Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"Nickel toxicology testing in alternative specimen from farm ruminants in a urban polluted environment","authors":"Zafar Iqbal Khan ,&nbsp;Fatima Ghulam Muhammad ,&nbsp;Kafeel Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mona S. Alwahibi ,&nbsp;Hsi-Hsien Yang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ishfaq ,&nbsp;Sumaira Anjum ,&nbsp;Kishwar Ali ,&nbsp;Khalid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Emanuele Radicetti ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of nickel (Ni) metal toxicity, on public health was assessed analyzing forage samples (<em>Acacia nilotica, Zea</em> mays<em>, Pennisetum glaucum, Capparis decidua and Medicago sativa</em>), soils and blood samples of cow, buffalo and sheep (blood plasma, fecal, and hair) collected from three different agro-ecological zones and analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed that nickel values differed in soil samples ranging from 4.49 to 9 to 25 mg/kg, in forages from 3.78 to 9.53 mg/kg and in animal samples from 0.65 to 2.42 mg/kg. Nickel concentration, in soil and forage samples, was below the permitted limits. Soil with the minimum nickel level was found under <em>C. decidua</em> while the maximum concentration was reached under the <em>A. nilotica</em>. Among the animals, nickel was maximum in buffaloes that grazed on the Z. mays fodder. Ni was more accumulated in feces than other body tissues. The sheep and buffaloes showed high vulnerability to Ni pollution due to the highest contamination levels at site II and III. Bioconcentration factor, pollution load index and enrichment factor were found to be higher in buffaloes than cows, respectively. The daily intake and health risk index ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0184 mg/kg/day and 0.186–0.614 mg/kg/day respectively. In short, the results of this study evidenced that Nickel-containing fertilizers should never not be used to grow forage species. Government should to lessen the toxic metal accessibility to animals. Although general values were lower than the admitted limit, nickel can be accumulated and the consume of food containing nickel can increase health risks. General monitoring of soil and vegetation pollution load, as well as the use of other non-conventional water like canal water for forage irrigation could be a sustainable solution to decrease the access of nickel in the food chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the impact of phosphorous and nitrogen on Castanopsis sclerophylla early growth stages","authors":"Zhaocheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Jaweria Shamshad ,&nbsp;Aimin Wu ,&nbsp;Wenyong Zhan ,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad ,&nbsp;Nengzhi Tan ,&nbsp;Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abul Farah ,&nbsp;Muhammmad Sadiq Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant growth elements, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are vital for their growth and development, particularly for understory vegetation and their excess limits the net productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. This study focuses on the understory vegetation responds and adaptation to key essential nutrients under changing climate scenarios in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests, still needs research attention. this, we set up an experiment taking four treatments in a 50-year-old <em>Castanopsis sclerophylla</em> secondary forest under (a) control (CK), (b) N, (c) P, and (d) combined N and P addition, applied to natural forest regeneration seedlings of <em>C. sclerophylla</em> attained similar growth parameters of diameter of 3 cm and 10 cm height. In addition, carbon, N, P, and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) were determined through the anthrone colorimetric approach in different parts of seedlings. Results show that the combined N + P application enhanced the N and P by 14.48 %−140.55 % in the seedlings in both dry and wet seasons, respectively. However, during wet season, the content of NSC in the plant leaves significantly exceeded under P addition. Remarkably, CK showed increased P in the growing season but lower during the dry season. Furthermore, the root starch content of seedlings showed a significant increase under the application of N and P compared to combined N + P, ranging between 45.60 % and 58.70 %. Overall, the plant growth is attributed to N and P intake. The nutrient addition and seasonal variations have a coupled effect on seedling growth as proved in the in the natural open forest experiment. The study outcomes emphasize that the alterations in NSC allocation in the roots and leaves of <em>C. sclerophylla</em> seedlings under N + P addition could enhance their adaptation to future global climate changes, drought conditions, and high N concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New quinazoline-N-4-fluorophenyl derivatives as potential anticancer agents: Discovery of a promising dual EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibitor","authors":"Mohammed H. Geesi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research is dedicated to synthesizing a new group of quinazoline-N-4-fluorophenyl <strong>4a–d</strong> structures and evaluating their anticancer efficacy across multiple cancer cell lines. The molecular design of these derivatives was based on the structural features required for dual inhibition of VEGFR-2 and EGFR. The new derivatives were structurally characterised by NMR analyses. Cytotoxicity was assessed in this study against various cancerous cell strains. Among these, the top three products were further assessed for their capacity to block the enzymatic activity of (VEGFR-2) and (EGFR). Product <strong>4b</strong>, in particular, exhibited a strong cytotoxic profile, with IC₅₀ values of 68.2 ± 1.54 nM against EGFR and 189 ± 5.66 nM against VEGFR-2. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that compound <strong>4b</strong> effectively interacts with the active sites of both VEGFR-2 and EGFR, potentially influencing its action pathway as a powerful inhibitor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical composition and therapeutic potential of Caralluma edulis a cholistani plant","authors":"Bushra Gillani ,&nbsp;Sarah Tariq ,&nbsp;Mirza Imran Shahzad ,&nbsp;Tatheer Fatima ,&nbsp;Marcello Locatelli ,&nbsp;Xinxia Cai ,&nbsp;Adnan Noor Shah ,&nbsp;Ajaz Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores <em>C. edulis</em>, a plant indigenous to the Cholistan desert, locally known as Pimpa or Seetu, traditionally consumed as a vegetable. Our research aimed to comprehensively analyze its phytochemical constituents, and evaluate its antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antipyretic potentials. Utilizing a range of extracts including methanol (MtOH), ethanol (EtOH), ethyl acetate (EA), <em>n</em>-hexane (n-hex), dichloromethane (DCM), and aqueous (Aq), for effective extraction of phytochemicals from <em>C. edulis</em>. Standard biochemical assays and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array (HPLC-PDA) were used for analysis of phenolic compounds. Antibacterial effect(s) were confirmed through disc diffusion method and min inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The antioxidant activity was assessed through the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay and the DPPH radical scavenging method. <em>In vivo</em> antiviral potential was assessed through Hemagglutination (HA) test. Anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antipyretic activities were performed on female albino rats using carrageenan, alloxan monohydrate and yeast-induced methods, respectively. Statistical analysis was done using standard one way ANOVA.Our findings revealed a rich diversity of phenolic compounds and the presence of proteins, alkaloids, and carbohydrates in <em>C. edulis</em>. MtOH and <em>n</em>-hex extracts demonstrated deep antiviral activity against various viral strains. <em>In vivo</em> toxicology studies indicated no significant toxicity at doses up to 5 g/kg. The DCM extract has shown notable anti-inflammatory effects, and EA extract was leading in antipyretic activity. All extracts, except MtOH, exhibited antidiabetic <span><span>properties.In</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> conclusion, <em>C. edulis</em> emerges not only as a valuable nutritional source but also as a potent alternative medicinal resource, offering wide range of therapeutic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginkgetin alleviates polystyrene microplastics-instigated liver injury in rats through Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway activation","authors":"Naila Ghafoor ,&nbsp;Kainat Fatima ,&nbsp;Moazama Batool ,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran ,&nbsp;Shaik Althaf Hussain ,&nbsp;Usman Atique","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) are potential environmental toxicants that are reported to instigate oxidative stress (OS) in the liver. Ginkgetin (GK) is a natural biflavonoid with potential therapeutic activities. This experiment was executed to access the putative effect of GK against PS-MPs provoked hepatotoxicity. Four groups were formed from 48 rats including control, PS-MPs (0.01 mg/kg) group, PS-MPs (0.01 mg/kg) + GK (25 mg/kg) co-treated group and GK (25 mg/kg) alone group. The exposure of PS-MPs markedly decreased the expressions of antioxidant genes and Nrf-2, besides escalating Keap-1 expression. It also decreased the activities of antioxidants i.e., glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GSR), while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Additionally, a notable escalation in hepatic serum markers i.e., alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was observed. Furthermore, PS-MPs exposure escalated the levels of inflammatory markers, i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin- 6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), interleukin-β (IL-1β) level and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. PS-MPs treatment augmented Caspase-3 and Bax expressions and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Nevertheless, GK treatment notably abated PS-MPs prompted liver injuries owing to its hepatoprotective efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel drug delivery to the brain for neurodegenerative disorder treatment using carbon nanotubes","authors":"Mohammed Al-zharani ,&nbsp;Md Saquib Hasnain ,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Al-Eissa ,&nbsp;Reem A. Alqahtani","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodegenerative disorders pose a significant challenge in drug delivery because of the substantial obstacle presented by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Conventional therapeutic agents frequently encounter constraints in efficiently penetrating the brain, thus requiring inventive delivery strategies. This review explores the potential aspects of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as an advanced drug delivery system for treating neurodegenerative disorders. CNTs, with their distinctive structural and physicochemical characteristics, present an intriguing framework for addressing challenges related to drug delivery across the BBB. The review emphasizes the functionalization of CNTs, utilizing diverse chemical modification techniques to improve their biocompatibility and effectiveness as drug carriers. The variations have a significant effect on crucial factors related to the growth of neurons.</div><div>Moreover, the review emphasizes the therapeutic ability of CNTs in treating neurodegenerative disorders. By introducing purified CNT substrates, an increase in the growth of dendrites and improved adhesion of hippocampal neurons was reported. This has led to significant progress in the processing of neuronal signals and the development of neural circuits. Finally, this review offers in-depth understanding of the innovative and enhanced nano-scaffolds provided by CNTs for transporting therapeutic substances to the brain. This offers potential for more efficient treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquake risk assessment for Kuwait City, Kuwait","authors":"Abd el-aziz Khairy Abd el-aal ,&nbsp;Farah Al-Jeri ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al-Enezi ,&nbsp;Shaimaa Ismail Mostafa","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estimating the expected losses from a seismic disaster, whether economic or human is considered one of the most important priorities for urban development in countries, especially those with continually expanding urban areas, high-rise buildings, and skyscraper construction as is the case in Kuwait City. It is necessary to conduct an earthquake risk assessment study due to Kuwait’s geographical location which makes it close to the most important global seismic belt, the Zagros Seismic Belt, and its proximity to local seismic sources. To conduct such a study, three inputs including seismic hazard, exposure, and vulnerability modules were incorporated, considering the inputs’ uncertainty. To assess the seismic hazard module, a unified earthquake catalog was compiled, a seismotectonic model of 27 seismic sources was designed, the recurrence parameters of seismicity and the strongest predictable earthquake were calculated for each source, and the unified hazard spectrums were obtained. Earthquake scenarios were generated to create a seismic hazard module. The exposure module is performed using data from the Kuwaiti Public Authority for Civil Information including coordinates of 33,066 facilities and buildings, area, height, shape, and type of buildings, the materials used in their construction, their occupancy, and replacement cost. The vulnerability module was implemented using mean damage ratio curves by choosing the most appropriate equations that describe the condition of buildings in Kuwait, the vast majority of which are modern multi-story concrete buildings. The final results including the economic losses of the exposures were calculated using probabilistic metrics (predicted annual losses, loss exceedance curve, and probable maximum loss). The results showed that the annual average loss is $12,793,319.52 and that seismic source No.27 to the north of Kuwait has a significant value to the losses, but the frequent occurrence of losses from seismic source No.15 to the east of Kuwait, in the Zagros region, gave the most danger to Kuwait. Seismic risk results can be used to create emergency response scenarios and risk mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic farming innovations: Cultivation of wheatgrass microgreens in soil enriched with fruit peels and antimicrobial assessment","authors":"Krithika R,&nbsp;Raajeswari P.A","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explores the viability of fruit peel-enriched soils as a sustainable growth medium, acting as a biofertilizer for wheatgrass microgreens. Additionally, the research seeks to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of fruit peels, typically considered agricultural waste, to determine their influence on plant growth parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fruit peels from pomegranate, orange, and sweet lime were collected and processed into powder, and diluted with water to create enriched soil. Wheatgrass microgreens were cultivated in conventional potting soil and soil enriched with fruit peel powder. Growth parameters, including germination rates, shoot and root length, and total yield of wheatgrass microgreens, were monitored over a 15-day growth cycle. Antimicrobial analysis was conducted on selected fruit peels, assessing their impact on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> compared to a control (Rifampicin).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results, analyzed through ANOVA and Tukey (post hoc) tests, indicate significant differences among fruit peel-enriched soils. Pomegranate peel emerged as a particularly effective enhancer of wheatgrass microgreen growth. Furthermore, the antimicrobial analysis revealed that pomegranate and sweet lime peels exhibited superior properties, with a notable zone of inhibition effects on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> compared to the control (Rifampicin).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the potential of fruit peels as effective biofertilizers to promote wheatgrass microgreen growth in sustainable agricultural practices. The multifaceted benefits include enhanced crop development and the discovery of natural antimicrobial agents, particularly in pomegranate and sweet lime peels. These findings support the broader adoption of environmentally conscious approaches in agriculture, emphasizing the value of utilizing agricultural waste for plant growth promotion and the development of natural alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid diagnostics for monitoring chronic kidney disease aggravated as a post COVID complication","authors":"Priya Paliwal ,&nbsp;Dignya Desai ,&nbsp;Nemat Ali ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khalid Parvez ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rizwan Alam ,&nbsp;Kyung Jin Seo ,&nbsp;Manali Datta","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing, affecting more than 10 % of the global population. In addition, subclinical inflammation associated with COVID-19 infection leads to a progressive decline in kidney function, resulting in chronic kidney disease. Early intervention in candidates with early-stage CKD may delay, or avert, progression to<!--> <!-->end-stage<!--> <!-->complications.<!--> <!-->It is widely accepted that serum Cystatin C is a reliable and early indicator of CKD. Urinary Cystatin C tends to increase with the progression of kidney malfunctioning. Thus, early detection can lower the morbidity and mortality associated with CKD. This study includes the design of a proteotronic platform for the rapid detection of CKD. Here, we have developed a biosensor that is highly specific to<!--> <!-->Cystatin C and shows a negligible response to other urinary biomarkers.<!--> <!-->The sensitivity of<!--> <!-->the biosensor was 50889.6 µA cm⁻² <!-->mg⁻¹ <!-->and the limit of detection<!--> <!--> <!-->for<!--> <!-->Cystatin C<!--> <!-->in the sample<!--> <!-->was calculated<!--> <!-->as 26 ng mL⁻¹. The stability of the biosensor was studied by measuring the change inthe differential pulse voltammetric current at every month of storage at 4 °C. The biosensor was established to be stable for 12 months, with approximately 10 % loss in the preliminary peak current (Ip) value with storage at 4 °C. Thus, the fabricated<!--> <!-->proteotronic<!--> <!-->biosensor exhibited an analytical yet simple approach for point of care diagnostics (POCD) of CKD. The developed POCD is economical and proficient, and will enable CKD management in non-hospitalized patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic insights into skin cancer: A bioinformatics and network biology approach to biomarker identification","authors":"Majji Rambabu ,&nbsp;M. Navanneth Gowda ,&nbsp;Prasanna Kumar Selvam ,&nbsp;Karthick Vasudevan ,&nbsp;K.R. Dasegowda ,&nbsp;Parameswaran Saravanan ,&nbsp;Karunakaran Rohini","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skin cancer is a widespread malignancy that primarily affects light-skinned populations globally, categorized into melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most common subtypes within NMSCs, with the global incidence of NMSCs projected to reach 2–3 million cases annually across regions like Europe, Canada, the USA, and Australia. Despite this prevalence, the genetic mechanisms behind skin cancer remain poorly understood. This study presents a novel gene discovery approach, leveraging transcriptome data from Next-Generation Sequencing datasets sourced from the European Nucleotide Archive to uncover new genes and pathways linked to skin cancer. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive approach that combines differential gene expression analysis with gene network and pathway enrichment analysis to identify actionable therapeutic targets. By utilizing bioinformatics tools such as DESeq2, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Cytoscape, we revealed critical gene interactions and pathways that have been underexplored in the context of skin cancer. Following rigorous quality control using FastQC and transcriptome-seq data alignment to the human genome (hg38), we identified 19 differentially expressed genes, including 2 down-regulated and 17 up-regulated. Key genes such as <em>IL6, CCND2, PLAUR,</em> and <em>CD44</em> were found to be involved in important pathways like IL6_JAK_STAT3_SIGNALING, ANGIOGENESIS, and APICAL_SURFACE. These findings provide valuable insights into skin cancer pathogenesis and offer potential therapeutic targets, laying the groundwork for future research aimed at improving treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}