Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Malignancies in people living with HIV: A 25-years observational study from a tertiary hospital in Italy","authors":"Antonio Anastasia ,&nbsp;Walter Mazzucco ,&nbsp;Luca Pipitò ,&nbsp;Santo Fruscione ,&nbsp;Roberta Gaudiano ,&nbsp;Marcello Trizzino ,&nbsp;Maurizio Zarcone ,&nbsp;Antonio Cascio","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>HIV infection has been associated with an increased risk of cancer development and Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and invasive cervical cancers have been a manifestation of AIDS. With the advent of antiretroviral therapy, a collateral appearance of non-AIDS defining cancers (NADC) has been observed in HIV positive patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From January 1997 to December 2022, we performed an observational cross-sectional study, involving HIV-infected outpatients with both AIDS-defining cancers (ADC) and NADC, followed up in a tertiary hospital in Italy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 153 cases of malignancy were observed, with a higher percentage of NADC (60.8 %) rather than ADC (39.2 %). Mean age at tumour diagnosis was significantly lower for ADC than for NADC in HIV positive individuals (p-value= 0.001). No statistical difference was found between the mean values of zenith HIV-RNA and CD4 count in HIV outpatients with cancer and in those without cancer, while a statistically significant difference was found between the HIV-RNA zenith in HIV outpatients with ADC as compared with NADC (10.2 copies/mL versus 8.1 copies/mL; p-value= 0.007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed a considerably high proportion of non-AIDS defining malignancies in HIV individuals, emphasizing the need to improve the management of these cancer patients at follow up according to the risk profiles and the changing epidemiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 102661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An insight into brucellosis in wild boar and domestic pigs in Europe: A systematic review","authors":"Zita Martins Ruano ,&nbsp;Teresa Letra Mateus ,&nbsp;Madalena Vieira-Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In some European countries, animal brucellosis is a concern that requires a comprehensive understanding of its distribution, hosts and transmission routes, particularly involving wild species, in which the disease is still neglected. This systematic review was designed to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of brucellosis in wild boar and domestic pigs in Europe. A systematic search was conducted in four databases to identify relevant original research articles. Thirty-six articles were included. Brucellosis has been identified in 17 European countries and the most reported circulating <em>Brucella</em> species and biovar was <em>Brucella suis</em> biovar 2. <em>Brucella suis</em> biovar 1, <em>Brucella suis</em> biovar 3, <em>Brucella melitensis</em> biovar 3 and <em>Brucella microti</em> were also identified from molecular investigations. We highlight the diversity in the occurrence of this infection, with the presence of <em>Brucella</em> species with zoonotic potential, and emphasize the need for surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) to humans: A systematic review of individual participant data and meta-analysis","authors":"Darae Woo ,&nbsp;Ian C. Michelow ,&nbsp;Yongyeon Choi ,&nbsp;Hyelan Lee ,&nbsp;Sangshin Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a life-threatening emerging infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to gain new insights into the routes of transmission to humans and assess whether tick bites are the dominant mechanism, as previously reported in the medical literature. Original articles were searched through Embase, Medline, and Global Health from 2009 to 2022. We performed meta-analyses to pool adjusted odds ratio (aOR) estimates using a fixed-effects model. Of 1683 articles, 41 eligible articles from three countries met the inclusion criteria, and five case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The most commonly reported route of transmission in the systematic review of individual participant data was person-to-person contact, particularly through exposure to blood or body fluids. Other routes included tick bites and contact with infected animals, especially cats and dogs. The meta-analysis included studies reporting transmission through human contact (n = 1), tick bites (n = 4), and animal contact (n = 1). Human contact via exposure to bodily fluids significantly increased the odds of infection (aOR: 6.27, 95 % CI: 1.23–42.81). Tick bites had a pooled aOR of 6.36 (95 % CI: 3.34–12.11). Among animal contacts, only dog contact was significant (OR: 3.60, 95 % CI: 1.04–12.51). The typical settings for SFTS transmission were human or animal hospitals, homes, and natural tick habitats. Education and effective interventions to prevent human-to-human spread, in addition to preventing transmission by tick bites, are urgently needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 6","pages":"Article 102685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of SGLT2 inhibitors on the mortality of patients with tuberculosis","authors":"Chung-Shu Lee ,&nbsp;Chung-Han Ho ,&nbsp;Kuang-Ming Liao ,&nbsp;Yu-Cih Wu ,&nbsp;Chin-Chung Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease and is associated with high mortality if not effectively treated. We studied the influence of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) on mortality in patients with TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively recruited patients with new-onset TB from the National Health Insurance database from 2017 to 2020. The association between the one-year mortality in patients with TB and the use of SGLT2-i was analyzed by using Cox proportional hazard regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 34,820 patients with new-onset TB were identified in the period studied. We classified those with use of SGLT2-i (n = 345) and matched a 4-fold cohort of 1380 patients without use of SGLT2-i (n = 1380) by a propensity score method. Times to death averaged 6.2 and 4.6 months in the SGLT2-i group and non-SGLT2-i group, respectively (p = 0.0150). Mortality within 1 year was higher in the non-SGLT2-i group (17.5 % vs. 8.1 %, p &lt; 0.0001) than in the SGLT2-i group. The adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of one-year mortality was significantly lower in patients with total SGLT2-i use (0.42 [0.28–0.63]) and in those with high-dose SGLT2-i use (0.10 [0.03–0.33]) than in the non-SGLT2-i group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SGLT2-i might improve mortality outcomes for patients with TB with a dose response. Although further prospective clinical trials to validate this possibility are needed, the use of SGLT2-i in patients with TB might be considered in the absence of contraindication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 102686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, experience, and willingness to vaccinate against intestinal parasitic infections: A multi-country study in Asia","authors":"Li Ping Wong ,&nbsp;Hai Yen Lee ,&nbsp;Haridah Alias ,&nbsp;Abhishek Lachyan ,&nbsp;Di Khanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Farhana Nishat Seheli ,&nbsp;Jamil Ahmed ,&nbsp;Zhijian Hu ,&nbsp;Yulan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remain a significant public health challenge and a neglected disease in many parts of Asia, contributing to morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable populations. Despite the potential of vaccines to reduce the burden of these neglected IPIs, little is known about the public's willingness to be vaccinated against these infections.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the general population's knowledge, symptom experiences, and willingness to vaccinate against IPIs across six countries: Malaysia, Vietnam, India, Pakistan, and China.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between June and December 2023 across six countries in Asia region. Participants completed a self-administered online questionnaire that assessed demographic information, knowledge of IPIs, symptom experiences, and willingness to receive a vaccine against IPIs for themselves and their children. Univariate and multivariable logistic analyses were performed to determine the factors related to vaccination the willingness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 5470 complete responses were received. The highest proportion of individuals willing to receive the vaccine was in India (86.1 %), followed by China (80.8 %) and Pakistan (75 %), with Vietnam having the lowest proportion at 50.1 %. For child vaccination, China had the highest willingness (83.3 %). A higher knowledge score was significantly associated with increased willingness to be vaccinated [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)= 1.91, 95 % CI: 1.70–2.15]. Additionally, a higher symptom experience score was significantly associated with greater vaccination willingness (aOR=1.71, 95 % CI: 1.50–1.94). Females residing in urban-suburban areas showed significantly higher vaccination intentions. The willingness to vaccinate children against IPIs closely mirrored the trends observed in self-vaccination willingness, with knowledge being the only factor significantly associated with the willingness to vaccinate children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study underscores the importance of enhancing educational efforts regarding neglected IPIs and vaccination, particularly when vaccines are available and recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102689"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling vaccination prioritization strategies for post-pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea accounting for under-reporting and age-structure","authors":"Geunsoo Jang ,&nbsp;Jihyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Robin N. Thompson ,&nbsp;Hyojung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vaccination has played a key role in limiting the impacts of COVID-19. Even though the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic is now over, the potential for substantial numbers of cases and deaths due to novel SARS-CoV-2 variants remains. In the Republic of Korea, a strategy of vaccinating individuals in high-risk groups annually began in October 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used mathematical modeling to assess the effectiveness of alternative vaccination strategies under different assumptions about the number of available vaccine doses. An age-structured transmission model was developed using vaccination and seropositivity data. Various vaccination scenarios were considered, taking into account the effect of undetected or unreported cases (with different levels of reporting by age group): S1: prioritizing vaccination towards the oldest individuals; S2: prioritizing vaccination towards the youngest individuals; and S3: spreading vaccines among all age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our analysis reveals three key findings. First, administering vaccines to older age groups reduces the number of deaths, while instead targeting younger individuals reduces the number of infections. Second, with approximately 6,000,000 doses available annually, it is recommended that older age groups are prioritized for vaccination, achieving a substantial reduction in the number of deaths compared to a scenario without vaccination. Finally, since case detection (and subsequent isolation) affects transmission, the number of cumulative cases was found to be affected substantially by changes in the reporting rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, vaccination and case detection (facilitated by contact tracing) both play important roles in limiting the impacts of COVID-19. The mathematical modeling approach presented here provides a framework for assessing the effectiveness of different vaccination strategies in scenarios with limited vaccine supply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102688"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of fecal neopterin and calprotectin in asymptomatic and symptomatic norovirus-infected children with malnutrition in Indonesia","authors":"Anisa Lailatul Fitria ,&nbsp;Zayyin Dinana ,&nbsp;Aussie Tahta Maharani ,&nbsp;Alinda Syifa Fumizuki ,&nbsp;Faiz Nabila Mumtazya ,&nbsp;Dominikus Raditya Atmaka ,&nbsp;Laura Navika Yamani ,&nbsp;Juniastuti ,&nbsp;Maria Inge Lusida ,&nbsp;Soetjipto ,&nbsp;Septa Indra Puspikawati","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Norovirus infection is the second most frequent viral agent causing gastroenteritis worldwide. Asymptomatic norovirus infection is prevalent in children and is associated with growth failure. Evaluating the intestinal inflammation of asymptomatic norovirus infection is pivotal to overcoming malnutrition, especially in resource-limited settings. The current study aimed to compare the level of fecal neopterin and calprotectin, as the well-established biomarker for intestinal inflammation, in malnourished children with symptomatic and asymptomatic norovirus infections.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In total 78 stool samples from children under five years old were analyzed in this comparative study. The 67 of the participants were malnourished children, with 24 had asymptomatic (ANV) and 18 had symptomatic norovirus infection (SNV), while 25 had no infections (Mal). We assigned 11 healthy children without any infection as control (Healthy). We assessed the fecal neopterin and calprotectin from the stools samples collected during viral diarrhea surveillance in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, using commercially ELISA kit from BT Lab (Zhejiang, China) for human neopterin and calprotectin. The statistical differences were tested using Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The level of fecal neopterin (mean ± SD, 15.46 ± 1.75 nmol/L and 15.12 ± 2.41 nmol/L; <em>p-value</em>: 0.744) and calprotectin (mean ± SD, 184.35 ± 35.09 ng/ml and 177.95 ± 49.55 ng/ml; <em>p-value</em>: 0.457) between ANV and SNV was comparable, also between Mal and Healthy groups. Meanwhile, the level of both biomarkers was significantly different in norovirus positive group and norovirus negative group (<em>p-value</em> &lt; 0.000).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Norovirus infection, regardless of the presence of symptoms, triggered intestinal inflammation, represented by the increased of fecal neopterin and calprotectin level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102687"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of pediatric dengue virus infection, Scenario from a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Kinkar Ghosh ,&nbsp;Selim Reza Tony ,&nbsp;Khaleda Islam ,&nbsp;Reaz Mobarak ,&nbsp;Md. Jahangir Alam ,&nbsp;Md. Kamruzzaman ,&nbsp;Sumaira Alam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Talha ,&nbsp;Abdullah Al Faisal ,&nbsp;Nahidul Islam ,&nbsp;Md Mobarok Hossain ,&nbsp;Mst. Noorjahan Begum ,&nbsp;Mustafizur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne disease and has grown to be a major public health issue, especially in tropical nations like Bangladesh. Globally, children, adolescents, and young adults bear the largest burden of Dengue; the infection rate is highest among infants. However, the epidemiology of pediatric dengue virus infection has been poorly explored in Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This study was carried out at the Bangladesh Shishu Hospital &amp; Institute from July to October 2023. Among 1102 admitted patients, 722 who were positive for dengue rapid test were enrolled.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest number of positive patients were 1-5 years old (38%) followed by 5-10 years (32%). Vomiting (49%) was most common after fever (100%). 71% of patients showed warning signs, with 17 deaths. All patients received antibiotics, and the number of different antibiotics increased with hospital stay. Real-time RT-PCR was conducted on purposively selected 104 rapid test positives and 50 negatives for serotyping. DENV-2 was the most predominant serotype (80%), followed by DENV-3 (20%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscored the need for targeted public health interventions, especially for children with warning signs, to address the high burden of pediatric dengue infection in Bangladesh.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of serological, molecular detection, and characterization of human parvovirus B19 infections among sickle cell anaemia patients in Khartoum State, Sudan","authors":"Khalid Salman ,&nbsp;Sittna Hayder El Nagar ,&nbsp;Abdel Rahim M. El Hussein ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. El Hussein ,&nbsp;Hadi M. Yassine ,&nbsp;Hebah A. Al Khatib ,&nbsp;Mashael Ali Al- Badr ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Farah ,&nbsp;Khalid A. Enan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with haematological disorders, such as sickle cell anaemia, are at an elevated risk of transient aplastic crisis due to parvovirus B19 infection. The virus targets specific integration sites in the human genome, disrupting cellular division. However, the molecular mechanisms of infection remain poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of human parvovirus B19 among patients with sickle cell anaemia in Khartoum State, Sudan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety patients (aged &lt;5 to &gt;15 years) with sickle cell disease attending Gaafer Ibnouaf Children’s Hospital between November 2016 and February 2017 were recruited. Sera and plasma samples were analyzed. IgG and IgM antibodies were measured using ELISA, and viral DNA was detected in plasma using nested-PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of sequenced B19 strains focused on the overlapping region of the minor (VP1) and major (VP2) capsid protein genes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibodies were detected in 57 of 90 patients (63.3 %), while IgM antibodies were present in 7 (7.8 %). Viral DNA was identified in 23 (25.5 %) patients. Among the 23 DNA-positive patients, 7 (30 %) were seronegative for both IgG and IgM antibodies, highlighting the importance of molecular diagnostics in identifying active infections, especially in early stages. Children under 5 years of age exhibited a higher nucleic acid detection rate compared to older age groups, suggesting the importance of molecular testing in younger patients particularly in the early detection of Parvovirus B19 during the acute phase of infection, before the body has developed detectable antibodies and also in immunocompromised children, who may not mount an antibody response detectable by serological methods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct Sudanese clusters: one (50 % of sequences) formed a unique clade with low similarity to existing genotypes, while the other (50 %) closely resembled genotype 1 A sequences from Iraq, Iran, and Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parvovirus B19 antibodies and DNA were detected at high prevalence among Sudanese children with sickle cell anaemia. Screening for parvovirus B19 is critical for patients requiring blood transfusions, particularly those with haematological disorders. This study provides the first report of parvovirus B19 detection, sequencing, and characterization among Sudanese patients with sickle cell anaemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 102682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 on 64 notifiable infectious diseases in Australia: A Bayesian Structural Time Series model","authors":"Shovanur Haque ,&nbsp;Stephen B. Lambert ,&nbsp;Kerrie Mengersen ,&nbsp;Ian G. Barr ,&nbsp;Liping Wang ,&nbsp;Puntani Pongsumpun ,&nbsp;Zhongjie Li ,&nbsp;Weizhong Yang ,&nbsp;Sotiris Vardoulakis ,&nbsp;Hilary Bambrick ,&nbsp;Wenbiao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Several studies have examined the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in Australia and globally. However, to our knowledge none have sufficiently explored their impact on other infectious diseases with robust time series model. In this study, we aimed to use Bayesian Structural Time Series model (BSTS) to systematically assess the impact of NPIs on 64 National Notifiable Infectious Diseases (NNIDs) by conducting a comprehensive and comparative analysis across eight disease categories within each Australian state and territory, as well as nationally.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Monthly data on 64 NNIDs from eight categories were obtained from the Australian National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System. The incidence rates for each infectious disease in 2020 were compared with the 2015–2019 average and then with the expected rates in 2020 using a BSTS model. The study investigated the causal effects of 2020 interventions and analysed the impact of government policy restrictions at the national level from January 2020 to December 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic interventions in Australia, there was a 38 % (95 % Credible Interval [CI] [9 %, 54 %]) overall relative reduction in incidence reported across all disease categories compared to the 2015–2019 average. Significant reductions were observed in bloodborne diseases: 20 % (95 % CI [10 %, 29 %]), respiratory diseases: 79 % (95 % CI [52 %, 91 %]), and zoonoses: 8 % (95 % CI [1 %, 17 %]). Conversely, vector-borne diseases increased by 9 % over the same period. Reductions and intervention effects varied by state and territory, with higher policy stringency linked to fewer cases for some diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>COVID-19 NPIs also impacted the transmission of other infectious diseases, with varying effects across regions reflecting diverse outcomes in response strategies throughout Australia. The findings could inform public health strategies and provide scientific evidence to support the development of early warning systems for future disease outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 102679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}