Journal of Dairy Research最新文献

{"title":"A novel shiga toxigenic <i>E. coli</i> sequence type harbouring multidrug resistance isolated from raw milk.","authors":"Anjali Karunatt Nampoothiri, Sudha Kalyanikkutty","doi":"10.1017/S0022029924000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029924000268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective was to examine the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactam (ESBL) resistance among Shiga toxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (STEC) isolated from raw milk. The findings from disc diffusion analysis and polymerase chain reaction revealed a high occurrence of ESBL resistance, specifically to penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, in isolated STEC strains. Additionally, a distinct sequence type of STEC was also identified in milk through comparative analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the body weight of crossbred Holstein × Zebu dairy cows using multivariate adaptive regression splines algorithm.","authors":"Ignacio Vázquez-Martínez, Cem Tirink, Fernando Casanova-Lugo, Dixan Pozo-Leyva, Daniel Mota-Rojas, Murat Baitugelovich Kalmagambetov, Rashit Uskenov, Ömer Gülboy, Ricardo A Garcia-Herrera, Alfonso J Chay-Canul","doi":"10.1017/S0022029924000578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029924000578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to estimate live body weight from body measurements for Holstein × Zebu dairy cows (<i>n</i> = 156) reared under conditions of humid tropics in Mexico using multivariate adaptive regression splines algorithm (MARS) with several train-test proportions. The body measurements included withers height, rump height, hip width, heart girth, body length and diagonal body length. The data were divided into 65:35, 70:30 and 80:20 split data for training and testing sets, respectively. The MARS algorithm was used to construct a prediction model, which predicted the body weight from the body measurements of the test dataset. The results emphasized that the MARS algorithm had an explanation rate for 80:20 train and test set of 0.836 and 0.711, respectively, with minimum Akaike information criterion values. This indicates that it is a reliable way of predicting body weight from body measurements. The results suggest that body weight prediction can be performed with the MARS algorithm in a reliable way, therefore, this algorithm may be a useful tool for animal breeders and researchers in the development of feeding and selection-aimed approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel sequence types and low levels of antimicrobial resistance associated with clinical mastitis in sheep flocks across Scotland.","authors":"Keith T Ballingall, Riccardo Tassi, Jane Gordon, Carol Currie, Kath Dun, Nigel Miller, Nuno Silva","doi":"10.1017/S0022029924000517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029924000517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research paper aimed to demonstrate that mammary secretions provided by sheep farmers across Scotland from cases of clinical mastitis are free from environmental contamination, as well as to provide information on the major bacterial causes of disease and levels of antimicrobial resistance. Mastitis represents one of most significant diseases of small ruminant production worldwide. <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Mannheimia haemolytica, Streptococcus uberis</i> and coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species are common pathogens isolated from cases of sheep mastitis. Sampling kits supplied to 23 farms provided 33 samples for bacteriology, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and genetic analysis. Of the bacterial isolates identified, 60% were <i>S. aureus</i>, 23% <i>M. haemolytica</i> and 7% coagulase-negative staphylococci. Low levels of antimicrobial resistance were identified in the <i>S. aureus</i> isolates which provided novel multi-locus sequence types. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept survey demonstrated that mammary secretions free from environmental contamination may be provided by sheep farmers. It also provided data on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance associated with clinical mastitis in sheep and will inform on the scale required for larger surveys aiming to improve current strategies for mastitis control in sheep flocks across the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals that prolactin modulates the β-casein synthesis mechanism in bovine mammary epithelial cells.","authors":"Yanying Zhang, Ziru Xu, Xiaoxue Wang, Xiaoming Hou, Yang Yang, Ying Liu, Ye Lin","doi":"10.1017/S0022029924000554","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029924000554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research communication screened and identified differentiated expressed genes in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) upon prolactin (PRL) stimulation. PRL of 5 μg/ml increased β-casein synthesis in BMECs with milk protein synthesis capacity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of 375 DEGs (165 up-regulated and 210 down-regulated) were identified between PRL-stimulated group and the control group. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes were primarily associated with cell functions, metabolic processes, and biological regulatory processes. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes were mainly enriched in JAK-STAT, Rap1, Ras and Notch signaling pathways, which are widely involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and milk component synthesis. This study provides an initial understanding of the changes in gene expression in BMECs with PRL-stimulation, as determined by RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis, thereby enhancing our knowledge of the molecular regulation of lactation metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of supplementing different feed additives to high-concentrate diets containing potassium carbonate on dairy cow performance.","authors":"Sayyed Mahmoud Nasrollahi, Ali Piadeh, Hamed Kahyani, Ali Rahmati Andani, Behnaz Eyni","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925000111","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029925000111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meeting the buffer requirements of concentrate-fed dairy cows is a challenging task. We evaluated the effect of supplementing different feed additives to diets containing K₂CO₃ on feed intake, nutrient digestion and milk production of dairy cows. Eight peak lactation high yielding Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 periods of 21 d (14 d for diet adaptation and 7 d for sampling and data collection). Treatments comprised control (a diet containing a rumen buffer with the active component of K₂CO₃ at 6% of dietary dry matter (DDM) and containing 10% K); yeast, the control diet supplemented with live <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> yeast (0.06% of DDM); essential oils (EO), the control diet supplemented with essential oils (0.02% of DDM) and; peptides, the control diet supplemented with biogenic peptides (0.16% of DDM). Feed intake was greater (<i>P</i> < 0.001) in the yeast treatment (33.2 kg/d) compared to the others (30.9 to 32.1 kg/d). Dry matter and starch digestibilities were similar across the treatments. Cows that were supplemented with EO had a greater energy-corrected milk yield than control, and those supplemented with yeast and peptides were intermediate. Milk protein production was greater (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in EO and peptide treatments than in the control, with yeast treatment intermediate. In high-concentrate diets containing K₂CO_3, supplementing with yeast increased feed intake while supplementing wth essential oils increased energy-corrected milk yield, with small effects on milk protein yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"386-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heifers introduced a new subtype into a herd with persistent <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> intramammary infections.","authors":"Joaquin Cicotello, Nasrin Ramezanigardaloud, Camila Miotti, Ana Inés Molineri, Tom Grunert, Guillermo Suarez Archilla, Luis Fernando Calvinho, Cecilia M Camussone","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029925000202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study describes the spread of intramammary infections (IMI) during the first lactation of heifers that were naturally infected with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> before parturition and introduced into a herd with a high prevalence of this organism. The heifers were monitored during their first lactation to determine potential spread and persistence of IMI and to characterize the isolates that caused IMI. Milk samples were obtained from all the cows in the lactating herd at the beginning of the study and one year later. <i>S. aureus</i> isolated at both these sampling times were compared with those obtained from the heifers to analyse their clonal and phylogenetic relationships, employing pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multi-locus sequence typing and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Most <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from mammary secretions of heifers before parturition established chronic IMI during the first lactation. PFGE typing discriminated 3 clusters that were associated with origin of isolates, number of lactations and clonal complex. Differences both in the presence and expression of genes associated with virulence determinants among the major pulsotypes infecting lactating cows and those from heifers that developed persistent IMI were detected, which are indicative of distinct adaptive capacities to generate IMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"91 4","pages":"420-426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk functional characteristics of cows at extended lactation and effects on bulk tank milk traits.","authors":"Bruna Schmitz, Vivian Fischer","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029925000196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the effect of including 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 100% of individual milk from cows at extended lactation (more than 315 d in milk) on milk ethanol stability (MES), pH, acidity and ionic calcium (iCa) of the bulk tank milk. The study was carried out on commercial dairy farms in Brazil using milk samples of individual cows, bulk tank and their mixtures. Samples of individual cows were classified as low (≤74%), intermediate (76-78%) and high (≥80%) stability classes based on MES. Data were submitted to Anova, multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression. Low, intermediate and high stability milk had values of 108, 89 and 79 mg/dl for iCa, and 21, 23 and 20 for acidity, respectively, but similar values for pH and DIM. MES increased linearly with pH, while it decreased linearly with iCa. When individual milks presented higher MES than bulk tank milk, MES and pH increased linearly with individual milk inclusion and DIM, while iCa decreased with individual milk inclusion. When individual milks presented lower MES than bulk tank milk, MES decreased, while iCa increased linearly with individual milk inclusion. Inclusion of milk with higher MES than the bulk tank decreased the odds of low stability, while inclusion of individual milk with lower MES than bulk tank increased it. At extended lactation, 73% of cows produced milk with acceptable (intermediate or better) MES, and iCa was the only functional variable related to MES. Effects of the mixture of individual milks into bulk tank milk functional traits depend on whether individual cows present values higher or lower than bulk tank.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"91 4","pages":"460-464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of fertility traits, health traits and health-related management routines of Swiss dairy farms with long <i>vs.</i> short productive lifespan profiles.","authors":"Anna Bieber, María Lozano-Jaramillo, Michael Walkenhorst, Rennie C Eppenstein","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925000032","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029925000032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research paper compares fertility traits, health indicators and health management routines of Swiss dairy farms characterized by short <i>vs.</i> long productive lifespans (SPL <i>vs.</i> LPL). We evaluated whether a longer productive lifespan will result in poorer cow health based on herdbook data from breeders associations (n = 142), farm questionnaire data (n = 67), veterinary treatment data (n = 64) and data obtained during farm visits (n = 30). Dairy farms were selected in such a way that they contrasted in terms of length of productive lifespan, but were representative of the Swiss dairy sector. Fertility performance was better on farms with LPL indicated by a lower number of inseminations per heifer, shorter average number of days open and shorter calving intervals. Consistently, the proportion of antibiotic veterinary treatments due to fertility problems was by tendency higher on SPL farms, as was the number of antibiotic treatments due to other problems (i.e. other than fertility, udder or locomotion problems). Other types of veterinary medical treatments did not differ by productive lifespan profiles. Average somatic cell score and proportions of test day records with elevated somatic cell count (SCC) were significantly higher on farms with LPL. However, this increase was smaller than what could be expected due to the age difference between contrasting productive lifespan profiles and was not associated with higher treatment incidences for clinical mastitis. Locomotion scores and lameness incidence did not differ by productive lifespan profile. Apart from a slightly higher proportion of farms with LPL practicing abrupt drying off, cow health management routines did not differ significantly between farms of contrasting productive lifespans. We conclude that a longer productive lifespan is not at the expense of health, even if the SCC level increased with age. Fertility, limb and udder health should be the main focus when aiming for a long productive lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"403-409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a novel HPLC-PDA method for the detection of preservatives in milk.","authors":"Natalia Gonzaga, Lycio Shinji Watanabe, Samanta Stinghen de Abreu, Stael Málaga Carrilho, Fernanda Montanholi de Lira, Ronaldo Tamanini, Suzana Lucy Nixdorf, Vanerli Beloti","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925000044","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029925000044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this research paper we introduce and validate an enhanced method for the detection of sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate in milk. Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are widely employed as preservatives in the food industry; however, their use to restrict microbial growth in milk is prohibited. Our novel method achieved performance indicators in accordance with the criteria outlined by the International Conference on Harmonization. The extraction process involved sample dilution in acetonitrile (1:1 v/v), followed by subsequent centrifugation, filtration and injection into a high-performance liquid chromatography system with a photodiode array detector. The detection and quantification limits for sodium benzoate were determined to be 0.204 and 0.618 mg/l, respectively, while for potassium sorbate, these values were 0.108 and 0.328 mg/l, respectively. The accuracy ranged from 92.67 to 99.53%, with pH 4.0 selected as the optimal condition to ensure adequate resolution of the preservatives. The proposed method stands out due to its simplicity and speed, using a single reagent in modest quantities during sample preparation. This approach reduces toxicity and minimizes the production of pollutants during disposal. Furthermore, the novel method requires less raw material and energy consumption, aligning with the principles of green chemistry. Its lower quantitation limits render it more sensitive when compared to the official analysis. The preparation, separation, and simultaneous detection of these preservatives in a short period of time make this method suitable for integration into industrial workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"465-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-continental animal science perspective on milk fat research: what has happened and where are we heading?","authors":"Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Manuel Gonzalez-Ronquillo, Navid Ghavipanje, Naifeng Zhang, Pilar Gómez-Cortés, Heidi Leskinen, David Pacheco, Mohammad Ashiqul Islam, Ahmed E Kholif, Marcello Mele, Juan J Loor, Kirsty E Kliem","doi":"10.1017/S002202992500007X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S002202992500007X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Milk is a fundamental food matrix that is widely consumed. Milk fat is important for producing dairy products such as butter, cream, cheese and whole milk powder. Aside from flavour, it has been linked to human health and its chemistry can be modulated by various means towards a more healthy fatty acid profile. Industry and stakeholders have different interests in milk fat, based on specific policies which reflect the type of research and funding initiatives currently performed in different countries. This position paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art with regards to milk fat research and industry as well as stakeholder initiatives, and then highlights new developments based on information gathered from North America (United States and Mexico), Europe (United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, and Finland), Africa (Egypt), Asia (China and Bangladesh) and Oceania (New Zealand). South America is an important contributor to the dairy industry but will not be considered here and thus this paper must be considered cross-continental rather than global. This manuscript intends to show a wide 'picture' of milk fat from different angles in different parts of the globe.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"91 4","pages":"445-453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}