Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Severe angiostrongyliasis with neuropsychiatric symptoms in vulnerable adults: Early diagnosis via next-generation sequencing and successful treatment","authors":"Xiaomiao Tang ,&nbsp;Juanjuan Wu ,&nbsp;Yefeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yingqiong Wang ,&nbsp;Chengji Jin ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Xie ,&nbsp;Mei Wang ,&nbsp;Run Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaozhi Wang ,&nbsp;Fengyun Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angiostrongylus cantonensis (AC) is a parasite that occasionally infects humans, causing eosinophilic meningitis (EM). In this study, we identified two adult males with severe angiostrongyliasis being treated at the ICU. Both presented with mental and behavioral abnormalities and were initially treated for psychiatric disorders before showing symptoms like cough, fever, and altered consciousness. Patient 1, a homeless individual, presented with elevated eosinophil levels and typical meningitis symptoms, prompting an early diagnosis of EM that was later confirmed via next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the cerebrospinal fluid. Patient 2, who had schizophrenia as a pre-existing condition, did not exhibit the typical signs of meningitis but was nonetheless detected via NGS. Both patients responded well to corticosteroids and anthelmintics. A review of case reports underscores heightened infection risks among children with pica and vulnerable adults, including those with mental disorders or homelessness. The use of NGS is effective for the early diagnosis and treatment of severe angiostrongyliasis, especially in those with atypical symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mpox in pregnancy: Unraveling the maternal-fetal risks of a re-emerging disease, a narrative review","authors":"Benedetta Rossi ,&nbsp;Giorgio Tiecco ,&nbsp;Jacopo Logiudice ,&nbsp;Roberta Gerami ,&nbsp;Francesca Bertoni ,&nbsp;Lina Rachele Tomasoni ,&nbsp;Francesco Castelli ,&nbsp;Eugenia Quiros-Roldan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mpox has re-emerged, particularly with the spread of Clade Ib in 2024 and recent outbreaks have raised concerns about its impact on pregnant women. Limited data suggest increased risks of adverse outcomes such as stillbirths and miscarriages, but understanding of mpox in pregnancy remains incomplete. A narrative review of literature was conducted, focusing on maternal-fetal transmission and the implications of different MPXV clades. The spread of Clade Ib, first identified in 2023, has heightened concerns about vertical transmission, particularly in rural African regions where access to diagnostic tools and treatments is limited. The risk of vertical transmission has become a pressing concern, considering the high transmission rates of Clade Ib. Despite limited data, maternal-fetal transmission has been documented, with serious fetal outcomes such as stillbirths and hydrops fetalis. Continued research and surveillance are critical to developing effective clinical guidelines and public health interventions, especially for managing mpox in pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102758"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of donor-derived Malassezia restricta & Aspergillus species invasive fungal infection in renal transplant recipient using next generation sequencing – A report of 2 cases and literature review","authors":"Reem M. Alameer ,&nbsp;Hamsa Tayeb ,&nbsp;Amna Magrashi ,&nbsp;Abdulmohsan Alqasabi ,&nbsp;Ahmed Nazmi ,&nbsp;Amani Yamani ,&nbsp;Reem S. Almaghrabi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diagnosing donor-derived fungal infection in solid organ transplant recipients can be particularly challenging and is associated with high mortality. Here, we report two cases of <em>Malassezia restricta</em> and <em>Aspergillus spp</em> donor-derived fungal infection in renal transplant recipients leading to graft loss. Fortunately, both patients achieved full recovery with the administration of antifungal therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characteristics of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with community-acquired pneumonia in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China in autumn, winter, and spring 2023–2024","authors":"Yongxin Li ,&nbsp;Mengjie Liang ,&nbsp;Qian Shi,&nbsp;Chunyan Liu,&nbsp;Hefei Zha,&nbsp;Haojie Lin,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the resurgence of <em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> (MP) infections among children in China has raised urgent concerns regarding antimicrobial drug resistance. We reveal the molecular characteristics of macrolide-resistant MP (MRMP) in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in autumn, winter, and spring 2023–2024 in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Throat samples were collected from 1446 children hospitalized for CAP between October 2023 and April 2024. The polymerase chain reaction fluorescent probe method was used to detect respiratory pathogens, and clinical data from the children were collected. Throat swab samples with positive MP nucleic acid test results were subjected to MP-23S rRNA gene sequencing, P1 genotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and 16S rRNA evolution analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall positive rate for MP was 32.2 %. Among these cases, 88 % exhibited MP infection exclusively, while 12 % demonstrated mixed MP infections, with double infections being the most prevalent type of co-infection. Children aged 7–12 years had the highest infection rate, reaching 42.2 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The prevalence of macrolide-resistance mutations in MP was 99.1 %, which was predominantly due to the A2063G mutation (98.2 %). The dominant P1 genotype was P1-I (91.5 %), with a resistance mutation rate of 100 %. ST-3 was the dominant MP strain. Evolutionary analysis of 16S rRNA showed that all predominant MP strains belonged to the same evolutionary branch. The MP infection rate in children with CAP showed a significant upward trend from autumn 2023 and remained at a high level until spring 2024. During this period, the infection rate of MRMP, mainly P1-I and ST-3 types, was high. Additionally, we identified 4 MP strains classified as type P1-II, all of which belonged to CC2, and 85 MP strains were categorized as type P1-I, all belonging to CC1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals that the MRMP epidemic was driven by near-universal macrolide-related mutations associated with clonal ST-3/P1-I strains. Our findings underscore the necessity of implementing real-time molecular surveillance and establishing treatment guidelines in post-pandemic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective: An overemphasis on vaccines for Mpox skewes important lessons from COVID-19 and the need for public health approaches","authors":"Garrett W. Brown ,&nbsp;Jean von Agris ,&nbsp;David Bell ,&nbsp;Joachim Sturmberg ,&nbsp;Valéry Ridde ,&nbsp;Samuel Lwamushi Makali ,&nbsp;Ghislain Bisimwa Balaluka ,&nbsp;Gemma Bridge ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergency declarations for Mpox triggered a flurry of appeals for ‘vaccine equity’ and the mass production of additional vaccine doses, citing a need to ‘learn lessons’ from COVID-19. We question whether the right lessons have been learned in terms of a supposed need to rollout vaccines quickly and widely, raising concerns about the consequences of an overreliance on expert-driven mass vaccination strategies over more diversified, context-specific and systemic public health strategies. Compared to COVID-19, Mpox has no such epidemic potential because it requires close contact for transmission. Moreover, Congolese populations face far more pressing health burdens. Thus, the health needs of the population risk being lost within a response focused on global procurement of costly health technologies whatever the context in which the outbreak is occurring. Alternatively, locally owned prioritisation and public health and sanitation approaches are key, which should be proportionate to relative disease burdens, and which utilise a diversity of strategies that are cost-effective and with wider public health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of mild acute SARS-CoV-2 infections with Omicron depending on previous vaccinations and infections – Using data of the German DigiHero cohort study from post-pandemic winters 2022/2023 and 2023/2024","authors":"Nadine Glaser ,&nbsp;Sophie Diexer ,&nbsp;Bianca Klee ,&nbsp;Janka Massag ,&nbsp;Laura R. Pfrommer ,&nbsp;Oliver Purschke ,&nbsp;Mascha Binder ,&nbsp;Thomas Frese ,&nbsp;Matthias Girndt ,&nbsp;Jessica I. Hoell ,&nbsp;Irene Moor ,&nbsp;Jonas Rosendahl ,&nbsp;Michael Gekle ,&nbsp;Daniel Sedding ,&nbsp;Cornelia Gottschick ,&nbsp;Rafael Mikolajczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Protection against severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection after COVID-19 vaccination or infection was extensively studied. It is unknown whether this effect also translates into shortened duration of mild infections. We assessed the duration of symptoms depending on vaccination status and previous SARS-CoV-2 infections among individuals with a mild course of infection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For two post-pandemic winters (2022/2023 and 2023/2024), in total 13,615 participants of the German DigiHero study reported their SARS-CoV-2 infections from September to March. Via negative binomial regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors, we studied the association of infection duration (days with symptoms and in bed) with number of vaccinations, prior SARS-CoV-2 infections, and time since last vaccination/and infection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We noted no major differences in infection duration depending on the number of vaccinations and time since last infection for short mild infections (≤21 days with symptoms). Per 6 months since the last vaccination, symptom duration and days spent in bed increased by 2 % and 4 %. The risk of long mild SARS-CoV-2 infections (&gt;21 days with symptoms) was higher for individuals with no prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Odds Ratio: 1.98; 95 % confidence interval [1.43; 2.76]), but not for vaccinations (OR: 0.98; 95 % CI [0.74; 1.33]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There was no indication of reduced duration of symptoms during short mild infections depending on the number of vaccinations and time since the last SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection. A prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was protective against prolonged disease in mild SARS-CoV-2 infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early differential diagnosis models of Talaromycosis and Tuberculosis in HIV-negative hosts using clinical data and machine learning","authors":"Ye Qiu ,&nbsp;Zheng-tu Li ,&nbsp;Shi-xiong Yang ,&nbsp;Wu-shu Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qun-yu Kong ,&nbsp;Ling-rui Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Huang ,&nbsp;Lü Lin ,&nbsp;Kan Xie ,&nbsp;Wen Zeng ,&nbsp;Shao-qiang Li ,&nbsp;Yang-qing Zhan ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Jian-quan Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Talaromyces marneffei</em> is an emerging pathogen, and the number of infections in HIV-negative individuals is increasing. In HIV-negative individuals, talaromycosis is usually misdiagnosed as another disease, especially tuberculosis (TB).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively extracted the clinical data of HIV-negative patients with <em>Talaromyces marneffei</em> infection from 2018 to 2023, analyzed the differences between TB patients and talaromycosis patients and attempted to establish differential diagnosis models utilizing clinical prediction models for these two diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 718 patients, including 137 patients with talaromycosis and 581 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), were enrolled in this study. According to the multivariate analysis, age &gt; 65 years, expectoration, and PLT count were independent predictors for TB. Fever, chest pain, gasping, rash, lymphadenectasis, osteolysis, Neu count, EOS count, and ALB were independent predictors for talaromycosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the training set showed that the area under the curve (AUC) (95 % CI) of the clinical differential model based on logistic regression analysis was 0.918 (0.884–0.953). The model was verified in the validation set. ROC curve analysis of the validation set showed that the AUC (95 % CI) was 0.900 (0.841–0.959).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These new differential diagnosis models can calculate the probability of either talaromycosis or tuberculosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102740"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholera in Lebanon: A new epidemic in an on-going endemic of weak infrastructure","authors":"Nada M. Melhem ,&nbsp;Mirna Bou Hamdan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On October 6, 2022, the WHO declared the start of a cholera outbreak in Lebanon, the first cholera outbreak since 1993. The aim of this review is to advance the evolution of the cholera epidemic in Lebanon and its underlying risk factors. Early during the outbreak, the majority of confirmed cases were reported among displaced Syrian refugees living in suboptimal conditions; however, three weeks following the former, cholera spread nationwide. This spread was exacerbated by the decline in water treatment investments, lack of electric supply in water treatment plants and collapsing healthcare and economic infrastructures. Addressing the structural root causes is urgently needed in order to mitigate the re-emergence of cholera and other infectious diseases spreading among vulnerable populations and thus threatening national and regional health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102745"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brucellosis and associated risk factors, spatial distribution and cluster analysis: Case study in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran","authors":"Sama Yektay ,&nbsp;Rasoul Alimi ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Attarian ,&nbsp;Hadi Alizadeh Siuki ,&nbsp;Mahdi Gholian Aval ,&nbsp;Abdolmajid Gholizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis and its affecting factors in Khorasan Razavi province, an endemic region in north-eastern Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this descriptive-analytical study, the data of 15,334 brucellosis cases in Khorasan Razavi province from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed. Descriptive analysis and geographic information system (GIS)-based Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) were conducted to assess the demographic factors and spatial modeling of the study population. Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used for intergroup comparisons. A latent class cluster analysis (LCCA) in R programming language (poLCA) was employed to identify clusters and better understand the factors affecting the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that most of the brucellosis cases had been registered from 2020 to 2022 (26.5 %, 21.4 %, and 14.5 % of the total cases). The average incidence rate of brucellosis during the study period was 33.57 cases per 100,000 population. Over 84 % of the cases in clusters 1 and 3 (60.4 % of the whole study population) were males who often lived in rural areas. Only 29.3 % of the patients had a job related to livestock. These findings are consistent with the data on the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products and the history of animal vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Brucellosis cannot be significantly controlled by merely focusing on people working in the livestock industry, highlighting the impact of herd vaccination, and promoting public awareness, especially among housewives and younger people. Meanwhile, proper handling and disposal of infected animals, regular quarantine and inspection of livestock, and sanitization of animal environments have been recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-house assays for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum and urine: Correlation with COVID-19 severity from a cohort study in Qatar","authors":"Nishant N. Vaikath ,&nbsp;Maryam Ali Al-Nesf ,&nbsp;Nour Majbour ,&nbsp;Houari B. Abdesselem ,&nbsp;Vijay Gupta ,&nbsp;Ilham Bensmail ,&nbsp;Ilham Y. Abdi ,&nbsp;Khalifa Ahmed Elmagarmid ,&nbsp;Shadah Shabani ,&nbsp;Indulekha P. Sudhakaran ,&nbsp;Simona S. Ghanem ,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-Maadheed ,&nbsp;Vidya Mohamed-Ali ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Blackburn ,&nbsp;Julie Decock ,&nbsp;Omar M.A. El-Agnaf","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Serological assays targeting antibodies against key viral proteins, including the Spike (S1), Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), and Nucleocapsid, play a critical role in understanding immunity and supporting diagnostic efforts during COVID-19 pandemic, and afterward. This study aimed to develop and validate in-house assays for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum and urine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ELISA-based assay was developed to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The assay was examined in serum and urine samples of two different cohort of patients affected by COVID-19 disease with different severity and compared to age and sex matched control group. Neutralizing antibody activity was evaluated using an RBD-ACE2 binding inhibition assay. Additionally, a Sengenics protein microarray platform was employed to assess epitope-specific antibody responses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The in-house ELISA assay reliably detected antibodies in both 163 serum and 64 urine samples compared to 50 serum samples from healthy control, with strong correlations observed between antibody levels in the two biofluids. Neutralizing antibody levels correlated positively with disease severity, highlighting their clinical relevance. The performance of the in-house assays was comparable to commercial kits, and the Sengenics microarray provided detailed insights into antibody profiles, identifying dominant epitopes within the Nucleocapsid core domain and RBD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The developed in-house assay demonstrated robust performance and versatility, offering a cost-effective and scalable alternative to commercial kits. Their ability to detect antibodies in both serum and urine highlighted their potential as non-invasive diagnostic tools. These findings contribute to advancing sero-diagnostic capabilities, improving understanding of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, and supporting global efforts to monitor and manage COVID-19 effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}