Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"Copper and chromium binding by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA01 for implications of heavy metal detoxification and soil remediation: A computational approach","authors":"Shanmuga Priya Ramasamy ,&nbsp;Priya Sundararajan ,&nbsp;Muthukrishnan Pallikondaperumal ,&nbsp;Ponmurugan Karuppiah ,&nbsp;Saminathan Kayarohanam ,&nbsp;Natarajan Arumugam ,&nbsp;Ling Shing Wong ,&nbsp;Sinouvassane Djearamane","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal pollution poses significant environmental and health risks due to the toxic effects of metals like copper and chromium at elevated concentrations. Despite their essential roles in trace amounts, these metals can be highly toxic. Bacteria such as<!--> <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> <!-->are promising candidates for bioremediation due to their robustness and adaptability.<!--> <!-->The objective of this study was to analyze and identify potential copper and chromium binding genes involved in metal detoxification in<!--> <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> <!-->PA01. The heavy metal binding protein identified as ferredoxin using MALDI-TOF/PMF-MS analysis was further characterized. The structure of the ferredoxin protein was elucidated using the SWISS-MODEL tool. Metal-binding domains were validated through a pattern search against UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL databases using the ScanProsite tool. Comparative sequence alignments were conducted between the copper-binding NosD gene of<!--> <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, the ferredoxin gene of<!--> <em>P. aeruginosa</em> <!-->PA01, and the chromium-binding iron hydrogenase 1 gene of<!--> <em>Clostridium chromiireducens</em>. The SWISS-MODEL analysis revealed alpha helices and beta sheets with key metal-coordinating amino acids (cysteine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, histidine, and methionine). The ScanProsite tool confirmed the presence of a 4Fe-4S ferredoxin-type iron-sulphur binding domain essential for coordinating chromium and copper ions. Sequence alignments showed a 64.29 % similarity between the NosD gene and ferredoxin gene, and a 67 % identity between the iron hydrogenase 1 gene and ferredoxin gene, with correlations in amino acid residues involved in metal binding. These findings suggest that the ferredoxin gene could effectively bind heavy metal ions, offering potential applications in bioremediation of metal-polluted soils using<!--> <em>Pseudomonas</em> <!-->species. This study contributes to sustainable agricultural productivity by facilitating the targeted remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils through biological means.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorimetric detection of anionic surfactant using polydiacetylene/zinc (II)/zinc oxide nanocomposites with unique yellow-to-red color transition","authors":"Watsapon Yimkaew ,&nbsp;Johannes Allwang ,&nbsp;Christine M. Papadakis ,&nbsp;Rakchart Traiphol ,&nbsp;Nisanart Traiphol","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) have extensively received attention as colorimetric sensors because of their stimulus-responsive properties. This contribution presents a simple technique to modify polydiacetylene/zinc (II) ion/zinc oxide (PDA/Zn²⁺/ZnO) nanocomposites for colorimetric detection of an anionic surfactant. Incorporation of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into the nanocomposite structure is achieved through a simple mixing process in an aqueous medium. Interestingly, the resultant PDA/Zn²⁺/ZnO-CTAB sensors exhibit a unique yellow-to-red color change in response to the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Furthermore, the colorimetric detection of SDS at different concentrations can be achieved by varying the added CTAB concentrations. The detectable concentration range of SDS in this study extends from 0.3 to 7 mM. Our study offers a simple and low-cost method to fabricate colorimetric sensors for anionic surfactant detection using PDA materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Interferon-stimulated gene (ISG12a) suppresses hepatitis B virus replication in Huh 7 cells line” [J. King Saud Univ. Sci. 36(9) (2024) 103377]","authors":"Hafiz Ullah ,&nbsp;Amin Ullah ,&nbsp;Hadia Gul ,&nbsp;Rahat Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Junaid Ahmad ,&nbsp;Rafa Almeer ,&nbsp;Khurshid Alam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ayaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ajmal Khan ,&nbsp;Zafar Abbass Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-based herbal Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) for pre-eclampsia: A histological study on placental and blood changes","authors":"Leo Jumadi Simanjuntak ,&nbsp;Cheryl Grace Pratiwi Rumahorbo","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em>, a medicinal plant native to Indonesia, can potentially manage oxidative stress and inflammation—key factors in pre-eclampsia. This study investigates its efficacy as a complementary therapy for pre-eclampsia.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Sixty Wistar rats (30 male, 30 females; 120–180 g) were housed at Universitas Sumatera Utara. After a two-week acclimatization, confirmed pregnant female rats were divided into six groups: C- (normal), C+ (pre-eclampsia, untreated), C1 (Nifedipine 10 mg/kg BW), T1 (Mahkota Dewa 180 mg/kg BW), T2 (360 mg/kg BW), and T3 (720 mg/kg BW). Treatment groups received daily injections of Prednisone (1.5 mg/kg BW) and 6 % NaCl for 14 days. Pre-eclampsia was confirmed with blood pressure readings of 140/90 mmHg. Blood samples were analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), VEGF, and sFlt-1. Placental samples were assessed for caspase-3, −8, and −10 expression using immunohistochemistry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nano-herbal formulation significantly reduced oxidative stress (lower MDA, higher SOD), restored angiogenic balance (lower sFlt-1, higher VEGF), and decreased apoptosis markers (caspase-3, −8, −10).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nano-herbal Mahkota Dewa shows promise as a therapeutic option for pre-eclampsia. It effectively reduces oxidative stress, improves angiogenic balance, and provides protection against placental apoptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable nanoparticles of Non-Zero-valent iron (nZVI) production from various biological wastes","authors":"T. Sathish ,&nbsp;Jolly Masih ,&nbsp;Anirudh Gupta ,&nbsp;Anuj Kumar ,&nbsp;L. Raja ,&nbsp;Vikash Singh ,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Al-Enizi ,&nbsp;Bidhan Pandit ,&nbsp;Manish Gupta ,&nbsp;N. Senthilkumar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Yusuf","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the growing importance of biological wastes (such as leaves from pomegranate, green tea, oak, lemon, orange, peach, kiwi, and neem) based iron nanoparticles over the past ten years and their applications in the environment, it is important to investigate new methods for nanoparticle production. Significant research has been conducted in this field as synthesizing these materials now requires careful consideration of green chemistry principles, minimization of disposal, cleaner solvents, energy efficiency, and caring precursor ingredients. The goal of this work is to evaluate the characteristics of environmentally friendly, sustainable non-zero-valent Iron (nZVI) nanoparticle production<!--> <!-->from different tree’s’ leaves. The requirements required for a product for environmental cleanup were taken into consideration when examining size, form, reactivity, and aggregation propensity. Three categories can be formed from the results of extracts in terms of antioxidant measurements (reported concentration of Fe (II)): &gt;60 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L to 40 mmol/L, and 2 mmol/L to 5 mmol/L. Neem, oak, and green tea leaves yield the highest effects when compared to other tree leaves. It is possible to inject a different emulsion into the contaminated zone that contains nZVI, vegetable oil, and water. The best leaf extracts and operating conditions for generating sustainable nanoparticles from the bio-wastes of plant leaves must be chosen in order to use green nZVIs in environmental cleanup. These environmentally friendly nZVI nanoparticles can be used to treat impure waters to get rid of heavy metals and can use<!--> <!-->as an emulsion for paints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Merging from traditional to potential novel breast cancer biomarkers","authors":"Hanan Alismail","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer biomarkers are the main player in decision-making in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are well-known in breast cancer management. Additionally, the Ki-67 protein is used as a tumor proliferation indicator to asses the cancer aggressiveness. Recently, the field has been rapidly integrating novel biomarkers to develop precise, personalized with high effectiveness in patient care. A group of merging biomarkers, including genomic and transcriptomic signatures, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-L1, all showed promising toward revealing tumor behavior, treatment response, and potential metastatic spread. microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are merging as new potential diagnostic tools. All mentioned merging innovative biomarkers showed promising results, yet challenges remain in their validation, standardization, and integration into routine clinical practice. This review will highlight the transition from traditional to novel strategies, developing more effective treatments that improve breast cancer patients’ outcomes and survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term wind power prediction based on IBOA-AdaBoost-RVM","authors":"Yongliang Yuan ,&nbsp;Qingkang Yang ,&nbsp;Jianji Ren ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Li ,&nbsp;Zhenxi Wang ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Wu Zhao ,&nbsp;Haiqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an innovative model, namely IBOA-AdaBoost-RVM, which leverages the Improved Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (IBOA), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM). This model is used to solve the problem of low precision of wind power prediction. Initially, normalization is applied to reduce the influence of varying data dimensions. Subsequently, input variables are determined through the Pearson correlation method. Lastly, the efficacy of the introduced model is assessed across four distinct seasonal monthly data sets. The observed outcomes indicate that the proposed model outperforms other models in terms of evaluation metrics, with the average <em>R²</em>, <em>RMSE</em>, <em>MAE</em>, and <em>MAPE</em> values across the four datasets being 0.954, 10.403, 7.032, and 0.645, respectively, show that the proposed method has potential in the field of wind power prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of heat generation on MHD Maxwell fluid flow on a stretching cylinder embedded in a porous medium along with impact of radiation","authors":"Umadevi Raj ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Sagadevan ,&nbsp;Nazek Alessa","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the critical problem of understanding Maxwell fluids’ thermal and flow behavior in the occurrence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), radiation, and heat generation over a stretching cylinder, which is of significant importance in various industrial applications such as polymer processing and heat exchangers. The novelty of this work lies in its detailed exploration of the curvature parameter (<em>α_e</em>) and its influence on the flow dynamics, extending beyond the scope of previous literature. The governing equations, incorporating the impacts of MHD, radiation, and heat generation, are derived and subsequently simplified using similarity transformations to convert them into ordinary differential equations. These equations are then solved numerically via the bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The results are presented through tables and graphical representations to deliver clear insights into the behavior of key non-dimensional parameters. Quantitative findings reveal that the temperature profile of the fluid increases with higher heat generation and radiation, with specific enhancements observed on both flat plates (curvature parameter <em>α_e</em> = 0) and cylindrical surfaces (<em>α_e</em> = 1). Our results are consistent with existing studies, validating the robustness of our numerical approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing structure-property models of three general graphical indices for thermodynamic properties of benzenoid hydrocarbons","authors":"Suha Wazzan ,&nbsp;Sakander Hayat ,&nbsp;Wafi Ismail","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103541","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cheminformatics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles of chemistry, computer science, and information technology to process, store, analyze, and interpret chemical data. One area of cheminformatics is quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) modeling which is a computational approach that correlates the structural attributes of chemical compounds with their physical, chemical, or biological properties to predict the behavior and characteristics of new or untested compounds. Structure descriptors deliver contemporary mathematical tools required for QSPR modeling. One of a significant class of such descriptors is graph-based descriptors known as graphical descriptors. A degree-based graphical descriptor/invariant of a &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;υ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-vertex graph &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; has a general structure &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∑&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∈&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mfenced&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfenced&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, where &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is bivariate symmetric map, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is the degree of vertex &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∈&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. For &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∈&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∖&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;{&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;}&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, if &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; (resp. &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;i&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;deg&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;j&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, then &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is called","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the role of exogenously-applied vanillic acid in regulating drought stress tolerance in pea (Pisum sativum L.): Key growth and physio-biochemical attributes","authors":"Abdul Rahman ,&nbsp;Nudrat Aisha Akram ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ashraf ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli ,&nbsp;Parvaiz Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the impact of exogenously applied vanillic acid (VA) in mitigating the adverse effects of drought stress, a greenhouse experiment was conducted on pea plants (<em>Pisum sativum</em> L.). The pea seeds were primed for 14 h in varying concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 mM) of VA Then, thirty-five days old pea plants were subjected to control (100 % field capacity) and water deficit conditions (60 % F.C.). After thirty days of water stress treatments, the data showed a notable reduction in shoot and root fresh and dry weights, shoot and root lengths, and chlorophyll contents. While, water deficit stress led to an increase in leaf free proline, total phenolics, glycinebetaine (GB), ascorbic acid AsA) as well as the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes. We observed that seed priming with various concentrations of vanillic acid resulted in significant enhancement in shoot and root fresh and dry weights, shoot and root lengths, chlorophyll contents, proline, total phenolics, GB, AsA and the activities of POD, SOD and CAT enzymes of pea plants. Of varying concentrations of VA, 2.0 and 4.0 mM VA were more effective in improving the plant morphology and physio-biochemical metabolites of pea plants. So the results of the present study suggested that the improvement in growth and different physio-biochemical characteristics can be attributed to the VA-induced upregulation of osmoprotection and oxidative defense system of pea plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}