Journal of food protection最新文献

{"title":"Hygienic Evaluation of Wooden Cutting Boards: Microbiological Parameters","authors":"Anja Bischoff,&nbsp;Thomas Alter,&nbsp;Antje Schoenknecht","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The suitability of wood as a traditional material for crafting cutting boards for food preparation has long been a topic of debate. Central to this discussion are concerns about the hygienic properties of wood, primarily due to its porous structure and hygroscopic nature. These characteristics raise concerns about the potential retention of microorganisms within the wood, making them inaccessible to standard cleaning and disinfection methods. Consequently, there is a risk of these bacteria being released back to the wood surface, posing a threat of food recontamination.</div><div>However, there is research that has shed new light on this issue by suggesting that wood can possess bactericidal properties leading to reduced microbiological loads compared to plastic cutting boards.</div><div>Therefore, this study aimed to explore the behavior of various microorganisms on professional cutting boards made from sugar maple wood compared to those made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The cutting boards were inoculated with 4.7 log₁₀ cfu/cm². In the trials, maple cutting boards exhibited a significant reduction in <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> detection rates to the detection limit of 1.7 log₁₀ cfu/cm² after just two hours, even without cleaning. While <em>S</em>. <em>aureus</em> showed delayed reduction on the cutting board surfaces, HDPE boards presented overall higher detection rates compared to those made of sugar maple wood.</div><div>Based on these findings, a reevaluation of wood’s hygiene status in the food sector is required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Novel Two-sided Drop-through Photonic Decontamination System on Salmonella and Campylobacter Reduction on Broiler Parts","authors":"Abigail D. McConnell ,&nbsp;Montana R. Riggs ,&nbsp;Shijinaraj Manjankattil ,&nbsp;Sabin Poudel ,&nbsp;Madalyn M. Jennings ,&nbsp;Matthew B. Hughes ,&nbsp;Laura Huber ,&nbsp;Jinquan Wang ,&nbsp;Ian Rawson ,&nbsp;S. Srikumar ,&nbsp;R. Jeff Buhr ,&nbsp;Dianna V. Bourassa","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial intervention procedures are important in poultry processing to minimize foodborne pathogen contamination on raw meat. High-intensity pulsed light has been assessed as a novel alternative to currently used chemical antimicrobials in the poultry industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel two-sided drop-through photonic decontamination system developed by PulseForge Inc. that employs pulsed light for reducing aerobic plate counts (APCs), <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> (EB), <em>Salmonella</em>, and <em>Campylobacter</em> on whole wings and tenders. A total of eight individual repetitions were carried out, with the first five repetitions evaluating APC, EB, and <em>Sal</em> and the last three repetitions focusing only on <em>Campylobacter</em>. Treatments included an inoculated control (no treatment), pulsed light treatment (PL), 30 s water dip, 30 s water dip with PL, 30 s peracetic acid dip (PAA, 200 ppm), 30 s PAA dip with PL, three parts simultaneously with PL, and five parts simultaneously with PL. Parts were inoculated with either 10⁵ CFU <em>S.</em> Infantis or <em>Campylobacter,</em> and each treatment was performed. Bacterial recovery counts were log-transformed and are reported as log₁₀ CFU/mL. All treatments which included the application of pulsed light reduced APC, EB, <em>Sal</em>, and <em>Campylobacter</em> on both tenders and wings when compared to the inoculated control, with the exception of <em>Campylobacter</em> on tenders, which was not reduced. The addition of a pulsed light treatment combined with prior PAA dip resulted in additional bacterial reductions on tenders and wings for APC, EB, <em>Sal</em>, and <em>Campylobacter,</em> with the exception of <em>Campylobacter</em> on tenders. Additionally, even when multiple parts are sent through the pulsed light machine simultaneously, reductions were still achieved comparable to sending a single part through at a time. Overall, the use of pulsed light was able to reduce levels of microbial loads against pathogens commonly associated with raw poultry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival of Generic Escherichia coli on Plastic Mulch in Open-Field, Greenhouse, and Growth Chamber Environments","authors":"Alyssa A. Rosenbaum ,&nbsp;Claire M. Murphy ,&nbsp;Alexis M. Hamilton ,&nbsp;Steven L. Rideout ,&nbsp;Laura K. Strawn","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasticulture, the use of plastic mulch to control pests and enhance plant growth, is common in fresh produce production. Given that fruits and vegetables may come into direct or indirect contact with plastic mulch, assessing potential food safety risks associated with contaminated plastic mulch is needed. This study evaluated the survival of generic <em>Escherichia coli</em> on plastic mulch across three environments. Plastic mulch was cut into 100 × 15 mm coupons, placed in Petri dishes, and spot inoculated with 100 µL of green fluorescent protein-tagged generic <em>E. coli</em> (ca. 6 log CFU/cm²). After drying for 90 min, coupons were held in three different environments: open-field, greenhouse, or growth chamber. Samples were collected at 0, 0.06, 0.17, 0.41, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 d postinoculation (dpi) and enriched if counts were below the detection limit (&lt;0.12 log CFU/cm²). All <em>E. coli</em> counts were confirmed by fluorescence. The reduction of <em>E. coli</em> on plastic mulch differed significantly by environment (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In the open-field, <em>E. coli</em> was reduced by &gt;6 log CFU/cm² within 0.17 dpi (4 h) and was undetectable by enrichment on 5 dpi. In the greenhouse, a 6 log CFU/cm² reduction was also achieved; however, <em>E. coli</em> remained detectable up to 7 dpi. In the growth chamber, <em>E. coli</em> persisted at 4.0 log CFU/cm² up to 7 dpi. <em>E. coli</em> demonstrated a die-off rate of −1.65 log CFU/cm²/h from 0 to 4 h in the open-field, compared to −0.21 and −0.01 log CFU/cm²/h from 0 to 3 h and 3 h onward, respectively, in the growth chamber. These results demonstrate that the survival of <em>E. coli</em> on plastic mulch is environment-dependent, indicating that not all production environments have the same risk. Field and greenhouse environments should also be included and prioritized in produce safety research as the laboratory-based experiment overestimated risk in the present study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Alternative Wetting Agents for Drag and Bootie Swabs for Agricultural Soil Sampling","authors":"Jiaying Wu,&nbsp;Gabriella Pinto,&nbsp;Erin Kealey,&nbsp;Cecil Barnett-Neefs,&nbsp;Matthew J. Stasiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drag and bootie swabs have been used in animal (e.g., poultry litter) and produce (e.g., soil) production for food safety purposes in place of grabs. Skim milk, the industry standard wetting agent for drags and booties, is not ideal for produce soil sampling due to its allergenic properties and animal-based origin, and (depending on preparation) low shelf stability. This study evaluated alternative wetting agents – tryptic soy broth, buffered peptone water, phosphate buffered saline, or deionized water – for hydrating drags and booties. Sampling was performed in fields with untreated swine manure and untreated dairy manure, with a total of 220 drags, 220 booties, and 44 grabs collected along 100 m paths. Indicator organisms including aerobic plate counts (APCs), total coliforms, and <em>Escherichia coli</em> were enumerated. Both wetting agents (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and sampling methods (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) significantly affected the recovery of indicator organisms. In the field with swine manure, mean recovery differences between wetting agents ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 log(CFU/g) for APCs and 0.1 to 0.6 log(CFU/g) for total coliforms. In the field with dairy manure, mean recovery differences between wetting agents ranged from 0.0 to 0.2 log(CFU/g) for APCs, 0.1 to 0.4 log(CFU/g) for total coliforms, and 0.1 to 0.4 log(CFU/g) for <em>E. coli</em>. Overall, differences between wetting agents were small and suggest one could select wetting agents for future method development and industry use based on which are most practical for use in produce safety, such as most shelf stable and not animal sourced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, and Control of Pathogenic Shewanella in Seafoods","authors":"Tahirah N. Johnson ,&nbsp;Gary P. Richards ,&nbsp;Salina Parveen","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Some <em>Shewanella</em> spp. have been classified as emerging pathogens and are a concern for food safety. Species such as <em>Shewanella algae</em> and <em>Shewanella putrefaciens</em> are known to cause soft tissue necrosis and invasive infections from marine exposure. Seafood consumption has been linked to <em>Shewanella</em> illnesses, raising concerns about public health risks. Seafood consumption has been on the rise in recent years due to its reported benefits and overall positive health and nutritional perception of consumers. However, an emerging seafood pathogen, <em>Shewanella</em> spp., threatens the safety of these products. This review synthesizes existing data on: (i) the prevalence of potentially pathogenic <em>Shewanella</em> spp. in oysters and seawater from locations around the world, (ii) the antibiotic resistance profiles of isolates from diverse geographic regions, and (iii) processing treatments to reduce <em>Shewanella</em> in seafoods. Findings suggest that <em>Shewanella</em> spp. are widespread in seafood and marine environments. Studies have also shown that over time <em>Shewanella</em> spp. have become more resistant to β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. This growing antibiotic resistance is largely attributed to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in aquaculture and agriculture, contributing to the emergence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant (MAR) bacteria in seafood. The presence of MAR bacteria limits treatment options in the event of infection by <em>Shewanella</em> and other pathogenic bacteria underscoring the need for better control measures in seafood production to ensure public health safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 8","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Hot Water Reconstitution Instructions and Labeling of Powdered Infant Formula to Ensure Cronobacter spp. Reduction","authors":"Maria Amalia Beary,&nbsp;Sarah E. Daly,&nbsp;Jakob Baker,&nbsp;Abigail B. Snyder","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cronobacter</em> spp. contamination in powdered infant formula (PIF) can cause infections in high-risk infants. Public health guidelines for caregivers of high-risk infants advise reconstitution of PIF using water heated to at least 70 °C (158 °F) for microbial inactivation. This study evaluated changes to water temperature under different heating and cooling scenarios during formula preparation, aiming to identify which conditions best ensure a minimum treatment temperature of 158 °F (70 °C). Vessel type, lid usage, vessel removal from the heat source, and water volume were tested for their effects on heat retention. The “hot shot” method which uses a small volume of hot water followed by a larger volume of cooled water was also evaluated. In many scenarios, water temperatures fell below 158 °F (70 °C) during the steps prior to PIF reconstitution. The water temperature prior to transfer to the bottle, bottle material, and capacity, and volume of transferred water significantly impacted temperature (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The temperature of formula immediately following shaking was as high as 179.5 ± 1.6 °F (81.9 ± 0.9 °C) and as low as 138.0 ± 1.3 °F (58.9 ± 0.7 °C), depending on the preparation conditions. Bottle material and capacity, water volume, and initial water temperature significantly impacted the temperature of reconstituted PIF. Small volumes (2 fl. oz) of water in small glass bottles cooled the quickest. The hotshot method yielded temperatures well below 158 °F (70 °C). Measuring the temperature of hot water in the bottle and adding PIF when it cooled to 165 °F (73.8 °C) resulted in formula temperatures at or above 158 °F (70 °C) in almost all cases achieving a &gt;5 log CFU/mL <em>C. sakazakii</em> reduction. However, 30 s of passive cooling was required to ensure pathogen lethality. PIF labels were reviewed, and lacked detailed information about how caregivers of high-risk infants should use hot water to reconstitute PIF. Our findings can help shape guidelines that improve PIF reconstitution practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Staphylococcus Enterotoxin sea and seb in Milk Samples by Duplex Droplet Digital PCR","authors":"Xiaoyue Wei ,&nbsp;Wenzhou Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Wang ,&nbsp;Yuhua Yang ,&nbsp;Yahui Guo ,&nbsp;Lijin Long ,&nbsp;Jiaming Fan ,&nbsp;Fanliang Meng ,&nbsp;Wentao Liu ,&nbsp;Wanting Wang ,&nbsp;Yakun Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianling Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study sought to develop a method to accurately and quantitatively measure the staphylococcal enterotoxin genes <em>sea</em> and <em>seb</em> in milk samples using duplex droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Specific primers and probes were designed for <em>sea</em> and <em>seb</em>. By optimizing the concentrations of primers and probes and the annealing temperature, a duplex ddPCR detection system was established, and the specificity and sensitivity of the method were evaluated. Standard curves were generated using plasmid DNA, pure cultures, and milk samples spiked with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and a high correlation coefficient (<em>R</em>² = 0.99) was achieved within the ranges of 1 × 10¹–1 × 10⁵ copies/μL, 2 × 10³–2 × 10⁷ cfu/mL, and 2 × 10³–2 × 10⁷ cfu/mL, respectively, for these samples. Using the gradient dilution method with pure cultures and milk samples spiked with <em>S. aureus</em>, the limit of detection (LOD) was 2 × 10³ cfu/mL using primers targeting both enterotoxin genes. The test results exhibited good accuracy and repeatability, with three parallel repetitions revealing intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variations of &lt;10% and &lt;20%, respectively. When milk samples were spiked with <em>S. aureus</em> at concentrations of 2 × 10¹ and 2 × 10² cfu/mL, both <em>sea</em> and <em>seb</em> could be detected during the fourth and fifth hours of pre-enrichment, respectively. This study successfully established a duplex ddPCR detection system with high sensitivity and specificity for the quantitative detection of <em>sea</em> and <em>seb</em> in milk samples, thereby permitting the accurate detection of <em>S. aureus</em> directly in milk specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 8","pages":"Article 100569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium Within the Water-Soil-Plant-Food Nexus: Advancing Surveillance in Agricultural Systems","authors":"Robyn Marijn Schipper,&nbsp;Loandi Richter-Mouton,&nbsp;Lise Korsten","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cryptosporidium</em>, a protozoan parasite causing severe diarrheal illness in humans and animals, poses detection challenges due to low parasite concentrations, inhibitors, and inefficient DNA extraction. This study optimized DNA extraction and detection of Cryptosporidium in environmental samples and evaluated their practical use in agriculture. After evaluating 11 DNA extraction methods from spiked phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) samples, three methods for molecular detection of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> in water, soil, and fresh produce were selected and further tested using real-time PCR. A total of 188 artificially contaminated samples were prepared, consisting of distilled water (<em>n</em> = 36), environmental water (<em>n</em> = 44), soil (<em>n</em> = 36), and fresh produce (lettuce and spinach; <em>n</em> = 72). Each sample was inoculated with serial dilutions of 12,500 to 5 <em>Cryptosporidium</em> oocysts and tested using real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to evaluate detection sensitivity. Results demonstrated that extraction performance varied by matrix, with two spin-column kits excelling for water and another for soil and produce. DNA from as few as five oocysts was occasionally detectable, with ddPCR being less prone to be affected by PCR inhibitors than real-time PCR. These methods were then applied to detect Cryptosporidium in 210 environmental samples (water, soil, produce) from South African small-scale farms. None of the samples tested positive with real-time PCR, while ddPCR detected <em>Cryptosporidium</em> in 13.6% of water, 23.3% of soil, and 34.7% of fresh produce samples. Surface water showed the highest contamination at 28.6%. Soil amended with both fertilizer and manure had a 45% contamination rate. Among vegetables, roots were most affected (46.7%), followed by fruiting (40%) and leafy greens (30.15%). These findings highlight the health risks of Cryptosporidium in food systems and the need for improved detection methods to enhance surveillance and inform future outbreak prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 9","pages":"Article 100568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characterization of Campylobacter Species Isolated from U.S. Swine: 2021 NAHMS Enteric Study","authors":"Catherine A. Gensler ,&nbsp;Mabel K. Aworh ,&nbsp;Nigatu Atlaw ,&nbsp;Stephanie C. Hempstead ,&nbsp;Charles A Haley ,&nbsp;Alyson M. Wiedenheft ,&nbsp;Katherine L. Marshall ,&nbsp;Paula J. Fedorka-Cray ,&nbsp;Megan E. Jacob","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While <em>Campylobacter</em> species are often considered normal gastrointestinal commensal bacteria in many food animals, some species may cause gastrointestinal or reproductive diseases in swine. The U.S. swine industry lacks recent <em>Campylobacter</em> species prevalence estimates, which are useful in animal and public health management recommendations. This study describes the prevalence and characteristics, including antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of <em>Campylobacter</em> species as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Swine 2021 study. <em>Campylobacter</em> species were isolated using culture-based methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect common AMR genes in isolates resistant to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. The Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) was used to assess clonality. A total of 1,043 fecal samples were collected from 39 swine operations. <em>Campylobacter</em> species were detected in 321/1,043 samples (30.8%) and on 32 of 39 operations (82%); two different species were recovered from one sample, yielding 322 isolates. <em>Campylobacter</em> species included <em>C. coli</em> (309/322; 96%) and <em>C. hyointestinalis</em> (13/322; 4%). Six isolates failed to remain viable after storage, yielding 316 for AMR testing. Regardless of species, resistance was most often observed to tetracycline 282/316 (89.2%). Multidrug resistance (MDR to ≥3 drug classes) was observed in 110/316 isolates (51.9%). The <em>tet</em>O gene, determined from isolates prior to storage, was commonly seen (285/322; 88.5%) across all isolates. The ERIC-PCR indicated some clonality by swine operation site but overall lacked the sensitivity to broadly describe the population structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 8","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivations and Barriers to Implementing Produce Food Safety Practices","authors":"Gregory Astill ,&nbsp;D. Adeline Yeh ,&nbsp;Donna Clements ,&nbsp;Gretchen Wall ,&nbsp;Suzanne Thornsbury ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Newbold ,&nbsp;Travis Minor ,&nbsp;Christopher Callahan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Bihn","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilizes a unique set of primary data collected from produce growers who sell to U.S. markets. The research assesses the implementation of on-farm produce safety practices, identifies the biggest challenges faced by growers to date, and explores barriers to further adoption of new practices. The majority of survey respondents reported implementing produce safety practices on their farms. Key challenges identified include recordkeeping, wildlife and domesticated animals, worker health and hygiene training, and job-specific produce safety worker training. Motivators for adopting produce safety practices include regulatory compliance, personal commitment to produce safety, maintaining market access, and reducing liability. Time and financial constraints were the most commonly reported barriers across all food safety practices, with the impact varying depending on the specific practice. The findings highlight the importance of outreach and support for growers who continue to face difficulties in implementing produce safety practices. Providing evidence-based education that simplifies the adoption of risk-reducing tools and techniques supports enhancing produce safety and public health. Additionally, targeted research focusing on vulnerabilities, behavioral change factors, and cost-effective mitigation strategies can assist growers in effectively identifying risks and implementing safety practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"88 8","pages":"Article 100562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}