Journal of Experimental Botany最新文献_第3页

Hacking the immune system: plant immune protease engineering for crop protection.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf137

Mariana Schuster, Alexander L Ciattoni, Renier A L van der Hoorn

引用次数: 0

Salicaceae endophyte inoculation alters stomatal patterning and improves the intrinsic water-use efficiency of Populus trichocarpa after a water-deficit.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf136

Matthew Hendrickson, Darshi Banan, Robert Tournay, Jonathan D Bakker, Sharon L Doty, Soo-Hyung Kim

{"title":"Salicaceae endophyte inoculation alters stomatal patterning and improves the intrinsic water-use efficiency of Populus trichocarpa after a water-deficit.","authors":"Matthew Hendrickson, Darshi Banan, Robert Tournay, Jonathan D Bakker, Sharon L Doty, Soo-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf136","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms may enhance plant resilience to water stress by influencing their hosts' physiology and anatomy at the leaf-level. Bacterial and yeast endophytes, isolated from wild poplar and willow, can improve the intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) of cultivated poplar (Populus) under water-deficits by lowering stomatal conductance (gsw). However, the relevance of stomatal anatomy underlying this reduction remains unclear. We hypothesized endophyte inoculation could change host stomatal anatomy, and this would relate to decreases in gsw. We subjected Salicaceae endophyte-inoculated and uninoculated Populus trichocarpa to well-watered and water-deficit treatments in greenhouse studies. We examined the changes of individual stomatal traits and related the composition of these parameters, termed stomatal patterning, to leaf gas-exchange under light saturation. After a water-deficit, inoculation improved iWUE at light saturation from preserving carbon assimilation (Anet) and lowering gsw, but these changes were independent of soil-moisture status. Drops in gsw corresponded to underlying shifts in stomatal patterning (Rconditional2 = 0.63; p = 0.002). Inoculated plants had smaller, more compact stomata and greater anatomical maximum stomatal conductance (gsmax) relative to the control (adj ηp2 = 0.1; p = 0.001). Salicaceae endophytes may alter stomatal density and size, lowering gsw and increasing iWUE. Future efforts may quantify endophyte colonization of the host to draw direct relationships between microbes and stomatal traits.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenylacetic acid metabolism in land plants: novel pathways and metabolites.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf092

Pavel Hladík, Federica Brunoni, Asta Žukauskaitė, Marek Zatloukal, Jakub Bělíček, David Kopečný, Pierre Briozzo, Nathan Ferchaud, Ondřej Novák, Aleš Pěnčík

{"title":"Phenylacetic acid metabolism in land plants: novel pathways and metabolites.","authors":"Pavel Hladík, Federica Brunoni, Asta Žukauskaitė, Marek Zatloukal, Jakub Bělíček, David Kopečný, Pierre Briozzo, Nathan Ferchaud, Ondřej Novák, Aleš Pěnčík","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf092","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, substantial progress has been made in exploring auxin conjugation and metabolism, primarily aiming at indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). However, the metabolic regulation of another key auxin, phenylacetic acid (PAA), remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we provide a comprehensive exploration of PAA metabolism in land plants. Through LC-MS screening across multiple plant species and their organs, we identified four previously unreported endogenous PAA metabolites: phenylacetyl-leucine (PAA-Leu), phenylacetyl-phenylalanine (PAA-Phe), phenylacetyl-valine (PAA-Val), and phenylacetyl-glucose (PAA-glc). Enzyme assays, genetic evidence, crystal structures, and docking studies demonstrate that PAA and IAA share core metabolic machinery, revealing a complex regulatory network that maintains auxin homeostasis. Furthermore, our study of PAA conjugation with amino acids and glucose suggests limited compensatory mechanisms within known conjugation pathways, pointing to the existence of alternative metabolic routes in land plants. These insights advance our knowledge of auxin-specific metabolic networks and highlight the unique complexity within plant hormone regulation.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mitochondrial thioredoxin system regulates the TCA cycle-derived metabolic fluxes toward the GS/GOGAT cycle in illuminated leaves.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf125

Paulo V L Souza, Vicente T C B Alencar, Humaira Bahadar, Joaquim Albenisio G Silveira, Danilo M Daloso

{"title":"The mitochondrial thioredoxin system regulates the TCA cycle-derived metabolic fluxes toward the GS/GOGAT cycle in illuminated leaves.","authors":"Paulo V L Souza, Vicente T C B Alencar, Humaira Bahadar, Joaquim Albenisio G Silveira, Danilo M Daloso","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf125","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies suggest that the synthesis of glutamate/glutamine is regulated by the mitochondrial thioredoxin (TRX) system. However, the mechanisms behind it remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the level of citrate and glutamate was higher in illuminated leaves from Arabidopsis mutants lacking the mitochondrial TRX o1 (trxo1) or both NADPH-dependent TRX reductases A/B (ntrab), that are found in nucleus, cytosol and mitochondria, when compared to the wild type (WT). Increased 13C-labelling in glutamate derived from 13C-pyruvate was observed in illuminated trxo1 and ntrab leaves, but not in WT and in the microsomal trxh2 mutant. The lack of TRX o1 decreased the content and activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), which leads to a lower level of glutamine, and exacerbated the increases in GS activity triggered by high light, when compared to the WT. The level of glutamine was positively correlated with the percentage of the oxidized GS band. However, the GS redox status was unaltered in all mutants. Our results indicate mitochondrial TRX mutants have higher metabolic fluxes from the TCA to the GS/GOGAT cycle in vivo, likely associated to an increased substrate availability and by direct-and-indirect TRX-mediated mechanisms that regulate enzymes of both TCA and GS/GOGAT cycles.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dissection of photosynthetic short and long-term acclimation to fluctuating light reveals specific functions within the chloroplast thioredoxin network.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf121

Dejan Dziubek, Louis Poeker, Luca Jäger, Martin Lehmann, Dario Leister, Ute Armbruster, Peter Geigenberger

{"title":"Dissection of photosynthetic short and long-term acclimation to fluctuating light reveals specific functions within the chloroplast thioredoxin network.","authors":"Dejan Dziubek, Louis Poeker, Luca Jäger, Martin Lehmann, Dario Leister, Ute Armbruster, Peter Geigenberger","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf121","url":null,"abstract":"Thioredoxins (TRX) play an important role in controlling photosynthetic acclimation to fluctuating light (FL), while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we used Arabidopsis mutants lacking NADPH-dependent TRX-reductase C (NTRC) or parts of the light-dependent TRX systems to investigate specific functions of this network in FL. In the wildtype, photosynthetic acclimation required three days to develop and stabilized after five days of growth in FL. In the ntrc mutant, these acclimation responses were strongly attenuated, leading to decreased PSII acceptor availability, increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and impaired PSII quantum efficiency. Moreover, PSI performance decreased, while acceptor-side limitation of PSI increased. This was due to a specifically strong decline in the reduction states of 2-Cys-peroxiredoxins and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, resulting in decreased CO2-fixation rates and delayed relaxation of NPQ in the low-light phases of FL. Since this was not reflected by changes in de-epoxidation of violaxanthin, state transition or chlorophyll a level, ntrc mutants showed an apparent lack of photoprotective responses that may explain their increased vulnerability under prolonged growth in FL. Results show that NADPH-dependent NTRC is balancing chloroplast redox-systems and Calvin-Benson-cycle activity during prolonged light variability, to optimize PSI, PSII and water-use efficiency, while having no direct effect on photoprotective mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: The maize aquaporin ZmPIP1;6 enhances stomatal opening and CO2- and ABA-induced stomatal closure.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf132

引用次数: 0

Using targeted genome methylation for crop improvement.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf131

Zhibo Wang, Rebecca S Bart

{"title":"Using targeted genome methylation for crop improvement.","authors":"Zhibo Wang, Rebecca S Bart","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf131","url":null,"abstract":"Genome editing allows scientists to specifically change the DNA sequence of an organism. This powerful technology now fuels basic biology discovery and tangible crop improvement efforts. There is a less well understood layer of information encoded in genomes, known collectively as 'epigenetics,' that impacts gene expression, without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic processes allow organisms to rapidly respond to environmental fluctuation. Like genome editing, recent advances have demonstrated that it is possible to edit the epigenome of a plant and cause heritable phenotypic changes. In this review we aim to specifically consider the unique advantages that targeted epigenome editing might provide over existing biotechnology tools. This review is aimed at a broad audience. We begin with a high-level overview the tools currently available for crop improvement. Next, we present a more detailed overview of the key discoveries that have been made in recent years, primarily using the model system Arabidopsis, new efforts to extend targeted methylation to crop plants, the current status of the technology and the challenges that remain to realize the full potential of targeted epigenome editing. We end with a forward-looking commentary on how epi-alleles might interface with breeding programs across a variety of crops.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency of Brassica napus L. under low nitrogen by overexpression of G-proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf130

Yuyu Xie, Yunyou Nan, Ayub Atif, Derong Shi, Hui Tian, Jing Hui, Yanfeng Zhang, Alan M Jones, Yajun Gao

{"title":"Enhancing seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency of Brassica napus L. under low nitrogen by overexpression of G-proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana.","authors":"Yuyu Xie, Yunyou Nan, Ayub Atif, Derong Shi, Hui Tian, Jing Hui, Yanfeng Zhang, Alan M Jones, Yajun Gao","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf130","url":null,"abstract":"Heterotrimeric G-proteins, composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, are involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways in plants. OsDEP1 (Gγ subunit-encoded protein) of rice and TaNBP1 (Gβ subunit-encoded protein) of wheat are homologs of Arabidopsis AGG3 and AGB1, respectively, which are regulators of grain size and also involved in nitrogen responses. However, the function of Arabidopsis G-proteins in nitrogen utilization under different nitrogen conditions has not been fully investigated. In this study, to evaluate the role of Arabidopsis G-proteins towards yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), overexpressing transgenic lines AtGPA1, AtAGB1 together with AtAGG1 (AGB1-AGG1), with AtAGG2 (AGB1-AGG2), and with AtAGG3 (AGB1-AGG3) were created in the \"K407\" Brassica napus (B. napus). Analysis of multiple transgenic B. napus lines showed that overexpression of GPA1, AGB1-AGG1, AGB1-AGG2, or AGB1-AGG3 increased the biomass of seedling plants including a well-developed root system and increased nitrogen uptake under low and high nitrogen conditions. The activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), a key nitrogen assimilating enzyme, as well as the expression levels of genes that are involved in nitrogen uptake and assimilation were significantly increased in overexpressing plants under low nitrogen conditions. These properties enabled overexpressing plants to increase the number of seeds per silique by 12%-27% only under low nitrogen condition, effectively improving yield per plant by 9%-69% and NUE by 7%-49%. These results reveal roles of G-proteins in regulating seed traits and NUE, and provide a strategy that can substantially improve crop yield and NUE.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precision Tuning of ABA Signaling by Ubiquitination of ABA Receptors: Modulating Protein Activity and Localization.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf104

Chang Du, Zhonghui Zhang

引用次数: 0

White lupin: improving legume-based protein production via intercropping.

IF 5.6 2区生物学

Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraf127

Corentin Dourmap, Joelle Fustec, Christophe Naudin, Nicolas Carton, Guillaume Tcherkez

{"title":"White lupin: improving legume-based protein production via intercropping.","authors":"Corentin Dourmap, Joelle Fustec, Christophe Naudin, Nicolas Carton, Guillaume Tcherkez","doi":"10.1093/jxb/eraf127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraf127","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change, increased needs for food, industry and mitigation of environmental impacts are currently driving changes in agricultural practices. Moreover, increasing demand for plant-based protein in substitution to animal protein or to reduce soybean importations is driving cultivation of high-protein crops. Legumes are such crops that play a critical role in this process. Amongst them, white lupin is a so-called orphan species, i.e. associated with relatively little cultivated surface area worldwide and limited agronomic knowledge. Lupin is nevertheless very promising since seeds contain a high content of storage proteins with interesting nutritional properties. Also, it has low fertilisation requirements since it forms root clusters allowing efficient phosphorus (P) acquisition, along with symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation by nodules. Nevertheless, lupin cultivation faces important challenges such as yield variability, slow vegetative development or susceptibility to weeds diseases and water stress, for example. Lupin has an enormous potential for resource-saving practices such as intercropping with non-legumes, because of niche complementarity for N acquisition and facilitation of P transfer to the associated species, which can in turn mitigate weeds and pests, and ensure yield stability. To overcome several bottlenecks associated with lupin cultivation (e.g. nutrient utilisation, drought resistance or limiting the impact of weeds), genetic, metabolic, and agronomic research is required in order to define ideotypes that are particularly well-fitted to sustainable agricultural practices such as intercropping, with optimal protein yield. This is one of the purposes of the trans-disciplinary research programme PULSAR, funded by France 2030, which aims to unlock several bottlenecks in lupin utilisation in agronomy.","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0