Journal of Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Lesion-Based Disconnectome Explains Cognitive Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"Jonadab dos Santos Silva,&nbsp;Claudia C. F. Vasconcelos,&nbsp;Carina T. Spedo,&nbsp;Carolina Alvarez Azevedo,&nbsp;Larissa C. S. Lopes,&nbsp;Francesco La Rosa,&nbsp;Carolina B. Moura,&nbsp;Osvaldo Nascimento,&nbsp;Fernanda Cristina Rueda Lopes","doi":"10.1111/jon.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive impairment is common and disabling in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet poorly explained by lesion burden. This study aimed to determine whether the indirect impact of lesions, quantified through disconnectomes, explains multidomain cognitive deficits more effectively than lesion load, and to identify specific white matter tracts underlying these deficits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty adults with MS completed the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS, covering processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test; SDMT), verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test-II; CVLT-II), and visuospatial memory (Brief Visuospatial Memory Test–Revised; BVMT-R). Lesions were segmented using 3 Tesla fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images and used to estimate tract-specific disconnections and generate voxel-wise disconnectome maps. Tract-specific and voxel-wise analyses were used to identify disconnection patterns associated with cognitive performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognition was impaired across all domains (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Disconnectome volume was a significant independent determinant of cognitive performance (β = –0.41, <i>p</i> = 0.004), whereas lesion volume was not. Tract-specific analyses revealed distinct disconnection patterns: slower SDMT was associated with left cingulum posterior (β = −0.310, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.599, −0.021]); poorer CVLT-II with left arcuate fasciculus (β = −0.232, 95% CI [−0.435, −0.030]); and lower BVMT-R with right cingulum posterior (β = −0.218, 95% CI [−0.383, −0.054]). Voxel-wise analyses identified where the strongest associations between disconnectomes and cognitive performance were located.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lesion-driven disconnection is a more robust determinant of cognitive impairment in MS than lesion burden alone, and disconnectome mapping may help understand the indirect network-level mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of ASL-MRI and FDG-PET","authors":"Mahla Radmard,&nbsp;Mona Gad,&nbsp;Ali Sheikhy,&nbsp;Richard Dagher,&nbsp;Vivek Yedavalli,&nbsp;Licia P. Luna","doi":"10.1111/jon.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are two common conditions associated with cognitive decline. With global dementia cases rising, identifying the most accurate imaging method for diagnosis is essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols, we systematically reviewed studies utilizing arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) and [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for neurodegenerative disorders. Searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase led to 17 studies directly comparing these modalities for MCI/AD diagnosis. Seven studies met criteria for meta-analysis based on interreader agreement and area under the curve (AUC) data. Meta-analysis was performed using the R “Mada” package, with study heterogeneity assessed via the Zhou and Dendukuri approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Meta-analysis of seven studies showed FDG-PET had a slightly higher AUC (0.864, sensitivity 0.81, specificity 0.80) compared to ASL-MRI (AUC 0.836, sensitivity 0.73, specificity 0.80), but no statistically significant difference. Low heterogeneity was observed (<i>I</i>²: 9.4% for FDG-PET, 6.5% for ASL-MRI). In MCI subgroup analysis, FDG-PET outperformed ASL-MRI with significantly higher sensitivity (0.90 vs. 0.75), specificity (0.91 vs. 0.73), and AUC (0.92 vs. 0.80, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>FDG-PET and ASL-MRI demonstrate comparable diagnostic accuracy for AD and MCI. Selection between modalities may depend on availability, cost, and safety considerations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Relevance/Application</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both FDG-PET and MRI-ASL are effective at identifying MCI and AD, enabling accurate diagnosis. The choice of which modality to use may be addressed by cost, availability, and consideration of other potential diagnoses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Hemodynamic Alterations in Glioma: Insights From Resting-State Functional MRI","authors":"Jun Kanzawa,&nbsp;Shiori Amemiya,&nbsp;Hidemasa Takao,&nbsp;Osamu Abe","doi":"10.1111/jon.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to characterize hemodynamic alterations in gliomas by analyzing global signal metrics and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed resting-state functional MRI data from an open dataset. A total of 29 glioma patients (17 men; mean age: 44.2 ± 13.9 years; 16 high-grade) were included. Global signal cross-correlation (GSXC), representing the maximum cross-correlation value between each voxel's time series and the average gray matter signal of the contralateral hemisphere, and ALFF were calculated. Regions of interest for tumor were defined and mirrored to the contralateral side for comparison. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine effects of tumor grade and measurement side on GSXC and ALFF. Post hoc analyses compared tumor versus contralateral regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GSXC was significantly reduced in tumor regions compared to the contralateral hemisphere, regardless of tumor grade (low-grade: 0.31 ± 0.21 vs. 0.45 ± 0.16, <i>p</i> = 0.005; high-grade: 0.39 ± 0.17 vs. 0.55 ± 0.13, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). ALFF was significantly lower in low-grade tumors compared to the contralateral side (0.65 ± 0.15 vs. 0.77 ± 0.14, <i>p</i> = 0.005), while no significant difference was found in high-grade tumors (0.80 ± 0.18 vs. 0.77 ± 0.10, <i>p</i> = 0.46).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that GSXC and ALFF provide complementary pathological information on glioma. GSXC indicates impaired cerebrovascular reactivity due to gliovascular uncoupling, whereas ALFF shows an increase in high-grade gliomas likely reflecting greater total vascularity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Multiband Acceleration Degrades Resting-State Functional MRI Reliability and Signal Quality Under Anesthesia","authors":"Masoud Hassanzadeh,&nbsp;Alyssa Ailion,&nbsp;Simon K. Warfield,&nbsp;Taha Gholipour,&nbsp;Shan Siddiqi,&nbsp;Steven M. Stufflebeam,&nbsp;Elmira Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.1111/jon.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is increasingly used to map brain networks in patients under anesthesia, but technical factors can affect its utility. We evaluated the effects of sevoflurane, multiband acceleration, and scan duration on rs-fMRI signal quality and within-subject reliability under anesthesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed 64 clinical rs-fMRI scans acquired under anesthesia, with or without sevoflurane and multiband factor 5 acceleration. Temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) was used as a measure of signal quality. For each patient, the scan was split in half, and seed-based connectivity maps were generated for the primary motor cortex (M1), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC). Split-half spatial correlations were used to assess within-subject reliability. Group comparisons examined differences in tSNR and reliability across conditions, and correlations with scan duration were tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multiband acceleration was associated with significantly lower tSNR (<i>U</i> = 652.0, <i>p</i> = 8.9 × 10─⁶) and reduced split-half reliability for M1 (<i>p</i> = 0.019), PCC (<i>p</i> = 0.010), and sgACC (<i>p</i> = 0.0064). Sevoflurane showed no significant effect on tSNR or reliability. Longer scan duration correlated with improved reliability for M1 (<i>r</i> = 0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.003) but not for PCC or sgACC. No correlation was found between tSNR and reliability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hight multiband acceleration reduces both signal quality and reliability of rs-fMRI under anesthesia. Sevoflurane had no measurable effect. The lack of correlation between tSNR and reliability underscores the need for more robust metrics when evaluating scan quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Edema in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: Clinical Associations and Outcome","authors":"Andrew C. McClelland,&nbsp;Colin A. Ellis,&nbsp;Emory Kuo,&nbsp;Kenny Q. Ye,&nbsp;Ramani Balu,&nbsp;Suyash Mohan","doi":"10.1111/jon.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurotoxic state with characteristic imaging findings. While classic PRES typically involves parieto-occipital edema, atypical cases present with variable involvement of deep gray nuclei, brainstem, cerebellum, and corpus callosum, which may complicate diagnosis. This study aims to characterize the neuroimaging features of “atypical” PRES in a large cohort and evaluate relationships with clinical variables and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed neuroimaging data from patients diagnosed with PRES, identifying cases with atypical edema patterns. Relationships between MRI findings, clinical variables, and outcomes were assessed with univariable and multivariable regression analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 184 PRES cases were analyzed. 71.7% had “atypical” imaging findings. Atypical edema was associated with older age (odds ratio [OR] 2.96 ≥52 years, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and negatively associated with pregnancy (OR 0.20, <i>p</i>&lt;0.001). These associations were seen in a subset of atypical locations, particularly those supplied by the posterior circulation. Additionally, certain atypical edema patterns were correlated with prolonged hospital stays and reduced clinical reversibility, suggesting a potential impact on patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this large series of PRES cases, atypical imaging findings were common. Atypical edema, including a posterior circulation pattern, was seen more commonly in older patients, less commonly in pregnancy, and may represent a more severe form of this syndrome with worse outcomes. Recognizing these atypical imaging patterns is crucial for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Collateral Neuroimaging for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Redefining Time and Tissue Windows in the Reperfusion Era","authors":"Ritwick Mondal,&nbsp;Shramana Deb,&nbsp;Nirmalya Ray,&nbsp;Ananya Sengupta,&nbsp;Vramanti Sarkar,&nbsp;Subhadeep Banerjee,&nbsp;Avik Mukherjee,&nbsp;Jayanta Roy,&nbsp;Julián Benito-León","doi":"10.1111/jon.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cerebral collateral circulation is a critical determinant of infarct evolution, therapeutic response, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. While the concept of “time is brain” has traditionally guided reperfusion therapy, recent evidence—particularly from trials like DAWN and DEFUSE 3—suggests that collateral status more accurately determines the rate of infarct progression and the extent of salvageable tissue. This comprehensive review synthesizes advances in neuroimaging modalities for evaluating cerebral collaterals, emphasizing their role in refining stroke diagnosis, guiding patient selection, and informing personalized treatment strategies. Structural approaches such as multiphase and dynamic CT angiography, alongside perfusion-based parameters (e.g., cerebral blood volume, hypoperfusion intensity ratio, and Tmax delay maps), are examined. Cortical venous outflow, assessed via the cortical vein opacification score, emerges as an independent predictor of outcome, complementing arterial grading. Susceptibility-weighted imaging, arterial spin labeling, and metabolic and molecular techniques (e.g., PET imaging of inflammation and vascular remodeling) offer functional insights beyond traditional angiography. Biomarkers such as matrix metalloproteinase-9, integrin αvβ3, and translocator protein–targeted PET ligands are discussed in relation to collateral vessel dynamics. Finally, we explore the integration of genetically informed brain atlases, spatial transcriptomics, and imaging–genomic platforms for high-resolution collateral phenotyping. Although promising, these modalities face challenges related to heterogeneity, limited validation, and the lack of standardization. A biologically informed, multimodal, and automated imaging paradigm may herald a new era of precision stroke medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter: Which Axis Should Be Measured?","authors":"Jakob Pansell,&nbsp;Tina Thomsson,&nbsp;Emelie Eng,&nbsp;Andreas Wallin,&nbsp;Mohammad Hirzallah","doi":"10.1111/jon.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured by point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a commonly used non-invasive estimate of intracranial pressure (ICP). However, methodological variations limit standardization of this promising technique. Different imaging axes are identified as one such source of ONSD POCUS methodological variation. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement and diagnostic accuracy for elevated ICP between transverse and sagittal ONSD measurements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a post-hoc analysis of 213 intensive care patients from three prior studies. ONSD was measured in both transverse and sagittal planes, externally (ONSDext) and internally (ONSDint) of the dura mater. Agreement was assessed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). Diagnostic accuracy for detecting ICP ≥20 mmHg was evaluated using area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUROC) analyses in a subset of 139 patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sagittal ONSD was significantly larger than transverse ONSD (median difference 0.2 mm, p&lt;0.001). Agreement between transverse and sagittal ONSD was poor (CCC: 0.65 and 0.70 for right and left side ONSDext, and 0.43 and 0.51 for right and left side ONSDint). No significant differences in AUROC were found between transverse, sagittal, or averaged measurements.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transverse and sagittal ONSD measurements are not interchangeable due to significant differences and poor agreement. Diagnostic accuracy was similar across methods. These findings support continued use of transverse measurement as the standard approach for ONSD POCUS in clinical practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPECT Cerebral Perfusion Patterns in Isolated Cervical Dystonia","authors":"Byungseok Kim,&nbsp;Ik-Dong Yoo,&nbsp;Hyeonseok S. Jeong,&nbsp;Yong-An Chung,&nbsp;In-Uk Song","doi":"10.1111/jon.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Isolated cervical dystonia is characterized by sustained or intermittent neck movements caused by involuntary muscle contractions, resulting in abnormal movements or postures of cervical areas. We measured altered regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia compared to healthy controls and explored the correlation between dystonia severity and rCBF patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 38 patients with isolated cervical dystonia and 29 healthy controls were recruited. All subjects underwent Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) and Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT; TWSTRS was used to assess the severity of dystonia. rCBF was compared between groups using voxel-wise statistical analyses. Associations between rCBF in significant clusters and TWSTRS scores were examined using linear regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with controls, patients with cervical dystonia exhibited reduced rCBF in brain regions implicated in sensory processing, motor control, and higher cognitive functions, including the left middle temporal gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, right lingual gyrus, left precuneus, right temporal pole, right middle cingulate gyrus, and right anterior cingulate gyrus. Although reduced rCBF was observed in seven regions, only the right temporal pole showed a significant correlation with TWSTRS motor scores. Reduced rCBF in the right temporal pole negatively correlated with higher TWSTRS scores in dystonia patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The negative correlation between reduced rCBF in the right temporal pole and increased TWSTRS scores highlights a potential association between altered cerebral perfusion and dystonic symptom severity. Understanding these alterations could offer insights into the neurobiological basis of cervical dystonia, aiding targeted therapeutic interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144767392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in White Matter Structure in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: MR Diffusion Fixel-Based Analysis","authors":"Yan Yu,&nbsp;Jiancheng Fu,&nbsp;Meihao Wang,&nbsp;Ronghui Zhou,&nbsp;Chenhao Shan,&nbsp;Xinye Sun,&nbsp;Yuanjing Feng","doi":"10.1111/jon.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder prevalent among adolescents and exhibits notable sex dimorphism. Despite an increasing body of research, the impact of sex on ADHD remains underexplored. This study aimed to examine sex differences in white matter organization in children with ADHD using magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion data analyzed with fixel-based analysis (FBA), a novel technique that enables detailed assessment of both microstructural and macrostructural properties of white matter.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-five children with ADHD and 37 age-matched typically developing controls underwent MR diffusion. FBA was used to assess white matter structure. Group comparisons examined sex differences within and between groups, and correlation analyses were conducted between white matter features and clinical symptoms in the ADHD group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results demonstrated that no significant sex differences were identified among healthy controls. However, within the ADHD group, the fiber cross-section (FC) metric revealed significant white matter alterations in several tracts, including the arcuate fasciculus, corpus callosum (CC), cingulum (CG), superior longitudinal fascicle, striato-fronto-orbital (ST_FO), and striato-precentral. In addition, the fiber density and cross-section metrics showed comparable abnormalities in the CC, CG, and ST_FO. Females with ADHD showed stronger correlations between FC metrics in bundles of white matter and clinical symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is the first to demonstrate sex differences in ADHD white matter bundles using FBA, contributing to a deeper understanding of the pathological mechanisms of ADHD and offering new insights for its diagnosis and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular Therapy Outcomes for Cerebral Vasospasm in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","authors":"Rami Fakih,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Bhatti,&nbsp;Rehan Ahmed,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Ma,&nbsp;Syed A. Gillani,&nbsp;Farhan Siddiq,&nbsp;Camilo R. Gomez,&nbsp;Adnan I. Qureshi","doi":"10.1111/jon.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of endovascular therapy (EVT) on outcomes in World Federation of Neurological Societies (WFNS) grade ≥ 4 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 80 patients with WFNS grade ≥ 4 aSAH and secondary vasospasm treated between 2010 and 2023. EVT included intra-arterial vasodilators and/or balloon angioplasty. The primary outcome was favorable functional status at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale 0–3). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between EVT and outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, and time-to-aneurysm securement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EVT was performed in 77.5% of patients (n = 62). Favorable outcomes occurred in occurred in 42.5% of all patients (n = 34), and were significantly more frequent in the EVT group (48.4% versus 22.2%; p = 0.038). EVT was independently associated with greater odds of favorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–8.85; p = 0.030) and reduced mortality (aOR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07–0.82; p = 0.023). Early aneurysm treatment (≤ 12 h) also independently predicted favorable outcomes (aOR 2.38, p = 0.044) and lower mortality (aOR 0.42, p = 0.045).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among patients with poor-grade aSAH and vasospasm, EVT was independently associated with improved functional outcomes and survival. These findings challenge historical nihilism and support timely, aggressive endovascular intervention as a critical component of care in this high-risk population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}