Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological trends and forecasting of tuberculosis burden in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: Evidence from global burden of disease 1990–2021","authors":"Akashanand ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar Samal ,&nbsp;Shilpa Gaidhane ,&nbsp;Diptismita Jena ,&nbsp;R. Roopashree ,&nbsp;Mandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Deepak Nathiya ,&nbsp;Aryantika Sharma ,&nbsp;G.V. Siva Prasad ,&nbsp;Aashna Sinha ,&nbsp;Lara Jain ,&nbsp;Vaibhav Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Muhammed Shabil ,&nbsp;Ganesh Bushi ,&nbsp;Sanjit Sah ,&nbsp;Ghaya Alqurainees ,&nbsp;Jawaher Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Maha A. Alshiekheid ,&nbsp;Amal A. Sabour ,&nbsp;Nawal A. Al Kaabi ,&nbsp;Ali A. Rabaan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern. Although the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have relatively lower TB incidence rates, they face unique challenges, particularly with a large migrant workforce from TB-endemic regions. Understanding trends in TB burden in these countries is essential for guiding public health strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed TB trends in GCC countries from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Joinpoint regression assessed temporal trends, and ARIMA modeling was used to forecast future TB incidence, mortality, and DALYs. The metrics considered age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), DALYs rate (ASDR), and incidence rates (ASIR). Data visualizations, including choropleth maps and trend graphs, were also created using R and MS Excel.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1990–2021, TB incidence, mortality, and DALYs showed a steady decline across the GCC countries. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) decreased by an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of −5.39 %, while the age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) decreased at a slightly higher rate of −5.50 %. Forecasting through 2031 predicts a continued decline: the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) will fall from 28.4 per 100,000 in 2022–5.4 by 2031, and mortality is expected to decline from 3.87 per 100,000 to 2.39 over the same period. DALYs are projected to decrease from 103.5 in 2022–62 by 2031. Countries like Qatar and Saudi Arabia showed significant improvements, with Qatar achieving a 95.56 % reduction in mortality. However, the UAE with a 61.18 % reduction in incidence and DALYs, showed a 26.71 % increase in mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TB control in GCC countries shows positive trends, reflecting successful public health interventions. However, challenges remain, particularly the high prevalence of TB among migrant populations. Continued efforts and tailored interventions are essential to sustain progress toward TB elimination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 7","pages":"Article 102736"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of HIV infection, other sexually transmitted infections or their coexistence with mpox among men who have sex with men: A national questionnaire-based study in China using propensity score matching","authors":"Meihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Jianyu Chen ,&nbsp;Gang Xu ,&nbsp;Jiechen Zhang ,&nbsp;Fan Hu ,&nbsp;Yong Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A marked increase in mpox cases was observed in May 2022 in previously non-endemic regions. The men who have sex with men (MSM) population exhibited a disproportionately higher rate of infection.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the coexistence of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their association with mpox among MSM, with validatiton conducted through a case-control study utilizing propensity score matching (PSM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 2403 eligible MSM participants were recruited for a cross-sectional study conducted across six geographically representative regions of China from October 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between status of HIV infection and other STIs and risk of mpox. Validatiton was conducted through a case-control study employing PSM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the total 2403 participants, 56 (2.33 %) reported diagnosis of mpox. Taking participants negative for both HIV infection and other STIs (group 1) as reference, the adjusted ORs (95 % CIs) (p value) for mpox were 2.00 (0.60–6.65) (p = 0.256), 6.26 (2.97–13.16) (p &lt; 0.001), and 8.72 (3.45–22.00) (p &lt; 0.001) for those who were only positive for HIV infection (group 2), only positive for other STIs (group 3) and positive for both (group 4), respectively. In the case-control study, 53 participants from the mpox group were matched to 149 participants from the non-infection group at a ratio of 1:3. The positive association between status of HIV infection and other STIs and mpox persisted, with adjusted ORs (95 % CIs) (p value) of 1.53 (0.38–6.11) (p = 0.547), 7.01 (3.00–16.38) (p &lt; 0.001), and 6.20 (2.21–17.43) (p &lt; 0.001) for group 2 to group 4, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated a significant association between other STIs and the risk of mpox among MSM. HIV infection alone didn’t significantly increase the risk of mpox, while other STIs were found to be strong and robust risk factors for mpox.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifocal osteolytic lesions as an initial presentation of mycobacterium riyadhense: Case report and literature review","authors":"Hassan Almarhabi ,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed Sarhan ,&nbsp;Aisha Alharbi ,&nbsp;Abdulfatah Al-Amri ,&nbsp;Mohamed Firoze Ahamed ,&nbsp;Sharif Hala","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium riyadhense</em> is a newly discovered, slow-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium with an emerging global distribution. We report a case of multifocal osteolytic lesions as the first sign of infection in a previously healthy 39-year-old female. <em>M. riyadhense</em> was detected in this case using next-generation metagenomic sequencing after it failed to be identified with conventional methods. The patient received 12 months of therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol, with the addition of moxifloxacin and clarithromycin in the first four months, and had a full return to health with no detectable disease at the last follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic plasticity of extensively drug-resistant and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ST208 isolates from a fatal outbreak","authors":"Satoshi Nishida ,&nbsp;Yasuo Ono","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The prevalence of multidrug-resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (MDRA) has rapidly increased and is linked to severe nosocomial infections. MDRA outbreaks in a Japanese hospital were analysed using whole-genome sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on clinical isolates from hospitalised patients before and during the 2009 and 2010 outbreaks. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to identify acquired antibiotic-resistance genes and genetic mutations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Clinical <em>A. baumannii</em> isolates were resistant to β-lactams (broad-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems), aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. MDRA isolates harboured <em>aac(6′)-Ib-cr</em>, <em>abaF</em>, <em>armA</em>, <em>bla</em>_ADC-30, <em>bla</em>_TEM-1, and <em>bla</em>_OXA-82, or both <em>bla</em>_OXA-66 and <em>bla</em>_OXA-23, <em>catB8</em>, <em>mphE</em>, <em>msrE</em>, and <em>tet(B)</em>. <em>bla</em>_OXA-82 genes were recombinationally multiplied. Quinolone resistance was also associated with <em>gyrA</em> S81L and <em>parC</em> S84L mutations. The MDRA isolates belonged to Oxford sequence type (ST) 208 and Pasteur ST2. Three of the 15 isolates developed an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotype, and two isolates harboured an <em>adeS</em> mutation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified molecular resistance markers in three XDR and one MDR isolate and provided a genomic description of resistance and virulence, as well as the origins of the isolates. The isolates are closely related to MDRA Oxford ST208 and Pasteur ST2, identified in Asia and Australia. MDRA isolates are of concern in both hospital and community settings in the Western Pacific region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and geographic distribution of bacterial zoonoses in veterinary cases in the Eastern Cape: A ten-year retrospective analysis","authors":"Chika Felicitas Nnadozie,&nbsp;Oghenekaro Nelson Odume","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diseases affecting livestock can have ripple effects on surrounding ecosystems, especially by contaminating water sources. Their occurrence poses significant public health issues, especially in areas such as the Eastern Cape province in South Africa, susceptible to climatic variations and where people and animals often share water sources, increasing the risk of transmission of waterborne zoonoses. Waterborne zoonoses are infectious diseases caused by zoonotic pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasitic helminths transmitted from animals through the aquatic environment to humans and vice versa. Tracking zoonoses in livestock is an early indicator of potential contamination of water sources used by animals and humans. This study analysed trends in prevalence of water-transmissible bacterial zoonoses over ten years, identifying the most frequently recorded zoonoses, their geographical distribution, and determining the animal species most commonly associated with these diseases. Bacterial zoonoses remain a global threat due to their potential for re-emergence, antimicrobial resistance, and economic impact. This study employed monthly reports on livestock disease from the Ruminant Veterinary Association of South Africa (RuVASA) website. The data was aggregated by month and scale of importance to summarise the trend in scale of importance over time. Following this, the specific diseases frequently, with more than 10 cases reported monthly, were explored. The findings from this study reveal a notable rise in cases of zoonoses in animals, particularly colibacillosis, across several regions in Eastern Cape, South Africa, such as Alexandria, Graaff-Reinet, and Jeffreys Bay. Cattle had the highest prevalence of all three diseases—brucellosis, colibacillosis, and salmonellosis—emphasising their role as key reservoirs, compared to sheep, cattle and goats. The findings of this study provide critical understanding, such as zoonoses posing the highest risk, local hotspots for disease transmission, and the animal's reservoirs that will potentially and significantly contaminate shared water sources by their presence near water. Analysing trends in animal diseases that can impact water quality and pose risks for zoonosis transmission, spread and outbreak is the needed holistic outlook recognising that regress in animal health can have broader environmental and public health implications, which is in line with the One Health principle that considers the interconnectedness between human, animal, and environmental health systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102738"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum hemorrhage emerges as a key outcome of maternal SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection surge across pregnancy trimesters","authors":"Zhou Xu ,&nbsp;Er-Han Li ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Yong-Jia Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Xiao ,&nbsp;Xin-Zhen Chen ,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Zhong ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jun Tang ,&nbsp;Li-Juan Fu ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Mei-Hua Bao ,&nbsp;Hong-Bo Qi ,&nbsp;Gong-Li Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-Bin Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite evidence showing changes in disease severity with the virus's evolution and vaccination efforts, the link between maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes and SARS-CoV-2 infections during different pregnancy trimesters remains unclear, especially with the BA.5 and BF.7 Omicron subvariant surge in China in December 2022. This study investigates the correlation between maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes and SARS-CoV-2 infection across various pregnancy trimesters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study was conducted at two hospitals in southwest China, examining the clinical records and infection status of 2158 pregnant women registered between January 1, 2022, and September 30, 2023. Initially shielded from COVID-19, the population later experienced a significant infection surge. A comparative analysis evaluated maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes between infected and uninfected subjects. Primary outcomes included pregnancy complications and premature births, while secondary outcomes encompassed cesarean sections, delivery complications, and neonatal outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 had higher incidence of placenta increta/percreta and postpartum hemorrhage compared to uninfected women. First trimester infections were associated with a lower incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy [aOR = 0.29, 95 % CI 0.13–0.63] but a higher incidence of preterm birth [aOR = 2.16, 95 % CI 1.25–3.71]. Third trimester infections increased the risk of postpartum hemorrhage [aOR = 2.74, 95 % CI 1.21–6.18].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is linked to increased incidence of placenta increta/percreta and postpartum hemorrhage. First trimester infections are associated with higher incidence of premature birth and lower incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, while third trimester infections are linked to higher incidence of postpartum hemorrhage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102733"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection-related mortality in hospitalized children: A multi-center study in China from 2016 to 2021","authors":"Jiao Tian ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Shiqi Cai ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Junhong Ai ,&nbsp;Guoshuang Feng ,&nbsp;Yueping Zeng ,&nbsp;Ran Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengde Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hospitalized children experience mortality as a result of infections. Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020, China's strict prevention measures have curbed pathogen transmission, altering infection-related epidemiology. The Futang Research Center of Pediatric Development has collected the face sheet of discharge medical records (FSMRs) data from 27 tertiary children's hospitals since January 2016, which facilitate us to investigate this issue. Moreover, this study focuses on hospitalized children aged 18 years old or younger.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed data from the FSMRs of children who died from infections at 27 tertiary children’s hospitals across China between January 2016 and December 2021. Of these hospitals, 21 are located in provincial capitals. The data included gender, age, region, residence, year of admission, infections-associated causes of death, pathogens, length of stay, and expense.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1130 hospitalized children died from infections, accounting for 18.8 % of all deaths and 0.015 % of the total hospitalizations in the database during the period. Boys had a higher fatality than girls across different regions, age groups, years. Among all age groups, 0–28 days and 29 days–1 year group (≤365 days) had a higher number and proportion of deaths than other age groups. In terms of year of admission, the COVID-19 period (2020–2021) had a lower number of infections related death cases than pre-COVID-19 period. Further analysis of infection-related causes indicated that sepsis was the most common cause of death, followed by pneumonia, central nervous system infection, shock, enteritis, and myocarditis. The pathogens (bacterium, virus, fungus) were identified in 30.6 % of children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Infections are the significant cause of death among hospitalized children in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102743"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world use and treatment outcomes of ceftazidime-avibactam in gram-negative bacterial infection in Taiwan: A multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Tsung-Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Ching-Tai Huang ,&nbsp;Po-Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Yi-Tsung Lin ,&nbsp;Yu-Shan Huang ,&nbsp;Peng-Hao Chang ,&nbsp;Chien-Hao Tseng ,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Chang ,&nbsp;Po-Liang Lu ,&nbsp;Yee-Chun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) has been launched in Asian countries for five years, but local real-world data about patient characteristics, efficacy, and safety of CAZ-AVI is limited. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to investigate the clinical characteristics, microbiology, and outcomes of patients treated with CAZ-AVI for Gram-negative bacterial infection in Taiwan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This investigation was conducted as a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving five medical centers in Taiwan. Adult patients with documented/suspected Gram-negative bacterial infection and received ≥ 24 hours of CAZ-AVI were eligible for study cohort enrollment. In-hospital mortality was defined as the primary outcome, while symptom resolution or significant improvement, considered the secondary outcome, was defined as clinical success.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 472 patients treated by CAZ-AVI, 46.2 % (218/472) had respiratory tract infections, 22.0 % (104/472) had complicated urinary tract infections, 14.0 % (66/472) had complicated intra-abdominal infections, and 10.0 % (47/472) had primary bacteremia. Most patients receiving ceftazidime/avibactam in Taiwan are old (mean: 70.6 years old), have a high SOFA score (mean 8.4), and have a high Charlson Comorbidity Index score (345/472, 73.1 % ≥ 4). 90 % of CAZ-AVI were used as targeted therapy for pathogens, including <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (64.4 %, 304/472), <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (17.8 %, 84/472), <em>Escherichia coli</em> (8.3 %, 39/472), and <em>Enterobacter</em> spp<em>.</em> (2.3 %, 11/472). The overall clinical success rate is 58.1 % (274/472). The in-hospital mortality rate is 41.1 % (194/472).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Most patients receiving CAZ-AVI as targeted therapy in Taiwan with characteristics of older age, high SOFA scores, and high CCI scores. Receiving immunomodulators, higher SOFA score, and <em>Enterobacter</em> spp. infections were the significant factors associated with in-hospital mortality, whereas early initiating CAZ-AVI treatment and CAZ-AVI monotherapy are associated with better outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time of developing surgical site infections and its association with patient and procedure characteristics","authors":"Saad A. Almohrij","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the timeframe and risk of developing surgical site infection (SSI) is essential for effective prevention and management strategies. The objective was to examine the post-operative duration before developing SSI and to characterize their patient and procedure characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective SSI surveillance was conducted on 15 operative procedures between 2014 and 2023 in a tertiary-care hospital system. The duration before developing SSI was divided into two groups; early-onset (&lt;median) and late-onset (≥ median) SSIs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total 322 SSI events were included. Approximately 76.7 % of them were superficial, 13.0 % deep, and 10.2 % organ. The majority were detected after discharge (66.6 %) and were laboratory-confirmed (64.6 %). The majority of procedures with SSI were inpatient procedures (96.9 %) and had risk index category of one (70.2 %). The median and mode (most frequent) duration before developing SSI were 15 and 10 days, respectively. Approximately 92.5 % and 98.8 % of SSI were detected within first 30 or 60 days, respectively. After adjusting for all variables that were associated with the duration before developing SSI in univariate analysis, early-onset SSI was significantly associated with female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.29, 95 % confidence 1.18–4.45, p = 0.015) and detection before hospital discharge (OR = 8.06, 95 % confidence 3.83–16.93, p &lt; 0.001) but not coronary artery bypass graft (OR = 0.27, 95 % confidence 0.15–0.51, p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As most of SSI are detected after discharge, the findings underscore the importance of post-discharge surveillance that can be considered as a quality indicator for surveillance. Reducing the SSI follow-up durations from 90 days to 60 days, wouldn’t make much difference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation sequencing for rapid etiologic diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome: A case of life-threatening leptospirosis","authors":"Yu-Ting Weng ,&nbsp;Chun-Kai Huang ,&nbsp;Aristine Cheng ,&nbsp;Sheng-Yuan Ruan ,&nbsp;Jann-Tay Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection with public health implications and diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild symptoms to severe, life-threatening disease. In critical cases, it can cause multiorgan failure and death. Diagnosis is typically based on clinical suspicion and confirmed by laboratory testing. However, in acute, life-threatening cases, obtaining a history of exposure and recognizing early symptoms may be challenging. Traditional diagnostic methods for identifying causative pathogens are time-consuming and limited. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a novel diagnostic tool that identifies pathogens using DNA or RNA from bodily fluids, offering more timely, unbiased results, especially for fastidious or non-culturable organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102727"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}