Seung Hoon Lim, Xiao-Yi Guo, Hyug-Gi Kim, Hak Cheol Ko, Soonchan Park, Chang-Woo Ryu, Geon-Ho Jahng
{"title":"Prediction of Hemifacial Spasm Re-Appearing Phenomenon after Microvascular Decompression Surgery in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm Using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging.","authors":"Seung Hoon Lim, Xiao-Yi Guo, Hyug-Gi Kim, Hak Cheol Ko, Soonchan Park, Chang-Woo Ryu, Geon-Ho Jahng","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is treated by a surgical procedure called microvascular decompression (MVD). However, HFS re-appearing phenomenon after surgery, presenting as early recurrence, is experienced by some patients after MVD. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and two analytical methods : receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and machine learning, were used to predict early recurrence in this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 60 patients who underwent MVD for HFS. They were divided into two groups : group A consisted of 32 patients who had early recurrence and group B consisted of 28 patients who had no early recurrence of HFS. DSC perfusion MRI was undergone by all patients before the surgery to obtain the several parameters. ROC curve and machine learning methods were used to predict early recurrence using these parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A had significantly lower relative cerebral blood flow than group B in most of the selected brain regions, as shown by the region-of-interest-based analysis. By combining three extraction fraction (EF) values at middle temporal gyrus, posterior cingulate, and brainstem, with age, using naive Bayes machine learning method, the best prediction model for early recurrence was obtained. This model had an area under the curve value of 0.845.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By combining EF values with age or sex using machine learning methods, DSC perfusion MRI can be used to predict early recurrence before MVD surgery. This may help neurosurgeons to identify patients who are at risk of HFS recurrence and provide appropriate postoperative care.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":"46-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141446357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Staribacher, Guenther C Feigl, Gavin Britz, Dzmitry Kuzmin
{"title":"Minimally Invasive Approaches in Reoperations after Conventional Craniotomies : Case Series.","authors":"Daniel Staribacher, Guenther C Feigl, Gavin Britz, Dzmitry Kuzmin","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0085","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Reoperations are part of neurosurgical practice. In these cases, an already formed craniotomy seems the most logical and appropriate. However, reoperations via large approaches can be quite traumatic for the patient. Then minimally invasive approaches, being less traumatic, can be a good alternative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe seven consecutive patients who underwent reoperations using minimally invasive approaches in the areas of conventional craniotomies. Surgical Theater® visualization platform was used for preoperative planning. The study evaluated the size of surgical approach, surgical efficacy, and the presence of complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The size of a minimally invasive craniotomy was significantly smaller than that of a conventional approach. The preoperative goals were achieved in all described cases. There were no complications in the early postoperative period. Although the anatomy of the operated brain region in reoperations is altered, keyhole approaches can be successfully used with the support of preoperative planning and intraoperative neuronavigation. Given that the goals of reoperations may differ from those of the primary surgery, and a large approach is more traumatic for the patient, minimally invasive craniotomy can be considered as a good alternative. The successful use of minimally invasive approaches in areas of conventional craniotomies reinforces the philosophy of keyhole neurosurgery. In cases where goals can be achieved using small approaches, it makes no sense to use large conventional ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Minimally invasive approaches can be successfully used during reoperations in patients after conventional craniotomies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Liu, Hongqi Li, Xiaolong Hu, Maohui Yan, Zhiguang Fu, Hengheng Zhang, Yingjie Wang, Nan Du
{"title":"Spermine Synthase : A Potential Prognostic Marker for Lower-Grade Gliomas.","authors":"Chen Liu, Hongqi Li, Xiaolong Hu, Maohui Yan, Zhiguang Fu, Hengheng Zhang, Yingjie Wang, Nan Du","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0080","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between spermine synthase (SMS) expression, tumor occurrence, and prognosis in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 523 LGG patients and 1152 normal brain tissues were included as controls. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to evaluate SMS expression in the LGG group. Functional annotation analysis was conducted to explore the biological processes associated with high SMS expression. Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed to examine the correlation between SMS expression and immune cell types. The association between SMS expression and clinical and pathological features was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of overexpressing or downregulating SMS on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and key proteins in the protein kinase B (AKT)/epithelialmesenchymal transition signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a significant upregulation of SMS expression in LGGs compared to normal brain tissues. High SMS expression was associated with certain clinical and pathological features, including older age, astrocytoma, higher World Health Organization grade, poor disease-specific survival, disease progression, non-1p/19q codeletion, and wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase. Cox regression analysis identified SMS as a risk factor for overall survival. Bioinformatics analysis showed enrichment of eosinophils, T cells, and macrophages in LGG samples, while proportions of dendritic (DC) cells, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) cells, and CD8+ T cells were decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High SMS expression in LGGs may promote tumor occurrence through cellular proliferation and modulation of immune cell infiltration. These findings suggest the prognostic value of SMS in predicting clinical outcomes for LGG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":"75-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Korean Neurotrauma Data Bank System and Report on the Results of the Second Project.","authors":"Ji-Na Kim, Ki Seong Eom","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0156","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In 2006, the Korean Neurotraumatology Society (KNTS) established the 1st Korean Neurotrauma Data Bank Committee (KNTDBC) and developed the Korean Neurotrauma Data Bank System (KNTDBS). Full-scale registration of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patient data began in September 2010. Since then, KNTS has conducted two trauma-related data registration projects and is now in its 5th term of the KNTDBC. This study aimed to introduce the KNTDBS of the KNTS and report the results of the second project.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2018 and June 2021, 1109 TBI patients were registered from 18 hospitals. The inclusion criteria were 1) patients who visited the hospital with TBI, 2) patients with severe TBI with a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 8 or lower, and 3) adult patients aged 19 years or older. Exclusion criteria were 1) patients under 18 years of age, 2) patients with a GCS score of 9 or higher, and 3) patients with a history of previous craniotomy or craniectomy. Data from the second project were registered into seven major categories : patient registration, neuroimaging, neuromonitoring, hypothermia, surgical treatment, medical treatment, and patient evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The characteristics of TBI patients in this study were not significantly different from those in previous studies, including the 1st project of KNTS. The GCS had a large number of severe patients with scores of 3 and 4, which was associated with the highest proportion of patients having bilateral pupils with unrecordable responses. Most TBI patients had severe or critical injuries (score 4 or 5) concentrated in the Abbreviated incentive scale head but had minor injuries to other regions of the body. Rotterdam computed tomography scores of 5 and 6 primarily indicated acute subdural hematomas. Surgical treatment was performed in 36.2% of all TBI cases. Most hospitals used levetiracetam and valproate as prophylactic antiepileptic drugs. Neuromonitoring, hypothermia, and coma therapy were not actively performed. The overall mortality rate was 33.3%, and among 740 survivors, 3.9% underwent shunt surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The creation of a database for TBI patient data facilitated the collection of objective and valid information on trauma. Utilizing data from the KNTDBS will significantly aid in the treatment and prevention of TBI and contribute to the improvement of healthcare in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outcomes of Acute Subdural Hematoma in Adults with a GCS Score of 3 : An Analysis from Five Regional Trauma Centers.","authors":"Ji-Na Kim, Ki Seong Eom","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0194","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acute Subdural Hematoma (A-SDH) in patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3 presents significant challenges in clinical decision-making owing to high mortality rates and the likelihood of severe disability. Here, we analyzed data to assess the number of surgical treatments and overall treatment outcomes for patients with A-SDH admitted in a comatose state and discussed the value of such aggressive surgical interventions based on these findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from five regional trauma centers in Korea registered with the Korean Neurotrauma Data Bank System. This study included adult patients (aged ≥19 years) admitted between January 2018 and June 2021 to a comatose state due to A-SDH. Patients were classified into death and survivor groups based on their outcomes, and their demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics were compared. Additionally, Patients were divided into a combined group of deaths and vegetative state survivors and a group of remaining survivors to compare the differences and assess the impact of death and vegetative state.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 109 patients, the mean age was 59.28 years, and the mortality rate was 80.7%. Among the 21 survivors, 12 (57.1%) remained vegetative. Surgical treatment was performed in 42 patients (38.5%), resulting in a lower mortality rate (64.3%) than conservative treatment (91.0%). However, the rate of the vegetative state was higher in the surgical group (21.4%) than in the conservative group (4.5%). Pupil reactivity was a significant predictor, with mortality rates of 44.4%, 57.1 %, and 85.9% for reactive, unilaterally unreactive, and bilaterally unreactive pupils, respectively. The surgical group had a significantly longer hospital stay (23.69±29.15 days) compared to the conservative group (6.45±13.75 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is time to go one step further from death with the dignity law and have a comprehensive consideration and social consensus on 'how to end life.' A model that can more accurately predict situations in which decompressive surgery should be considered for patients in a comatose state due to A-SDH is required. Neurosurgeons must have a comprehensive understanding of the patient's progress, the anticipated prognosis, and the various financial and psychological burdens on the family and must be able to communicate this information thoroughly.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case of Anterior Cingulotomy for Intractable Pain Caused Thalamic Glioma.","authors":"Kostiantyn Kostiuk, Davyd Tevzadze","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2024.0148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy, including lesions in the anterior and midcingulate cortex, is one of the methods used for treating thalamic pain syndrome. In cases of non-ischemic thalamic lesions, simultaneous stereotactic biopsy of the lesion can be performed in combination with cingulotomy. In this paper we present a case of a 45-year-old male with a lesion in the right thalamus, causing a severe contralateral hemi-pain syndrome. Bilateral radiofrequency anterior cingulotomy and stereotactic biopsy were performed during a single surgery. Pain completely subsided within a few days following the anterior cingulotomy. Histological examination identified a diffuse astrocytoma (WHO grade II, ICD-O 9400/3), and the patient was subsequently referred for LINAC-based radiosurgery. The pain syndrome was controlled for 4 years, after which the pain syndrome returned with an increase in tumor size. Simultaneous anterior cingulotomy and stereotactic biopsy of the thalamic lesion represent a safe intervention for thalamic pain syndrome, enabling the alleviation of pain, verification of the lesion's etiology, and the application of appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeseon Lee, Sijoon Lee, Seung Yun Yang, Dong Hwan Kim, Mahnjeong Ha, Kyoung Hyup Nam
{"title":"Degradation Pattern of a Biodegradable and Photocurable Sealants Based on Hyaluronic Acid : A Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Observational Study in Rat Craniectomy Model.","authors":"Hyeseon Lee, Sijoon Lee, Seung Yun Yang, Dong Hwan Kim, Mahnjeong Ha, Kyoung Hyup Nam","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2024.0138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is evaluating in vivo degradation of photocrosslinkable hyaluronic acid (HA)-based dural sealant (HA photosealant) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological analysis to assess its biodegradability and effectiveness in preventing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HA photosealants were applied to the incised dura in a rat craniectomy and durotomy. The HA photosealant quickly seal the wound upon low-energy visible light exposure (405 nm, < 5 s, < 1 J/cm2). The degradation of HA photosealants was tracked through serial MRI scans at 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-application. The remaining area of HA photosealants on the dura was measured using image processing program for volumetric analysis. Additionally, histopathological analyses were performed to evaluate the biocompatibility and effectiveness of the dural repair.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MRI and histopathological analyses showed that the HA photosealants achieved progressive degradation while successfully preventing CSF leakage without any adverse tissue reactions. The residual area of HA photosealants measured at 2 weeks ranged from 41.36% to 94.88%, with an average of 66.57%. At 4 weeks, a more distinct degradation pattern was observed compared to 2 weeks, showing a residual area of 10.28% to 56.12%. The HA photosealants maintained structural integrity until dural regeneration was complete.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HA photosealant showed gradual degradation in vivo while maintaining mechanical strength until the dura was repaired for preventing CSF leakage without inflammation and toxicity. HA photosealant has great potentials for clinical application for dural repair with biodegradable properties and biocompatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Associated Factors with Neck Pain among Productive Adult Motorcyclists in Metropolitan University Settings : A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Feda Anisah Makkiyah, Keishia Natashia, Melly Kristanti, Diana Agustini Purwaningastuti","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2024.0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder frequently experienced by motorbike riders and stands as a leading cause of high disability rates globally. Research on neck pain among motorcyclist in metropolitan universities remains limited. However, given the rising population of urban motorcyclists, identifying factors contributing to neck pain becomes increasingly crucial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional, observational analytic study utilizing convenience sampling method that included 421 study respondents. Demographics, motorcycle riding habits, perceived stress, and neck pain history were collected using a questionnaire which was then analyzed statistically applying Chi-Square Test, Spearman's Rank, and Logistic Regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-thirds (67%) of motorcycle riders in productive age report history of neck pain. Logistic regression analysis discovers that occupations as lecturers or teaching staff (OR = 3,940; 95% CI = 1,193 - 13,007; p-value = 0,024) and daily sleep duration of less than 7 hours per day (OR = 1,774; 95% CI = 1,094 - 2,875; p-value = 0,020) is a contributing factor for the occurrence of neck pain among productive adult motorcyclist in metropolitan university settings with age, marital status, and daily commuting distance as confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neck pain is a common complaint among productive adult motorcyclists. In our university, occupational factors and daily sleep duration pose as risk factors for neck pain in this demographic. It is crucial for both productive adult motorbike riders and healthcare professionals to identify and address these risk factors according to established guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142729658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Successive Development and Rupture of Blister-Like Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms at Mirror Locations.","authors":"Myungsoo Kim, Jaechan Park","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0069","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the first report of the successive development and rupture of blister-like anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms at mirror locations with a short interval. A 49-year-old man presented with an angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage with significant basal frontal interhemispheric blood. Surgical exploration revealed a blister-like aneurysm on the left side of the superior wall of the ACoA, which was treated using a microsuturing technique. On the 18th day after the initial subarachnoid hemorrhage, the second operation due to another angiogram-negative hemorrhage revealed a de novo blister-like aneurysm with a small blood clot on the posterosuperior wall of the ACoA close to the right A1/A2 junction. The rupture point and ACoA on the right side were occluded using an aneurysm clip. Follow-up digital subtraction angiogram at 4 years and computed tomography angiogram at 14 years after the surgery showed no recurrence or associated abnormality.</p>","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":" ","pages":"675-681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editors' Pick in November 2024.","authors":"Bum-Tae Kim","doi":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0190","DOIUrl":"10.3340/jkns.2024.0190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16283,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society","volume":"67 6","pages":"593-594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}