Journal of Experimental Botany最新文献_第4页

Genome-wide association studies and transcriptomics reveal mechanisms explaining the diversity of wheat root responses to nutrient availability. 全基因组关联研究和转录组学揭示了解释小麦根系对养分供应反应多样性的机制。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae141

Suhaib Ahmad, Hafiza Madeeha Khan, Amjad Nawaz, Muhammad Abdul Samad, Huikyong Cho, Hira Sarfraz, Yasir Aziz, Hatem Rouached, Zaigham Shahzad

{"title":"Genome-wide association studies and transcriptomics reveal mechanisms explaining the diversity of wheat root responses to nutrient availability.","authors":"Suhaib Ahmad, Hafiza Madeeha Khan, Amjad Nawaz, Muhammad Abdul Samad, Huikyong Cho, Hira Sarfraz, Yasir Aziz, Hatem Rouached, Zaigham Shahzad","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae141","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient availability profoundly influences plant root system architecture, which critically determines crop productivity. While Arabidopsis has provided important insights into the genetic responses to nutrient deficiency, translating this knowledge to crops, particularly wheat, remains a subject of inquiry. Here, examining a diverse wheat population under varying nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and iron (Fe) levels, we uncover a spectrum of root responses, spanning from growth inhibition to stimulation, highlighting genotype-specific strategies. Furthermore, we reveal a nuanced interplay between macronutrient deficiency (N, P, and K) and Fe availability, emphasizing the central role of Fe in modulating root architecture. Through genome-wide association mapping, we identify 11 quantitative trait loci underlying root traits under varying nutrient availabilities, including homologous genes previously validated in Arabidopsis, supporting our findings. In addition, utilizing transcriptomics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) imaging, and antioxidant treatment, we uncover that wheat root growth inhibition by nutrient deficiency is attributed to ROS accumulation, akin to the role of ROS in governing Arabidopsis root responses to nutrient deficiency. Therefore, our study reveals the conservation of molecular and physiological mechanisms between Arabidopsis and wheat to adjust root growth to nutrient availability, paving the way for targeted crop improvement strategies aimed at increasing nutrient use efficiency.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"1458-1472"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in breeding for enhanced iron and zinc concentrations in common bean in eastern Africa. 东非普通豆铁锌富集育种研究进展。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf009

Paul M Kimani

{"title":"Advances in breeding for enhanced iron and zinc concentrations in common bean in eastern Africa.","authors":"Paul M Kimani","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/eraf009","url":null,"abstract":"Micronutrient malnutrition is one of the most serious health challenges facing vast sectors of the population of Africa, particularly resource-poor women and children. The main deficiencies include iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and vitamin A. Plant breeding has frequently been advocated as the most sustainable strategy to provide varieties of different food crop species with enhanced micronutrient density to combat the global hidden hunger problem which affects >2 billion people. However, there are few research programmes which have implemented this approach, from concept stage to finished products, which can be widely disseminated and commercialized to create meaningful impact. The east African bean biofortification programme offers a case study of such a programme. The aim of this programme was to develop well-adapted, high-yielding, Fe- and Zn-rich bush and climbing bean cultivars and agronomic approaches that enhance expression of the high mineral trait. The objective of this review is to provide a synthesis of the progress made in the last 22 years, with a focus on genetic diversity, inheritance, bioavailability of Fe and Zn, and cooking quality, as well as to identify research gaps and suggest future directions.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"1390-1407"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Root morphology, exudate patterns, and mycorrhizal symbiosis are determinants to improve phosphorus acquisition in alfalfa.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf107

Jing-Wei Fan, Mei Chen, Fuping Tian, Rui Yao, Nan-Nan Qin, Wen-Hua Wu, Neil C Turner, Feng-Min Li, Yan-Lei Du

{"title":"Root morphology, exudate patterns, and mycorrhizal symbiosis are determinants to improve phosphorus acquisition in alfalfa.","authors":"Jing-Wei Fan, Mei Chen, Fuping Tian, Rui Yao, Nan-Nan Qin, Wen-Hua Wu, Neil C Turner, Feng-Min Li, Yan-Lei Du","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf107","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in phosphorus (P) utilisation efficiency (PUtE) and/or yield are closely linked to differences in root functional traits under low soil P availability. However, our understanding of how soil P availability mediates the intraspecific variation in root functional traits for breeding high-P efficiency genotypes to increase PUtE and yield remains limited. We investigated that plant growth parameters and pivotal root functional traits associated with P acquisition in 20 alfalfa genotypes with contrasting P efficiencies and supplied with low, medium or high levels of P. We observed that tradeoffs occurred in root functional traits among alfalfa genotypes under low-P stress. High-P efficiency genotypes displayed higher shoot biomass and PUtE by relying on thicker and more robust roots, elevated concentrations of carboxylate exudates and enhanced colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In contrast, low-P efficiency genotypes exhibited a relatively high root-to-shoot ratio and primarily depended on higher tissue P concentrations but relatively slender roots along with comparatively high rhizosphere pH. Consequently, high PUtE and productivity under low-P conditions among alfalfa can be identified by screening for a phenotype with thick roots, increased exudate concentrations and mycorrhizal colonisation, opening up the potential for breeding for P-efficient lines in breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metalloid transporters in plants: bridging the gap in molecular structure and physiological exaptation. 植物中的类金属转运体：弥合分子结构与生理适应之间的差距。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae261

Yogesh Sharma, Andrew M Hemmings, Rupesh Deshmukh, Ashwani Pareek

{"title":"Metalloid transporters in plants: bridging the gap in molecular structure and physiological exaptation.","authors":"Yogesh Sharma, Andrew M Hemmings, Rupesh Deshmukh, Ashwani Pareek","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae261","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae261","url":null,"abstract":"The rhizosphere contains both essential nutrients and potentially harmful substances for plant growth. Plants, as sessile organisms, must efficiently absorb the necessary nutrients while actively avoiding the uptake of toxic compounds. Metalloids, elements that exhibit properties of both metals and non-metals, can have different effects on plant growth, from being essential and beneficial to being toxic. This toxicity arises due to either the dosage of exposure or the specific elemental type. To utilize or detoxify these elements, plants have developed various transporters regulating their uptake and distribution in plants. Genomic sequence analysis suggests that such transporter families exist throughout the plant kingdom, from chlorophytes to higher plants. These transporters form defined families with related transport preferences. The isoforms within these families have evolved with specialized functions regulated by defined selectivity. Hence, understanding the chemistry of transporters to atomic detail is important to achieve the desired genetic modifications for crop improvement. We outline various adaptations in plant transport systems to deal with metalloids, including their uptake, distribution, detoxification, and homeostasis in plant tissues. Structural parallels are drawn to other nutrient transporter systems to support emerging themes of functional diversity of active sites of transporters, elucidating plant adaptations to utilize and extrude metalloid concentrations. Considering the observed physiological importance of metalloids, this review highlights the shared and disparate features in metalloid transport systems and their corresponding nutrient transporters.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"1370-1389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving crop nutrient status: discovery, innovation, and translation.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf003

Robert D Hancock, Raul Huertas, Derek Stewart, Christine H Foyer

引用次数: 0

Heat stress in plants: sensing, signalling, and ferroptosis. 植物的热胁迫：感应、信号传递和铁变态。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae296

Ayelén Mariana Distéfano, Victoria Bauer, Milagros Cascallares, Gabriel Alejandro López, Diego Fernando Fiol, Eduardo Zabaleta, Gabriela Carolina Pagnussat

引用次数: 0

Grain lysine enrichment and improved stress tolerance in rice through protein engineering. 通过蛋白质工程富集谷粒赖氨酸并提高水稻的抗逆性。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae414

Ray Singh Rathore, Manjari Mishra, Ashwani Pareek, Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek

{"title":"Grain lysine enrichment and improved stress tolerance in rice through protein engineering.","authors":"Ray Singh Rathore, Manjari Mishra, Ashwani Pareek, Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae414","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jxb/erae414","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acids are a major source of nourishment for people living in regions where rice is a staple food. However, rice grain is deficient in essential amino acids including lysine. The activity of the enzyme dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS) is crucial for lysine production in higher plants, but it is tightly regulated through feedback inhibition by its end product, lysine, leading to limited activity in the grain and resulting in low lysine accumulation. We identified lysine binding sites in the DHDPS enzyme and introduced key mutations to make DHDPS lysine feedback insensitive. Using in vivo analysis and functional complementation assays, we confirmed that protein engineering of the DHDPS renders it insensitive to lysine. Expression of mutated DHDPS resulted in 29% higher lysine and 15% higher protein accumulation in rice grains than in the wild type. Importantly, the lysine content in transgenic grains was maintained in cooked rice. The transgenic plants also exhibited enhanced stress tolerance along with higher antioxidant levels, improved photosynthesis, and higher grain yield compared to wild-type plants. We have shown that protein engineering of DHDPS in rice can lead to accumulation of lysine in grains and impart abiotic stress tolerance. This approach could improve health in regions with nutrient deficiencies and environmental stressors that challenge food production and human health.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":"1408-1426"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjustments of plant primary metabolism in the face of climate change. 面对气候变化，植物初级新陈代谢的调整。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf116

Mustafa Bulut, Esra Karakas, Alisdair R Fernie

{"title":"Adjustments of plant primary metabolism in the face of climate change.","authors":"Mustafa Bulut, Esra Karakas, Alisdair R Fernie","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf116","url":null,"abstract":"Plant metabolism is profoundly affected by various abiotic stresses. Consequently, plants must reconfigure their metabolic networks to sustain homeostasis while synthesizing compounds that mitigate stress. This aspect, with the current intensified climate impact results in more frequent abiotic stresses on a global scale. Advances in metabolomics and systems biology in the last decades have enabled both a comprehensive overview and a detailed analysis of key components involved in the plant metabolic response to abiotic stresses. This review addresses metabolic responses to altered atmospheric CO2 and O3, water deficit, temperature extremes, light intensity fluctuations including the importance of UV-B, ionic imbalance, and oxidative stress predicted to be caused by climate change, long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. It also assesses both the commonalities and specificities of metabolic responses to diverse abiotic stresses, drawing on data from the literature. Classical stress-related metabolites such as proline, and polyamines are revisited, with an emphasis on the critical role of branched-chain amino acid metabolism under stress conditions. Finally, where possible, mechanistic insights into the regulation of metabolic processes and further outlook on combinatory stresses are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural Coloration and Epicuticular Wax Properties of the Distinctive Glaucous Leaves of Encephalartos horridus. 角叉菜独特釉叶的结构颜色和表皮蜡特性。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf115

Takashi Nobusawa, Takashi Okamoto, Michiharu Nakano, Makoto Kusaba

{"title":"Structural Coloration and Epicuticular Wax Properties of the Distinctive Glaucous Leaves of Encephalartos horridus.","authors":"Takashi Nobusawa, Takashi Okamoto, Michiharu Nakano, Makoto Kusaba","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf115","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves of the cycad Encephalartos horridus exhibit a conspicuous glaucous appearance, attributed to the presence of epicuticular wax. However, the molecular and optical bases of this coloration have not been scientifically explained. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of the epicuticular wax composition, combined with RNA-Seq and de novo transcriptome assembly, to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Additionally, Monte Carlo multi-layer (MCML) simulations were performed to model light interactions and explore the structural coloration generated by the epicuticular wax crystals. The wax was found to be predominantly composed of nonacosan-10-ol, forming tubular crystals that enhance reflectance in the long-wavelength UV to blue light range. However, the microstructure alone is not sufficient to produce the glaucous appearance; it arises from the interplay between the wax crystals and the underlying dark tissues rich in chlorophyll. These findings provide insights into the evolutionary adaptations of cycads to UV exposure and contribute to a broader understanding of plant surface lipid biosynthesis and structural coloration, with potential applications in biomimetic material design.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mycorrhizae and grapevines: the known unknowns of their interaction for wine growers´ challenges. 菌根与葡萄树：已知未知的相互作用给葡萄种植者带来的挑战。

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf081

Maider Velaz, Luis Gonzaga Santesteban, Nazareth Torres

{"title":"Mycorrhizae and grapevines: the known unknowns of their interaction for wine growers´ challenges.","authors":"Maider Velaz, Luis Gonzaga Santesteban, Nazareth Torres","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf081","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in grapevine production systems. However, little is known about how this relationship is achieved in the nursery and how soil management might modify it and its derived benefits. Here, we review the current knowledge on the establishment of grapevine-AMF relationships from the nursery to the field, the main factors that affect the effectiveness of the symbiosis, the potential role of AMF as biostimulants in grapevine production systems, and the future perspectives of their use in the current context of climate change. The process of establishing mycorrhizal symbiosis is complex, and the molecular dialogue between the plant roots and the fungus is still not yet fully understood. During vine plant production, rooting occurs in nurseries, where spontaneous symbiosis can be generated. The effectiveness of mycorrhizal symbiosis appears to depend not only on the identity of the fungus but also the diversity of the vine material and soil management. Finally, the use of AMF as biostimulants might be an effective strategy to face the new climatic scenario, but further research dealing with the application of AMF inocula and the protection of native cohorts should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0