{"title":"Robertsonian translocations made easier.","authors":"Ingo Schubert","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae349","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6203-6205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141916874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Light tolerance in light-tolerant photosynthetic organisms: a knowledge gap.","authors":"Guy Levin, Gadi Schuster","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae338","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6199-6202"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengbo Yang, Tianyu Huang, Hong Tong, Xiaobin Shi, Rong Zhang, Weina Gu, Yue Li, Peng Han, Xiaoming Zhang, Yuting Yang, Zhixiong Zhou, Qingjun Wu, Youjun Zhang, Qi Su
{"title":"Herbivore-induced volatiles reduce the susceptibility of neighboring tomato plants to transmission of a whitefly-borne begomovirus.","authors":"Fengbo Yang, Tianyu Huang, Hong Tong, Xiaobin Shi, Rong Zhang, Weina Gu, Yue Li, Peng Han, Xiaoming Zhang, Yuting Yang, Zhixiong Zhou, Qingjun Wu, Youjun Zhang, Qi Su","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae342","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant viruses exist in a broader ecological community that includes non-vector herbivores that can impact vector abundance, behavior, and virus transmission within shared host plants. However, little is known about the effects of non-vector herbivore infestation on virus transmission by vector insects on neighboring plants through inter-plant airborne chemicals. In this study, we investigated how volatiles emitted from tomato plants infested with the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) affect the infection of neighboring plants by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Exposure of neighboring tomato plants to volatiles released from T. urticae-infested tomato plants reduced subsequent herbivory as well as TYLCV transmission and infection, and the jasmonic acid signaling pathway was essential for generation of the inter-plant defense signals. We also demonstrated that (E)-β-ocimene and methyl salicylic acid were two volatiles induced by T. urticae that synergistically attenuated TYLCV transmission and infection in tomato. Thus, our findings suggest that plant-plant communication via volatiles likely represents a widespread defensive mechanism that substantially contributes to plant fitness. Understanding such phenomena may help us to predict the occurrence and epidemics of multiple herbivores and viruses in agroecosystems, and ultimately to manage pest and virus outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6663-6675"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protein kinase MeSnRK2.3 positively regulates starch biosynthesis by interacting with the transcription factor MebHLH68 in cassava.","authors":"Ke Li, Yajun Li, Chen Liu, Mengtao Li, Ruxue Bao, Haiyan Wang, Changying Zeng, Xincheng Zhou, Yinhua Chen, Wenquan Wang, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae343","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Starch biosynthesis involves numerous enzymes and is a crucial metabolic activity in plant storage organs. Sucrose non-fermenting related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) is an abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent kinase and a significant regulatory enzyme in the ABA signaling pathway. However, whether SnRK2 kinases regulate starch biosynthesis is unclear. In this study, we identified that MeSnRK2.3, encoding an ABA-dependent kinase, was highly expressed in the storage roots of cassava (Manihot esculenta) and was induced by ABA. Overexpression of MeSnRK2.3 in cassava significantly increased the starch content in the storage roots and promoted plant growth. MeSnRK2.3 was further found to interact with the cassava basic helix-loop-helix 68 (MebHLH68) transcription factor in vivo and in vitro. MebHLH68 directly bound to the promoters of sucrose synthase 1 (MeSUS1), granule-bound starch synthase I a (MeGBSSIa), and starch-branching enzyme 2.4 (MeSBE2.4), thereby up-regulating their transcriptional activities. Additionally, MebHLH68 negatively regulated the transcriptional activity of sucrose phosphate synthase B (MeSPSB). Moreover, MebHLH68 phosphorylated by MeSnRK2.3 up-regulated the transcription activity of MeSBE2.4. These findings demonstrated that the MeSnRK2.3-MebHLH68 module connects the ABA signaling pathway and starch biosynthesis in cassava, thereby providing direct evidence of ABA-mediated participation in the sucrose metabolism and starch biosynthesis pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6369-6387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lian Xu, Nimeng Fang, Ting Lu, Toshiaki Tameshige, Miyuki T Nakata, Yuli Jiang, Li Tan, Hai He, Xuelin Zhang, Yimei Huang, Caiming Li, Zhenbiao Yang, Wenxin Tang, Shingo Nagawa
{"title":"WOX1 controls leaf serration development via temporally restricting BZR1 and CUC3 expression in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Lian Xu, Nimeng Fang, Ting Lu, Toshiaki Tameshige, Miyuki T Nakata, Yuli Jiang, Li Tan, Hai He, Xuelin Zhang, Yimei Huang, Caiming Li, Zhenbiao Yang, Wenxin Tang, Shingo Nagawa","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leaves evolve shape diversity ranging from simple leaves with smooth margin to complicated shape with toothed/serrated, lobed and dissected leaves with leaflets. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana with simple leaves producing serrated margin, boundary regulatory factors CUP SHAPED COTYLEDON 2 (CUC2) and CUC3 play important roles in promoting leaf serration initiation and maintenance. Stem cell related WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX1 (WOX1) and PRESSED FLOWER/WOX3 are also essential for leaf margin morphogenesis, but the role of WOX1 and PRS as well as the relationships between CUCs and WOXs on tooth development was unclear. In this study, we found that WOX1, but not PRS, prevents overproduction of tooth number and excessive tooth size by limiting CUC3 expression to a moderate level in a temporally regulated manner. We also revealed that BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1), a known regulator for plant development including boundary regions, is involved in WOX1 negative regulation of tooth development by repressing CUC3 expression during the initiation/early stage of tooth development. WOX1 parallelly limits BZR1 and CUC3 expression from the late stage of the first 2 teeth, while restricts CUC3 activity in a BZR1 dependent manner from the initiation/early stage of subsequently developed teeth. This study uncovers a new mechanism for WOX1 in fine-tuning the leaf margin geometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katrina Leslie Nicolas Mala, Jan Skalak, Elena Zemlyanskaya, Vladislav Dolgikh, Veronika Jedlickova, Helene S Robert, Lenka Havlickova, Klara Panzarova, Martin Trtilek, Ian Bancroft, Jan Hejatko
{"title":"Primary multistep phosphorelay activation comprises both cytokinin and abiotic stress responses: insights from comparative analysis of Brassica type-A response regulators.","authors":"Katrina Leslie Nicolas Mala, Jan Skalak, Elena Zemlyanskaya, Vladislav Dolgikh, Veronika Jedlickova, Helene S Robert, Lenka Havlickova, Klara Panzarova, Martin Trtilek, Ian Bancroft, Jan Hejatko","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae335","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multistep phosphorelay (MSP) signaling integrates hormonal and environmental signals to control both plant development and adaptive responses. Type-A RESPONSE REGULATOR (RRA) genes, the downstream members of the MSP cascade and cytokinin primary response genes, are thought to mediate primarily the negative feedback regulation of (cytokinin-induced) MSP signaling. However, transcriptional data also suggest the involvement of RRA genes in stress-related responses. By employing evolutionary conservation with the well-characterized Arabidopsis thaliana RRA genes, we identified five and 38 novel putative RRA genes in Brassica oleracea and Brassica napus, respectively. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests the existence of gene-specific selective pressure, maintaining the homologs of ARR3, ARR6, and ARR16 as singletons during the evolution of Brassicaceae. We categorized RRA genes based on the kinetics of their cytokinin-mediated up-regulation and observed both similarities and specificities in this type of response across Brassicaceae species. Using bioinformatic analysis and experimental data demonstrating the cytokinin and abiotic stress responsiveness of the A. thaliana-derived TCSv2 reporter, we unveil the mechanistic conservation of cytokinin- and stress-mediated up-regulation of RRA genes in B. rapa and B. napus. Notably, we identify partial cytokinin dependency of cold stress-induced RRA transcription, thus further demonstrating the role of cytokinin signaling in crop adaptive responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6346-6368"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142017697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Zhu, Shouyang Liu, Boris Parent, Xiaogang Yin, Benoit de Solan, Dong Jiang, Yanfeng Ding, Fred Baret
{"title":"Genotype × environment × management analysis to define allometric rules between leaves and stems in wheat.","authors":"Chen Zhu, Shouyang Liu, Boris Parent, Xiaogang Yin, Benoit de Solan, Dong Jiang, Yanfeng Ding, Fred Baret","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae291","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allometric rules provide insights into structure-function relationships across species and scales and are commonly used in ecology. The fields of agronomy, plant phenotyping, and modeling also need simplifications such as those provided by allometric rules to reconcile data at different temporal and spatial levels (organs/canopy). This study explores the variations in relationships for wheat in terms of the distribution of crop green area between leaves and stems, and the allocation of above-ground biomass between leaves and stems during the vegetative period, using a large dataset covering different years, countries, genotypes, and management practices. The results showed that the relationship between leaf and stem area was linear, genotype-specific, and sensitive to radiation. The relationship between leaf and stem biomass depended on genotype and nitrogen fertilization. The mass per area, associating area and biomass for both leaf and stem, varied strongly by developmental stage and was significantly affected by environment and genotype. These allometric rules were evaluated and shown to have satisfactory performance, and their potential use is discussed with regard to current phenotyping techniques and plant/crop models. Our results enable the definition of models and minimum datasets required for characterizing diversity panels and making predictions in various genotype × environment × management contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6388-6404"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liang Fang, Paul C Struik, Christine Girousse, Xinyou Yin, Pierre Martre
{"title":"Source-sink relationships during grain filling in wheat in response to various temperature, water deficit, and nitrogen deficit regimes.","authors":"Liang Fang, Paul C Struik, Christine Girousse, Xinyou Yin, Pierre Martre","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae310","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grain filling is a critical process for improving crop production under adverse conditions caused by climate change. Here, using a quantitative method, we quantified post-anthesis source-sink relationships of a large dataset to assess the contribution of remobilized pre-anthesis assimilates to grain growth for both biomass and nitrogen. The dataset came from 13 years of semi-controlled field experimentation, in which six bread wheat genotypes were grown at plot scale under contrasting temperature, water, and nitrogen regimes. On average, grain biomass was ~10% higher than post-anthesis above-ground biomass accumulation across regimes and genotypes. Overall, the estimated relative contribution (%) of remobilized assimilates to grain biomass became increasingly significant with increasing stress intensity, ranging from virtually nil to 100%. This percentage was altered more by water and nitrogen regimes than by temperature, indicating the greater impact of water or nitrogen regimes relative to high temperatures under our experimental conditions. Relationships between grain nitrogen demand and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake were generally insensitive to environmental conditions, as there was always significant remobilization of nitrogen from vegetative organs, which helped to stabilize the amount of grain nitrogen. Moreover, variations in the relative contribution of remobilized assimilates with environmental variables were genotype dependent. Our analysis provides an overall picture of post-anthesis source-sink relationships and pre-anthesis assimilate contributions to grain filling across (non-)environmental factors, and highlights that designing wheat adaptation to climate change should account for complex multifactor interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6563-6578"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucie Riglet, Sophie Hok, Naïma Kebdani-Minet, Joëlle Le Berre, Mathieu Gourgues, Frédérique Rozier, Vincent Bayle, Lesli Bancel-Vallée, Valérie Allasia, Harald Keller, Martine Da Rocha, Agnés Attard, Isabelle Fobis-Loisy
{"title":"Invasion of the stigma by oomycete pathogenic hyphae or pollen tubes: striking similarities and differences.","authors":"Lucie Riglet, Sophie Hok, Naïma Kebdani-Minet, Joëlle Le Berre, Mathieu Gourgues, Frédérique Rozier, Vincent Bayle, Lesli Bancel-Vallée, Valérie Allasia, Harald Keller, Martine Da Rocha, Agnés Attard, Isabelle Fobis-Loisy","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae308","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both the pollen tube and hyphae of filamentous pathogens penetrate the outer layer of the host and then grow within host tissues. Early epidermal responses are decisive for the outcome of these two-cell interaction processes. We identified a single cell type, the papilla in the stigma of Arabidospis, as a tool to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis on how an epidermal cell responds to the invasion of an unwanted pathogen or a welcome pollen tube. We showed that Phytophtora parasitica, a root oomycete, effectively breaches the stigmatic cell wall and develops as a biotroph within the papilla cytoplasm. These invasive features resemble the behaviour exhibited by the pathogen within its natural host cell, but diverge from the manner in which the pollen tube progresses, being engulfed within the papilla cell wall. Quantitative analysis revealed that both invaders trigger reorganization of the stigmatic endomembrane system and the actin cytoskeleton. While some remodelling processes are shared between the two interactions, others appear more specific towards the respective invader. These findings underscore the remarkable ability of an epidermal cell to differentiate between two types of invaders, thereby enabling it to trigger the most suitable response during the onset of invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6258-6274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ran Tian, Héctor-Rogelio Nájera-González, Deepti Nigam, Adil Khan, Junping Chen, Zhanguo Xin, Luis Herrera-Estrella, Yinping Jiao
{"title":"Leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase BM41 regulates cuticular wax deposition in sorghum.","authors":"Ran Tian, Héctor-Rogelio Nájera-González, Deepti Nigam, Adil Khan, Junping Chen, Zhanguo Xin, Luis Herrera-Estrella, Yinping Jiao","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae319","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cuticular wax (CW) is the first defensive barrier of plants that forms a waterproof barrier, protects the plant from desiccation, and defends against insects, pathogens, and UV radiation. Sorghum, an important grass crop with high heat and drought tolerance, exhibits a much higher wax load than other grasses and the model plant Arabidopsis. In this study, we explored the regulation of sorghum CW biosynthesis using a bloomless mutant. The CW on leaf sheaths of the bloomless 41 (bm41) mutant showed significantly reduced very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), triterpenoids, alcohols, and other wax components, with an overall 86% decrease in total wax content compared with the wild type. Notably, the 28-carbon and 30-carbon VLCFAs were decreased in the mutants. Using bulk segregant analysis, we identified the causal gene of the bloomless phenotype as a leucine-rich repeat transmembrane protein kinase. Transcriptome analysis of the wild-type and bm41 mutant leaf sheaths revealed BM41 as a positive regulator of lipid biosynthesis and steroid metabolism. BM41 may regulate CW biosynthesis by regulating the expression of the gene encoding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6. Identification of BM41 as a new regulator of CW biosynthesis provides fundamental knowledge for improving grass crops' heat and drought tolerance by increasing CW.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"6331-6345"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}