Journal of Experimental Botany最新文献_第6页

Salicylic acid suppresses 1O2-mediated susceptibility to Alternaria alternata in Arabidopsis. 水杨酸抑制拟南芥对02介导的交替稻瘟病菌的敏感性。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf432

Yanjing Guo, Jiale Shi, Xia Wang-Zhu, Liru Mi, He Wang, Min Chen, Dan Cheng, Hongyu Ma, Bernal E Valverde, Yujing Liu, Matthew J Terry, Shiguo Chen

{"title":"Salicylic acid suppresses 1O2-mediated susceptibility to Alternaria alternata in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Yanjing Guo, Jiale Shi, Xia Wang-Zhu, Liru Mi, He Wang, Min Chen, Dan Cheng, Hongyu Ma, Bernal E Valverde, Yujing Liu, Matthew J Terry, Shiguo Chen","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf432","url":null,"abstract":"Necrotrophic Alternaria alternata induces EXECUTER 1(EX1)/2-dependent singlet oxygen (1O2) bursts, leading to plant cell death, with jasmonic acid (JA) acting as a key signal transducer downstream of EX1/2-mediated signaling. Salicylic acid (SA), a crucial defense hormone, is known to respond to pathogen invasion and activate defense gene expression. Previous studies emphasize the importance of SA in A. alternata-induced necrosis in the light of the increased susceptibility of SA-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis NahG to A. alternata. In this study, we investigated the role of SA in A. alternata-triggered 1O2 signaling in Arabidopsis. We found that EX1/2 deficiency did not alter SA levels in Arabidopsis infected with A. alternata, indicating that SA signaling regulates A. alternata-induced pathogenesis through an EX1/2-independent pathway. Exogenous SA application and increased endogenous SA in the ssi2-2 mutant enhanced resistance but inhibited JA production. Conversely, SA signaling deficiency in the eds1 and pad4 mutants increased susceptibility and elevated JA levels. In conclusion, SA enhances Arabidopsis defense against A. alternata via an EX1/2-independent 1O2 signal pathway and antagonizes JA biosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autonomous Recovery of Wheat Spikelet Development following Cold Stress Arrest Mediated by Modulation of Sucrose Degradation and IAA/ABA Homeostasis. 蔗糖降解和IAA/ABA平衡调控下小麦小穗发育在低温胁迫下的自主恢复

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf431

Hui Su, Yujian Yang, Yamiao Zhang, Yadong Wang, Ashley Jones, Jinpeng Li, Youhong Song

{"title":"Autonomous Recovery of Wheat Spikelet Development following Cold Stress Arrest Mediated by Modulation of Sucrose Degradation and IAA/ABA Homeostasis.","authors":"Hui Su, Yujian Yang, Yamiao Zhang, Yadong Wang, Ashley Jones, Jinpeng Li, Youhong Song","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf431","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat rapidly induces complex metabolic reactions in response to cold stress, yet the physiological mechanisms governing its natural recovery process remain poorly understood. In a two-year pot experiment, we examined recovery dynamics of the wheat cultivar Zhengmai 366 during booting stage under control (CK, 10/10 °C), chilling (CS, 10/2 °C), and freezing (FS, 10/-2 °C) treatments. Following stress relief, we performed comprehensive analyses on spikelet morphology, physiology, transcriptomes, and metabolomes. Spikelet development was consistently delayed in both post-cold recovery scenarios, with an irreversible damage due to cellular breakdown during FS recovery. Physiological investigations demonstrated that antioxidant enzyme activities, sucrose, hexose, and proline concentration restored to normal levels after CS recovery, but remained suppressed after FS recovery. Furthermore, a progressive increase in IAA levels and a progressive decline in ABA levels concurred during the CS recovery, which may facilitate the resumption of spikelet development. Machine learning highlighted sucrose content and the IAA/ABA ratio as primary predictors of grain number. Multi-omics integration further confirmed that the recovery is determined by sucrose-hexose conversion efficiency and hormonal balance. Collectively, this study revealed that wheat recovery from cold is mediated by coordinated carbon metabolism and hormonal homeostasis. This provided valuable insights toward improving cold tolerance in wheat production.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexibility or commitment: choosing between division and differentiation. 灵活性或承诺：在分裂和分化之间做出选择。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf429

Pablo González-Suárez, Margot E Smit

引用次数: 0

The isoprenoid biosynthesis enzyme HDS participates in chloroplast RNA editing. 类异戊二烯生物合成酶HDS参与叶绿体RNA编辑。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf428

Wenjian Song, Nadia Ahmed Ali, Jia Ni, Yujia Sun, Yayi Zhang, Jiani Xing, Kexing Su, Xingxing Sun, Yizhou Jiang, Xiaobo Zhao

{"title":"The isoprenoid biosynthesis enzyme HDS participates in chloroplast RNA editing.","authors":"Wenjian Song, Nadia Ahmed Ali, Jia Ni, Yujia Sun, Yayi Zhang, Jiani Xing, Kexing Su, Xingxing Sun, Yizhou Jiang, Xiaobo Zhao","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf428","url":null,"abstract":"Post-transcriptional RNA editing and retrograde signaling in chloroplasts are crucial for coordinating gene expression between chloroplasts and the nucleus in flowering plants, yet the molecular link between them remains poorly understood. This study reveals that the Arabidopsis isoprenoid biosynthesis enzyme, 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate synthase (HDS), a known regulator of retrograde signaling, is also involved in chloroplast RNA editing. We found that the loss of HDS function significantly altered RNA editing efficiency at multiple specific sites in chloroplast transcripts. HDS mutants exhibited a pale phenotype and early seedling lethality, with severely impaired chloroplast development and photosynthetic apparatus assembly. Moreover, we demonstrated that HDS physically interacts with chloroplast multiple-site RNA editing factors MORF2 and MORF9 and participates in RNA editing by modulating their dimerization. Taken together, our work indicates that the important retrograde signaling regulator HDS also plays a novel role in chloroplast RNA editing, providing insight into the connection between organelle-to-nucleus communication and RNA metabolism in chloroplasts.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transactivation of AGPL2 by Opaque2 is responsible for starch accumulation and kernel hardness in sweet corn. 不透明蛋白2对AGPL2的转激活是甜玉米淀粉积累和籽粒硬度的主要原因。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf426

Jianjian Chen, Bin Wang, Xiaolong Chen, Xianwen Zhang, Huabing Lu, Xuegao Lv, Guihua Lv, Ruiqiu Fang

引用次数: 0

Molecular architecture of developing xylem in Norway spruce reveals spatial and temporal patterns of cell wall polymer deposition. 挪威云杉发育木质部的分子结构揭示了细胞壁聚合物沉积的时空格局。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf414

Olga Blokhina, Yaseen Mottiar, Notburga Gierlinger, Catherine Jones, William Willats, Kurt Fagerstedt, Anna Kärkonen

{"title":"Molecular architecture of developing xylem in Norway spruce reveals spatial and temporal patterns of cell wall polymer deposition.","authors":"Olga Blokhina, Yaseen Mottiar, Notburga Gierlinger, Catherine Jones, William Willats, Kurt Fagerstedt, Anna Kärkonen","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf414","url":null,"abstract":"Using microarray polymer profiling (MAPP), immunocytochemical staining, and Raman spectroscopy, we conducted a detailed spatiotemporal survey of the deposition of cell wall components during xylem differentiation in Norway spruce. These insights are essential for understanding the intricate architecture of wood cell walls during the initial stages of development immediately following cambial divisions. MAPP was used to obtain an overview of cell wall polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and ferulic acid residues in developing xylem. The most interesting findings were investigated in further detail using immunomicroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In axial tracheids, deposition of pectic compounds and cellulose only slightly preceded the first deposition of lignin. Lignification was initiated in the middle lamellae and cell wall corners and proceeded during the development of the S1 layer and intensified later during cell wall thickening. Raman analysis revealed an earlier deposition of lignin than shown previously, which coincided with the deposition of methylesterified or partially methylesterified homogalacturonan initially in the radial cell walls and later in the tangential cell walls of developing earlywood. Minimal binding of an antibody against feruloylated compounds indicated that ferulic acid residues do not participate in the initiation of lignification in Norway spruce.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flowering Newsletter Editorial 2025. 开花通讯编辑2025。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf396

Rainer Melzer

引用次数: 0

The Function, Evolution, and Future of Carboxysomes. 羧基小体的功能、进化和未来。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf425

Nghiem D Nguyen, Loraine M Rourke, G Dean Price, Benedict M Long

{"title":"The Function, Evolution, and Future of Carboxysomes.","authors":"Nghiem D Nguyen, Loraine M Rourke, G Dean Price, Benedict M Long","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf425","url":null,"abstract":"Since their discovery as rubisco-containing compartments more than 50 years ago, significant breakthroughs have advanced our understanding of carboxysome structure and function, and their centrality to cyanobacterial CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). Within CCMs, cellular bicarbonate (HCO3-) is actively accumulated and maintained by a suite of HCO3- transporters and CO2-to-HCO3- conversion pumps to support carboxysome function. This elevation of cellular HCO3- is indispensable for carboxysome action, as they rely entirely on concentrated HCO3- to generate internal CO2 for rubisco. This review traces the historical progression of carboxysome research, from early structural observations to modern insights into their biogenesis, internal organization, and function. We explore the evolutionary trajectory of carboxysomes, hypothesising why terrestrial plants, despite sharing a common ancestor with cyanobacteria, lack these microcompartments. Despite their absence from plants, carboxysomes are now being engineered into plant chloroplasts as part of efforts to improve photosynthetic performance. We also address the physiological implications of carboxysome gas permeability, the role of oxygenation, and the need for in vitro assays to assess carboxysome functionality in engineered systems. We discuss the challenges of reconstructing functional carboxysomes in heterologous systems, particularly the need for HCO3- accumulation. Finally, we consider the future of carboxysomes, including their use as modular platforms for carbon fixation and novel catalytic functions and their potential forward evolutionary trajectories. By synthesizing historical, mechanistic, and applied perspectives, this review highlights both the possibilities and limitations of rubisco encapsulation in heterologous systems.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf epidermal cell size in trees: developmental possibilities stay wide with height growth in two angiosperm tree species. 树木的叶表皮细胞大小：两种被子植物树种的发育可能性随高度的增长而扩大。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf423

G Alemán-Sancheschúlz, M E Olson, J A Rosell, I H Salgado-Ugarte, Aaron Potkay, A I Pérez-Maussán

{"title":"Leaf epidermal cell size in trees: developmental possibilities stay wide with height growth in two angiosperm tree species.","authors":"G Alemán-Sancheschúlz, M E Olson, J A Rosell, I H Salgado-Ugarte, Aaron Potkay, A I Pérez-Maussán","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf423","url":null,"abstract":"Tree height varies across environments, with taller individuals found in cool, moist habitats and shorter trees in drier regions. Within species, trees can exhibit height variation due to environmental factors such as drought-induced dieback. A key question is what drives changes in leaf structure with increasing height-whether some trait values cannot be produced under the developmental conditions at treetops or whether differences arise because natural selection favors particular trait values at different canopy positions. Some hypotheses suggest that increasing height imposes \"limits\" on mature leaf traits, making some structural changes developmentally inevitable. However, selection could also favor structural changes within wide fields of developmentally possible trait configurations. We examined leaf epidermal cell size distributions in Bursera simaruba and Eucalyptus camaldulensis from seedlings to maximum tree heights in situations in which seedlings to adults were all exposed to full sun and thus had all \"sun\" leaves. We found that in general cell sizes increased, variance remained high, and distributions did not systematically shift with height. These results indicate that, rather than reflecting a developmental inability to produce certain leaf epidermal cell sizes at greater heights, the patterns we observed are better explained by selection simply favoring some cell sizes from among the many that development can produce.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maize physiology under waterlogging: shoot and root adaptive responses to mitigate low oxygen stress. 涝渍下玉米生理：茎和根对低氧胁迫的适应性响应。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf424

Gustavo G Striker, Takaki Yamauchi, Federico P O Mollard

{"title":"Maize physiology under waterlogging: shoot and root adaptive responses to mitigate low oxygen stress.","authors":"Gustavo G Striker, Takaki Yamauchi, Federico P O Mollard","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf424","url":null,"abstract":"Waterlogging is a major constraint to maize (Zea mays L.) productivity, particularly in regions increasingly affected by extreme precipitation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the physiological and molecular responses of maize to low-oxygen stress, focusing on adaptive mechanisms in both root and shoot tissues. In roots, lysigenous aerenchyma formation is triggered by hypoxia, ethylene, and reactive oxygen species signaling, facilitating internal oxygen diffusion. Flood-induced adventitious roots-regulated by ethylene-auxin interactions and raffinose metabolism-promote fine lateral root development, enhancing nutrient uptake. Since maize lacks a tight barrier to radial oxygen loss, introgression of the quantitative trait locus that promotes its formation from Zea nicaraguensis, represents promising breeding targets. Shoot-level physiological changes-including reduced stomatal conductance, impaired photosynthesis, and premature senescence-may result from oxidative stress signaling. Leaf damage persists long after soil saturation ends, indicating limited recovery capacity. Cytokinins can mitigate oxidative damage and delay senescence, offering the potential for enhancing shoot resilience. Further research is needed to determine if shoot aerenchyma occurs in maize and how it is regulated. Integrating transcriptomics, phenomics, and field-based evaluations will be crucial to understand both root and shoot responses and will accelerate the breeding of climate-resilient maize for flood-prone agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0