脊柱和骶脊索瘤:影像学综述。

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Rebecca Choi, Jacob Schick, Sasicha Manupipatpong, Samuel Law, John Gross, Yuanxuan Xia, Daniel Lubelski, Kristin J. Redmond, Majid Khan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脊索瘤是一种罕见的恶性骨肿瘤,起源于脊索残余,主要影响骶骨、斜坡和脊柱。尽管其患病率较低,但由于其局部侵袭性,高复发率以及与其他肿瘤(如软骨肉瘤)的影像学相似,它们提出了重大的诊断和治疗挑战。成像技术的进步,特别是高分辨率磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描(CT),提高了脊索瘤可视化的能力,提高了手术计划的准确性。此外,新的成像方式,包括弥散加权成像和正电子发射断层扫描/CT,提供了更精确的诊断能力,尽管与其他类似病变的区分仍然很困难。组织学上,脊索瘤的特征是物理脂肪细胞和粘液样基质,brachyury基因在肿瘤发生中起关键作用,并作为潜在的治疗靶点。脊索瘤的病理生理和分子结构进一步使诊断和治疗复杂化。这篇综述检查了当前的影像学进展,诊断中的挑战,以及它们对临床管理的影响。它强调了结合各种成像方式的重要性,以提高诊断准确性,辅助手术切除计划,并减少复发。此外,它还讨论了对更有针对性的治疗和改进的成像技术的持续需求,以优化脊髓瘤治疗的患者结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spinal and Sacral Chordomas: Overview With Imaging Review

Spinal chordomas are rare, malignant bone tumors originating from notochordal remnants, primarily affecting the sacrum, clivus, and spine. Despite their low prevalence, they present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their local aggressiveness, high recurrence rate, and imaging similarities to other tumors, such as chondrosarcomas. Advances in imaging technologies, particularly high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT), have improved the ability to visualize chordomas and enhance the precision of surgical planning. Additionally, newer imaging modalities, including diffusion-weighted imaging and positron emission tomography/CT, offer more refined diagnostic capabilities, though differentiation from other similar lesions remains difficult. Histologically, chordomas are marked by physaliphorous cells and a myxoid stroma, with the brachyury gene playing a key role in tumorigenesis and serving as a potential therapeutic target. The pathophysiology and molecular landscape of chordomas further complicate diagnosis and treatment. This review examines the current state of imaging advancements, challenges in diagnosis, and their impact on clinical management. It highlights the importance of combining various imaging modalities to improve diagnostic accuracy, aid surgical resection planning, and reduce recurrence. Additionally, it discusses the ongoing need for more targeted therapies and improved imaging techniques to optimize patient outcomes in spinal chordoma management.

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来源期刊
Journal of Neuroimaging
Journal of Neuroimaging 医学-核医学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
117
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Start reading the Journal of Neuroimaging to learn the latest neurological imaging techniques. The peer-reviewed research is written in a practical clinical context, giving you the information you need on: MRI CT Carotid Ultrasound and TCD SPECT PET Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology Functional MRI Xenon CT and other new and upcoming neuroscientific modalities.The Journal of Neuroimaging addresses the full spectrum of human nervous system disease, including stroke, neoplasia, degenerating and demyelinating disease, epilepsy, tumors, lesions, infectious disease, cerebral vascular arterial diseases, toxic-metabolic disease, psychoses, dementias, heredo-familial disease, and trauma.Offering original research, review articles, case reports, neuroimaging CPCs, and evaluations of instruments and technology relevant to the nervous system, the Journal of Neuroimaging focuses on useful clinical developments and applications, tested techniques and interpretations, patient care, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Start reading today!
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