Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"Association between air pollutants particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ground-level ozone (O3) and hypertension","authors":"Sultan Ayoub Meo ,&nbsp;Narmeen Shaikh ,&nbsp;Metib Alotaibi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Air pollution causes numerous debilitating diseases and premature deaths. This study explores the relationship between air pollutants particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), volatile organic compounds (VOC), ground-level ozone (O₃) and hypertension (HTN).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The air pollutants and hypertension data were recorded from the “Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.” We searched the data using the keywords on exposure (air pollutants) and outcome (hypertension). Primarily, 108 documents were selected, and after studying the summaries and complete articles, 28 studies were selected for analysis and discussion. The impact of air pollutants on hypertension was investigated through a compilation of 28 studies, from multiple countries, encompassing a total sample size of 2,540,441.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Increased exposure to environmental pollutants PM_2.5 (OR = 1.05; 95 % CI:1.02, 1.08; p &lt; 0.01); PM₁₀ (OR = 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.04, 1.49; p = 0.02); NO₂ (OR = 1.12; 95 % CI: 1.01, 1.25; p = 0.04); SO₂ (OR = 1.17; 95 % CI:1.04, 1.31; p = 0.02); and VOCs (OR = 2.45;95 % CI:1.36, 4,41; p = 0.01) were significantly associated with increased incidence of HTN. However, O₃ exposure was positive but not significantly linked with an elevated risk of HTN (OR = 1.35; 95 % CI: 0.67, 2,72; p = 0.27).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Air pollutants PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, and VOC positively and significantly enhanced the risk of hypertension. Environmental pollutants-reducing policies could be a dynamic planned approach to lessen cardiovascular risks in global populations. The strategies such as emission controls, promotion of clean energy sources, and transportation policies, that directly impact air pollution levels will have direct implications on cardiovascular health and decrease the overall occurrence of hypertension in the global population. Additionally, public health campaigns to promote cardiovascular health should incorporate education about the risk of air pollution exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, toxicity prediction, computational investigation, and molecular docking studies of 2-thiophenecarbonitrile","authors":"Vaithilingam Sasikala ,&nbsp;Vadivelu Balachandran ,&nbsp;Natarajan Elangovan ,&nbsp;Sinouvassane Djearamane ,&nbsp;Natarajan Arumugam ,&nbsp;Ling Shing Wong ,&nbsp;Saminathan Kayarohanam","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular docking are pivotal computational techniques in modern chemistry and drug design. This work investigates the electronic structure and reactivity of 2-thiophenecarbonitrile (2TCN) with an emphasis on important factors such as HOMO-LUMO energy gap, MEP, Mulliken atomic charges, natural population analysis, and Mutiwfn (ELF, LOL, ALIE, and RDG) analysis. The MEP and FMO studies were calculated in various solvents like acetonitrile, water, gas, and methanol. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant investigations revealed substantial activities by 2TCN. Additionally, molecular docking studies are performed to elucidate the binding interaction between the compound and target proteins, providing insights into its potential therapeutic mechanisms. The results demonstrate the binding energies, interaction residues, and the most favorable docking poses. This approach underscores the integration of theoretical and computational methods in advancing molecule design and therapeutic discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in antioxidants and nutritional properties during germination of soybean","authors":"Nouh M. Saleh ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Zahran ,&nbsp;Ali A. Metwalli ,&nbsp;Ezzat M. Awad ,&nbsp;Hossam Ebiad ,&nbsp;Jameel Al-Tamimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybeans are a valuable source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, their nutritional quality can be limited by the presence of antinutrients, such as phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors. Germination is a natural process that can enhance the nutritional value of legumes by reducing antinutrients and increasing the bioavailability of nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soaking and germination on the antioxidant and nutritional attributes of soybean. Results showed that the germination process led to a significant increase (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the content of phenolic, flavonoids, and antioxidat activity (%) compounds following the 72-hour germination compared to samples from ungerminated soybeans. Strong correlations were concluded between antioxidant activity and total phenolic (R² 0.92), flavonoids (R² 0.82), and ascorbic acid (R² 0.99). The germination process also enhanced proteases activities, lipase activity, and protein digestibility. Concurrently, there was a significant reduction in phytic acid from 99.20 ± 2.56 to 73.39 ± 0.85, mg/100 g as well as trypsin inhibitors from 5.73 ± 0.116 to 2.91 ± 0.126 mg/g. Germination led to these alterations contributed to an enhancement in the antioxidant and nutritional characteristics of soybean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardioprotective potential of sakuranetin to counteract polyethylene microplastics induced cardiotoxicity","authors":"Nazia Ehsan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Gulfam ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar ,&nbsp;Moazama Batool ,&nbsp;Mohammad Z. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mian Nadeem Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene microplastics (PEMPs) are toxic environmental contaminants which can impair multiple organs including heart. Sakuranetin (SKN) is a potential flavonoid with diverse pharmacological benefits. This research was undertaken to analyze the defensive impact of SKN to avert PEMPs-induced cardiotoxicity. 24 male albino rats were randomly allocated into 4 separate groups: control, PEMPs (1.5 mg kg⁻¹), PEMPs + SKN (1.5 mg kg⁻¹ + 10 mg kg⁻¹) and only SKN (10 mg kg⁻¹) treated group. After 30 days of treatment, our results revealed that PEMPs exposure reduced the expressions of Nrf2 and antioxidant genes while increasing Keap1 expression. Besides, PEMPs intoxication escalated the levels of cardiac markers (CPK, LDH, Troponin I &amp; CK-MB). Additionally, it lessened the activities of GSH, GST, SOD, HO-1, CAT, GSR, GPx whereas the levels of MDA and ROS were increased. Conversely, the levels of inflammatory markers i.e., COX-2 activity IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-kB &amp; IL-6 were augmented. Moreover, the expressions of apoptotic markers i.e., Bax and caspase-3 were elevated while the Bcl-2 expression was decreased. However, SKN treatment significantly restored the PEMPs-induced biochemical dysregulations. Therefore, SKN could be used as a therapeutic compound to ameliorate PEMPs-induced cardiac impairments in rats, possibly due to its tremendous pharmacotherapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into the diversity of mango cultivars in Saudi Arabia: Fluorescent SSR marker analysis","authors":"Fatmah Ahmed Safhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study presents a comprehensive genetic analysis of twelve mango cultivars from Saudi Arabia, investigating their genetic diversity, population structure, and potential loci under selection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing ten SSR loci, we conducted a thorough assessment of allele variation, revealing diverse patterns across loci and defined genetic diversity among cultivars.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Notably, certain loci exhibited extensive allele diversity, with Loci M02 and M06 displaying five and seven alleles, respectively, while others showed more limited profiles, such as Locus M01 with only two alleles. Surprisingly, clustering patterns based on genetic relatedness did not consistently align with anticipated geographic groupings, suggesting additional factors influencing genetic structure beyond geography. Further analysis of allele sharing provided insights into the genetic relatedness among cultivars, highlighting both close genetic affinities and significant divergence. Subsequent Allele Sharing Matrix analysis unveiled sub-clustering within clusters, revealing finer-scale genetic structures within the population. Assessment of genetic differentiation using Analysis of Molecular Variance demonstrated significant variations among clusters and individuals, with variations among clusters ranging from 3% to 53%. Additionally, testing for loci under selection identified potential markers, such as locus M11, with observed heterozygosity greater than expected (1.024) and a relatively low observed FST value of 0.2695.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, our findings contribute to the characterization of mango genetic resources in Saudi Arabia, providing crucial information for breeding programs, germplasm conservation efforts, and agricultural practices. By leveraging advanced genomic technologies and interdisciplinary collaborations, future research can delve deeper into the genetic basis of adaptive traits and agronomic characteristics, paving the way for innovative strategies to enhance mango production and sustainability in Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidants-induced high levels of nitric oxide impair the antioxidative property of molybdenum nanoparticles in HUVE cells","authors":"Mohd Javed Akhtar ,&nbsp;Maqusood Ahamed ,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar ,&nbsp;Rashid Lateef ,&nbsp;Zabn Alaizeri ,&nbsp;Hisham Alhadlaq ,&nbsp;Pavan Rajanahalli","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been significant interest in the biomedical potential of redox-active molybdenum nanoparticles (Mo NPs) due to their varied responses from oxidative to antioxidative. Our knowledge of the bio-response of Mo NPs in endothelial cells is lacking. We, therefore, are prompted to examine the biocompatibility of well-characterized Mo NPs in human endothelial (HUVE) cells and their potential antioxidative response against standard oxidants- <em>tert</em>-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The study found that Mo NPs were highly biocompatible in HUVE cells and enhanced cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH), significantly protecting cells against exogenous oxidants. Moreover, Mo NPs significantly restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) determined by the Rh123 probe. They decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as measured by DHE and DCFH-DA probes. In light of Mo involvement in the nitric oxide (NO) metabolism and dependency of HUVE cells on NO signaling, intracellular NO was determined using DAR-2 fluorescent dye and the Griess assay. NO was not produced significantly by Mo NPs alone or t-BHP or H₂O₂. However, NO generation was significantly high when HUVE cells were co-exposed with Mo NPs and exogenous oxidants. Although the exact mechanism is unclear to us, our study concludes that the enhanced generation of NO under the co-exposure of oxidants with Mo NPs can impair the potential antioxidative property of Mo NPs, especially in endothelial cells. The study also suggests that NO modulatory strategies can improve and broaden the antioxidative properties of Mo-based nanoparticles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological traits and stress indices reveal divergence in early-stage salt stress response in elite soybean germplasm","authors":"Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Haris Khurshid ,&nbsp;Malik Ashiq Rabbani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jahanzaib ,&nbsp;Sahir Hameed Khattak ,&nbsp;Ihsan Ullah ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abul Farah ,&nbsp;Rattandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Luhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the salt stress response of seventy soybean genotypes by exposing seedlings to sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations of 0, 75, 100, and 125 mM. Salinity stress significantly reduced root length, shoot length, fresh and dry root/shoot weight, and root/shoot ratio. A total of 62 genotypes germinated at 125 mM, showing significant phenotypic variation in traits such as root length, shoot length, fresh shoot weight, and dry shoot weight. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between most morpho-physiological traits, suggesting their interdependence. Eight salinity tolerance indices i.e., Fresh Weight Stress Tolerance Index (FWSI), Dry Weight Stress Tolerance Index (DWSI), Root Length Salinity Index (RLSI), Shoot Length Salinity Index (SLSI), Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), Salinity Susceptibility Index (SSI), Tolerance Index (TI), and Percent Reduction (PR) were calculated to assess genotypes response. Na⁺ concentration and antioxidant activities significantly increased under salt stress compared to the control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, as well as the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H₂O₂ and O₂⁻, were markedly higher under salt stress compared to the control. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped genotypes into six clusters, with clusters V and VI comprising genotypes exhibiting higher salt tolerance based on high FWSI, DWSI, and STI values, and low PR, SSI, and TI values. Eight salinity tolerance indices, including Fresh Weight Stress Tolerance Index (FWSI), Dry Weight Stress Tolerance Index (DWSI), Root Length Salinity Index (RLSI), and Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), were used to evaluate the genotypes’ responses. The study revealed that the average FWSI value for all genotypes under treatments was 54.20 ± 12.93. The highest FWSI was recorded for the genotype Black (92.52), followed by NIBGE-224 (84.70) and NIBGE-183 (81.05). In contrast, Malakand-96 had the lowest FWSI (28.49), followed by SPS-10 (32.74) and SPS-08 (34.55). PGRA-91 had the highest STI (0.83), followed by SPS-9 (0.75) and NIBGE-115 (0.72), while NIBGE-335, SPS-24, and Malakand-96 had the lowest STI values. Positive correlations were observed between root length and shoot length (0.69**), shoot length and fresh shoot weight (0.63**), and other related traits. Overall, this study identified promising soybean genotypes with varying degrees of salt tolerance. These findings can be utilized in breeding programs to develop salt-tolerant soybean varieties for salinity-affected agricultural lands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification, characterization and molecular docking studies of analogous alpha amylase inhibitor compounds","authors":"Lovepreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Rattandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Ashish Suttee ,&nbsp;Mohammad Raish","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A large number of protein inhibitors are found in higher plants, cereals and legumes. These inhibitors are helpful in the prevention as well as medical treatment of metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes. Basically, the diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that occurs either due to inadequate insulin secretions or when body fails to utilize the produced insulin. The alpha amylase inhibitors are termed as starch blockers. They catalyze the hydrolysis of α-(1,4)-D-glycosidic linkages of starch and other glucose polymer. They play a significant role in inhibition of the activity of salivary and pancreatic amylase in vitro and in vivo.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The present study was based on the purification, characterization and molecular docking studies of the alpha amylase inhibitor isolated from the kidney bean sample. The seed sample was collected from G.B. Pant Nagar University. The crude extract was prepared, the in-vitro studies and heat stability were determined. Following it, purification was carried out using ammonium sulphate precipitation and size exclusion chromatography was done. Later, characterization and molecular docking studies of the purified sample was done after obtaining GC–MS results.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The in-vitro analysis was done and noted that the inhibitory activity was 96.5 ± 0.84 % post size exclusion chromatography. The molecular weight was about 54 kDa. The molecular docking studies revealed that there were interactions between the ligand molecules (the constituents that were selected from the GC–MS chromatogram peaks based on the height and area) and the human pancreatic alpha amylase (1HNY). The hydrogen bonding as affinity binding capacity was also been observed in each of the ligand–protein interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>From the tests, it has been elucidated that the alpha amylase inhibitor isolated from the sample has a great potential to serve as an anti-diabetic drug. However, in order to check the potential effects and to explore the optimization and development of the anti-diabetic drug the in-vivo studies can also be done further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical study of Ambaji − Sendra granitoids and mafic dykes from the South Delhi fold belt, NW Indian shield: Implications for magma generation, emplacement and geodynamic evolution","authors":"Saima Rahman ,&nbsp;M. Shamim Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Fnais ,&nbsp;Tavheed Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive account of geochemical data on the granitoids of Ambaji-Sendra Terrain and associated mafic dykes. These granitoids, interpreted as S–type, I-type and A-type, lack a consensual interpretation probably due to the study of only those rocks which are exposed in Sendra region. We identified that these granitoids are A-type (A2- subtype) granites. There are two petrogenetic groups of the granitoids having exclusive crustal and crust-mantle interactive origins which are supported by their mineralogy and structure. The associated dykes also display two distinct geochemical groups one with within-plate character and other with typical arc signatures. Whole body of evidence suggests that magma for the granitoids and dykes was generated during the closure of Delhi Ocean. The simultaneous emplacement of granitoids started during subduction process and culminated after the collision or/ accretion of Delhi arc with eastern crustal block, consequent to the Rodinian assembly mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-ablative laser skin rejuvenation by targeting indigenous chromophores","authors":"Muna B. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Walid K. Hamoudi ,&nbsp;Khawla S. Khashan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three pulsed laser systems: 980 nm semiconductor diode laser, 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser and long pulse- fractional 2940 nm pulsed Er: YAG were used to treat some non-ablative skin rejuvenation applications. These three wavelengths can target the three main indigenous chromophores (melanin, hemoglobin and water) of the skin to treat different skin disorders. The efficacy of these lasers was assessed in the treatment of age spots, enlarged veins and wrinkles. The chromophore type and location of a specific disorder was taken into consideration when working out, in advance, the required laser fluence. The absorption of laser photons and the reabsorbed photon scattering were calculated and used to work out the temperature rise in the targeted tissue. The results indicated very good outcome of age spots with 980 nm laser, excellent clearance of the varicose veins with the use of 1064 nm laser and very good smoothing of fine lines wrinkles on forehead. Advances may involve conducting wavelengths or developing customizable protocols for different skin types. Long-term studies on patient outcomes to help establish standardized protocols and improve efficacy in clinical uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}