{"title":"Identification of Distinct Interacting Proteins of Giardia lamblia Centrins Using Yeast Two-Hybrid Assays","authors":"Mee Young Shin, Juri Kim, Soon-Jung Park","doi":"10.1111/jeu.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jeu.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Giardia lamblia</i>, a protozoan parasite that causes diarrhea in humans, contains two centrins implicated in cellular morphology and cell division. To identify proteins interacting with each <i>G. lamblia</i> centrin (GlCent), we performed a yeast two-hybrid assay. The coding sequences of the two centrins, GlCent1 (GL50803_6744) and GlCent2 (GL50803_104685), were cloned into pGBKT7 as bait constructs. A <i>G. lamblia</i> cDNA library, driven by pGADT7, was transformed into yeast strains expressing each bait protein. Initial screening on selective media yielded 17 and 23 candidate clones for GlCent1 and GlCent2, respectively. After retransformation and interaction strength analysis using growth assays, 10 GlCent1-interacting clones and 5 GlCent2-interacting clones were selected. Their interactions were validated using co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays in transgenic <i>Giardia</i> cells co-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged centrins and myc-tagged candidate proteins. The results showed that ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (GL50803_9779) and preimplantation protein 3 (GL50803_3417) were GlCent1-binding proteins, whereas two hypothetical proteins (GL50803_4239 and _27739) interacted with GlCent2. Proteins interacting with the two centrins transiently co-localized during cell division. These findings suggest that GlCent1 and GlCent2 might participate in cell division by associating with distinct partner proteins in <i>Giardia</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jeu.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148156752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hidden Species Diversity in Sulfonecta Jankowski, 1978 (Ciliophora: Armophorea): Integrative Evidence for a New Species and Reassessment of the Type Species","authors":"Nanda Dwi Kristanti, Quoc Dung Nguyen, Borong Lu, Novia Cahyani, Mann Kyoon Shin","doi":"10.1111/jeu.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on anaerobic ciliates has intensified over the past decades, with Armophorea being most studied, but members of Armophorida remaining relatively understudied. Previously, the genus <i>Sulfonecta</i> Jankowski, 1978 was monotypic, with <i>S. uniserialis</i> (Levander, 1894) Jankowski, 1978 as the type species. Our morphological and molecular investigation of two Korean populations of freshwater caenomorphid ciliates identified <i>S. uniserialis</i> from Jeju and a new species, <i>S. multiserialis</i> n. sp., isolated from Ulsan. The new species is characterized by one to three macronuclei and a pronounced expansion of the posterior region, with posterior kineties (PK) comprising 7–11 rows, each row possessing more than 25 dikinetids. We consider populations previously reported by Schmall (1976) and Foissner et al. (1992) as <i>S. uniserialis</i> to be synonymous with the new species. By contrast, <i>S. uniserialis</i> has a more slender posterior region bearing only 3 or 4 PK. The separation of <i>Sulfonecta multiserialis</i> n. sp. and <i>S. uniserialis</i> is also supported by clear phylogenetic divergence. Their SSU rRNA gene sequences differ by 22–34 nucleotides, reinforcing recognition of two distinct species within <i>Sulfonecta</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jeu.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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