Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"Special Issue \"Role of Exercises in Musculoskeletal Disorders-6th Edition\".","authors":"Giuseppe Musumeci","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010063","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sixth edition of the Special Issue entitled \"Role of Exercise in Musculoskeletal Disorders\" has been collated, substantially advancing the conversation on the effectiveness and practicality of exercise-based interventions for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus on One Swimming Stroke or Compete in Multiple: How Much Specialization Is Needed to Become a World-Class Female Swimmer?","authors":"Dennis-Peter Born, Jenny Lorentzen, Jesús J Ruiz-Navarro, Thomas Stöggl, Michael Romann, Glenn Björklund","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010064","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To investigate performance development and variety in swimming strokes of female swimmers from early junior to elite age. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 194,788 race times of female 200 m swimmers representing 77 nations were ranked at peak performance age and clustered into world-class finalists (>850 swimming points), international-class (750-850), national-class (650-750) and regional-class swimmers (550-650). Annual best times for each swimming stroke were retrospectively extracted throughout adolescence from 13 years of age. Longitudinal performance development and differences between the swimmers' main and their secondary swimming strokes were analyzed using linear mixed model. <b>Results</b>: World-class freestyle swimmers show significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.042) higher swimming points across all age categories compared to international-, national- and regional-class swimmers. Linear mixed model analysis indicates a significant performance progression for international- and national-class freestyle swimmers up to the 19-20-year-old category (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.038), but an earlier plateau was observed for regional-class swimmers (<i>p</i> = 0.714). Comparing main and secondary swimming strokes, freestyle swimmers show the highest degree of specialization. For breaststroke and individual medleys, specialization increases with increasing performance level and the closer an athlete is to elite age. World-class butterfly and backstroke finalists show the lowest specializations in terms of the smallest number of significant differences compared to performances in their secondary swimming strokes. <b>Conclusions</b>: Higher ranked swimmers show a greater degree of specialization. As different specialization patterns are evident for the various swimming strokes, decision makers and talent specialists should align development guidelines accordingly and base them on the most advantageous combinations of swimming strokes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue \"Applied Sport Physiology and Performance-3rd Edition\".","authors":"W Guy Hornsby","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010062","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Special Issue, \"Applied Sport Physiology and Performance-3rd edition\", is a follow up to the previous two iterations (i [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder Prevalence by Body Area Among Nurses in Europe: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Philippe Gorce, Julien Jacquier-Bret","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010066","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Nurses are highly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Global prevalence exceeds 80%, and several body areas are equally at risk. Numerous studies have assessed the exposure in many countries, but few have provided an overview by continent. The aim of this study was to propose a literature review and meta-analysis to investigate the overall and body area prevalence of WMSDs among nurses in Europe. <b>Methods</b>: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted between September and November 2024. Five databases were scanned without a date limit: ScienceDirect, PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Science.gov, and Mendeley. The article selection, review, critical appraisal, and data extraction were performed by two authors independently. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used for reporting the search results. <b>Results</b>: Among the 15,751 unique identified records, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for data extraction. The studies reported a total of 5153 nurses in Europe. High heterogeneity (Cochran's Q test and I² statistic) was observed between studies. The results of the meta-analysis based on the random-effects model showed an overall prevalence of 87.8% (95% CI: 83.3-92.2%). The highest prevalence was found for lower back 61.4% (95% CI: 55.1-67.7%), neck 49.9% (95% CI: 42.9-56.8%), and upper back 46.3% (95% CI: 42.4-50.2%). <b>Conclusions</b>: Nurses are highly exposed to WMSDs, with a prevalence of over 30% for three-quarters of body areas. Due to the multitude of risk factors associated with nurses' work, the development of recommendations is a complex multifactorial issue, requiring the exploration of different strategies to reduce the prevalence of MSDs in nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback on Anxiety Reduction and Batting Performance Enhancement in Taiwan University Baseball Players.","authors":"Yun-Ting Su, Po-Hsun Huang, Tzu-Chien Hsiao","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010065","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> A commonly observed phenomenon is that although the players in a baseball team have received the same training content and volume, their batting performance is quite different. As no optimal solution exists for this problem at present, this study attempted to explore the potential of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) to reduce anxiety and improve batting performance in university baseball players. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A total of 18 college baseball players were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Both groups answered questionnaires and had their physiological signals and batting performance measured on the first and last days of the experiment (i.e., days 0 and 10, respectively). Only the experimental group received HRVB training between the first and last days (10 days in total). <b>Results:</b> The results showed that before training, no significant differences were found in physiological, psychological, or performance parameters between the two groups. Compared to the control group, following HRVB training, the experimental group showed a notable decrease in cognitive anxiety (before HRVB: 23.56 ± 4.07; after HRVB: 20.11 ± 4.78; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and their batting performance improved significantly (batting score increased from 9.8 ± 11.7 to 19.8 ± 12.0 after HRVB; <i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study validated that the use of HRVB can help to improve batting performance and reduce anxiety in college baseball players. Therefore, HRVB can be applied before competition matches, helping the players to perform better.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Gross Motor Competence in Italian Children Aged 3-11 Years: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Cristiana D'Anna, Fabio Carlevaro, Francesca Magno, Roberto Vagnetti, Pierpaolo Limone, Daniele Magistro","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010061","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in studies examining motor learning during preschool age and the early years of primary school. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in gross motor competence among Italian children aged 3-11 years. <b>Methods</b>: A convenience sample of 8500 children (mean age = 8.37 years, SD = 1.98; 50% female) was included in this cross-sectional study. Gross motor skills were assessed using the Italian version of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3, which evaluates locomotion and ball control skills. A Linear Mixed Model was applied to examine the interaction between sex and age, with school included as a random intercept and BMI as a covariate. <b>Results</b>: The results revealed a consistent trend of boys achieving significantly higher total scores for global motor competence (<i>p</i> < 0.001) across all age groups, except at age 11. Boys also demonstrated superior performance in ball control skills (<i>p</i> < 0.005) at all ages. In contrast, no significant differences were observed for locomotion skills overall. However, girls outperform boys in locomotor skills at ages 6, 7, and 8 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with this trend disappearing by age 9. <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings highlight important sex-related differences in gross motor development during childhood, influenced by both biological and environmental factors. The results underscore the need for targeted interventions in educational settings to provide equitable opportunities for motor skill development, particularly for girls. Enhancing the quality of physical education and addressing gender disparities can support the acquisition of essential motor skills and promote lifelong physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate Effects of Focal Muscle Vibration on Squat Power and Velocity in Amateur Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sergi Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Max Canet-Vintró, Carlos López-de-Celis, Zhifan Shen-Chen, Iván Caballero-Martínez, Erik García-Ribell, Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010060","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Squat exercises are widely recognized for their ability to improve sports performance. Recent advancements in force/velocity profiling have highlighted the importance of power and velocity in explosive movements. While various training methods have been applied to enhance these parameters, their effectiveness remains inconsistent. Focal vibration has emerged as a potential intervention, yet its impact on squat performance has not been extensively explored. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of focal vibration with voluntary contractions on power/velocity during a squat exercise in amateur athletes in comparison with voluntary contraction in isolation. <b>Methods:</b> A double-blind, randomized clinical trial with 72 amateur athletes. Velocity, power, muscle activity, perceived effort, and clinical change were measured. The experimental group received focal muscle vibration therapy (100-180 Hz) combined with voluntary contraction, while the sham group underwent identical procedures and focal muscle vibration without the vibrating head, close to the muscle belly but without touching the skin. <b>Results:</b> Statistically significant improvements in the experimental group were found for mean power (<i>p</i> < 0.001; ES = 0.08), peak velocity (<i>p</i> < 0.010; ES = 0.42), and mean velocity (<i>p</i> < 0.001; ES = 0.66) during the squat. Between-group analysis favored the experimental group in peak power (<i>p</i> < 0.049; ES = 0.65), mean power (<i>p</i> < 0.034; ES = 1.42), peak velocity (<i>p</i> < 0.024; ES = 0.095), and mean velocity (<i>p</i> < 0.002; ES = 1.67). <b>Conclusions:</b> Focal muscle vibration (100-180 Hz) combined with active muscle contraction significantly enhances power and velocity during squat exercises in amateur athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Fat Mass Percentage with Proprioception in Children.","authors":"Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz, Yeny Concha-Cisternas, Guillermo Méndez-Rebolledo, Manuel Vásquez-Muñoz, Pablo Valdés-Badilla, Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela, Cristian Núñez-Espinosa, Jordan Hernández-Martínez","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010059","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Childhood obesity is linked to motor and sensorimotor impairments, including proprioceptive deficits. While research has predominantly focused on lower limb proprioception, less is known about the impact on upper limbs. This study investigated the relationship between body mass index, body fat percentage, and proprioception of children aged 11-12 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative, correlational, observational design was employed. BMI was calculated from weight and height measurements, body fat percentage was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis, and proprioception was measured using an active repositioning test with inertial sensors in 44 children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant correlations were found between BMI and positional errors in the shoulder (r = 0.64, <i>p</i> < 0.001), elbow (r = 0.36, <i>p</i> = 0.007), and knee (r = 0.42, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Regarding body fat percentage, significant correlations were observed with positional errors in the shoulder (r = 0.28, <i>p</i> = 0.031), elbow (r = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and knee (r = 0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.030). Regression analysis showed that BMI and body fat percentage significantly predicted positional errors in the shoulder, elbow, and knee. In the shoulder joint, girls demonstrated lower positional errors compared to boys, influenced by both BMI (β = -1.36, <i>p</i> = 0.015) and body fat percentage (β = -3.00, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher BMI and body fat percentage are associated with shoulder, elbow, and knee joint proprioceptive deficits. Interventions targeting weight reduction and proprioceptive training may mitigate these deficits and promote sensorimotor function in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Elastic Taping Improves Ankle Range of Motion Equivalent to Static Stretching in Untrained Subjects.","authors":"Riyaka Ito, Tatsuya Igawa, Ryunosuke Urata, Shomaru Ito, Kosuke Suzuki, Hiroto Takahashi, Mika Toda, Mio Fujita, Akira Kubo","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010058","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objective</b>: Maintaining sufficient ankle joint range of motion (ROM) contributes to efficient movement in sports and daily activities. Static stretching (SS), while effective, demands significant time, highlighting the need for alternative, time-efficient approaches to improve ROM. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined intervention (CI) using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and elastic tape versus SS. <b>Methods</b>: This randomized crossover trial was conducted in healthy university students. They underwent both interventions with a 1-week washout period. The CI entailed the application of elastic tape to the plantar surface of the foot coupled with NMES targeting the posterior lower leg muscles for 1 min. SS was administered for 5 min using a tilt table. Outcome measures included the dorsiflexion angle (DFA), finger-floor distance (FFD), straight leg raise (SLR) angle, plantar flexor strength (PFS), and knee flexor strength (KFS), assessed pre- and post-intervention. DFA was analyzed using equivalence testing with a predefined margin. <b>Results</b>: Both interventions yielded significant improvements in DFA, FFD, and SLR. The combination of NMES and elastic tape demonstrated equivalence to 5 min of SS in enhancing DFA. Neither intervention resulted in a significant reduction in PFS or KFS. <b>Conclusions</b>: The CI of NMES and elastic tape effectively and safely improves flexibility in a short time. Its time efficiency makes it a promising alternative to SS, especially for brief warm-ups or limited rehabilitation time. Further research should explore its long-term effects and broader applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tennis Serve Speed in Relation to Isokinetic Shoulder Strength, Height, and Segmental Body Mass in Junior Players.","authors":"Jan Vacek, Michal Vagner, Jan Malecek, Petr Stastny","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10010057","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10010057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The relationship between the isokinetic maximal strength of internal or external shoulder rotation and serve speed in tennis is well established, yet the influence of segmental mass, height, and high-speed shoulder rotation strength on serve performance in junior players remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between concentric or eccentric isokinetic shoulder strength, segmental mass, height, and first-serve speed aimed at the T-target zone. <b>Methods:</b> Fifteen male junior competitive tennis players (mean ± SD: age 15.9 ± 0.9 years; height: 180.1 ± 7.2 cm; body mass: 66.1 ± 5.7 kg) were assessed for maximal isokinetic strength during concentric and eccentric internal and external shoulder rotations. Segmental mass (arm, leg, and trunk) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and serve speed was recorded using a radar gun. <b>Results:</b> Concentric shoulder rotations at 210°/s demonstrated significant positive correlations with serve speed for both external (ρ = 0.71, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) and internal rotation (ρ = 0.61, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Although lean arm mass partially mediated the relationship between shoulder strength and serve speed (indirect effect = 0.502, 95% CI: -0.156 to 1.145), this mediation effect was not statistically significant. Height was moderately correlated with serve speed (ρ = 0.68, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.01) but did not moderate the relationship between shoulder strength and serve speed. <b>Conclusions:</b> Concentric shoulder strength at higher angular velocities and segmental mass contribute to serve speed in junior tennis players. While height provides structural advantages, strength and lean mass play important roles, emphasizing the need for targeted training programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}