Journal of Neuroimaging最新文献

{"title":"Safety of Indocyanine Green Microdosing for Clinical Imaging of CSF Ventricular Dynamics and Extracranial Outflow","authors":"Miriam Zamorano,&nbsp;Banghe Zhu,&nbsp;Ahmed T. Massoud,&nbsp;Jonathan Hendricks,&nbsp;H. Alex Choi,&nbsp;Pedram Peesh,&nbsp;Brandon A. Miller,&nbsp;Xinhai Robert Zhang,&nbsp;Manish N. Shah,&nbsp;Eva M. Sevick-Muraca","doi":"10.1111/jon.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intravenous administration of indocyanine green (ICG) has been approved in brain surgeries for decades, yet concerns about neurotoxicity prevent its direct administration into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Armed with prior animal studies demonstrating the feasibility of using ICG microdosing into the CSF, we sought to evaluate its nonclinical safety profile and obtain surrogate measures in adults prior to its use in human neonates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluation of ICG toxicity was conducted in mixed primary CNS cell cultures and in an extended safety study of juvenile rat pups deploying intraventricular injections of saline (as control) or ICG. Analysis of animal behavior included Novel Object Place Recognition Test and rotarod behavioral tests. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage, microglial activation, and neuronal density was performed on collected brains. We measured ICG levels (before and after intravenous administration) in collected CSF from external ventricular drain catheters of 10 brain-injured adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TNF-α and lactate dehydrogenase assay for cytotoxicity showed transient elevations after 1 h of incubation with 1291 µM ICG, but none at or below 322 µM ICG, even after 24 h of incubation. Behavioral tests and immunohistochemical analyses showed no differences between ICG-administered animals and controls. Intraventricular concentrations of ICG in collected human CSF ranged between 0.17 and 7.93 µM, with no adverse events associated with intravenous administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With intraventricular microdosing of 100 µg ICG, maximal ICG concentrations in neonatal CSF range from 1.3 to 6 5 µM. CNS cell culture, rat safety studies, and surrogate measures in adults evidence the safety of microdosing ICG directly into the CSF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting-State fMRI to Map Language Function for Surgical Planning in Patients With Brain Tumors: A Feasibility Study","authors":"Annalisa Bozzano,&nbsp;Laura Barletta,&nbsp;Stefano Caneva,&nbsp;Monica Truffelli,&nbsp;Elisa Bennicelli,&nbsp;Giacomo Rebella,&nbsp;Gianluigi Zona,&nbsp;Lucio Castellan","doi":"10.1111/jon.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In neurosurgery, functional MRI is crucial for preoperative planning to obtain the cortical cortex map of language areas. This preliminary work involved analyzing the functional MRIs of 20 oncological patients. Our question is if resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) can replace standard task-based functional MRI (tb-fMRI) in routine clinical applications. The aim of this challenge is to determine if rs-fMRI is as effective as tb-fMRI and to develop a systematic approach for the extraction of a cortical language map.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We started by analyzing our rs-fMRI images and validated the correct mapping of language regions using an independent components analysis approach; then, we used the analysis of connectivity networks to compare the two techniques.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The regions identified in rs-fMRI align with established medical knowledge; a comparison of rs-fMRI and tb-fMRI reveals that the four language regions—Broca's and Wernicke's areas in both hemispheres—exhibit activation in both techniques; furthermore, we highlighted that rs-fMRI reveals more comprehensive details about functional connectivity in contrast to tb-fMRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>rs-MRI and tb-MRI provide similar levels of efficacy in revealing the functional areas of the brain for preoperative mapping when a lesion lies in areas related to language; thus, both techniques can be utilized for this goal. Based on this, we developed an rs-fMRI processing pipeline for clinical usage and applied it to a patient outside the study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Flow Velocities as Determined by Real-Time Phase-Contrast MRI in Patients With Carotid Artery Stenosis","authors":"Deborah Bochert,&nbsp;Sabine Hofer,&nbsp;Peter Dechent,&nbsp;Jens Frahm,&nbsp;Mathias Bähr,&nbsp;Jan Liman,&nbsp;Ilko Maier","doi":"10.1111/jon.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Real-time phase-contrast (RT-PC) flow MRI can be used to determine quantitative flow parameters throughout the vessel lumen of extracranial, brain-supplying arteries. Its potential value in the diagnostic workup of patients with carotid artery stenosis has not been evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RT-PC flow MRI was performed in 10 patients with carotid stenosis in comparison to conventional neurovascular ultrasound (nvUS). Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, mean flow velocity, and flow volumes have been evaluated by RT-PC flow MRI. Measurements have been performed at standardized sites along the common, internal, and external carotid arteries on both sides and at the maximum of the carotid stenosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood flow velocities were significantly lower with RT-PC flow MRI compared to nvUS and not consistently correlated between both methods. Within the maximum of the carotid stenosis, RT-PC flow MRI showed implausible flow velocity reductions compared to nvUS. In contrast, the flow volumes determined by RT-PC flow MRI—with exception of the stenosis maximum—were comparable with nvUS and significantly correlated in the prestenotic common carotid artery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RT-PC flow MRI does not appear to be suitable for quantifying blood flow velocities and volumes in the patients with carotid stenosis compared to nvUS. Apart from the lower temporal resolution of RT-PC MRI, the lack of correlation of blood flow velocities might be ascribed to the prevalence of nonlaminar flow within and behind the stenosis, which violates a general prerequisite for valid flow velocity measurements by PC MRI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myelin Quantification Using Ultrashort Echo Time Magnetization Transfer Ratio in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Jiyo S. Athertya,&nbsp;Xin Cheng,&nbsp;Qingbo Tang,&nbsp;Dina Moazamian,&nbsp;Eric Y. Chang,&nbsp;Catherine E. Johnson,&nbsp;Jiankun Cui,&nbsp;Zezong Gu,&nbsp;Yajun Ma,&nbsp;Jiang Du","doi":"10.1111/jon.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to assess the potential of ultrashort echo time imaging-based magnetization transfer ratio (UTE-MTR) in detecting demyelination in mice with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) caused by an open-field low-intensity blast (LIB) injury model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 30 male C57BL/6 mice, approximately 8 weeks old, sourced from Jackson Laboratories in Bar Harbor, ME, and conducted under institutional guidelines. The mice were divided into the mTBI group (<i>n</i> = 15) and the sham control group (<i>n</i> = 15). All animal experiments followed the approved protocols for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and Animal Research. The mTBI group underwent the open-field LIB injury. Behavioral tests were conducted to assess motor activity and anxiety-like responses. UTE-MT imaging was performed using a 3 Tesla Bruker system to measure UTE-MTR from two UTE-MT datasets with saturation powers of 1500° and 500°, and two frequency offsets of 2 and 50 kHz, respectively. Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining was performed to evaluate myelin content. The mean UTE-MTR values for regions of interest centered at the medial section of the corpus callosum were computed. The behavioral tests, LFB myelin staining, and UTE-MTR values were compared between the two groups using the independent <i>t</i>-test. <i>p</i> values &lt;0.05 were considered significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mTBI mice demonstrated decreased motor activity and increased anxiety-like response over sham controls. The mTBI mice also showed significantly lower UTE-MTR values (0.399±0.007 vs. 0.393±0.005; <i>p</i>&lt;0.05) and reduced LFB myelin staining (0.848±0.324 vs. 1.145±0.260; <i>p</i> = 0.048) over sham controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The significantly lower UTE-MTR values in the corpus callosum of mTBI mice are consistent with reduced LFB myelin staining, indicating that UTE-MTR can detect myelin loss and associated alterations in motor and anxiety domains post-LIB exposure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal Subfield Abnormalities in Patients With Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia","authors":"Elena Filimonova,&nbsp;Anton Pashkov,&nbsp;Galina Moysak,&nbsp;Azniv Martirosyan,&nbsp;Jamil Rzaev","doi":"10.1111/jon.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) is a prevalent chronic pain disorder whose pathogenesis is not solely confined to the trigeminal system. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding the underlying mechanisms, comprehensive and consistent data concerning the involvement of the hippocampal formation in this process are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate structural changes in hippocampal subfields in patients with PTN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-nine individuals who were diagnosed with PTN and 28 healthy controls matched for age and sex underwent high-resolution 3 Tesla MRI. HippUnfold software was used for the segmentation of hippocampal subfields and the extraction of features. Covariance analyses were performed to analyze changes in the volume, thickness, and gyrification index of different subfields in patients with PTN compared to controls. Furthermore, the relationships between MR morphometry data and the severity of nerve root compression, as well as the intensity and duration of pain, were examined in patients with PTN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis demonstrated a decrease in the volume of the right cornu ammonis subfield 1 (CA1)–CA3 and left CA2 hippocampal subfields in patients with PTN compared to healthy controls (adjusted <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for all comparisons). No statistically significant associations were found between hippocampal MR morphometry data and clinical metrics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest the existence of bilateral structural abnormalities in the hippocampal subfields in individuals with PTN, which could contribute to the development and progression of this condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Field Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Median, Tibial, and Sural Nerves in Type 2 Diabetes With Morphometric Analysis","authors":"Luka Pušnik,&nbsp;Aljoša Gabor,&nbsp;Barbora Radochová,&nbsp;Jiří Janáček,&nbsp;František Saudek,&nbsp;Armin Alibegović,&nbsp;Igor Serša,&nbsp;Erika Cvetko,&nbsp;Nejc Umek,&nbsp;Žiga Snoj","doi":"10.1111/jon.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objective was to compare diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scalar parameters of peripheral nerves between subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without diabetes. Secondarily, we aimed to correlate DTI scalar parameters with nerve morphometric properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median, tibial, and sural nerves were harvested from 34 male cadavers (17 T2DM, 17 nondiabetic). Each nerve was divided into three segments. The initial segment was scanned using 9.4 Tesla MRI system (three-dimensional pulsed-gradient spin-echo sequence). DTI scalars were calculated from region-average diffusion-weighted signals. Second segment was optically cleared, acquired with optical projection tomography (OPT), and analyzed for morphometrical properties. Toluidine-stained sections were prepared from last segment, and axon- and myelin-related properties were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DTI scalar parameters of median and tibial nerves were comparable between the groups, while sural nerves of T2DM exhibited on average 41% higher mean diffusivity (MD) (<i>p</i> = 0.03), 38% higher radial diffusivity (RD) (<i>p</i> = 0.03), and 27% lower fractional anisotropy (FA) (<i>p</i> = 0.005). Significant differences in toluidine-evaluated parameters of sural nerves were observed between the groups, with a positive correlation between FA with fiber density (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) and with myelin proportion (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and an inverse correlation between RD and myelin proportion (<i>p</i> = 0.003). OPT-measured morphometric properties did not correlate with DTI scalar parameters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High-field DTI shows promise as an imaging technique for detecting axonal and myelin-related changes in small sural nerves ex vivo. The reduced fiber density and decreased myelin content, which can be observed in T2DM, likely contribute to observed FA reduction and increased MD/RD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Identification of Pre-Lesional Tissue in Multiple Sclerosis With Advanced Diffusion MRI","authors":"Maria Caranova,&nbsp;Júlia F. Soares,&nbsp;Daniela Jardim Pereira,&nbsp;Ana Cláudia Lima,&nbsp;Lívia Sousa,&nbsp;Sónia Batista,&nbsp;Miguel Castelo-Branco,&nbsp;João V. Duarte","doi":"10.1111/jon.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Structural MRI (sMRI) is used in monitoring multiple sclerosis (MS) but lacks sensitivity in detecting clinically relevant damage to normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), that is, pre-lesional tissue, and specificity for identifying the underlying substrate of injury. In this longitudinal study, we identified pre-lesional tissue in MS patients and investigated its microstructure by modeling diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data using diffusion tensor imaging and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled 18 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (10 females, 31.92 ± 8.09 years, disease duration 0.91 ± 1.81 years) and 18 healthy controls (10 females, 31.89 ± 8.15 years). Participants underwent two sMRI and DWI sessions (baseline and follow-up) with the same protocols. Average apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), orientation dispersion index (ODI), and neurite density index (NDI) were estimated in data-driven regions of interest: nonpersistent lesional tissue (lesional tissue at baseline, resolved at follow-up), lesions that only existed at follow-up (pre-lesional tissue at baseline, lesions at follow-up), persistent lesional tissue (lesions at baseline and follow-up), and NAWM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to NAWM, pre-lesional tissue showed lower ODI, and resolved lesional tissue showed higher FA and ADC and lower ODI and NDI. Over time, persistent lesional tissue showed a decrease in FA and ODI and an increase in NDI. Compared to nonpersistent lesional tissue, persistent lesional tissue showed higher ADC and lower NDI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DWI and, more particularly, NODDI, can reveal the unique microstructure of persistent, resolved, and pre-lesional tissue in MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subject-Based Transfer Learning in Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Segmentation","authors":"Sibaji Gaj,&nbsp;Bhaskar Thoomukuntla,&nbsp;Daniel Ontaneda,&nbsp;Kunio Nakamura","doi":"10.1111/jon.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate and consistent lesion segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging is required for longitudinal multiple sclerosis (MS) data analysis. In this work, we propose two new transfer learning-based pipelines to improve segmentation performance for subjects in longitudinal MS datasets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In general, transfer learning is used to improve deep learning model performance for the unseen dataset by fine-tuning a pretrained model with a limited number of labeled scans from the unseen dataset. The proposed methodologies fine-tune the deep learning model for each subject using the first scan and improve segmentation performance for later scans for the same subject. We also investigated the statistical benefits of the proposed methodology by modeling lesion volume over time between progressors according to confirmed disability progression and nonprogressors for a large in-house dataset (937 MS patients, 3210 scans) using a linear mixed effect (LME) model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show statistically significant improvement for the proposed methodology compared with the traditional transfer learning method using Dice (improvement: 2%), sensitivity (6%), and average volumetric difference (16%), as well as visual analysis for public and in-house datasets. The LME result showed that the proposed subject-wise transfer learning method had increased statistical power for the measurement of longitudinal lesion volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed method improved lesion segmentation performance and can reduce manual effort to correct the automatic segmentations for final data analysis in longitudinal studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetization Transfer Ratio in the Typically Developing Pediatric Spinal Cord: Normative Data and Age Correlation","authors":"Sara Naghizadeh Kashani,&nbsp;Iswarya Vel,&nbsp;Zahra Sadeghi Adl,&nbsp;Shiva Shahrampour,&nbsp;Devon Middleton,&nbsp;Mahdi Alizadeh,&nbsp;Laura Krisa,&nbsp;Scott Faro,&nbsp;Slimane Tounekti,&nbsp;Julien Cohen-Adad,&nbsp;Feroze B. Mohamed","doi":"10.1111/jon.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents automated atlas-based magnetization transfer (MT) measurements of the typically developing pediatric cervical spinal cord (SC). We report normative MT ratio (MTR) values from the whole cervical cord white matter (WM) and WM tracts, examining variations with age, sex, height, and weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MT scans of 33 healthy females (mean age = 12.8) and 22 males (mean age = 13.09) were acquired from the cervical SC (C2–C7) using a 3.0 T MRI. Data were processed using the SC Toolbox, segmented, and registered to the PAM50 template. Affine and non-rigid transformations co-registered the PAM50 WM atlas to subject-specific space. MTRs were measured for the specific WM tracts (left and right dorsal fasciculus gracilis, dorsal fasciculus cuneatus, and lateral corticospinal tracts [LCST]) and the whole WM. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and unpaired <i>t</i>-tests (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) assessed relationships with age, height, weight, and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Normative MTR measurements were obtained from all regions. The coefficients of variation were low to moderate. No significant differences (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) were found across all the cervical levels. However, significant sex differences were observed in whole WM (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and LCST (<i>p</i> = 0.03). MTR values correlated positively with age, with significant correlations at C5 (<i>r</i> = 0.3, <i>p</i> false discovery rate = 0.04). A decreasing trend in MTR values across levels was found for whole WM (<i>r</i> = −0.2, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides an understanding of MTR values in pediatric cervical SC and their variations by sex, age, height, and weight, providing a baseline for comparisons in pediatric SC diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical Considerations in the TCD Evaluation of Cerebral Circulatory Arrest in Death by Neurological Criteria","authors":"Alexandra S. Reynolds,&nbsp;Jimmy Suh,&nbsp;Ahmedyar Hasan,&nbsp;Parth Upadhyaya,&nbsp;Venkatakrishna Rajajee,&nbsp;Mohammad I. Hirzallah,&nbsp;David M. Greer,&nbsp;Aarti Sarwal,&nbsp;American Society of Neuroimaging Brain Death Task force","doi":"10.1111/jon.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ancillary testing is essential for diagnosing brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) when clinical determination (neurologic exam and apnea testing) cannot be fully or safely performed. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) has been recommended as an ancillary test; however, the technical descriptions have been heterogeneous. We aimed to consolidate the technical considerations related to the use of TCD as an ancillary test in the evaluation of BD/DNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a scoping review of the available literature from inception to December 2024. Articles describing TCD as an ancillary test for BD/DNC were included using appropriate Medical Subject Headings terms. The focus was on technical details and clinimetric properties of TCD (e.g., signal quality, frequency, gate, probe location, etc.). Technical categories were curated as full-text reviews were completed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We reviewed 181 articles to extract technical descriptions of TCD under several categories. Image acquisition was divided into machine-related factors (59 studies, four questions), exam-related aspects (82 studies, 13 questions), and patient anatomical factors (19 studies, three questions). Image interpretation concerns were addressed in 50 studies (three questions). Patient-related clinical factors affecting TCD utility were addressed in 44 studies (seven questions). Legislative priorities were discussed in 19 studies; in 13 studies, authors commented on their recommendations for research priorities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found significant inconsistencies and a lack of technical details described in the literature. Next steps include a national survey of current TCD protocols for BD/DNC evaluation, and an expert consensus guidelines report on the technical use of TCD as an ancillary test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16399,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neuroimaging","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jon.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}