Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Stimulation Increases Muscle Activity During Exercise in Sedentary People.","authors":"Aurelio Trofè, Alessandro Piras, Luca Breviglieri, Alessandra Laffi, Andrea Meoni, Milena Raffi","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020232","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> A pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) induces electric currents in biological tissue, enhancing muscle energy expenditure during heavy constant-load exercises. In this paper, we investigate the PEMF effect on muscular activation in male sedentary people. <b>Methods</b>: The surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the right leg's vastus medialis (RVM) and biceps femoris (RBF) muscles was recorded and analyzed. The root mean square values were normalized to the peak amplitude observed during maximal voluntary contraction. Measurements were taken at baseline (stationary seated position), during warm-up (unloaded cycling), and throughout 15 min of constant-load exercise performed at moderate intensity. Subjects performed two experimental conditions, when PEMF was turned ON versus OFF. <b>Results</b>: No significant difference was found during the baseline. The analysis during warm-up showed significant differences between conditions (ON vs. OFF) for both muscles (RVM <i>p</i> = 0.019; RBF <i>p</i> < 0.001). The analysis during constant-load exercise showed significant differences between conditions (ON vs. OFF) for RVM only (<i>p</i> = 0.002). <b>Conclusions</b>: This study provides evidence that PEMF stimulation acutely enhances muscle activation, primarily in the vastus medialis, with a comparatively smaller effect on the biceps femoris during moderate-intensity cycling in sedentary young men. The observed increase in EMG activity suggests that PEMF may facilitate neuromuscular excitability and muscle recruitment, potentially through mechanisms related to calcium signaling and enhanced muscle perfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Force Plates to Monitor the Recovery of Vertical Jump Performance After Strenuous Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Caden Williams, Katherine Sullivan, Changki Kim, Lee J Winchester, Michael V Fedewa","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020230","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Force plates are commonly used as a non-fatiguing measure of recovery. However, the recovery time course captured via the force plate assessment of vertical jumps has yet to be established. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the change in vertical jump performance and the time course of recovery following an acute bout of strenuous exercise using force plates. <b>Methods:</b> Peer-reviewed articles (n = 22) published prior to 8 November 2023, were identified by searching three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). Studies included in this review met the following criteria: (1) available in English; (2) involved adult participants >18 years of age; (3) measured the change in vertical jump performance over consecutive days using a force plate system. Individual effect sizes (ESs) were calculated by dividing the change in vertical jump at each timepoint (24 h, 48 h, etc.) by the pooled standard deviation (SD), and they were aggregated using a three-level random-effects model. <b>Results:</b> Vertical jump performance decreased following an acute strenuous exercise bout (ES = -0.2639; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and returned to baseline after 3 days of recovery, with larger decreases observed when assessed using Peak Height rather than Peak Power (ES = -0.4687 vs. ES = -0.1399; <i>p</i> = 0.0393). Older participants showed a larger decrease in vertical jump (β = -0.0489; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Force plates can be used to evaluate recovery post-exercise, with a decline in performance on Days 1 and 2, and full recovery by Day 3. The findings from this study support the use of force plates for the evaluation of recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Function Changes with Swim Training in Healthy and Allergic Endurance Athletes.","authors":"João Rodrigues, Bárbara Jesus, Paulo Caseiro, António Jorge Ferreira, Luís Rama","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020231","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is thought that swimming might elicit remarkable chronic lung function improvements that were not observed in land-based sports. However, there is no consensus on whether this is mainly attributable to genetic predisposition or specific training. This study aimed to characterize athletes' lung function according to their swimming experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 45 male athletes, including 15 swimmers, 15 triathletes, and 15 runners. Spirometry tests were conducted under four conditions: seated on land, prone on land, seated while immersed in water, and prone while immersed in water. The tests were performed on the pool deck and pool, with the order of conditions randomized for each participant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study do not support the idea that there is a window of opportunity for greater lung function adaptations during childhood due to swim training. The accumulated years of swim training are the reason for the increased measurements of FVC and FEV₁ of swimmers. The immersed seated condition measures differences in lung function more accurately relative to swim training experience. Swim training appears to primarily enhance FVC in healthy athletes, while in allergic and asthmatic athletes, it mainly promotes improvements in FEV₁/FVC and FEF_25-75%.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term, Significant Gains from a 10-Day Field-Based Multi-Modal Outdoor Activity Camp with Time-Restricted Feeding Dissipate at Three-Month Follow-Up.","authors":"Katarina Milanović, Nikola Stojanović, Vladimir Miletić, Željko Rajković, Darko Stojanović, Vladimir Ilić, Milica Filipović, Slavka Durlević, Ana Orlić, Igor Ilić","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020229","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This single-arm, pre-post intervention study with a three-month follow-up aimed to determine whether a ten-day outdoor camp combining mixed-modality physical activity and time-restricted feeding elicits positive changes in multiple body-composition outcome measures and whether those changes persist at three-month follow-up. <b>Methods:</b> Forty healthy undergraduates (18 male, 22 female) participated in a 10-day outdoor camp that combined multi-modal physical activities (rock climbing and bouldering, swimming, hiking, applied paddling, survival skills, etc.) with a 13 h daily time-restricted feeding window. Body fat percentage, skeletal muscle percentage, body mass, total body-water percentage, visceral fat level, and skeletal muscle index were measured using the InBody 270 at baseline, immediately post-camp, and at the three-month follow-up. <b>Results:</b> Mixed-effects models with random intercepts for subject revealed significant reductions in body fat percentage (<i>β</i> = -1.63, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and visceral fat level (<i>β</i> = -0.72, <i>p</i> = 0.001), alongside increases in skeletal muscle percentage (<i>β</i> = 1.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001), skeletal muscle index (<i>β</i> = 0.30, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and total body-water percentage (<i>β</i> = 1.19, <i>p</i> < 0.001) from baseline to post-camp; no outcomes differed between baseline and follow-up and no time × sex interactions were observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings indicate that a brief, intensive nature-based intervention can drive rapid, multidimensional improvements in body composition, but structured maintenance is required to sustain benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic Variables as Indicators of Lower Limb Indirect Injury Risk in Professional Soccer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jorge Pérez-Contreras, Juan Francisco Loro-Ferrer, Felipe Inostroza-Ríos, Pablo Merino-Muñoz, Alejandro Bustamante Garrido, Felipe Hermosilla-Palma, Ciro José Brito, Guillermo Cortés-Roco, David Arriagada Tarifeño, Fernando Muñoz-Hinrichsen, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020228","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The high demands of professional soccer predispose players to musculoskeletal injuries. The primary challenge for identifying potential risk factors lies in determining the appropriate assessment methods and indicators to consider. Kinetic variables have been identified as potential indicators of injury risk. <b>Objectives:</b> To conduct a systematic review of the literature analyzing the relationship between kinetic variables and the risk of indirect musculoskeletal injuries of the lower limb in professional soccer players. <b>Methods:</b> A search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus following the PRISMA guidelines. The search included articles that link kinetic variables assessed through dynamometry to indirect lower limb injuries. Sample characteristics, assessments, injury follow-ups, and statistical results were extracted for qualitative synthesis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1096 studies were initially identified, of which 380 duplicates were removed. After screening 716 articles by title and abstract, 631 were excluded. Subsequently, 85 full-text articles were examined, resulting in 11 studies being included. Of the included articles, 10 used isokinetic dynamometry and the Nordic hamstring curl test to assess lower limb strength. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results of this review indicate that kinetic variables, particularly isokinetic strength measures at different angular velocities, are consistently associated with indirect musculoskeletal injury risk in professional soccer players. The most relevant indicators include eccentric hamstring force and concentric quadriceps torque, which help identify strength deficits and muscular disequilibrium. Monitoring these variables through validated assessments enables the development of targeted prevention strategies. Additionally, injury risk assessment should integrate kinetic data with contextual indicators such as well-being, fatigue, and training load.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a 5-Day Back Squat Overreaching Protocol on Strength Performance, Perceived Recovery and Wellness Responses: A Pilot Trial.","authors":"Lee Bell, Alan Ruddock, Jordan Boriel, Tom Maden-Wilkinson, Steve W Thompson, Kieran J Wright, Kieran Burke, David Rogerson","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020227","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to characterise the performance, perceptual, and wellness responses to a barbell back squat overreaching training protocol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight trained male participants (age = 24.6 ± 2.8 years; relative to body mass back squat one repetition maximum (1-RM) = 1.9 ± 0.4; training experience = 7.0 ± 3.2 years) participated in a 5-day squat OR protocol (SqOR), followed by a 14-day taper. SqOR consisted of five sets of barbell back squats using 80% of daily adjusted 1-RM. A 40% velocity loss threshold was used to determine the set end point. For performance, isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) peak force (PF), and countermovement jump (CMJ) PF and jump height; for perceptual, perceived recovery scale (PRS); and for wellness, Hooper Wellness Index (HWI), were recorded at baseline, each day of SqOR, and at select intervals during the taper (POST 1 d, 2 d, 7 d, and 14 d). Follow-up back squat 1-RM testing was conducted at POST 7 d and POST 14 d to determine strength-performance changes relative to baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Back squat 1-RM increased by 4.8% at POST 7 d and 5.2% at POST 14 d. IMTP PF increased by 10.3% at POST 7 d and 11.4% at POST 14 d relative to the baseline. CMJ PF and jump height decreased during SqOR but returned to baseline by POST 7 d. PRS and HWI worsened during SqOR, with the greatest impairment occurring on day 3 (PRS = -41.5%; HWI = 34.4%), and did not return to baseline until POST 14 d and POST 2 d, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate that a short-term period of planned OR improves muscular strength performance, but the duration of the taper influences when peak strength improvements are observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12193981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Specific Proprioceptive Training Program on Injury Prevention and Stress in Basketball Players: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Vincenzo Cristian Francavilla, Giuseppe Messina, Omar Mingrino, Maria Chiara Parisi, Donatella Di Corrado","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020226","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Basketball carries a high risk of both chronic and acute musculoskeletal injuries, affecting various parts of the body. Additionally, stress is a critical factor that influences athletic performance, particularly in high-pressure sports like basketball. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a specific proprioceptive training protocol on professional basketball players. <b>Methods</b>: Thirty male basketball players (M = 21.93, SD = 3.75 years) were divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group completed an adapted proprioceptive training program designed to enhance position-specific skills, following their regular team training. The control group continued to follow their routine training program without any additional proprioceptive intervention. The parameters assessed included stress levels, longitudinal body axis alignment, spinal range of motion, and total plantar load distribution. These were measured at three time points: baseline (T₀), after 4 weeks of training (T₁), and after 8 weeks of training (T₂). <b>Results</b>: Data analysis showed a significant reduction in stress (<i>p</i> < 0.001), postural alignment (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and spinal range of motion (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. <b>Conclusions</b>: In conclusion, the findings highlight the effectiveness of specific and detailed training programs in injury prevention, offering valuable insights for coaches and sports psychologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Multidisciplinary Treatment Program for Severe Obesity in Adults Based on the Clinically Significant Weight Loss.","authors":"Greice Westphal-Nardo, Angélica Sbrolini Marques Mincache, Paulo César Franzini, Mara Jane Pascoini Dos Santos, Gisele Nicchio Rocha, Ieda Carla Candido, Andrea Herrera-Santelices, Felipe Merchan Ferraz Grizzo, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Nelson Nardo Junior","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020225","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Obesity is a chronic and complex disease; by its nature, it represents an enormous challenge to be solved and managed. For that matter, several guidelines have been published, but there is still a long way to go until concrete scaled results can be presented. Adults with obesity, and especially severe obesity, need to have access to treatment programs, but they are not available for the vast majority of the population. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary treatment program for obesity (MTPO) offered to adults (ages 18 to 50 years old) with a BMI over 30 kg/m². <b>Methods:</b> Participants were invited through media ads, resulting in 404 participants for the first phase of that study, from whom the risk profile was assessed. After that, 180 participants (82.8% with severe obesity) concluded the MTPO, which consisted of 48 sessions of exercises and the same number of professional orientations about a healthy lifestyle, including the importance of being physically active, how to improve their eating habits, and how to control their emotions. <b>Results:</b> For the analysis of results, participants were grouped according to their weight loss in terciles, with the first, tercile presenting an average weight loss of 7.6%, which is considered clinically significant. In the same way, the average percental variations were even higher in this group for body fat (12.7%) and the lean mass to fat mass ratio (LM/FM), which increased by 14.3%. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, was around 3 times the variation of body mass, whereas the triglycerides (TG) and the hemoglobin A1C (H1Ac) were around twice that rate. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results made clear the effectiveness of the MTPO, which needs to be tested in public health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Censoring Explicit Language in Music on Resistance Exercise Performance.","authors":"Christopher G Ballmann, Sophia L Porrill, Rebecca R Rogers, Zachary H Ervin, Brittany R Neal, Haley M Nguyen, Phoebe N Spears, Jonathan E Strickland, Jesus Zavala, Nicholas B Washmuth","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020224","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Listening to music has been widely reported to improve resistance exercise performance. However, few studies have considered lyrical content. The act of using explicit language has been shown to alter performance and psychophysiological responses to exercise. Although explicit language is widely used in mainstream music, it is unknown if altering explicit lyric content in music influences performance and psychophysiological responses to resistance exercise. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of censoring explicit lyrical music on bench press performance and psychophysiological responses to exercise. <b>Methods:</b> In a counterbalanced crossover manner, resistance-trained males (<i>n</i> = 11) were subjected to two conditions, namely (1) explicit music (EM) or (2) censored music (CM). Following a warm-up, music played continuously as participants completed 2 sets × 2 repetitions as explosively as possible, while a linear position transducer monitored the mean velocity of the barbell. Participants then completed 3 sets × repetitions to failure (RTFs) at 60% of a 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) separated by 2 min of rest. Motivation to exercise, psychological arousal, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured post-exercise. Total RTFs, mean velocity, motivation, psychological arousal, and RPE were compared between music conditions. <b>Results:</b> Findings show that total RTFs (<i>p</i> = 0.012) was significantly lower with CM versus EM, while mean velocity (<i>p</i> = 0.844) was not different between conditions. Psychological arousal (<i>p</i> = 0.005) and motivation (<i>p</i> = 0.002) were lower with CM versus EM. CM also resulted in a higher RPE (<i>p</i> = 0.011) compared to EM. <b>Conclusions:</b> Findings suggest that CM results in worse repetition volume compared to EM during resistance exercise but does not influence explosive ability. Changes in performance may be due to underlying decreases in motivation and psychological arousal. CM may also cause less dissociation, as evidenced by a higher RPE. Future research investigating the effects of lyrical content on exercise performance is warranted to further support current findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Infrapatellar and Suprapatellar Intramedullary Nails with New Clinical Score for Fixation of Tibial Shaft Fractures.","authors":"Giacomo Papotto, Vito Pavone, Gianluca Testa, Rocco Ortuso, Antonio Kory, Enrica Rosalia Cuffaro, Ignazio Prestianni, Emanuele Salvatore Marchese, Saverio Comitini, Alessandro Pietropaolo, Alessio Ferrara, Gianfranco Longo, Marco Ganci","doi":"10.3390/jfmk10020222","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jfmk10020222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Tibial shaft fractures (TSFs) represent the most common diaphyseal fractures in adults. The gold-standard treatment is intramedullary nailing. Recently, the suprapatellar technique has been increasingly adopted due to its ability to reduce complications associated with the infrapatellar approach. Currently, no clinical score for leg fractures comprehensively assesses the entire lower limb. Therefore, we reviewed the main lower-limb scores available in the literature and developed a new clinical evaluation tool for tibial shaft fractures. The aim of our study was to report our experience with both techniques, to compare the outcomes of our prospective study with the international literature, and to propose a new, easy-to-apply, and reproducible clinical score that evaluates the specific functions of the entire lower limb. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted a prospective analysis of 920 tibial shaft fractures treated with intramedullary nailing via either a suprapatellar or infrapatellar approach. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A, including 420 patients treated with the infrapatellar approach; Group B, including 500 patients treated with the suprapatellar approach. Follow-up included clinical and radiographic assessments at 1, 3, and 6 months, and annually thereafter. We evaluated differences in patient positioning, operation time, radiation exposure, healing rate, incidence of pseudarthrosis and infection, return to ambulation, residual knee pain and fracture site, persistent lameness, and deformities. For the clinical assessment, we devised a new score-the Catania Hospital Score (CHS)-by integrating the most relevant clinical items from existing lower-limb evaluation tools. The CHS includes anterior knee pain (20 points), lameness (5 points), swelling (10 points), stair-climbing ability (10 points), tibial pain (15 points), the ability to perform daily activities (20 points), and evaluation of deformities (varus/valgus, shortening, rotation, and recurvatum/procurvatum (40 points)), for a total of 120 points. <b>Results</b>: Statistically significant differences were observed in Group B regarding a shorter surgical time, a reduced patient positioning time, and decreased radiation exposure. The CHSs were significantly better for Group B at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. No statistically significant differences were found in infection or pseudarthrosis rates between the two groups. Notably, no cases of chronic knee pain were reported in patients treated with the suprapatellar approach. <b>Conclusions</b>: Both surgical approaches are valid and effective. However, our findings indicate that the suprapatellar approach reduces the complications of the infrapatellar technique, improves postoperative outcomes, and does not result in chronic knee pain. The CHS provides a comprehensive, practical, and reproducible tool to assess functional recovery in patients treated with intramedullary tibial nailing.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12194647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}