Journal of Dietary Supplements最新文献

{"title":"A Mushroom Based Prebiotic Supplement Pilot Study Among Patients with Crohn's Disease.","authors":"Haim Leibovitzh, Naomi Fliss Isakov, Lael Werner, Tamar Thurm, Ayal Hirsch, Nathaniel Aviv Cohen, Nitsan Maharshak","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2498127","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2498127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data on a mushroom based prebiotic supplementation in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in western population is scarce. In this pilot trial, we aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and fecal microbial compositional and functional alterations associated with 'Mycodigest,' a commercial prebiotic supplement composed of three mushroom extracts. Patients with mild to moderate CD were recruited to a single center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot induction trial. Clinical efficacy using the Harvey-Bradshaw index and biochemical response using C-reactive protein and fecal calprotectin were assessed at week 8 post-intervention. Fecal samples were assessed by DNA shotgun metagenomic sequencing. A multivariable linear mixed effects model was used to assess alteration in fecal microbiome composition and function pre- and post-'Mycodigest' intervention. Clinical response was higher in the 'Mycodigest' intervention (<i>N</i> = 10) compared to the placebo (<i>N</i> = 6) group (80 <i>vs.</i> 16.7%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.035). There were no differences in terms of biochemical response within each group pre- and post-intervention. Post-'Mycodigest' intervention, 25 species were found to be differentially abundant compared to baseline, including increase in short chain fatty acid producing bacteria, such as <i>Parabacteroides distasonis</i> (Beta coefficient 0.92, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 0.36-1.47) and <i>Faecalimonas umbilicata</i> (Beta coefficient 0.57, 95% CI 0.23-0.90). Two microbial pathways related to the metabolism of isoprenoid compounds were increased post-'Mycodigest' intervention. Mushroom based prebiotic supplementation in subjects with CD resulted in clinical improvement which may be related to post-intervention favorable compositional and functional microbial alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"511-524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Maternal Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Postpartum Body Weight and Metabolic Health in Rats with Obesity.","authors":"Truc T K Le, Gabriella A Andreani, Saleh Mahmood, Mulchand S Patel, Todd C Rideout","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2483267","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2483267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the influence of dietary α-lipoic acid (LA; R enantiomer) supplementation in obese-complicated pregnancies on maternal postpartum body weight and metabolic health. Forty-eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three dietary groups throughout pre-pregnancy, gestation, and lactation: (i) a low-calorie control diet (CON); (ii) a high calorie obesity-inducing diet (HC); or (iii) the HC diet with 0.25% LA (HC+LA). Following offspring weaning, all mothers were switched to the CON diet for a postpartum period of 140 days to assess maternal body weight and markers of metabolic health. HC-fed mothers showed excessive (<i>p</i> < 0.05) gestational weight gain (GWG), higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) postpartum body weight, reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.05) glycemic control (lower glucose:insulin ratio) and higher (<i>p</i> = 0.06) hepatic cholesterol concentration versus CON mothers. In contrast, HC+LA mothers demonstrated lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) body weight throughout the experimental period compared with HC mothers, primarily due to a marked reduction in GWG. Although LA did not protect (<i>p</i> > 0.05) against reduced glycemic control, it did alter several aspects of lipid metabolism including reduced serum HDL-C and a lower concentration of hepatic cholesterol which was mediated partly through a reduction in low-density lipoprotein receptor expression. We conclude that maternal obesity during pregnancy leads to a longer-term detrimental impact on weight gain and glycemic control, even after switching to a low-calorie postpartum diet. Maternal LA supplementation may be able to partially offset these effects, likely by protecting against excessive GWG during pregnancy. However, further work is required to determine the consequences of reduced serum HDL-C in LA-supplemented mothers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"417-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Blend of Trisodium Citrate, Creatine Monohydrate, Leucine, and Blueberry Extract on Training-Induced Changes in Leg Extension Strength, Endurance, and Muscle Size.","authors":"Trevor D Roberts, Jocelyn E Arnett, Dolores G Ortega, Justin S Pioske, F Joseph Daugherty, Michael S Tempesta, Alekha K Dash, Richard J Schmidt, Terry J Housh","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2518408","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2518408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although creatine monohydrate (CM), leucine, and polyphenols have been independently researched, there is a lack of research on the effects of a supplementation blend containing trisodium citrate, CM, leucine, and blueberry extract (TCLB) on muscle strength, endurance, and size. This study compared the effects of 8 wk of supplementation with TCLB versus CM and placebo (PLA) combined with resistance training on leg extension strength, endurance, and muscle size. Twenty-eight recreationally active men ingested either TCLB (<i>n</i> = 10), CM (<i>n</i> = 10), or PLA (<i>n</i> = 8) during 8 wk of resistance training. Leg extension 1-repetition maximum (1RM), leg extension repetitions-to-failure at ∼80% of pre-training 1RM, individual quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA) values, and the sum of the CSA values (CSA_sum) were assessed at pre-training and post-training. Separate one-way ANCOVAs covaried for pre-training values were used to analyze differences in adjusted post-training means. Separate Chi-squared tests were used to analyze differences between groups in the proportion of subjects that exceeded the minimal important difference (MID). There were no group differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) for leg extension 1RM, leg extension repetitions-to-failure, rectus femoris CSA, vastus lateralis CSA, or vastus medialis CSA. The TCLB group demonstrated greater (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) adjusted post-training means and proportions of subjects who exceeded the MID for the CSA_sum and vastus intermedius CSA than the PLA group, but the TCLB group did not differ (<i>p</i> > 0.05) from the CM group for those variables. The CM group (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) exhibited a greater proportion of subjects who exceeded the MID for the CSA_sum than the PLA group. These findings indicated that 8 wk of supplementation with TCLB and CM combined with resistance training increased the overall quadriceps muscle size greater than the PLA, but TCLB did not differ from CM. Furthermore, the groups did not differ in the training-induced increases in leg extension strength and endurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"584-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of an Analytical Method to Identify and Quantitate Novel Modafinil Analogs in Products Marketed as Dietary Supplements.","authors":"Erica L Bakota, Joan M Nandrea","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2417673","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2417673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modafinil (brand name Provigil®) is a Schedule IV (U.S.) drug used for the treatment of narcolepsy and sleep disorders. It is also known to be used recreationally. Analogs of modafinil, including adrafinil, remain unapproved and/or unscheduled. The lack of scheduling has made these analogs a popular target for recreational use and inclusion in dietary supplements. However, the use of controlled substances (or their analogs) without the care of a physician presents a public health risk. Preliminary nontargeted analyses in our laboratory revealed the presence of adrafinil in several dietary supplements, highlighting the need for an analytical method to identify modafinil analogs in supplements. A liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed and validated to quantitate modafinil, plus four novel unscheduled modafinil analogs: adrafinil, CRL-40,940, CRL-40,941, and N-methyl-4,4-difluoromodafinil. This method was then applied to four samples of products marketed as dietary supplements collected via undercover purchase. These four products were marketed as nootropics or cognitive enhancers and labeled to contain adrafinil. Adrafinil was found in all four samples. The identification of modafinil analogs in this context is important so that consumers are not, knowingly or unknowingly, consuming these active pharmaceutical ingredients in products marketed as dietary supplements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ashwagandha (<i>Withania somnifera</i>) Plant Extracts Affect the Cytochrome P450 System and Cytotoxicity of Primary Human Hepatocytes.","authors":"Kelli L McDonald, Zarna Raichura, Satyanarayana R Pondugula, Luke Marney, Liping Yang, Jaewoo Choi, Julia M Salamat, Mikah S Brandes, Cody Neff, Keila Adams, Gracie Farmer, Catherine Dennis, Claudia S Maier, Amala Soumyanath, Robert D Arnold, Angela I Calderón","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2514458","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2514458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ashwagandha (<i>Withania somnifera</i> [L] Dunal) is emerging as one of the top 10 botanicals in the market due to its claimed health benefits as an adaptogen. Alongside its popularity, the lack of standardization in botanical dietary supplements and potential interactions with prescription drugs raise safety concerns. This study aimed to investigate the potential of ashwagandha extracts to induce cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, which are critical for drug metabolism and implicated in botanical-drug interactions. A sandwich-cultured in vitro assay using primary human hepatocytes was utilized to evaluate the induction potential of aqueous and 70% ethanolic extracts of ashwagandha roots and leaves on CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP1A2-enzymes commonly involved in drug metabolism. Unlike prior studies that focused on root extracts or used HepG2 cell lines, this research included both root and leaf plant extracts, with the latter being assessed for the first time. Our approach using primary hepatocytes enhances clinical relevance compared to other in vitro models (such as HepG2 cell lines). Additionally, cytotoxicity was examined using CellTitre-Glo Luminescent Assay, measuring cell viability at three different incubation times (24, 48, and 72 hours) to assess the potential cytotoxic effect of the ashwagandha plant extracts. Our findings revealed that 70% ethanol ashwagandha root extracts (WSR-2) modulated CYP3A4 enzyme expression and activity. Preliminary studies on cytotoxicity indicated dose- and time-dependent impact on hepatocyte viability with a high concentration of 70% ethanol ashwagandha leaf extracts (WSL-2). The study highlights the importance of understanding ashwagandha's impact on P450-based drug metabolism and its safe co-administration with prescribed drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"613-639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinically Relevant Herb-Drug Interactions: A 30-Year Historical Assessment.","authors":"Bill J Gurley","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2327544","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2327544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, a legislative measure ushering in a novel class of complementary healthcare products known as dietary supplements, will mark its 30th anniversary in October 2024. Over this 30-year period, dietary supplement usage evolved from a few hundred products made up mostly of vitamins, minerals, and select botanical extracts to more than 75,000 single- and multi-ingredient products that are now regular staples in the American healthcare system and used by half of all U.S. consumers. One of the fastest-growing segments of the dietary supplement market during this 3-decade interval has been those products formulated with botanical extracts. Coincident with the growing popularity of botanical dietary supplements (BDS) has been their concomitant ingestion with conventional prescription medications. BDS are complex mixtures of phytochemicals oftentimes exhibiting complex pharmacology. Formulated as concentrated phytochemical extracts, BDS are vehicles for a host of plant secondary metabolites rarely encountered in the typical diet. When taken with prescription drugs, BDS may give rise to clinically significant herb-drug interactions (HDI). Pharmacodynamic HDI describe interactions between phytochemicals and conventional medications at the drug receptor level, while pharmacokinetic HDI stem from phytochemical-mediated induction and/or inhibition of human drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters. This review summarizes BDS identified over the last 30 years that pose clinically relevant HDI and whose mechanisms are either pharmacodynamically or pharmacokinetically mediated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"78-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140174958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Screening Strategy to Identify Hepatotoxicity and Drug Interaction Potential of Botanicals.","authors":"Amy L Roe, Julie Krzykwa, Angela I Calderón, Cécile Bascoul, Bill J Gurley, Igor Koturbash, Albert P Li, Yitong Liu, Constance A Mitchell, Hellen Oketch-Rabah, Lin Si, Richard B van Breemen, Heather Walker, Stephen S Ferguson","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2417679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2417679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botanical supplements, herbal remedies, and plant-derived products are used globally. However, botanical dietary supplements are rarely subjected to robust safety testing unless there are adverse reports in post-market surveillance. Botanicals are complex and difficult to assess using current frameworks designed for single constituent substances (e.g. small molecules or discrete chemicals), making safety assessments costly and time-consuming. The liver is a primary organ of concern for potential botanical-induced hepatotoxicity and botanical-drug interactions as it plays a crucial role in xenobiotic metabolism. The NIH-funded Drug Induced Liver Injury Network noted that the number of botanical-induced liver injuries in 2017 nearly tripled from those observed in 2004-2005. New approach methodologies (NAMs) can aid in the rapid and cost-effective assessment of botanical supplements for potential hepatotoxicity. The Hepatotoxicity Working Group within the Botanical Safety Consortium is working to develop a screening strategy that can help reliably identify potential hepatotoxic botanicals and inform mechanisms of toxicity. This manuscript outlines the Hepatotoxicity Working Group's strategy and describes the assays selected and the rationale for the selection of botanicals used in case studies. The selected NAMs evaluated as a part of this effort are intended to be incorporated into a larger battery of assays to evaluate multiple endpoints related to botanical safety. This work will contribute to a botanical safety toolkit, providing researchers with tools to better understand hepatotoxicity associated with botanicals, prioritize and plan future testing as needed, and gain a deeper insight into the botanicals being tested.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"162-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Manual Dexterity, and Postural Balance in Patients Living with Multiple sclerosis - A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sonda Jallouli, Sameh Ghroubi, Nadia Bouattour, Salma Sakka, Mariem Damak, Chokri Mhiri, Abdelmoneem Yahia, Mohamed Habib Elleuch, Giovanni de Marco, Tarak Driss, Omar Hammouda","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2449030","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2449030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our previous study revealed the benefits of chronic melatonin intake on dynamic postural imbalance and poor walking capacity induced by multiple sclerosis but its impact on muscle weakness and poor manual dexterity related to this disease has not yet been explored. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of 12-week melatonin supplementation on motor skills (i.e., muscle strength, manual dexterity, and static postural balance) and psycho-cognitive status among multiple sclerosis patients. For that, twenty-seven patients were divided into melatonin group (MG, <i>n</i> = 15) and placebo group (PG, <i>n</i> = 12). Melatonin and placebo were each taken at a dose of 3 mg per night, 30 min before bedtime, for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, we assessed isokinetic knee muscle strength (dynamometer), manual dexterity (Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT)), static postural balance (force platform), mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)), and cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and Trail Making Test (TMT)). The results showed that the peak torques of knee flexors (120°/s: <i>p</i> = 0.015, Hedges'g (g) = 1.84; 180°/s: <i>p</i> = 0.02, g = 2.06) and extensors (120°/s: <i>p</i> = 0.019, g = 1.63; 180°/s: <i>p</i> = 0.03, g = 2.01) increased in MG comparatively with PG. There was also a decrease in the sway area (bipedal stance) and mediolateral amplitude (unipedal stance) of the center of pressure in MG compared with PG in the eyes-open (both: <i>p</i> < 0.001; g = 4.32, g = 1.99, respectively) and eyes-closed (<i>p</i> = 0.0007, g = 1.31; <i>p</i> = 0.003, g = 1.79, respectively) conditions. The MG showed an increase in MoCA (<i>p</i> = 0.0006, g = 1.51) and SDMT (<i>p</i> = 0.02, g = 0.95) scores, as well as a decrease in HADS-Total score (<i>p</i> = 0.012, g = 1.06), TMT (<i>p</i> = 0.03, g = 0.91) and NHPT durations (<i>p</i> < 0.001, g = 2.36) comparatively with PG. Based on this study, the 12-week melatonin supplementation was effective in improving knee muscle strength, manual dexterity, static postural balance, mood, and cognition in multiple sclerosis patients. For clinical trial regsitration, this study was prospectively recorded in the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR202007465309582).</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"236-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carnitine: Its Crucial Role in Metabolic Health and Cardiovascular Function.","authors":"Fremita Fredrick, Kanishk Aggarwal, Anish Kumar Reddy Meda, Fnu Anamika, Amishi Singla, Pranjal Jain, Rohit Jain","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2530243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2530243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carnitine is an amino acid derivative synthesized from lysine and methionine that is vital for fatty acid metabolism and energy production. Predominantly in its L-form, carnitine facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation, which is necessary for adenosine triphosphate production. While carnitine deficiency is rare, even among vegetarians, its supplementation could be a promising avenue to address various cardiovascular issues, including ischemia, arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy. Evidence strongly suggests that carnitine can remarkably improve cardiac function, reduce biomarkers of heart failure, and enhance metabolic profiles in -conditions such as chronic heart failure and myocardial infarction. However, there are concerns about the potential for enlarged trimethylamine-N-oxide levels and atherosclerotic markers with supplementation. This review explores the effects of carnitine supplementation on cardiovascular health, its pathophysiology, and its clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"664-679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin K Nutritional Status and Disease Risk - A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Yundan Qu, Si Zhao, Xinhe Cai, Hanxue Huang, Pan Xie, Jingbo Peng, Wei Zhang, Honghao Zhou, Xi Li, Yi Chen, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2538485","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2538485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin K is an essential nutrient obtained from dietary sources and commonly included in mainstream dietary supplements, playing a key role in regulating physiological functions and maintaining overall health. However, the causal nature of such associations between vitamin K nutritional status and diseases remains obscure. The existence of causality helps to prove the possibility of vitamin K becoming a biomarker for predicting susceptibility to certain diseases. To investigate this hypothesis, we conducted a literature review to identify diseases previously reported to be associated with vitamin K nutritional status, including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, liver diseases and cancer, as candidate outcome factors. We also selected specific vitamin K subtypes with distinct physiological functions as exposure factors. Subsequently, we utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) statistics to clarify causal relationships and distinguish vitamin K's role as a risk factor or protective factor for these diseases. Our results showed that genetically predicted circulating vitamin K1 levels were positively associated with ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) risk, and negatively associated with lung carcinoma risk. Additionally, matrix Gla protein (MGP), as a biomarker of vitamin K2 nutritional status, was found to be positively associated with the risk of breast carcinoma and ALD. Osteocalcin (OC), another vitamin K2 biomarker, was potentially protective against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This novel causality discovery highlighted the necessity for further exploration of vitamin K nutritional status as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis and potential as a predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarker for disease, including carcinoma, liver disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"775-794"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}