytoplankton cells, mediates interactions between algae and other microorganisms, mainly prokaryotes. We investigated associations between <i>Chaetoceros</i> spp., one of the most abundant diatom genera in coastal waters, and particle-attached prokaryotic communities. Monthly samples were collected from October 2017 to September 2018 at a fixed station in the Gulf of Naples (Italy). Light microscopy counts of <i>Chaetoceros</i> were integrated with 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding data, and bipartite network analyses were applied to infer putative species-specific associations. Most inferred associations involved taxa previously reported in diatom-associated assemblages, such as Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes and Archaeal taxa including Thermoplasmata and Marine Group II. The networks included both single and (2–3) grouped <i>Chaetoceros</i> species. Interestingly, most of the species involved were chain-forming, although the functional role of this trait in shaping prokaryotic associations remains unclear. Overall, our results broaden the range of prokaryotic taxa potentially associated with <i>Chaetoceros</i> and highlight new possible interkingdom interactions in coastal marine ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Rhizobacterial Consortia Enhance Growth and Yield of Common Bean Across Field Conditions","authors":"Ana Paula Santos Oliveira,&nbsp;Cássia Cristina Rezende Mirza,&nbsp;Cleiton Mateus Sousa,&nbsp;Enderson Petrônio de Brito Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70414","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70414","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The common bean holds significant economic and social importance, with Brazil being one of the largest producers and consumers worldwide. Its cultivation requires high soil fertility, leading to the intensive use of mineral fertilizers, with high costs and environmental impacts. An alternative is the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, which have the potential to ensure grain yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of common beans in response to consortia of multifunctional rhizobacteria. The experiments were conducted using a randomized block design with 22 treatments and four replications. Each treatment consisted of a combination of three PGPR strains, along with zero fertilizer and fertilizer-only control treatment. Evaluations were carried out at the beginning of flowering and at harvest to assess root system characteristics, shoot development, and yield components. The consortia <i>Rhizobium</i> sp. (PaJuG2R5) + <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> (BRM063573) + <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> (BRM063574), <i>Rhizobium</i> sp. (PaJuG2R5) + <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (BRM067207) + <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> (BRM067206), and <i>Rhizobium</i> sp. (TilvG1R2) + <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> (BRM063573) + <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> (BRM067206) promoted plant growth and development, resulting in increased grain yield. These results offer a sustainable and accessible strategy for family farming, reducing dependence on mineral fertilizers, production costs, and environmental impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bacillus Phage From Bangladeshi Soil, Phage APU1: Genomic Characterisation and Comparative Genomic Analysis","authors":"Arefeen Haider,&nbsp;Tasnuva Jahan Esha,&nbsp;Sezanur Rahman,&nbsp;Jannat Akther,&nbsp;Naimul Islam Faysal,&nbsp;Tahsin Khan,&nbsp;Shakhinur Islam Mondal,&nbsp;Anowara Begum,&nbsp;Sudhangshu Kumar Biswas,&nbsp;Mustafizur Rahman,&nbsp;Mohammad Jubair","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70415","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Bacillus</i> species are environmentally resilient bacteria associated with soil, food, industrial settings and opportunistic infections, yet their bacteriophages remain incompletely characterised, particularly from underexplored environmental sources. We isolated and characterised phage APU1, a <i>dsDNA</i> phage from agricultural soil in Bangladesh. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the enrichment host conservatively as <i>Bacillus</i> sp. APU1 has a 153,847 bp genome that encodes 236 predicted proteins, including 84 shorter than 100 amino acids. CheckV classified the genome as high-quality, with an estimated completeness of 99.91% and no detectable host-gene contamination. Functional annotation identified genes associated with DNA replication, structural assembly, packaging and host lysis. PhaBOX classified APU1 as virulent, with PhaTYP and CHERRY prediction scores of 1.0. CARD/VFDB screening did not detect CARD-listed antimicrobial resistance genes or VFDB-listed virulence factor genes. Comparative genomic analyses using VICTOR, VIRIDIC and VIPTree placed APU1 within a group of related <i>Bacillus</i> phages. APU1 shared 89.7%–89.8% intergenomic similarity with its closest relatives, supporting its classification as a genomically distinct phage within this group. This study expands the genomic catalogue of <i>Bacillus-</i>associated phages from Bangladeshi soil and provides a foundation for future studies on phage diversity, host range, morphology and biological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Community Restructuring Under Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Stress in Membrane Bioreactors","authors":"Dongqing Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Yu,&nbsp;Antoine Prandota Trzcinski","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are increasingly released into aquatic environments, raising concerns regarding their impacts on biological wastewater treatment systems. This study investigated the long-term effects of ZnO NP exposure on microbial community dynamics and extracellular responses in submerged anoxic–aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs) operated continuously for 144 days. Two identical MBRs were operated under control and ZnO NP exposure conditions (1–50 mg L⁻¹). Reactor performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial products (SMPs), molecular weight (MW) distribution, fluorescence characteristics and bacterial community structure were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography–size exclusion chromatography (HPLC–SEC), fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (FEEM) spectroscopy and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing. ZnO NP exposure significantly reduced ammonium removal efficiency from 85.0% ± 2.5% to 65.2% ± 5.7% at 50 mg L⁻¹, indicating inhibition of nitrification. Both LB–EPS and TB–EPS increased substantially under nanoparticle stress, while HPLC–SEC and FEEM analyses revealed accumulation of high-molecular-weight, protein-like and fulvic-like SMP fractions. Long-term ZnO NP exposure restructured microbial community composition and was associated with reduced taxonomic and phylogenetic richness and substantial reductions in important nitrogen-transforming genera such as <i>Nitrospira</i> and <i>Dechloromonas</i>. Overall, long-term nanoparticle exposure promoted microbial community restructuring and enhanced extracellular stress responses, while simultaneously impairing important biological treatment functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella and Clinically Relevant Enterococcus From Faecal Samples of Conservation-Priority Captive Ungulates in a United Arab Emirates Urban Zoo: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Study","authors":"Ihab Habib,&nbsp;Moneeb A. Qablan,&nbsp;Fatema Aaref Alzaabi,&nbsp;Fatema Rashed Alnuaimi,&nbsp;Ghalya Ahmed Almemari,&nbsp;Glindya Bhagya Lakshmi,&nbsp;Safeya Al Naqbi,&nbsp;Fatima Al Shamsi,&nbsp;Dhanya Vijay,&nbsp;John Mhongovoyo,&nbsp;Sultan Khalifa Alkaabi,&nbsp;Amna Mana Alotaiba","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70416","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70416","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a One Health challenge driven by microbial exchange among humans, animals and the environment. Zoological institutions offer useful settings for environmental AMR surveillance. This single-zoo cross-sectional study examined the occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility and genomic characteristics of nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella enterica</i> (NTS) and clinically relevant <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. in faecal samples from 101 clinically healthy captive ungulates representing seven conservation-priority species at a major urban zoo in the United Arab Emirates. NTS was detected in 4/101 samples (3.9%), including serovars Schwarzengrund (<i>n</i> = 2), Kentucky (<i>n</i> = 1) and Chester (<i>n</i> = 1). Among the four recovered NTS isolates, all met the study MDR definition within the tested panel, including a <i>Salmonella</i> Kentucky ST198 isolate carrying multiple resistance genes and quinolone-associated mutations. <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. were detected in 77/101 samples (76.2%), dominated by <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i> (each 41.5%). Among 33 <i>E. faecium/Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolates tested phenotypically, resistance was generally low, with erythromycin and ciprofloxacin resistance each observed in 9.1%. One clinically important <i>E. faecium</i> isolate showed glycopeptide resistance and genetic markers associated with reduced daptomycin susceptibility. These single-institution cross-sectional data provide an initial regional baseline for AMR-relevant enteric bacteria in conservation-managed ungulates and identify priorities for broader longitudinal and interface-based surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Community Restructuring Under Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Stress in Membrane Bioreactors","authors":"Dongqing Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Yu,&nbsp;Antoine Prandota Trzcinski","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are increasingly released into aquatic environments, raising concerns regarding their impacts on biological wastewater treatment systems. This study investigated the long-term effects of ZnO NP exposure on microbial community dynamics and extracellular responses in submerged anoxic–aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs) operated continuously for 144 days. Two identical MBRs were operated under control and ZnO NP exposure conditions (1–50 mg L⁻¹). Reactor performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial products (SMPs), molecular weight (MW) distribution, fluorescence characteristics and bacterial community structure were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography–size exclusion chromatography (HPLC–SEC), fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (FEEM) spectroscopy and 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing. ZnO NP exposure significantly reduced ammonium removal efficiency from 85.0% ± 2.5% to 65.2% ± 5.7% at 50 mg L⁻¹, indicating inhibition of nitrification. Both LB–EPS and TB–EPS increased substantially under nanoparticle stress, while HPLC–SEC and FEEM analyses revealed accumulation of high-molecular-weight, protein-like and fulvic-like SMP fractions. Long-term ZnO NP exposure restructured microbial community composition and was associated with reduced taxonomic and phylogenetic richness and substantial reductions in important nitrogen-transforming genera such as <i>Nitrospira</i> and <i>Dechloromonas</i>. Overall, long-term nanoparticle exposure promoted microbial community restructuring and enhanced extracellular stress responses, while simultaneously impairing important biological treatment functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and Phenotypic Classification of Staphylococcus Species Isolated From Delhi Air","authors":"Himanshu Sen,&nbsp;Joyasree Das,&nbsp;Suman Paul,&nbsp;Manpreet Kaur,&nbsp;Amareshwar Vodapalli,&nbsp;Surajit Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Manoj Raje,&nbsp;Srinivasan Krishnamurthi,&nbsp;Saumya Raychaudhuri","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70411","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1758-2229.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To understand the prevalence of opportunistic bacterial pathogens in the bioaerosols, outdoor air-sampling was performed during the peak season of air pollution prior to the onslaught of the COVID-19 pandemic in the national capital of India, Delhi, during the month of November 2019. Employing a sophisticated plate exposure technique using the Merck Mas Eco-100 instrument, culturable bacterial samples were collected from six locations in Delhi. Among the identified bacterial samples, multiple species of the opportunistic pathogen <i>Staphylococcus</i>, namely, <i>S. gallinarum</i>, <i>S. haemolyticus</i>, and <i>S. arlettae</i> were present. To further characterize these isolates, whole genome sequencing coupled with phenotypic microarray, antibiotic resistance profiling, and biofilm formation in the presence of a known air pollutant, black carbon, was performed. The comparative genomics analysis highlighted the presence of the urease gene cluster (<i>ureABCDEFG</i>) in <i>S. arlettae</i> Naraina and <i>S. haemolyticus</i> Yojna Vihar 1 that may provide a fitness advantage to these strains, as urease activity in <i>S. haemolyticus</i> and <i>S. arlettae</i> is usually reported as negative.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}