Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 cases admitted to adult intensive care units during the pandemic: A single center experience","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>COVID-19 is the largest recorded pandemic in history. It causes several complications such as shock, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and organ failure. The objective was to determine COVID-19 outcomes and risk factors in the intensive care (ICU) setting.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted. Adult patients with a positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19 admitted to ICUs of a tertiary care hospital between 2020 and 2022 were included. Patients who had severe complex trauma were excluded. The outcomes examined included ventilation use and duration, length of stay (LOS), and mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 964 patients were included. The mean ( ± standard deviation, SD) age was 63.7 ± 16.9 years. The majority of the patients were males (59.0 %) and Saudi (75.7 %). Ventilation use was documented in 443 (57.1 %) patients, with a mean ( ± SD) ventilation duration of 9.7 ± 8.4 days. Death occurred in 361 (37.4 %) patients after a mean ( ± SD) of 33.3 ± 44.5 days from infection. The mean ( ± SD) LOS was 30.6 ± 54.1 days in hospital and 5.2 ± 5.4 days in ICU. Ventilation use was associated with older age, males, longer ICU LOS, mortality, and admission to medical-surgical ICU. Crude mortality use was associated with older age, longer ICU LOS, use of ventilator, shorter ventilation duration, and admission to medical-surgical or respiratory ICUs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>COVID-19 patients admitted to adult ICUs are at high risk of death and mechanical ventilation. The crude risks of both outcomes are higher in older age and longer ICU LOS and are very variable by ICU type.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002090/pdfft?md5=285551c8bdcf2d8902a382e004cabcb5&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002090-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is syphilis infection a risk factor for cervicovaginal HPV occurrence? A case-control study","authors":"Napoleão Moura Dias Neto ,&nbsp;Vanessa Gonçalves Nunes Moura Dias ,&nbsp;Denise Maria Christofolini","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Syphilis and human papillomavirus (HPV) are sexually transmitted infections affecting women in the same risk group. Thus, the main objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV in a population of women with and without syphilis and observe the characteristics of HPV cervical lesions when coinfection occurs. Sociodemographic factors associated with coinfection were also evaluated. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at a Brazilian HIV/STD testing and training center. Study groups were composed of women with (case) and without syphilis (control), paired by age. The presence of HPV, HPV subtype, and lesion severity were investigated. All women were subjected to a sociodemographic interview, clinical data collection, cell collection for cytopathological analysis, and a hybrid capture test for HPV diagnosis. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The sample consisted of 176 women, 88 in each group. The prevalence of HPV was 14.8 % in the case (n = 13) and 18.1 % in the control group (n = 16), and there was no statistically significant difference between them. Illiterate individuals were more prevalent in the control group (p = 0.023). Considering women with suggestive signs of STIs, 30 % (6) of the patients and controls had high-risk HPV, and 15 % (3) had coinfection. The cytopathological assessment showed no differences between the groups concerning cellular atypia. However, ASC-US and ASC-H (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance and high-grade) were only found in women with coinfections, with 75 % of these patients testing positive for high-risk HPV. Considering the distribution of lesions on the cervix, the HSIL (high-grade intraepithelial lesion) was assessed in high-risk HPV patients, both cases and controls. Conclusions: The prevalence of HPV was not increased in patients infected with syphilis. In addition, coinfection does not seem to be an aggravating factor for the presence of precursor lesions of cervical cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002065/pdfft?md5=e48165f8d4782966e8d1fc13f9280cd1&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002065-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141390515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of next-generation polyvalent vaccine candidates against three important poxviruses by targeting DNA-dependent RNA polymerase using an integrated immunoinformatics and molecular modeling approach","authors":"Anuj Kumar ,&nbsp;Mansi Dutt ,&nbsp;Budheswar Dehury ,&nbsp;Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez ,&nbsp;Krishna Pal Singh ,&nbsp;David J. Kelvin","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Poxviruses comprise a group of large double-stranded DNA viruses and are known to cause diseases in humans, livestock animals, and other animal species. The Mpox virus (MPXV; formerly Monkeypox), variola virus (VARV), and volepox virus (VPXV) are among the prevalent poxviruses of the <em>Orthopoxviridae</em> genera. The ongoing Mpox infectious disease pandemic caused by the Mpox virus has had a major impact on public health across the globe. To date, only limited repurposed antivirals and vaccines are available for the effective treatment of Mpox and other poxviruses that cause contagious diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The present study was conducted with the primary goal of formulating multi-epitope vaccines against three evolutionary closed poxviruses i.e., MPXV, VARV, and VPXV using an integrated immunoinformatics and molecular modeling approach. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (DdRp), a potential vaccine target of poxviruses, has been used to determine immunodominant B and T-cell epitopes followed by interactions analysis with Toll-like receptor 2 at the atomic level.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three multi-epitope vaccine constructs, namely DdRp_MPXV (V1), DdRp_VARV (V2), and DdRp_VPXV (V3) were designed. These vaccine constructs were found to be antigenic, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and soluble with desired physicochemical properties. Protein-protein docking and interaction profiling analysis depicts a strong binding pattern between the targeted immune receptor TLR2 and the structural models of the designed vaccine constructs, and manifested a number of biochemical bonds (hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and non-bonded contacts). State-of-the-art all-atoms molecular dynamics simulations revealed highly stable interactions of vaccine constructs with TLR2 at the atomic level throughout the simulations on 300 nanoseconds. Additionally, the outcome of the immune simulation analysis suggested that designed vaccines have the potential to induce protective immunity against targeted poxviruses.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Taken together, formulated next-generation polyvalent vaccines were found to have good efficacy against closely related poxviruses (MPXV, VARV, and VPXV) as demonstrated by our extensive immunoinformatics and molecular modeling evaluations; however, further experimental investigations are still needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002041/pdfft?md5=96e58a513696a5dedb56c74b878d91fa&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002041-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in cancer patients after COVID-19 vaccination during the Omicron wave: a prospective study","authors":"María José Muñoz-Gómez ,&nbsp;Pablo Ryan ,&nbsp;Marta Quero-Delgado ,&nbsp;María Martin-Vicente ,&nbsp;Guillermo Cuevas ,&nbsp;Jorge Valencia ,&nbsp;Eva Jiménez ,&nbsp;Natalia Blanca-López ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Lara-Álvarez ,&nbsp;José Ángel Hernández-Rivas ,&nbsp;Gerardo Redondo ,&nbsp;Vicente Mas ,&nbsp;Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo ,&nbsp;Mónica Vázquez ,&nbsp;Juan Torres-Macho ,&nbsp;Isidoro Martínez ,&nbsp;Salvador Resino","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cancer patients often have weakened immune systems, resulting in a lower response to vaccines, especially those receiving immunosuppressive oncological treatment (OT). We aimed to assess the impact of OT on the humoral and T-cell response to the B.1 lineage and Omicron variant following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with solid and hematological neoplasms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a prospective study on cancer patients, stratified into OT and non-OT groups, who received a two-dose series of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and a booster six months later. The outcomes measured were the humoral (anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG titers and ACE2-S interaction inhibition capacity) and cellular (SARS-CoV-2 S-specific T-cell spots per million PBMCs) responses against the B.1 lineage and Omicron variant. These responses were evaluated four weeks after the second dose (n = 98) and eight weeks after the booster dose (n = 71).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The humoral response after the second vaccine dose against the B.1 lineage and Omicron variant was significantly weaker in the OT group compared to the non-OT group (q-value&lt;0.05). A booster dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine significantly improved the humoral response in the OT group, making it comparable to the non-OT group. The mRNA-1273 vaccine, designed for the original Wuhan strain, elicited a weaker humoral response against the Omicron variant compared to the B.1 lineage, regardless of oncological treatment or vaccine dose. In contrast, T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, including the Omicron variant, were already present after the second vaccine dose and were not significantly affected by oncological treatments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Cancer patients, particularly those receiving immunosuppressive oncological treatments, should require booster doses and adapted COVID-19 vaccines for new SARS-CoV-2 variants like Omicron. Future studies should evaluate the durability of the immune response and the efficacy of individualized regimens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002077/pdfft?md5=a6ebf6ee6f401095455250652182c641&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002077-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling therapeutic dynamics: An in-depth comparative analysis of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and favipiravir in alleviating COVID-19 outpatients impacts among middle-aged and special populations (MA-FAST)","authors":"Taweegrit Siripongboonsitti ,&nbsp;Kriangkrai Tawinprai ,&nbsp;Thachanun Porntharukcharoen ,&nbsp;Supamas Sirisreetreerux ,&nbsp;Thitapha Thongchai ,&nbsp;Kamonwan Soonklang ,&nbsp;Nithi Mahanonda","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NMabs) are recognized for their efficacy against non-severe COVID-19. However, spike protein mutations may confer resistance. This study evaluates the effectiveness of favipiravir (FPV) versus NMabs in preventing severe COVID-19 in special populations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective cohort was conducted on middle-aged, elderly, diabetic, or obese patients with COVID-19 treated with either FPV or NMabs. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used for analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study included 1410 patients, resulting in four cohorts: middle-aged (36), elderly (48), diabetic (46), and obese (28) post-PSM. No significant differences were noted in 28-day emergency department (ED) visits across all groups between NMabs and FPV treatments, despite lower immunity in the FPV group. However, the diabetic group treated with FPV had higher 28-day hospitalization and oxygen supplemental, with no differences in the other groups. Intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality rates were similar between the two treatments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Early dose-adjusted FPV showed no difference from NMabs in preventing ED visits, ICU admissions, ventilator needs, or mortality among patients with major comorbidities. Diabetic patients on FPV experienced higher hospitalizations and oxygen needs, with no observed differences in other groups. FPV may be a viable alternative, especially in settings with limited resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002053/pdfft?md5=f2b1104ae8991dc418c3268bbbcf876b&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of malaria in Gabon: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 1980 to 2023","authors":"Yann Vital Sima-Biyang ,&nbsp;Steede Seinnat Ontoua ,&nbsp;Neil Michel Longo-Pendy ,&nbsp;Clark Mbou-Boutambe ,&nbsp;Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi ,&nbsp;Cyr Kinga Moussadji ,&nbsp;Jean-Bernard Lekana-Douki ,&nbsp;Larson Boundenga","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this were conducted to elucidate spatiotemporal variations in malaria epidemiology in Gabon since 1980. For that, five databases, were used to collect and identify all studies published between 1980 and 2023 on malaria prevalence, antimalarial drug resistance, markers of antimalarial drug resistance and insecticide resistance marker. The findings suggest that Gabon continues to face malaria as an urgent public health problem, with persistently high prevalence rates. Markers of resistance to CQ persist despite its withdrawal, and markers of resistance to SP have emerged with a high frequency, reaching 100 %, while ACTs remain effective. Also, recent studies have identified markers of resistance to the insecticides Kdr-w and Kdr-e at frequencies ranging from 25 % to 100 %. Ace1R mutation was reported with a frequency of 0.4 %. In conclusion, the efficacy of ACTs remains above the threshold recommended by the WHO. Organo-phosphates and carbamates could provide an alternative for vector control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124001886/pdfft?md5=e654ac50694ebb79bf2cd1667a2b06d3&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124001886-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is YouTube a reliable source of information on antimicrobial resistance in the Arab world?","authors":"Raghad Y. Bajaba,&nbsp;Shahad S. Aljerrari,&nbsp;Aroob E. Al-Bukhari,&nbsp;Mashael H. Qadah,&nbsp;Abrar K. Thabit","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124001576/pdfft?md5=501b193aba06eda4c038642bc5d1a458&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124001576-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of acinetobacter implicated in wound infections","authors":"Hanan S. Alghamdi,&nbsp;Hesham A. Malak,&nbsp;Hussein H. Abulreesh","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412400162X/pdfft?md5=d7701db69338b6c612cba3d71ff015cb&pid=1-s2.0-S187603412400162X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141231395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shorter versus longer courses of antibiotics for bloodstream infections caused by carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae: Multicenter study in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ahlam Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Hajar Alghatani ,&nbsp;Nada Alkhani ,&nbsp;Afrah Alkazemi ,&nbsp;Majed Almajed","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124001503/pdfft?md5=f3ab89d0438f40e66ed52272ac3e0878&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124001503-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141233154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of knowledge and attitudes of college of medicine medical interns toward HIV positive l subjects at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Israa Abdullah Malli,&nbsp;Alhanoof Aljahdali,&nbsp;Amal Almutairi,&nbsp;Raghad Jar,&nbsp;Reham Alzahrani,&nbsp;Muhammad Anwar Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.05.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124001746/pdfft?md5=c58fa0e3ed9672e9869595887321ed4d&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124001746-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141231507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}