Journal of Experimental Botany最新文献

The Chloroplast-Localized ABC Transporter OsABCB24 Regulates Aleurone Cell Size and Grain Nutritional Quality in Rice by Modulating Auxin Homeostasis. 叶绿体定位ABC转运蛋白OsABCB24通过调节生长素稳态调节水稻糊粉细胞大小和籽粒营养品质。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf445

Yang Yang, Zhong Tang, Wen-Wen Zhang, Xin-Yuan Huang, Fang-Jie Zhao

{"title":"The Chloroplast-Localized ABC Transporter OsABCB24 Regulates Aleurone Cell Size and Grain Nutritional Quality in Rice by Modulating Auxin Homeostasis.","authors":"Yang Yang, Zhong Tang, Wen-Wen Zhang, Xin-Yuan Huang, Fang-Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf445","url":null,"abstract":"The aleurone in cereal grains is an outer cell layer enriched with multiple nutrients important for human health. Enhancing the thickness of the aleurone layer through breeding could improve the nutritional value of rice. In this study, we characterized OsABCB24, a member of the ABCB transporter subfamily gene in rice, and its role in regulating aleurone development. Expression profiling revealed that OsABCB24 is predominantly expressed in seedling leaves and developing caryopsis, particularly in aleurone layer cells during grain filling. Subcellular localization analyses via protoplast transfection and immunogold labeling demonstrated that OsABCB24 is localized to the chloroplast. Knockout of OsABCB24 significantly increased thickness of the aleurone cells and elevated the concentrations of minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, zinc, magnesium, and copper in brown rice. Knockout of OsABCB24 also decreased the concentrations of free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in developing caryopsis and increased the leaf angle by influencing cell proliferation and elongation on the adaxial side of the lamina joint at seedling stage. Leaf angle was less sensitive to exogenous IAA in osabcb24 mutants than in wild type. Taken together, these findings suggest that OsABCB24 is a negative regulator of aleurone cell expansion possibly by modulating auxin homeostasis. OsABCB24 is a promising genetic target for breeding rice with increased aleurone thickness and nutrient concentrations without yield penalty.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overexpression of the maize 9-lipoxygenase gene ZmLOX4 confers resistance to Fusarium verticillioides via the oxylipin and jasmonic acid-mediated pathways. 玉米9-脂氧合酶基因ZmLOX4的过表达通过氧脂素和茉莉酸介导的途径赋予对黄萎病的抗性。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf437

Letizia Ottaviani, Emilie Montes, Thomas Widiez, Chiara Dall'Asta, Paola Giorni, Axel Mithöfer, Adriano Marocco, Alessandra Lanubile

{"title":"Overexpression of the maize 9-lipoxygenase gene ZmLOX4 confers resistance to Fusarium verticillioides via the oxylipin and jasmonic acid-mediated pathways.","authors":"Letizia Ottaviani, Emilie Montes, Thomas Widiez, Chiara Dall'Asta, Paola Giorni, Axel Mithöfer, Adriano Marocco, Alessandra Lanubile","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf437","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium verticillioides is a prominent pathogen in cereals that reduces crop yields and poses a threat to food safety by producing the secondary metabolites fumonisins. Maize lipoxygenases (ZmLOXs) genes are involved in the biosynthesis of oxylipins that function as signals in regulating defense. Previously, we showed that ZmLOX4 gene mutagenesis was associated with susceptibility to F. verticillioides in kernels, seedlings and ears altering ZmLOX transcript profiles as well as LOX enzymatic activity. In the current study, we show that ZmLOX4 overexpression results in enhanced pathogen and fumonisin contamination resistance, substantiating its role in defense and making ZmLOX4 a good target to confer disease resistance. Transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses reveal that ZmLOX4 overexpression up-regulates 9-LOX gene expression and boosts the 9-oxylipin production under fungal infection. The increased expression of jasmonic acid-related genes is also observed, but is reinforced when ZmLOX4 is overexpressed, correlating with wider accumulation of jasmonic acid-related metabolites. The ZmLOX4 gene has potential applications in engineering cropping plants to increase immunity to F. verticillioides.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Light-mediated balances and trade-offs in plant energy and resource management. 植物能量和资源管理中光介导的平衡和权衡。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf439

Malleshaiah SharathKumar, Sarah Courbier, Mikhail Schepetilnikov, Prakhar Awasthi, Johanna Krahmer, Gabriela Toledo-Ortiz

{"title":"Light-mediated balances and trade-offs in plant energy and resource management.","authors":"Malleshaiah SharathKumar, Sarah Courbier, Mikhail Schepetilnikov, Prakhar Awasthi, Johanna Krahmer, Gabriela Toledo-Ortiz","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf439","url":null,"abstract":"Light is a central environmental signal that coordinates plant development, metabolism, and stress responses. By integrating external cues with internal programs, plants balance growth and resource allocation to adapt to fluctuating environments. Light-regulated signalling cascades drive morpho-physiological adaptations for optimized light capture, tuning photosynthetic efficiency, and source-sink dynamics. Key transcriptional hubs, regulated by master transcription factors such as HY5, PIFs, and GLKs coordinate photosynthesis, growth, and defence responses, driving adjustments and imposing balances for adaptation to shade, variable light, and stress. In addition to photosynthetic energy production, light signalling pathways influence carbon and nitrogen metabolism, leading to sugar allocation, starch turnover, and nutrient utilization-balancing trade-offs and balances between growth, energy storage, and stress responses. Emerging evidence shows that light signalling pathways intersect with energy-monitoring cascades regulated by TOR, T6P and SnRK1, linking the plant's energy status to growth, immunity, and stress resilience. Sugar levels and light signals can also jointly regulate responses to both biotic and abiotic stress, with TOR acting as a central integration hub for environmental and metabolic signals, including transcriptional and translational mechanisms. This review synthesises current understanding on the interplay between light and TOR-mediated networks in energy production and allocation, while highlighting knowledge gaps that limit translational potential for improving plant productivity and resilience.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A conserved AINTEGUMENTA-REVOLUTA module is a candidate to regulate carpel development in Lychee. 保守的AINTEGUMENTA-REVOLUTA模块是调节荔枝心皮发育的候选模块。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf438

Huimin Hu, Xurong Fan, Qiuping Wu, Yanyang Liang, Yaxuan Xiao, Chengjie Chen, Fengqi Wu, Jiakun Zheng, Rui Xia, Jing Xu, Yanwei Hao, Zaohai Zeng

{"title":"A conserved AINTEGUMENTA-REVOLUTA module is a candidate to regulate carpel development in Lychee.","authors":"Huimin Hu, Xurong Fan, Qiuping Wu, Yanyang Liang, Yaxuan Xiao, Chengjie Chen, Fengqi Wu, Jiakun Zheng, Rui Xia, Jing Xu, Yanwei Hao, Zaohai Zeng","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf438","url":null,"abstract":"The lychee industry is vital to agricultural economies, boosting farmer livelihoods and regional growth. However, instability of flowering causes yield fluctuations, severely limiting industry sustainability. Stable pistil development in female flowers is essential for yield improvement, yet its molecular regulation remains poorly understood. Although AP2 transcription factors regulate floral organ differentiation and pistil development, their functional role in woody perennials like lychee is uncharacterized. In this study, two AP2 genes (LITCHI007109 and LITCHI010784) were found to exhibit high and specific expression in carpels. LITCHI007109, designated as LcANT1, is an ortholog of Arabidopsis AINTEGUMENTA (ANT). We next systematically identified the direct downstream target genes of LcANT1, the set of which were significant enriched in biological processes related to floral organ development and carpel morphology. Notably, the carpel development-related gene LITCHI024703 (LcREV) exhibited a high level of co-expression with LcANT1. We found that the LcANT1 protein can directly bind to the promoter region of LcREV. Further evolutionary analysis indicates that the ANT-REV regulatory module is highly conserved in angiosperms, especially in Sapindaceae. Our findings establish a novel theoretical framework for understanding female flower development in lychee and offer critical gene resources and regulatory networks for molecular breeding strategies aimed at developing high-yield, stable cultivars.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant proteases: guardians of proteome integrity and regulators of protein function. 植物蛋白酶：蛋白质组完整性的守护者和蛋白质功能的调节者。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf319

Pitter F Huesgen, Annick Stintzi, Andreas Schaller

引用次数: 0

Terminomics for plant protease substrate discovery: successes, challenges, and new approaches. 术语组学用于植物蛋白酶底物发现：成就、挑战和新机遇。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf173

Melissa Mantz, Paula Dewes, Pitter F Huesgen

{"title":"Terminomics for plant protease substrate discovery: successes, challenges, and new approaches.","authors":"Melissa Mantz, Paula Dewes, Pitter F Huesgen","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf173","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/eraf173","url":null,"abstract":"Plants contain hundreds of proteases that are involved in the regulation of virtually all cellular processes. Some proteases act as molecular shredders, resulting in degradation of their substrates. Others act more like scissors, cutting substrate proteins in a limited manner at specific sites to alter their activity, location, and function. Such tailored proteoforms share their sequence with the precursor form and sometimes only differ by the new, proteolytically modified polypeptide termini. Identification of protein termini is mandatory for unambiguous identification, but challenging in standard MS-based proteomics. Over the last two decades, various methods for the enrichment of N- and C-terminal peptides have been developed to enable proteome-wide characterization. Here we briefly introduce major approaches to protein termini enrichment and review current applications for plant protease substrate identification and profiling of proteolytic cleavage events in vivo. We highlight both successes and limitations, and discuss current improvements in sample preparation, data acquisition, MS instrumentation, and data analysis that promise to increase sensitivity, robustness, and ultimately utility of termini-centric proteomics.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"4279-4293"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The biological functions of FtsH in plant organelle protein homeostasis. FtsH在植物细胞器蛋白稳态中的生物学功能。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf135

Fei Wang, Yafei Qi, Fei Yu

{"title":"The biological functions of FtsH in plant organelle protein homeostasis.","authors":"Fei Wang, Yafei Qi, Fei Yu","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf135","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/eraf135","url":null,"abstract":"Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are capable of driving the electron transport chain reactions for ATP production that are essential for plant growth, development, and stress resilience. The maintenance of organelle protein homeostasis relies on the coordinated assembly of membrane protein complexes and the degradation of unassembled or damaged subunits. FtsH proteins, containing an ATPase domain and a protease domain, are a highly conserved ATP-dependent protease family in photosynthetic organisms. In plants, different FtsH family members are targeted to specific organelle membranes to orchestrate protein homeostasis. This review provides an updated overview of the functions of plant FtsHs in mitochondrial and chloroplastic protein homeostasis, focusing on their protease activity, chaperone-like functions, and substrate processing capabilities. Additionally, it highlights the regulatory mechanisms currently known to modulate the activity and stability of FtsH. Furthermore, we summarize the genetic modifier loci of AtFtsH2/VAR2 encoding the AtFtsH2 subunit of the thylakoid FtsH complex in Arabidopsis and also propose a potential role for the thylakoid FtsH in the degradation of unassembled photosynthetic proteins, particularly under conditions in which the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway is disrupted.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"4220-4231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Host-dependent roles of hyphosphere keystone Massilia in organic phosphorus mineralization and AM fungal growth. 基质石孢在有机磷矿化和AM真菌生长中的宿主依赖性作用。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf339

Ningkang Sun, Letian Wang, Gu Feng

{"title":"Host-dependent roles of hyphosphere keystone Massilia in organic phosphorus mineralization and AM fungal growth.","authors":"Ningkang Sun, Letian Wang, Gu Feng","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf339","url":null,"abstract":"The plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi-hyphosphere bacteria forms a cross-kingdom holobiont driven by top-down carbon flow and bottom-up phosphorus (P) fluxes. Hyphosphere keystone bacteria, such as Massilia, can compensate for the limited capacity of AM fungi to mobilize organic phosphorus (Po), thereby enhancing fungal development and plant performance. However, how Massilia modulates its functional role across plant-fungal combinations remains unclear. To address this, we employed three plant-AM fungi pairings (medicago, maize, and sorghum) combined with either single Massilia inoculation or a defined synthetic hyphosphere bacterial community (SynCom). Across all combinations, Massilia significantly enhanced shoot biomass, plant P content, phosphatase activity, and Po mineralization. Interestingly, its effects were amplified by SynCom co-inoculation in maize and sorghum, while in medicago hyphosphere, Massilia alone was more effective. Community profiling revealed host-specific Massilia-mediated recruitment of bacteria with high phosphatase activity and indole-3-acetic acid production. Our findings demonstrate that, as a hyphosphere keystone taxon, Massilia adopts host-dependent functional strategies-promoting AM fungal growth and Po mineralization in medicago through phosphatase production, while relying on the growth-stimulation of beneficial bacteria to mediate similar effects in maize and sorghum.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating single-cell omic techniques to resolve the spatio-temporal complexity of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. 整合单细胞组学技术解决丛枝菌根共生的时空复杂性。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf404

Gabriel Ferreras-Garrucho, Tania Chancellor, Uta Paszkowski

{"title":"Integrating single-cell omic techniques to resolve the spatio-temporal complexity of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.","authors":"Gabriel Ferreras-Garrucho, Tania Chancellor, Uta Paszkowski","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf404","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) is a ubiquitous and ancient interaction between plant root systems and fungi of the Glomeromycotina subphylum. The resulting relationship is mutually beneficial and deeply intimate where the fungus intracellularly colonises root cortex cells to receive organic carbon and deliver minerals and water to the plant. Fungal colonisation of plant roots and cells is extremely dynamic and asynchronous across the root system. Symbiosis development must therefore result from spatio-temporally fine-tuned molecular control mechanisms of plant and fungus. Although the plant genetic program underpinning AMS has been extensively studied, little is known about its dynamic regulation across root cell layers and developmental stages of the association. Thus, many questions remain outstanding: how do different cell-types transcriptionally respond to AMS, how are distinct cell-type specific regulatory states coordinated, and what are the transcriptional activities in the fungus associated with discrete stages of root colonisation? The advent of single cell-based techniques now enables the high-resolution analysis to address these questions. In this review, we recapitulate the current knowledge on the spatio-temporal control of AMS, we evaluate the relevance of existing spatial datasets to AMS research and provide new perspectives for future study.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145199633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The multifaceted roles of plant aspartic proteases. 植物天冬氨酸蛋白酶的多重作用。

IF 5.7 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf147

Xiaobo Yu, Tingting Feng

引用次数: 0