Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Reducing invasive RSV diagnostic testing with machine learning: A retrospective validation study","authors":"Shota Kawamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Morikawa ,&nbsp;Naohisa Yahagi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether a machine learning (ML) based screening algorithm can optimize respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) testing while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy in pediatric patients.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients under 2 years old who presented with respiratory infection symptoms and received RSV testing at Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital (2009–2015). The cohort was divided into training (2009–2013; n = 3587) and validation (2014–2015; n = 587) sets. Using patient-reported symptoms and background characteristics from structured electronic questionnaires, we collected clinical symptoms and patient characteristics to build an ML model for predicting RSV testing necessity according to established clinical guidelines, focusing on hospitalized patients and those with underlying conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age was 11.2 and 11.7 months in the training and validation sets, respectively, with hospitalization rates of 45.4 % and 43.1 %. The ML model showed good performance, achieving a sensitivity of 77.1 % and specificity of 73.4 % in the training dataset, with improved sensitivity (85.1 %) and comparable specificity (71.2 %) in validation. Implementation could potentially reduce unnecessary testing by 77.9 % (98.5 tests annually) for cases requiring hospitalization and 72.9 % (17.5 tests) for patients with underlying conditions, with negative predictive values of 97.0 % and 100 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that ML-based screening using symptom data could substantially reduce unnecessary invasive RSV testing while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy. The approach offers promising clinical utility by potentially minimizing patient discomfort and optimizing resource allocation in pediatric respiratory care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 12","pages":"Article 102967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious endocarditis caused by Elizabethkingia spp.: Two case reports and a literature review","authors":"Valentin Colin ,&nbsp;Brice Guerpillon ,&nbsp;Mathieu Blot ,&nbsp;Lionel Piroth ,&nbsp;Lucie Amoureux ,&nbsp;Jean Philippe Talarmin ,&nbsp;Thibault Sixt","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report two cases of <em>Elizabethkingia-</em>related infective endocarditis, highlighting key risk factors such as prosthetic valve replacement. These cases underscore the need to consider endocarditis in the setting of persistent or recurrent bacteremia.</div><div>Diagnosis proved challenging and required multiple imaging modalities, with positron emission tomography (PET) scan providing critical value when echocardiography was non-contributory. Management was complicated by the organism’s intrinsic multidrug resistance and the rapid emergence of additional resistance during therapy. These cases emphasize the importance of combination antibiotic regimens, in which minocycline may play a key role.</div><div>Due to its ability to rapidly adhere to and produce biofilm on prosthetic valves, our cases support the need for early surgical intervention to eradicate the biofilm and limit further resistance development. To better characterize this rare entity, we conducted a literature review of previously reported cases, which reinforces the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with <em>Elizabethkingia</em> endocarditis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 12","pages":"Article 102968"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections among Hajj pilgrims during the 2012–2025 seasons: A systematic review","authors":"Darin Mansor Mathkor ,&nbsp;Samah Tawil ,&nbsp;Ayman K. Johargy ,&nbsp;Hani Faidah ,&nbsp;Ahmad O. Babalghith ,&nbsp;Naif A. Jalal ,&nbsp;Farkad Bantun ,&nbsp;Faraz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Shafiul Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Hajj is the largest annual mass gathering in the world, attracting more than 2 million pilgrims from 184 countries. Adverse climatic conditions and close proximity of pilgrims during Hajj rituals create a facilitating environment for the transmission of infectious agents, including multi-drug resistant organisms. Although, several individual reports have been published on specific type of infections, there is a paucity of published work reflecting the overall picture of the prevalence of pathogenic infections during Hajj.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar to examine the prevalence of Hajj-associated pathogenic respiratory and gastrointestinal (GI) infections during the pilgrimage sessions of 2012–2025.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 56 studies involving Hajj pilgrims and healthcare workers in close contact with them were included. Most common respiratory viruses detected among pilgrims included influenza and rhinovirus. Bacterial pathogens <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> and <em>Hemophilus influenzae</em> were also detected among the subjects. However, acquisition of the coronaviruses, MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 remained very limited and systematic screening of pilgrims showed limited infections. Amongst the pilgrims with GI infections, <em>Escherichia coli</em> was found to be the commonest bacterial pathogen.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides the most updated overview of the prevalence of pathogenic infections during Hajj. While it appears that well-conducted multinational follow-up and post-Hajj studies are necessary for further evaluation of the impact of the Hajj on the acquisition of these pathogens, pilgrims may be at high risk of infections and may carry and transfer them to their home countries. Preventive measures, including hygiene practices and vaccination for high-risk pilgrims should be mandated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond neutropenia: 14 years analysis of bloodstream infections in hematological malignancies","authors":"Aiah M. Khateb ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Barefah ,&nbsp;Osman O. Radhwi ,&nbsp;Ali Algiraigri ,&nbsp;Esam I. Azhar","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This 14-year retrospective study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 2007 to 2021. It examined the epidemiological profile, microbial spectrum, resistance patterns, and outcomes of BSIs in HM patients. Microbial identification was based on aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures; PCR testing was used requested as needed. Statistical analysis was performed in Excel, including one-way ANOVA, <em>Chi</em>-square, and linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2112 HM patients, 296 (14 %) experienced at least one BSI episode. Incidence peaked in 2014, 2016, and 2017, with a subsequent decline possibly reflecting improved infection control. Bacterial infections comprised 90 % of cases (n = 1341), the highest was Gram-negative organisms (n = 745) such as <em>E. coli</em> (n = 86) and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (n = 77). Gram-positive pathogens (n = 596) included coagulase-negative <em>Staphylococci</em> (n = 319) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (n = 75). Fungal infections accounted for 4 % (n = 61), primarily <em>Candida albicans</em>. Resistance was high (21.1 %), particularly in <em>Enterococcus</em> (48.9 %), <em>Acinetobacter</em> (45.8 %), <em>E. coli</em> ESBL (40.3 %), and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> CRE/ESBL (45 %, 32.5 %). The overall mortality was 85 %, significantly higher for resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (100 % vs. 88.7 %, <em>p</em> = 0.008) and notably elevated for <em>E. coli</em> ESBL (94.2 % vs. 83.1 %, <em>p</em> = 0.063). Adults had the highest incidence. Combined aerobic (69 %) and anaerobic (31 %) cultures improved diagnostic yield, especially in polymicrobial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal trends in HIV/AIDS adults aged over 60 years: A multidimensional decomposition with global and regional comparisons, 1990–2021","authors":"Yanhui Ma ,&nbsp;Weifang Tong ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Ning Yin ,&nbsp;Lisong Shen ,&nbsp;Chaoyan Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antiretroviral therapy has extended the lifespan of HIV/ADIS. However, research and policies mainly target younger groups, leaving gaps in the care for aging people living with HIV (PLHIV).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study, this research evaluated the global, regional, and national burdens of HIV/AIDS in adults aged 60 and above from 1990 to 2021. Key metrics were analyzed, and trends were predicted through various regression methods. Decomposition analysis identified the drivers of burden changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model predicted the global HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence and mortality rate will rise across older aged groups, with an increasing absolute number of cases from 2022 to 2035. Among those over 60, absolute cases grew despite a −2.48 % EAPC. Age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) rose by 580.76 % and 102.44 % respectively, with EAPCs of 5.32 and 0.22. Those aged 60–69 made up over 50 % of cases, with males being dominant. Temporal trends indicated a general decline in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and ASMR but a sharp rise in ASPR between 1990 and 2021. The total APC was −0.16 for ASIR, 0.102 for ASMR, and 9.62 for ASPR. Although ASIR remained low in high SDI regions, it showed a modest increase with EAPC of 2.33, indicating a slow but steady rise in new infections. Mortality and Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) cases in high-middle and middle SDI regions increased by 2–8 folds, with EAPCs from 3.33 to 5.32, indicating a growing disease burden. Population growth was the dominant driver of rising incidence and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The growing HIV/AIDS burden among older adults underscores the dual challenges of aging and demographic shifts over the past 30 years. The increasing prevalence, mortality, and DALYs in aging populations underscore the urgent need for age-responsive HIV/AIDS strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuity of HIV and hepatitis C care in times of war – Five Times Ninety project","authors":"Justyna D. Kowalska ,&nbsp;Bartłomiej Matłosz ,&nbsp;Olena Samsonova ,&nbsp;Sergii Antoniak ,&nbsp;Carlo Bieńkowski ,&nbsp;Dominik Bursa ,&nbsp;Agata Skrzat-Klapaczyńska ,&nbsp;Svitlana Antonyak ,&nbsp;Larisa Hetman ,&nbsp;Olga Gvozdetska","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Five Times Ninety project investigates the utility of “Standardized protocol for clinical management and medical data sharing for PLHIV among refugees from Ukraine”.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Refugees who registered to HIV care in Warsaw were followed according to the protocol. For each person data were linked to Public Health Center Ministry of Health Ukraine and sent back on standardized form. Data were censored at 31.12.2023. Analyses were performer using Rv. 4.4.1 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 205 refugees, who registered to HIV care in Warsaw 202 (98.7 %) were linked with PHC database; 121 (59.9 %) were female, median age was 40.0 (IQR 36.0–46.0), migrating mainly from Central Ukraine (67; 33.2 %), diagnosed with HIV between 1996 and 2022 and 52 (25.9 %) persons ever diagnosed with All patients were on ART: 167 (84.8 %) on dolutegravir one tablet regimen and 178 (90.8 %) had HIV viral load &lt; 50 copies/ml on last measurement in Ukraine. Most refugees (128; 63.4 %) remained in care with 179 (88.6 %) having two, 159 (78.7 %) having three, 139 (68.8 %) having four, 107 (53.0 %) having five visits. Of 59 (31.5 %) tested positive for HCV serology in Poland, 24 were already treated in Ukraine, 25 had detectable HCV RNA and 10 received therapy in Poland</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The protocol is an efficient tool for medical data exchange in the forced migration settings. Viral suppression among Ukrainian refugees on ART decreased but remained high and improving with time. Routine HCV screening is necessary, as large proportion of this population was not screened and many of them require treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 12","pages":"Article 102950"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of an antimicrobial stewardship program in four district hospitals in Vietnam","authors":"Jaslyn Doshi ,&nbsp;Yen Ngoc Pham ,&nbsp;Thuy Thu Ma ,&nbsp;Linh Thuy Duong ,&nbsp;Van Thi Thuy Pham ,&nbsp;Rodney James ,&nbsp;Qingbin Li ,&nbsp;Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Tuan Anh Huynh ,&nbsp;Thu Minh Pham Vo ,&nbsp;Anh Duc Hoang ,&nbsp;Matthew Watts ,&nbsp;Justin Beardsley ,&nbsp;Thu Anh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Greg J. Fox","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Excessive and improper use of antimicrobials is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) addresses this by promoting judicious use of antimicrobials. This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of an AMS program in district hospitals in Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A before-and-after study was undertaken in four district hospitals in Vietnam over 6 months. Interventions included (i) establishing AMS committees and teams, (ii) distribution of antimicrobial guidelines, (iii) healthcare worker training, and (iv) conducting periodic standardised audits of appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions, followed by tailored feedback. The co-primary outcomes were (i) monthly antimicrobial consumption in the hospital and (ii) appropriateness of antimicrobial prescribing according to guidelines, before and after the AMS program. Secondary outcomes included changes in antimicrobial costs and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The AMS program was successfully implemented with strong stakeholder engagement and high staff participation across all four hospitals. At baseline, 79.0 % (95 % CI: 74.9 %, 83.7 %) of 454 antimicrobial prescriptions were inappropriate, primarily due to prolonged duration, overly broad-spectrum agents, or incorrect dosing. No improvement was observed post-intervention, with 80.3 % (95 % CI: 77.4 %, 83.1 %) of 992 prescriptions deemed inappropriate. A modest reduction in antimicrobial consumption was seen post-intervention, with a decrease of 4.2 DDD/100 bed-days per month (95 % CI: – 6.2, – 2.3). Antimicrobial costs were unchanged. All-cause mortality reduced post-intervention [RR = 0.32 (95 % CI: 0.09, 0.92)].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AMS interventions were feasible to implement in district hospitals in Vietnam and resulted in modest reductions in antimicrobial consumption and all-cause mortality. However, the persistently high rates of inappropriate prescribing highlight the need for broader implementation and strengthening of stewardship efforts to more effectively address key drivers of antimicrobial resistance at the district level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switch to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in people living with HIV aged 65 years or older: BICOLDER study – IMEA 057","authors":"Minh P. Lê ,&nbsp;Clotilde Allavena ,&nbsp;Véronique Joly ,&nbsp;Lambert Assoumou ,&nbsp;Valentina Isernia ,&nbsp;Faiza Ajana ,&nbsp;Didier Neau ,&nbsp;Diane Descamps ,&nbsp;Charlotte Charpentier ,&nbsp;Aïda Benalycherif ,&nbsp;Bao Phung ,&nbsp;Gilles Peytavin ,&nbsp;Roland Landman ,&nbsp;BICOLDER-IMEA 057 study group","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Polymedication and comorbidities are frequent in aging people with HIV (PWH) and often associated with elevated incidences of adverse events (AEs) and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and practicality of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF), an antiretroviral (ARV) therapy with limited DDIs, in an elderly virologically-controlled PWH population.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This study was prospective, multicentric, single-arm conducted in HIV-1 controlled PWH aged over 65 years who switched from a ritonavir- or cobicistat-boosted containing regimen to B/F/TAF. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants maintaining plasma HIV-1 RNA &lt; 50 copies/mL at Week24. Secondary endpoints included biological endpoints and co-morbidity (Charlson) and frailty (Fried) scores. Median (IQR) results are presented.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>24 participants aged 69 years (67−73), 79.2 % Caucasian, were analyzed in the intention-to-treat analysis. 75 % of participants were receiving an elvitegravir/cobicistat based regimen. At week24 and week48, 91.7 % of participants maintained a plasma HIV-1 RNA &lt; 50 copies/mL. Study treatment was discontinued in one participant due to virologic failure at week12, possibly related to adherence issues following AE. Drug-related AEs were reported in 6 participants, with one discontinuation at week4 (nightmare/mood disorder). No life-threatening AEs or deaths were reported. No significant modifications from baseline were reported in weight, co-morbidities, kidney parameters, cardiovascular risk or frailty scores at W48. A mild decrease of total cholesterol and triglycerides was reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings indicate that B/F/TAF is both safe and effective for elderly PWH patients with a prolonged and documented history of HIV infection, multiple co-morbidities and concomitant medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deadly drink: Nipah virus transmission through date palm sap, cultural practices and the evolution of behavioral interventions in Bangladesh over two decades","authors":"Dalia Yeasmin ,&nbsp;Md Mosabber Hossain ,&nbsp;Saleh Haider ,&nbsp;Mahbubur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md Zakiul Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nipah virus (NiV) has emerged as a significant public health threat, with recurring outbreaks in Bangladesh often linked to the consumption of raw date palm sap contaminated by fruit bats (<em>Pteropus</em> species). Over the past two decades, substantial efforts have been made to understand the cultural context of sap consumption, promoting behavior change and developing interventions to prevent NiV spillover. Despite these efforts, achieving sustainable change in sap consumption practices remains challenging due to deep-seated cultural practices, community perceptions of sap consumption, habitual behaviors, limited awareness of health risks and economic barriers. To prevent sap-borne transmission, future efforts should focus on affordable, community-led solutions while protecting local livelihoods. Promoting behavior change through trusted community education and safe harvesting practices must be supported by involving local health workers and community members in planning and evaluation. Long-term preparedness also requires investment in diagnostics, treatments and vaccines through inclusive, collaborative intersectoral research and one health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forty years of global research on WHO’s four critical priority fungal pathogens: Advances and prospects","authors":"Caixia Tan ,&nbsp;Anhua Wu ,&nbsp;Chunhui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>On October 25, 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its first Fungal Priority Pathogen List (FPPL), classifying <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> (<em>C. neoformans</em>), <em>Candida auris</em> (<em>C. auris</em>), <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> (<em>A. fumigatus</em>), and <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C. albicans</em>) as “critical priority” pathogens due to their substantial clinical impact and increasing antifungal resistance. Although bibliometric analyses have been conducted for individual fungal pathogens, a comprehensive and comparative assessment of all four critical pathogens remains lacking. To address this gap, we conducted an integrated bibliometric analysis to analyze global research trends and publication characteristics related to these pathogens, aiming to enhance global awareness and support future preparedness efforts on this important issue.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, focusing on English-language review and research articles published from 1983 to 2023. Search terms included the pathogens' names and their Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms in the title. The data, including full records and cited references, were exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the Bibliometrix-Biblioshiny package in RStudio.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 19,785 publications were analyzed, showing an increasing trend in fungal research, with developed countries leading in output. Emerging economies, notably China and Brazil, also showed increasing contributions. Key research areas for <em>C. neoformans</em> included capsule formation, oxidative stress, and clinical impacts such as meningitis. For <em>C. auris</em>, studies focused on multidrug resistance, infection control, and diagnostics. <em>A. fumigatus</em> research emphasized antifungal resistance, virulence, and clinical outcomes, while <em>C. albicans</em> studies highlighted biofilm formation, antifungal resistance, and host immune interactions. Antifungal resistance, particularly in emerging pathogens like <em>C. auris</em>, remains a critical concern.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis demonstrated a growing interest in fungal research and highlighted the need for more focus on fungus-host interactions, environmental adaptation, epidemiology of emerging pathogens, and enhanced international collaboration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 11","pages":"Article 102947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}