Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Utility of Ocular Assessments in Sport-Related Concussion: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Ayrton Walshe, Ed Daly, Lisa Ryan","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030157","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/objectives:</b> Ocular tools and technologies may be used in the diagnosis of sport-related concussions (SRCs), but their clinical utility can vary. The following study aimed to review the literature pertaining to the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of such assessments. <b>Methods:</b> The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews was adhered to. Reference standard reliability (RSR ≥ 0.75) and diagnostic accuracy (RSDA ≥ 0.80) were implemented to aid interpretation. <b>Results:</b> In total, 5223 articles were screened using the PCC acronym (Population, Concept, Context) with 74 included in the final analysis. Assessments included the King-Devick (KD) (n = 34), vestibular-ocular motor screening (VOMs) and/or near point of convergence (NPC) (n = 25), and various alternative tools and technologies (n = 20). The KD met RSR, but RSDA beyond amateur sport was limited. NPC met RSR but did not have RSDA to identify SRCs. The VOMs had conflicting RSR for total score and did not meet RSR in its individual tests. The VOMs total score did perform well in RSDA for SRCs. No alternative tool or technology met both RSR and RSDA. <b>Conclusion:</b> Ocular tools are useful, rapid screening tools but should remain within a multi-modal assessment for SRCs at this time.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The IntegraPark Study: An Opportunity to Facilitate High-Intensity Exercise with Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson's Disease Patients.","authors":"José M Cancela-Carral, Pablo Campo-Prieto, Gustavo Rodríguez-Fuentes","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030156","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>high-intensity exercise is a feasible and effective modality in the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there are only a few studies that have carried out this type of intervention in customizable immersive virtual reality (IVR) environments. We explore the feasibility and effects of IVR-based high-intensity training through rowing and cycling exercises on the functional capacity, quality of life, and progression of PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a total of 12 participants (61.50 ± 10.49 years old; 41.7% female, 58.3% male; stages I-III) were part of the study, which consisted of interventions of rowing and cycling in an IVR commercial exergame (25 min; twice per week for 14 weeks). The main variables measured were functional capacity, handgrip strength, functional mobility (TUG), functional lower-limb strength (FTSST), aerobic capacity (2-min step test), quality of life (PDQ-39), and Parkinson's disease progression (MDS-UPDRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the results showed a general improvement in handgrip strength in both hands (<i>p</i> = 0.008; d = 0.28), FTSST (<i>p</i> = 0.029; d = 0.96), and TUG times (<i>p</i> = 0.152; d = 0.22). Aerobic capacity, assessed by a 2-min step test, showed enhanced scores (<i>p</i> = 0.031; d = 0.78). Related to the PDQ-39, all dimensions of the scale were enhanced, highlighting activities of daily living (<i>p</i> = 0.047; d = 0.29) and bodily discomfort (<i>p</i> = 0.041; d = 0.37). Finally, the main symptoms of the disease were reduced, with an improvement in the parameters that show a better incidence of disease progression, such as Part IA and IB (<i>p</i> = 0.013; d = 0.29 and <i>p</i> = 0.021; d = 0.25, respectively), Part II (<i>p</i> = 0.021; d = 0.23), Part III (<i>p</i> = 0.040; d = 0.39), and Part IV (<i>p</i> = 0.013; d = 0.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the therapeutic exercise (rowing and cycling), when carried out at a high intensity and in a personalized IVR scenario, appear to be a feasible and safe modality for patients with stages I-III of PD, improving their functional capacity, quality of life, and disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Validity and Reliability of a Free Smartphone Application for Evaluation of Jump Height.","authors":"Amândio Dias, Paulo Pires, Leandro Santana, Paulo Marques, Mário C Espada, Fernando Santos, Eduardo Jorge Da Silva, André Rebelo, Diogo S Teixeira","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030155","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Jump test assessment is commonly used for physical tests, with different type of devices used for its evaluation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of a freely accessible mobile application (VertVision, version 2.0.5) for measuring jump performance. <b>Methods:</b> With that intent, thirty-eight college age recreationally active subjects underwent test assessment after a specific warm-up, performing countermovement jumps (CMJs) and squat jumps (SJs) on a contact platform while being recorded with a smartphone camera. Jump height was the criterion variable, with the same formula being used for both methods. Data analysis was performed by two experienced observers. <b>Results:</b> The results showed strong correlations with the contact platform (ICC > 0.9) for both jumps. Furthermore, between-observer reliability was also high (ICC > 0.9; CV ≤ 2.19), with lower values for smallest worthwhile change (≤0.23) and typical error of measurement (≤0.14). Estimation error varied when accounting for both observers, with the SJ accounting for bigger differences (4.1-6.03%), when compared to the CMJ (0.73-3.09%). <b>Conclusions:</b> The study suggests that VertVision is a suitable and handy method for evaluating jump performance. However, it presents a slight estimation error when compared to the contact platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Salivary BDNF and Improved Fundamental Motor Skills in Children Following a 3-Month Integrated Neuromuscular Training in Primary School.","authors":"Fidanka Vasileva, Raquel Font-Lladó, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Víctor López-Ros, Anna Ferrusola-Pastrana, Abel López-Bermejo, Anna Prats-Puig","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030154","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a protein involved in synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity, which underlie the processes of learning and memory formation. Acute exercise and exercise training increase BDNF concentration. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a 3-month integrated neuromuscular training (INT) on salivary BDNF concentration and the mastery of fundamental motor skills in school-aged children. An additional goal was to explore the associations between potential changes in BDNF and fundamental motor skills. Sixty-seven primary school-aged children were randomly allocated to control (N = 32; 7.52 ± 0.31 y) or INT groups (N = 35; 7.56 ± 0.29 y). A 3-month INT was applied during the warm-up of physical education (PE) classes, twice weekly. Salivary BDNF was measured using a sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mastery of fundamental motor skills was assessed using the CAMSA test, at baseline and after 3 months. The children in the INT group, as compared to the children in the control group, exhibited higher salivary BDNF (F = 8.865; <i>p</i> = 0.004), higher scores for sidestep (F = 13.240, <i>p</i> = 0.001), 1-foot hop (F = 11.684, <i>p</i> = 0.001), kick (F = 4.010, <i>p</i> = 0.050), the sum of locomotor skills (F = 18.799, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), and the sum of control and manipulative skills (F = 8.151, <i>p</i> = 0.006), as well as the total sum of fundamental motor skills (F = 11.266, <i>p</i> = 0.001) after the 3 months. Interestingly, the increase in salivary BDNF concentration after the 3-month INT was associated with an improvement in locomotor skills (beta = 0.385; <i>p</i> = 0.039; adjusted R² = 0.088) and the total improvement in fundamental motor skills (beta = 0.428; <i>p</i> = 0.020; adjusted R² = 0.124). A school-based 3-month INT increased salivary BDNF and improved the mastery of fundamental motor skills in children, highlighting the positive impact of this intervention for a pediatric population.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing the Mandibular Position in Rowing: A Brief Report of a World-Class Rower.","authors":"Filipa Cardoso, Ricardo Cardoso, Pedro Fonseca, Manoel Rios, João Paulo Vilas-Boas, João C Pinho, David B Pyne, Ricardo J Fernandes","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030153","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the acute biophysical responses of changing the mandibular position during a rowing incremental protocol. A World-class 37-year-old male rower performed two 7 × 3 min ergometer rowing trials, once with no intraoral splint (control) and the other with a mandibular forward repositioning splint (splint condition). Ventilatory, kinematics and body electromyography were evaluated and compared between trials (paired samples <i>t</i>-test, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). Under the splint condition, oxygen uptake was lower, particularly at higher exercise intensities (67.3 ± 2.3 vs. 70.9 ± 1.5 mL·kg^-1·min^-1), and ventilation increased during specific rowing protocol steps (1st-4th and 6th). Wearing the splint condition led to changes in rowing technique, including a slower rowing frequency ([18-30] vs. [19-32] cycles·min^-1) and a longer propulsive movement ([1.58-1.52] vs. [1.56-1.50] m) than the control condition. The splint condition also had a faster propulsive phase and a prolonged recovery period than the control condition. The splint reduced peak and mean upper body muscle activation, contrasting with an increase in lower body muscle activity, and generated an energetic benefit by reducing exercise cost and increasing rowing economy compared to the control condition. Changing the mandibular position benefited a World-class rower, supporting the potential of wearing an intraoral splint in high-level sports, particularly in rowing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Engagement in Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Club Sports among University Students: A Large-Scale Study.","authors":"Mohamad Motevalli, Clemens Drenowatz, Derrick R Tanous, Gerold Wirnitzer, Werner Kirschner, Gerhard Ruedl, Katharina C Wirnitzer","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030151","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle-related factors have been reported to be associated with physical activity (PA) habits. However, there exist insufficient data comparing different forms of engagement in PA, sports, and exercise. This study aimed to investigate potential factors associated with the engagement in leisure-time PA (LPA) and club sports (CSs) in a large sample of college/university students. This Austria-wide study followed a cross-sectional design with a final sample of 4508 participants (mean age: 24.9 years; 65.9% female) from 52 Austrian colleges/universities. A standardized survey was used to collect data on demographics, anthropometric characteristics, and a wide range of health-related lifestyle factors, including patterns of PA and underlying motivations for PA engagement as well as details of dietary habits, sleep routines, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared, logistic regression, and MANCOVA were used for data analysis. Across the entire sample, 85.7% of participants reported regular participation in LPA, including 22.5% who were active members of sports clubs. Of the 36 potential motives listed in the questionnaire, \"maintaining physical health\", \"feeling good\", and \"refreshing the mind\" were the most commonly reported factors motivating students to engage in either LPA or CSs. Ten socio-demographic, dietary, or lifestyle factors were identified as predictors of CSs participation (<i>p</i> < 0.01), whereas only two variables (specifically sleep-related factors) were identified as predictors of LPA participation (<i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings emphasize the importance of considering the type of PA and sport participation and the associated determinants when designing tailored strategies to promote an active lifestyle.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Factors That Contributed to Task Termination during Fatiguing Tasks Anchored to Perceptual Intensities.","authors":"Dolores G Ortega, Robert W Smith, Jocelyn E Arnett, Tyler J Neltner, Trevor D Roberts, Richard J Schmidt, Terry J Housh","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030152","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the effects of sustained, isometric forearm flexion tasks anchored to ratings of perceived exertion of 2 (RPE2_FT) and 8 (RPE8_FT) on the patterns of fatigue-induced changes in torque and neuromuscular responses, time to task failure (TTF), performance fatigability (% decline in maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]), and perceived factors that contributed to task termination. Twelve men (mean ± SD: age = 20.9 ± 2.2 yrs) performed MVICs before and after the tasks and completed post-test questionnaires (PTQ). Data were analyzed using polynomial regression analyses, dependent <i>t</i>-tests, Spearman's rank order correlations, and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. The RPE8_FT had greater (<i>p</i> < 0.001) performance fatigability than the RPE2_FT, despite no difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in TTF. During both tasks, there were significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) composite linear decreases for torque, electromyographic amplitude, and neuromuscular efficiency, and substantial individual variability in the neuromuscular responses. There were no significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) associations among the perceived factors and TTF or performance fatigability. Thus, there were RPE-specific differences in performance fatigability, but not TTF or the composite patterns of changes in torque and neuromuscular responses. In addition, in most cases, the individual neuromuscular, but not torque, patterns of responses were RPE-specific. Furthermore, the perceived factors assessed by the PTQ were not related to TTF or performance fatigability.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1-Year Prevalence and Factors Related to Injuries and Illnesses in Japanese Judo Collegiate Athletes.","authors":"Akira Kinoda, Aleksandra Mącznik, Takeshi Kimura, Yuki Muramoto, Yoshinori Katsumata, Kazuki Sato","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030148","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite its rich history and widespread participation, the research surrounding injuries and illness in judo remains relatively limited compared to other sports. The primary aim of this research was to investigate injuries and illness within a previous year in Japanese collegiate judo athletes and analyze possible factors associated with these. This was a cross-sectional observational study using a web-based survey to collect data on the 1-year prevalence of injuries and illness. This study involved 564 judo athletes (67% males), aged between 18 and 25 years. Of these, 344 athletes (61%) reported one or more injuries within the previous year, and 49 reported illness (9%). The more judo experiences the athlete acquired, the less likely they were to sustain an injury (OR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.56-1.10; <i>p</i>-value < 0.05) or illness (OR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.81-1.00; <i>p</i>-value < 0.05). Support of an athletic trainer was associated with 1.7 times increased odds of sustaining an injury (95% CI: 1.19-2.49; <i>p</i>-value < 0.05). Athletes with obese BMI status (BMI > 30) had 3.1 times higher odds of becoming ill (95% CI: 1.41-6.95; <i>p</i>-value = 0.005), and athletes training more than 5 days per week had the odds of becoming ill increased by 5.1 times (95% CI: 1.11-23.21; <i>p</i>-value = 0.036). Judokas with fewer years of experience and with obese status should be targeted in efforts to prevent injury and illness. Moreover, the support of an athletic trainer and the impact of weekly training days should be targeted in research efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Match-Related Variables Influence the Physical Demands of Professional Female Soccer Players during the Regular Season.","authors":"Lorenzo Marcelli, Fioretta Silvestri, Gianluca Di Pinto, Maria Chiara Gallotta, Davide Curzi","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030149","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate how contextual or environmental factors may influence the athletic performance of female soccer players during competitions, this study aimed to assess the impact of match-related variables (playing surface; opponent levels; opponent result trends; match status, and match outcomes) on the athletic performance of professional female soccer athletes. Seventeen athletes (25.5 ± 4.3 years of age) from the same team competing in the Italian second division were divided into two groups according to their roles and athletic characteristics: Group A (central defenders and forwards) and Group B (right/left full-backs and midfielders). Total distance (TD) and sprint distance (SD); high-speed running (HSR), acceleration (ACC), and deceleration numbers (DEC); average and maximal heart rate (HR_avg; HR_max); and match-related factors were collected during the 22 regular season matches. A <i>T</i>-test and ANOVA were used to calculate the differences between groups in GPS and HR variables and the effects of match-related factors, respectively. Results showed higher running performance in the B group compared to the A group during matches. Increased ACC number was seen in matches played on artificial turf; winning was associated with decreased HR_max and increased DEC number. Athletes covered higher TD reaching lower HR_max when playing against lower-ranking opponents while matches lost/drawn resulted in higher HSR. High HRs (max and avg) were found when playing against a team with a positive performance trend. In summary, match-related factors and opponents' characteristics can affect athletic performance in female soccer athletes. These factors should be considered during in-seasonal training to personalize match preparation and optimize athlete performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective Cognitive Impairment and Physical Activity: Investigating Risk Factors and Correlations among Older Adults in Spain.","authors":"Juan Manuel Franco-García, Ángel Denche-Zamorano, Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Antonio Castillo-Paredes, Cristina Mendoza-Holgado, Jorge Pérez-Gómez","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9030150","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk9030150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subjective cognitive impairment in older persons has a substantial influence on their quality of life and can progress to serious illnesses such as dementia. Physical activity level can help prevent cognitive decline and improve cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between frequency of physical activity and subjective cognitive impairment in Spanish adults aged 65 and over, and to identify different risk factors. Using data from the EHSS20 survey, the study focused on 7082 participants who provided information on cognitive impairment and physical activity. Key predictor variables included age, gender, BMI, marital status, and education level. A significant relationship was found between BMI category and gender, with 66.5% of the population being overweight or obese. Men were more likely to be overweight than women. Socio-demographic factors such as educational level, marital status, and physical activity frequency showed dependent associations with sex. Women had a higher prevalence of subjective cognitive impairment than men. A strong association was found between frequency of physical activity and subjective cognitive impairment, with inactive older people having the highest prevalence of subjective cognitive impairment. Older women who engage in little physical exercise and have less education are at risk for subjective cognitive impairment. Furthermore, for both men and women, being overweight was associated with a more reduced risk than obesity. Significant relationships were also discovered between subjective cognitive impairment, frequency of physical exercise, gender, BMI, and degree of education. In conclusion, older, sedentary women with high BMI and less education are more likely to experience subjective cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}