Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Rotational Malalignment Following Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fractures on Patients' Functional Outcomes: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Michail Vavourakis, Athanasios Galanis, Dimitrios Zachariou, Evangelos Sakellariou, Christos Patilas, Panagiotis Karampinas, Angelos Kaspiris, Meletis Rozis, John Vlamis, Elias Vasiliadis, Spiros Pneumaticos","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background & Aims</i>: Rotational malalignment after intramedullary nailing of intertrochanteric fractures is a relatively common complication that may have a crucial impact on both functional outcome and a fracture's healing properties, ultimately affecting the patient's postoperative morbidity and mortality. <i>Methods</i>: 74 patients treated with intramedullary nailing due to an intertrochanteric fracture underwent a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan of the hips and knees. The femoral anteversion difference (D angle) between the operated and healthy hip was calculated using the technique described by Jeanmart et al. The patients were divided into two groups according to their D angle values: a D angle less than 15° was considered an acceptable rotational alignment (group A), while a D angle equal to or more than 15° was considered a rotational deformity (group B). Postoperatively, the functional level of each patient was evaluated at the 6-month and 1-year follow-up visits and compared to the pre-fracture status using the modified Harris hip score (mHHS). Also, fracture union, other postoperative complications, and patient mortality were noted. <i>Results</i>: The mean femoral anteversion difference was 12.3° with a standard deviation of 10.3°. Of the 74 patients, 51 (68.9%) were assigned to group A and 23 (31.1%) to group B. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up, 67 (90.5%) patients had survived and 7 (9.5%) were deceased, with our statistical analysis indicating a linear trend (<i>p</i>-value = 0.048) between the presence of rotational malalignment and 6-month mortality. At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, 63 (85.1%) patients survived and 11 (14.9%) were deceased, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.031) between the presence of rotational malalignment and the 1-year mortality. Regarding the functional outcome six months after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 8.7/100 with a standard deviation of 6.1 for the 49 patients in group A and 14.5/100 with a standard deviation of 12.4 for the 18 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating a significant difference (<i>t</i> = -2.536, significance < 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. As for the functional outcome one year after the operation, the difference between the pre-fracture and the postoperative mHHS was 4.9/100 with a standard deviation of 7.8 for the 47 patients in group A and 8.3/100 with a standard deviation of 13 for the 16 patients in group B, with the statistical analysis indicating no significant difference (<i>t</i> = -1.266, significance > 0.05) in the functional level between the two groups. The only postoperative complication noted was fracture non-union, presenting in two patients (3%), with the statistical analysis indicating no significant relationship (<i>p</i>-value = 0.698) between this complication and the presenc","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Physical and Cognitive Efficiency in Elderly Individuals at Risk for Dementia Using Whole-Body Electrostimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Marco Centorbi, Giulia Di Martino, Carlo Della Valle, Andrea Buonsenso, Giuseppe Calcagno, Giovanni Fiorilli, Alessandra di Cagno","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to assess the impact of a 12-week intervention of two 20-min sessions per week, combining aerobic exercise with whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), on physical and cognitive performance in the elderly. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 61 participants (age = 71 ± 5.64 years), healthy or at risk for dementia, were randomly assigned to an experimental training group (ETG, n = 33) and a control group (CON, n = 28). Participants underwent 20-min aerobic training sessions, with intensity increasing from 60% to 80% of heart rate reserve (HRR), with and without continuous WB-EMS stimulation (35 Hz, 350 μs). <b>Results</b>: Significant time/effects for both the ETG and CON were found in the physical performance tests, with significant time*group interactions favoring the ETG for the arm curl test (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the sit-to-stand test, with significant differences between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.001), as well as for the hand grip test (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the 6-min walking test (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with significant time*group interactions (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Both groups improved their performance on the soda pop test (<i>p</i> < 0.001). ETG outperformed CON in memory performance (PROSA, <i>p</i> = 0.046; RAVLT immediate recall, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and on selective attention and visuospatial processing (attention matrices, <i>p</i> = 0.014). Some cognitive tests showed no significant improvement, likely due to the short intervention period for cognitive function (MMSE, <i>p</i> = 0.628; TMT, <i>p</i> = 0.698; Stroop error, <i>p</i> = 0.188) or memory performance (PROSA, <i>p</i> = 0.338). <b>Conclusion</b>: The absence of decline suggests a protective effect of physical activity. WB-EMS, combined with aerobic training, enhances the benefits of physical activity and helps counteract cognitive decline in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in Head and Neck Posture Among Smartphone Users While Walking: Insights from Field Observations in Taipei.","authors":"Yi-Lang Chen, Ting-Hsuan Wang, Wei-An Chang, Hong-Tam Nguyen","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Despite the increasing prevalence of smartphone use while walking, few studies have comprehensively investigated head and neck posture in real-world settings. This study employed a single-blind observation of smartphone users walking in public areas of Taipei, Taiwan, to examine head and neck movements, with a particular focus on the effects of gender and hand-operation type. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted observations of 120 smartphone users (60 males and 60 females), recording neck flexion (NF), head flexion (HF), gaze angle (GA), and viewing distance (VD) in the sagittal plane during walking. The analysis included four combinations of gender and smartphone hand operation (one-handed and two-handed use). <b>Results</b>: Significant gender differences were found in NF (<i>p</i> < 0.001), GA (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and VD (<i>p</i> < 0.01), with males exhibiting greater NF, GA, and VD than females. HF was similar between genders, but males' larger NF suggested a more pronounced forward head posture, potentially increasing neck and shoulder strain. Hand operations also significantly affected VD (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Most users displayed a GA exceeding 60°, possibly an involuntary adjustment for better visibility of the walking path, potentially increasing eyestrain. <b>Conclusions</b>: Previous studies have primarily simulated smartphone use while walking in controlled environments, such as on treadmills or in laboratories. In contrast, our single-blind field study highlights the real-world risks associated with smartphone use during walking, including neck and shoulder strain and eyestrain, with notable differences observed between genders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences for the Relative Age Effect on Physical Skills and Emotional Intelligence in Child Volleyball and Soccer Athletes.","authors":"Juan D Ávila-Martínez, Michael A Castro-Malaver, Boryi A Becerra-Patiño, Juliana Varón-Murcia, Stefania Cárdenas-Contreras, José Pino-Ortega","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>. The goal of this study was to assess the relative age effect and its relationship with the development of physical abilities and emotional intelligence in Colombian child athletes according to gender and the sport practiced. <b>Methods</b>. A cross-sectional correlational design was used. A total of 135 Colombian soccer and volleyball athletes, 62 boys and 73 girls, voluntarily participated with an average age of 13.25 ± 0.59 years. Physical skills such as SJ, CMJ, CMJA, 5, 10, and 15 m speed, CODS agility, and emotional intelligence were evaluated. <b>Results</b>. Statistically significant differences were found in the mood variables between Q1 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.047, ηp² = 0.08) and Q2 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.035, ηp² = 0.08). These differences are also present in the interpersonal variable between Q1 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.003, ηp² = 0.12), Q2 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.009, ηp² = 0.12), and, finally, in the total emotional quotient between Q1 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.013, ηp² = 0.13), Q2 and Q3 (<i>p</i> = 0.024, ηp² = 0.13), and Q2 and Q4 (<i>p</i> = 0.005, ηp² = 0.13). <b>Conclusions</b>. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the relative age effect appears to be sensitive to CODS agility, 15 m speed, and SJ power variables concerning gender and sport. Jump height for CMJ concerning gender and CMJA jump concerning sport were considered. Emotional intelligence appears to be a variable sensitive to the relative age effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Four Weeks of TOGU Training on Neuromuscular Control and Golf Swing Performance.","authors":"Mohan Li, Caixian Ruan, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the impact of a four-week training program combining TOGU (a functional training system and equipment) Balanza and Dynair^® Ballkissen equipment on core strength, balance ability, and golf swing performance in golf athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The TOGU group participated in TOGU training three times weekly and regular golf skill training over four weeks. The control group only participated in regular golf skill training. The functional movement screening (FMS) assessment system modified the Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB), and Unilateral Stance Tests (USTs) were used to assess neuromuscular control. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and utilized the independent samples <i>t</i>-test and the paired <i>t</i>-test for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Following the four-week training, there was significant improvement of the TOGU group in the total score of FMS, notably in squats and in-line lunges (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (2) Significant reductions in COG sway velocity were observed: Foam-EO (-30.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.01) Firm-EC (-35.18%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and Foam-EC (-36.78%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). UST also improved: L-EO (-34.39%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), L-EC (-29.92%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), R-EO (-48.67%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), and R-EC (-39.38%, <i>p</i> = 0.0857). (3) Club head speed (CHS) tests indicated significant enhancement (<i>p</i> < 0.01), improved ball speed (<i>p</i> < 0.001), driving distance (<i>p</i> = 0.0553), and hitting efficiency (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The control group showed no significant changes in all tests after four weeks of regular golf skill training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A TOGU-based golf core training program can significantly improve a golfers' neuromuscular control, core stability, and coordination, and enhance their swing performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Countermovement Jump an Indirect Marker of Neuromuscular Mechanism? Relationship with Isometric Knee Extension Test.","authors":"Esteban Aedo-Muñoz, Jorge Pérez-Contreras, Alejandro Bustamante-Garrido, David Arriagada-Tarifeño, Jorge Cancino-Jiménez, Manuel Retamal-Espinoza, Rodrigo Argothy-Buchelli, Ciro Brito, Pablo Merino-Muñoz","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several studies have shown that force application is influenced by different neuromuscular mechanisms depending on the time of force application analysis in isometric knee extension test (IKE), and a countermovement jump (CMJ) has contributions from knee extension, so some CMJ variables could be indicators of such mechanisms. <b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to determine the level of relationship of variables of IKE and bilateral CMJ tests. <b>Methods</b>: Male college soccer players (n = 25; corporal mass = 72 ± 8 kg; height = 171 ± 5 cm; age = 22 ± 2 years) performed the IKE at two angles (60° and 75°) on an isokinetic machine and the CMJ on two uniaxial force platforms. To determine the level of relationship, Pearson's correlation coefficient was analyzed between the test variables. <b>Results</b>: Trivial to moderate correlations (r = -0.45 to 0.62; <i>p</i> < 0.05) were found between CMJ variables and IKE in both knee angles (60° and 75°); <b>Conclusions</b>: The variables of IKE have a trivial to moderate correlation with the variables of CMJ, so the variables of CMJ could not be considered interchangeably with those of IKE and therefore considered indicators of neuromuscular mechanisms isolated from the knee extensor function. Longitudinal design (fatigue or training protocols) should be realized to corroborate these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an Instability Training Program Using Global Versus Selective Instability Devices on Dynamic Balance and Ankle Stability in Young Amateur Soccer Players.","authors":"Mariana Sánchez-Barbadora, Noemí Moreno-Segura, Vicente Alepuz-Moner, Rodrigo Martín-San Agustín","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Both Sides Utilized it is one of the most employed global instability devices (GID), but it is difficult to progress and select a particular foot structure. In this sense, the Blackboard has been created as selective instability device (SID). The aim of this study is to compare the effects of both devices on balance and ankle stability. <b>Methods</b>: The study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. Twenty healthy amateur soccer players were divided into two groups: GID and SID. Both performed balance training (4-weeks, 3 days/week). Ankle balance and stability were assessed. Paired <i>t</i>-tests were used to analyze the pre-, post-, and between-groups differences. <b>Results</b>: No differences were found between the groups. Significant intra-group changes were found in both groups for posterolateral balance and summation. Moreover, posteromedial balance increased in the GID group. No changes were found in ankle stability results. <b>Conclusions</b>: A balance intervention using GID or SID is effective in improving general and posterolateral balance. Moreover, the GID intervention improved posteromedial balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Body Position on Electrical Activity of Respiratory Muscles During Mouth and Nasal Maximal Respiratory Pressure in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Lailane Saturnino da Silva, Rayane Grayce da Silva Vieira, Thiago Bezerra Wanderley E Lima, Vanessa Regiane Resqueti, Jordi Vilaro, Jessica Danielle Medeiros da Fonseca, Giane Amorim Ribeiro-Samora, Guilherme Augusto de Freitas Fregonezi","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This study aimed to analyze the impact of seated, 45° inclined, and supine positions on respiratory muscle strength (Maximal Inspiratory Pressure-MIP, Maximal Expiratory Pressure-MEP, Sniff Nasal Inspiratory Pressure-SNIP and Sniff Nasal Expiratory Pressure-SNEP) and the electrical activity of respiratory muscles in healthy adults. Ten healthy subjects were evaluated. <b>Methods</b>: Personal, anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI) and lung function (spirometry) were collected, followed by random assessments of inspiratory (MIP, SNIP) and expiratory (MEP, SNEP) muscle strength. Respiratory muscle strength maneuvers and surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity were assessed in sitting, 45° inclined, and supine positions. <b>Results</b>: present that MIP was statistically higher in the sitting position compared to the supine position (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and the 45° supine position (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with SNIP: <i>p</i> < 0.05 and SNEP: <i>p</i> < 0.05 as well. Intercostal muscle activity was higher during MIP, MEP, and SNEP maneuvers in the sitting position (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, rectus abdominis muscle activity was higher in this position during MIP and SNEP maneuvers. <b>Conclusions</b>: The results suggest there are significant differences in inspiratory pressures between positions, with the difference in activity muscle pattern. In conclusion, body position affected maximal respiratory pressures and influences EMG activation of specific respiratory muscles during MIP.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Perceived Exertion and Velocity Loss Serve as Indirect Indicators of Muscle Fatigue During Explosive Back Squat Exercise?","authors":"Hanye Zhao, Takanori Kurokawa, Masayoshi Tajima, Zijian Liu, Junichi Okada","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Muscle fatigue is inevitable during resistance exercises, making its monitoring essential for maintaining athletic performance and reducing the risk of injury. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and velocity loss have been reported as reliable indicators of muscle fatigue during explosive resistance exercises. However, their validity has been assessed only indirectly. This study aimed to directly examine the validity of RPE and velocity loss as markers of muscle fatigue during explosive back squat (BS) exercises. <b>Methods:</b> Seventeen trained men performed three BS tasks with varying volumes (low, medium, high) at 65% of their one-repetition maximum. RPE, spectral fatigue index (SFI), and velocity loss were measured throughout the tasks. <b>Results:</b> Significant effects were observed across conditions for overall RPE (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and velocity loss (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while no significant effect was found for SFI. RPE and SFI increased significantly as the tasks progressed (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while velocity did not significantly decrease. Significant but weak correlations were found between RPE and SFI (<i>r</i> = 0.325, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and between velocity loss and SFI (<i>r</i> = 0.224, <i>p</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings suggest that RPE and muscle fatigue levels increase correspondingly, indicating that RPE could serve as a practical, indirect fatigue marker for explosive BS exercises. However, velocity loss may not fully reflect muscle fatigue during lower-body explosive training and should not be used as the sole indicator. Additionally, caution is warranted when applying velocity-related parameters as indirect physiological markers for resistance exercises. The significant but weak correlations between RPE, velocity loss, and SFI suggest that assessing muscle fatigue in lower-body exercises remains challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine-Based Resistance Training Improves Functional Capacity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Archie Kirk, James Steele, James P Fisher","doi":"10.3390/jfmk9040239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Resistance training (RT) can improve the functional performance of older adults, maintaining independence and quality of life. It has been proposed that training interventions should implement exercises associated with the movements needed in everyday life. However, this strength training philosophy presents challenges, specifically to older adults, and the use of resistance machines might present an efficacious alternative. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the impact of machine-based RT on strength and functional capacity in older adults. <b>Methods</b>: The inclusion criteria were for strength training interventions to be a minimum of 6 weeks, using only resistance machines, with pre- and post-intervention measurements of functional capacity of either a timed up-and-go and/or a sit-to-stand test, and including healthy older adults (>60 years). <b>Results</b>: Following the screening, 17 articles met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review, 15 of which were included in the meta-analysis for functional outcomes (n = 614 participants), and 11 of which were included in the meta-analysis for strength outcomes (n = 511 participants). Analyses revealed significant standardized mean change in favor of machine-based RT for functional outcomes (0.72, 95% CIs 0.39 to 1.07) and strength outcomes (0.71, 95% CIs 0.34 to 1.08) compared to control conditions (functional = 0.09, 95% CIs - 0.1 to 0.28, strength = 0.1, 95% CIs - 0.05 to 0.24). Substantial heterogeneity was noted in the manipulation of RT variables and the magnitude of effects between studies. <b>Conclusions</b>: The data presented support the idea that significant strength and functional performance outcomes are attainable using uncomplicated, machine-based RT.</p>","PeriodicalId":16052,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}