Journal of Dietary Supplements最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the Bioaccessibility of Two Formulations of Magnesium Bisglycinate Using an In Vitro Simulation of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract.","authors":"Cindy Duysburgh, Marlies Govaert, Peter Azmi, Robert Finn, Nylen Simmons, Massimo Marzorati","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2727023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2727023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern diets are often deficient in magnesium, making magnesium supplementation an important consideration for overall human health. However, the efficiency of magnesium release and absorption in the small intestine varies among different magnesium formulations. The objective of this study was therefore to assess whether using the same magnesium salt type in different formulations could affect efficiency of magnesium release and passive diffusion in the simulated human intestine. This study utilized an <i>in vitro</i> simulation of the upper gastrointestinal tract under fasted conditions to evaluate capsule dissolution and levels of bioaccessible and dialyzable magnesium during transit for two magnesium bisglycinate supplements containing a similar magnesium content (Chelamax^® and Albion^®). For this purpose, the validated Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME^®) technology platform was used and magnesium fractions were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy following sample extraction. Analytical validation proved that the model was fit for purpose (94-102% recovery, RSD ≤ 2.4%, R2 > 0.999, LOQ 0.04 mg/kg). Visual capsule scoring found that the Chelamax^® product dissolved later in gastrointestinal transit than the Albion^® product. Magnesium bioaccessibility was higher for the Chelamax^® versus Albion^® product in early phases of the gastrointestinal tract (i.e. duodenum), resulting in 17% higher overall Mg availability after the small intestinal incubation was complete. The level of dialyzable magnesium at the end of the small intestinal incubation was significantly higher with the Chelamax^® versus Albion^® product (53 mg vs. 39 mg; p = 0.0009). These results demonstrate that the Chelamax^® product showed significantly higher <i>in vitro</i> efficiency of potentially absorbable magnesium, even upon using the same magnesium salt type, suggesting the crucial role of product formulation. Even though a proven valid <i>in vitro</i> methodology for the prediction of effectiveness of magnesium availability was used, future <i>in vivo</i> studies should confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"690-704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Alpha Lipoic Acid as an Adjuvant Therapy on Inflammation and Fibrosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Aya M Shama, Noha A El-Bassiouny, Yasser E Bahnacy, Rehab H Werida","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2601020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2601020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its effects on left ventricular dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of ALA on cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and myocardial function as an adjuvant therapy for ICM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-center trial enrolled 67 diabetic patients with ICM, who were randomized to receive either ALA 600 mg once daily or placebo for three months, in addition to ICM medications. Both groups were evaluated for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), tissue growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and some echocardiographic indices before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty patients (aged 45-75 years; 70% males) completed the study (ALA group <i>n</i> = 30; placebo group <i>n</i> = 30). After three months, the ALA group exhibited significantly lower levels of TNF-α [443 (326/515) vs. 499 (448/657) pg/ml], CRP [4.5 (4.2/6.1) vs. 11 (6.3/12.1) mg/l], TGF-β1 [161 (104/189) vs. 206 (158/248) pg/ml], and MMP-2 [1450 (1164/1894) vs. 1815 (1339/2133) pg/ml] (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, in the ALA group, there was a significant increase in LVEF [36% (34/40) vs. 28% (25/31.8)], whereas LVESD, LVEDD, and LAD were significantly decreased compared to the placebo group [4.7 (3.9/5.8) vs. 5.6 (5.1/5.6) cm; 6.1 ± 0.7 vs. 6.5 ± 0.5 cm; 4.2 (3.9/4.7) vs. 4.8 (4.4/5.1) cm] (<i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adjunctive ALA therapy considerably reduced inflammation and improved cardiac function in patients with ICM. Additionally, our findings suggest that ALA may influence profibrotic signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145762894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Supplements (Nutraceuticals) for Improving Adult Fracture Healing Outcomes: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Gaps.","authors":"McKenna W Box, Charles Marchese, Troy B Puga, John T Riehl","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2624110","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2624110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fracture healing (fracture union) is a central goal of adult orthopedic trauma care. Patients frequently use dietary supplements (nutraceuticals) during fracture recovery to reduce the risk of delayed union and nonunion. However, clinicians have limited guidance from high-quality clinical trials and a large body of preclinical evidence. Malunion and nonunion can cause repeated surgeries, disability, and high costs. Nutraceuticals such as protein, amino acids, collagen, calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, vitamin C, omega-3 fatty acids, and creatine are considered adjuncts in fracture healing, influencing collagen synthesis, mineralization, inflammation, and muscle health. Animal studies show mixed results but suggest benefits. Human evidence primarily involves proteins, amino acids, vitamin D, and calcium, with mixed effects on healing and radiographic union, and small studies on magnesium, zinc, and vitamin C. Early data on magnesium and zinc suggest potential benefits for early healing, but evidence remains limited. No adult trials directly assess collagen, omega-3s, or creatine, highlighting the need for more well-designed studies with standard outcomes. Evidence regarding the role of these nutraceuticals in fracture prevention or bone density is used as background and for hypothesis development when direct evidence of fracture is scarce. We identify patient groups most likely to benefit, such as older adults with malnutrition, low protein intake, vitamin D deficiency, or fragility fractures. We also discuss practical considerations for perioperative supplement counseling and highlight key evidence gaps to inform future fracture-healing research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"306-330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146201941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopy Combined with LC-UV Analysis as a Tool for Authentication of Ginseng Species Used in Traditional Medicine and Detection of Their Adulterants.","authors":"Josimar Külkamp, Ahmed G Osman, Kumar Katragunta, Bharathi Avula, Ikhlas A Khan, Amar G Chittiboyina","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2680314","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2680314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicinal and aromatic plants are vital to the global herbal trade, with <i>Panax</i> species (ginseng) being highly valued for their health-promoting benefits. Ensuring the quality and safety of the plant raw material is essential; however, intentional or unintentional adulteration with morphologically similar species often comprises product authenticity, which is common in herbal products. Comparative morphoanatomy together with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) analyses were conducted on four <i>Panax</i> species (<i>P. ginseng</i>, <i>P. quinquefolius</i>, <i>P. japonicus</i>, and <i>P. notoginseng</i>) and two common adulterants (<i>Codonopsis pilosula</i> and <i>Platycodon grandiflorus</i>). Microscopic examination of intact roots, rhizomes, and their powders revealed critical diagnostic traits. The presence of secretory ducts and abundant starch grains were consistent in <i>Panax</i> species, but absent or scarce in adulterants. While xylem architecture effectively differentiated most species, the high anatomical similarity between <i>P. ginseng</i> and <i>P. quinquefolius</i> remained a challenge. The morphology of starch grains and xylem vessels also served as diagnostic features to differentiate the ginseng species from both adulterants. HPLC-UV profiles corroborated these findings, identifying eight major ginsenosides in <i>Panax</i> samples, while adulterants were entirely devoid of these compounds. These results confirm that anatomical analysis provides robust, practical criteria for the authentication of ginseng. Integrating microscopic techniques with chemical profiling offers a reliable, complementary approach to detecting adulteration, including economically motivated bulking, thereby ensuring the botanical integrity and safety of herbal products.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"475-489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148205157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Human Lactoferrin (Effera^®) at Two Doses Versus Bovine Lactoferrin on the Adult Gut Microbiome and Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids: a Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.","authors":"Ross D Peterson, Julian van der Made, Sharon M Donovan, Mei Wang, Ryan N Dilger, Nicole Kaplan, Anthony J Clark","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2673021","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2673021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human lactoferrin (hLF) is a glycoprotein of commercial interest as a food ingredient for gut health. We conducted an exploratory analysis comparing the effects of Helaina hLF (effera^®), produced by <i>Komagataella phaffii</i>, and bovine LF (bLF) on the adult gut microbiome and fecal metabolites. In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-arm, controlled trial, 66 healthy adults received either high-dose (HD) effera^® (3.4 g/day), low-dose (LD) effera^® (0.34 g/day), or bLF (3.4 g/day) supplementation for 28 days. Fecal samples collected at Days 0 (baseline), 28, 56, and 84 were analyzed for microbial diversity, taxonomic shifts, and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Alpha-diversity remained stable across all groups. Beta-diversity showed no main effect of treatment; however, bLF was associated with significant visit-related shifts, as assessed by weighted UniFrac. At the phylum level, significant changes associated with effera^® were observed, including decreases in <i>Bacillota</i> (LD) and <i>Verrucomicrobiota</i> (HD), and notable genus-level increases in <i>Lachnospira</i>, <i>Paraprevotella</i>, and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> (HD), while bLF was associated with an increase <i>Bacteroidota</i> at the phylum level and with an increase in the genus <i>Roseburia</i>. Both effera^® and bLF were associated with decreases in <i>Blautia</i> and <i>Dorea</i>. VFA analysis revealed that bLF increased absolute concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs); both effera^® treatments produced proportional changes in SCFAs as a percent of total VFA, acetate, and individual BCFAs. In healthy adults, effera^® supplementation promoted a proportional increase in acetate and supported potentially beneficial taxa while maintaining microbial diversity, without disrupting community structure. As a pre-specified exploratory outcome, microbiome and VFA findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating. (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT06012669).</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"415-439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148015595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Dietary Supplementation with Pearl Oyster Shell-Derived Nacre Extract Improves Cognitive Performance and Attenuates Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology in APPNL-G-F/NL-G-F Knock-In Mice.","authors":"Kanae Ohara, Heng Zhang, Hiroto Shibata, Yasushi Hasegawa","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2718077","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2026.2718077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease is characterized by cognitive decline, amyloid-β deposition, tau-related pathology, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Pearl oyster shell-derived nacre extract is used in dietary supplement-related applications, but evidence from animal models should be interpreted cautiously and its effects on Alzheimer's disease-like pathology remain incompletely defined. To evaluate whether long-term oral dietary supplementation with nacre extract is associated with changes in cognitive performance and Alzheimer's disease-like pathological features in APPNL-G-F/NL-G-F knock-in mice. A controlled preclinical animal study was performed using male C57BL/6 wild-type mice and male APP^{NL-G-F/NL-G-F} knock-in mice over a 6-month dietary supplementation period. Six mice were assigned to each group. APP knock-in mice received a standard diet with or without 0.5% (w/w) nacre extract, corresponding to an estimated intake of approximately 20 mg/mouse/day or approximately 600 mg/kg/day. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests. Brain pathology and molecular responses were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, qPCR, Western blotting, and oxidative stress-related assays. Nacre supplementation was associated with improved performance in the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests, reduced amyloid-β deposition and Congo red-positive plaque burden, lower phosphorylated tau immunoreactivity, and fewer histologically degenerated hippocampal neurons. Exploratory RNA sequencing of non-microdissected brain tissue excluding the cerebellum (<i>n</i> = 3/group) identified 53 genes meeting the criteria of an absolute fold change ≥ 1.5 and a valid non-zero FDR-adjusted <i>p</i> value < 0.05. A2M showed a 1.51-fold increase (FDR-adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.00091), and increased A2M abundance was confirmed at the protein level. Iba1 and GFAP immunoreactivity was reduced, and oxidative stress-related parameters were altered in the nacre-supplemented group. Long-term nacre supplementation was associated with improvements in behavioral performance and attenuation of several Alzheimer's disease-like pathological features in male APP knock-in mice. These findings represent an exploratory preclinical signal and do not establish a causal mechanism, dose-response relationship, comprehensive safety profile, or efficacy as a dietary supplement in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"653-672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148829195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Whey and Soy Protein Supplementation on Resistance Training in Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Brandon E Davis, Ian Young, Joseph C Giglotti, Jianbo Yao, Janet C Tou","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2604679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2604679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein supplementation, particularly whey and soy protein, are widely used by individuals engaged in resistance exercise training (RET) to enhance lean body mass (LBM) and muscle strength. However, their effectiveness remain unclear due to conflicting study results. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of whey and soy protein supplementation on amino acid bioavailability, LBM, and strength performance in healthy young adults engaged in RET. Database searches were conducted in Cochrane, EBSCO Host, PubMed, and Scopus from inception to October 19, 2024 using a pre-defined search strategy. Initial screening resulted in a total of 1,813 studies that met the eligibility criteria. The inclusion criteria required participants to be trained or untrained young adults aged 18-30 years engaged in RET and taking either whey or soy protein in the form of concentrate or isolate with the primary outcome of LBM and secondary outcomes of bench press, squat, or plasma essential amino acid (EAA). The studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and a meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. A total of 12 studies with 261 participants were included after full-text screening with the main reason for exclusion being wrong population. The analysis found no significant effect of either whey or soy protein supplementation on LBM. However, protein supplement increased peak plasma total EAA with whey protein significantly improved bench press (mean difference [MD] 8.87; 95% CI: 5.95-11.79) and squat performance (MD 9.60; 95% CI: 5.61-13.60), with low to no heterogeneity. These findings suggest whey protein supplementation can enhance strength without significantly altering LBM in young adults. However, further large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to establish definitive conclusions on the effects of protein supplementation RET. The review was registered August 30, 2024 in PROSPERO (CRD42024598070).</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"150-174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nootropic Supplements and Exercise: Patterns and Perceptions of Cognitive Enhancer Use in Physically Active Individuals.","authors":"Joseph T Pastina, Laura K Stewart","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2589784","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2589784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>'Nootropic' describes compounds that enhance cognition. Dietary supplement companies leverage this concept as a descriptor for product marketing. Given that half of all American adults, as well as many active individuals, use a dietary supplement, the purpose of this study was to explore nootropic use in physically active individuals. Nootropic use was evaluated <i>via</i> an online survey. Preferred nootropics, dose, frequency, reasons for use, and perceived effects were evaluated. In total, 152 individuals (men <i>n</i> = 86, women <i>n</i> = 64, other <i>n</i> = 2; mean ± SD age = 27.42 ± 7.66) were eligible for analysis. Means, standard deviations, and percentages were determined, and chi-square (χ²) tests of independence were used to determine significant associations related to nootropic type, exercise characteristics, use tendencies, and perceived positive or negative effects (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Thirty-six nootropics were reported, with caffeine (21.7%, <i>n</i> = 122), creatine (9.8%, <i>n</i> = 55), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, Omega 3) (7.0%, <i>n</i> = 39), L-theanine and nicotine (both 6.6%, <i>n</i> = 37), and ashwagandha (6.1%, <i>n</i> = 34) the most frequently used. The most common reason for use was to increase energy and motivation (34.8%, <i>n</i> = 81). Those who predominantly engaged in weight training were more likely to use amino acids, peptides, and their derivatives (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Those who use their respective nootropics more frequently perceived the nootropic to be more effective (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This survey suggests that nootropic use is common in active individuals for diverse reasons that go beyond cognition enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"23-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urine Metabolomics Reveal Quercetin May Improve Metabolic Diseases and Alleviate Brain Inflammation Through Modulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway.","authors":"Kai Zheng, Weidi Wang, Jiaohua Dai, Li Jian, Xiujuan Zhao","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2597495","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2597495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a mental disorder, and the complexity of its pathogenesis affects the treatment and prevention of depression. Flavonoids possess a variety of biological effects, including antidepressant properties. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits antioxidant, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory effects. This research investigated the antidepressant properties of quercetin on rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress through untargeted metabolomics. A total of 96 rats were randomly allocated across six groups: control group, quercetin-treated groups receiving distinct dosages (10 and 50 mg/kg bw, respectively), depression model group, and different dosages of quercetin intervention in the depression model. During the 8 wk chronic unpredictable mild stress modeling process, quercetin was administered to the rats via gavage once daily. After 8 wk modeling, rat urine samples and prefrontal cortex were collected for untargeted metabolomics research and related detection, respectively. 19 differential metabolites were identified in the urine of chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats, and pathway analysis indicated metabolic disorders in rats, including arachidonic acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. This study found that the elevation of urinary PGE2 and LTB4 is closely associated with the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in the PFC of chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats. Metabolomics reveals that quercetin can ameliorate metabolic disorders induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress through multiple pathways, and inhibit the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in the PFC by exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study offers novel insights into the role of quercetin for the prevention and management of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"58-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginger (<i>Zingiber Officinale</i>) Supplementation and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Shrin Rjabi, Nasrin Dabirian, Reza Amani-Beni, Masumeh Taghavi, Moein Askarpour","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2583512","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2583512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>) is one of the most widely used plant extracts and has been associated with improvements in biomarkers relevant to cardiovascular disease. Given the global burden of cardiovascular disease, this systematic review of randomized controlled trials aimed to evaluate the effects of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>) supplementation on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar was performed up to January 2025 to identify eligible RCTs evaluating ginger supplementation. Outcomes included lipid profile, glycemic markers, blood pressure, inflammatory indicators, and liver enzymes. Data were pooled using weighted mean differences (WMDs). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted. Forty-one RCTs were included. Ginger supplementation was effective in improving FBS (WMD = -12.79 mg/dL; 95% CI = -18.57), insulin (WMD = -1.33 µIU/ml; 95% CI = -1.94, -0.71), HOMA-IR (WMD = -0.51; 95% CI = -0.68, -0.33), HbA1c (WMD = -0.68%; 95% CI = -1.00, -0.36), TG (WMD = -11.98 mg/dL; 95% CI = -23.27, -0.69), LDL (WMD = -4.55 mg/dL; 95% CI = -8.43, -0.68), HDL (WMD = 0.80 mg/dL; 95% CI = 0.01, 1.59), SBP (WMD = -2.72 mmHg; 95% CI = -5.25, -0.19), and ICAM-1 (WMD = -20.26 ng/ml; 95% CI = -40.49, -0.03). Ginger supplementation was not effective on the remaining outcomes. Ginger supplementation may improve several biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, with stronger effects in unhealthy individuals. Further studies are required to establish a clear cutoff for optimal dosage and intervention duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"118-149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}