Journal of Dairy Research最新文献_第10页

Do you see the pattern? Make the most of sensor data in dairy cows. 你看到图案了吗？充分利用奶牛的传感器数据。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000559

Akke Kok, Emma Ternman, Vivi M Thorup

{"title":"Do you see the pattern? Make the most of sensor data in dairy cows.","authors":"Akke Kok, Emma Ternman, Vivi M Thorup","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000559","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029923000559","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors are increasingly being used to monitor animal behaviour. Data handling methods have, however, lagged behind the continuous data stream to some extent, often being limited to summarizing data into daily averages at group level. This research reflection presents our opinion of the neglected application of 24-h pattern analysis. Recent studies of dairy cow behaviour have demonstrated that additional ways of analysing data improve our understanding of animal behaviour and add value to data that were already retrieved. The terminology for the described 24-h patterns differs between these studies, making them difficult to compare. Thus, diurnal, circadian, daily, periodicity and 24-h pattern are all terms used to describe dairy cow activities over a 24-h period. Several studies have shown that the 24-h behavioural pattern at herd level is relatively consistent over time, and that with well-established management routines, a specific herd signature will be evident. However, within a herd, individual cows may have individual 24-h patterns with more or less variability. Recent studies suggest that deviations from herd and/or individual 24-h patterns can be used to describe cow robustness, as well as to predict disease. We strongly believe that individual and herd 24-h patterns provide a great deal of information about behaviour and that these patterns offer opportunity for more precise and timely health management and welfare monitoring.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"252-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41127697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of two SNPs of the LIPE gene in Holstein-Friesian cows with divergent milk production. 产奶量不同的荷斯坦-弗里斯奶牛LIPE基因两个SNPs的检测。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1017/S002202992300050X

Seham El-Kassas, Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela, Esraa Abdulraouf, Mohamed Atef Helal, A M Sakr, Safaa E Abdo

{"title":"Detection of two SNPs of the LIPE gene in Holstein-Friesian cows with divergent milk production.","authors":"Seham El-Kassas, Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela, Esraa Abdulraouf, Mohamed Atef Helal, A M Sakr, Safaa E Abdo","doi":"10.1017/S002202992300050X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S002202992300050X","url":null,"abstract":"The LIPE gene (lipase E, hormone-sensitive type), also known as hormone-sensitive lipase, acts as a primary regulator of lipid metabolism during lactation in cows. We studied a total of two hundred Holstein-Friesian cows and performed sequencing analysis that revealed two synonymous nucleotide changes within the LIPE gene: a transition change, c.276 T > C in exon 2 (g.50631651 T > C; position 351 of GenBank: ON638900) and a transversion change, c.219C > A in exon 6 (g.50635369C > A; position 1070 of GenBank: ON638901). The observed genotypes were TC and CC for the c.276 T > C SNP and CC and CA for the c.219C > A SNP. Notably, the heterozygous TC genotype of the T351C SNP exhibited a significant association with high milk yield. Furthermore, the T351C SNP displayed significant associations with various milk parameters, including temperature, freezing point, density and the percentages of fat, protein, lactose, solids and solids-not-fat, with the homozygous CC genotype showing higher values. The c.219C > A SNP also demonstrated a significant association with milk composition, with heterozygous genotypes (CA) exhibiting higher percentages of fat, protein, and lactose compared to homozygous genotypes (CC). This effect was consistent among both high and low milk producers for fat and lactose percentages, while high milk producers exhibited a higher protein percentage than low milk producers. These findings highlight the importance of considering the detected SNPs in marker-assisted selection and breeding programs for the identification of high milk-producing Holstein-Friesian cows and potentially other breeds. Moreover, this study strongly supports the fundamental role of the LIPE gene in milk production and composition in lactating animals.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10056895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Farm management and economic factors associated with bulk tank total bacterial count in Holstein dairy herds in Iran. 伊朗荷斯坦奶牛群中与散装罐总细菌计数相关的农场管理和经济因素。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000547

Fatemeh Soleimani-Rahimabad, Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, Abbas Pakdel, Rabie Rahbar, Jeffrey M Bewley

{"title":"Farm management and economic factors associated with bulk tank total bacterial count in Holstein dairy herds in Iran.","authors":"Fatemeh Soleimani-Rahimabad, Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, Abbas Pakdel, Rabie Rahbar, Jeffrey M Bewley","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000547","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029923000547","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this research were (1) to study different factors affecting milk total bacterial count (TBC) and (2) to estimate the economic value associated with TBC in Holstein dairy herds in Iran. The relationships between bulk tank TBC and farm management and economic factors were examined on 56 randomly selected intensive dairy farms. Herd management factors associated with bulk tank TBC were determined using mixed linear models. The median bulk tank TBC for the sample herds was 299 (range 81-1185) × 103 cfu/ml. The average economic premium opportunity from bulk tank TBC was US$ 1.32 per ton of milk ranging from US$ 0.02 per ton of milk for herds applying wet tissue procedures as teat cleaning material and washing the water troughs three times per day to US$ 5.20 per ton of milk for herds with dirty barns. Results showed that the following management factors were associated with low TBC and high economic value: frequency of cleaning water troughs, teat cleaning material, the frequency of milk delivery to the processor, bedding material, herd size, education level of workers, udder washing material, material of milking parlor wall, frequency of disinfection of the calving area, presence of veterinarian, water quality control, having a hospital pen and barn hygiene. In conclusion, our findings highlight the need to pay more attention to farm management issues, particularly farm hygiene practices to reduce milk TBC and so reduce the economic burden of TBC in dairy herds in Iran.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"280-286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41128550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The effect of high-temperature heat treatment and homogenization on the microstructure of set yogurt curd networks. 高温热处理和均匀化对凝固酸奶凝乳网络微观结构的影响。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000523

Takefumi Ichimura, Mai Kusaka, Taku Nakamura

{"title":"The effect of high-temperature heat treatment and homogenization on the microstructure of set yogurt curd networks.","authors":"Takefumi Ichimura, Mai Kusaka, Taku Nakamura","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000523","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029923000523","url":null,"abstract":"Set yogurt's physical characteristics are greatly affected by the homogenization and heat treatment processes. In our previous study, set yogurt treated at 130°C and with the fat particle size reduced to ≤0.6 μm had equivalent curd strength, less syneresis and smoother texture than yogurt treated at 95°C. When investigating the mechanisms underlying yogurt's physical properties, it is important to evaluate the yogurt's microstructure. We conducted electron microscopy evaluations to investigate the mechanisms of changes in yogurt's physical properties caused by 130°C heat treatment and by a reduction in the fat globule size. We prepared yogurt mixtures by combining heat treatment at 95 and 130°C and homogenization pressure at 10 + 5 and 35 + 5 MPa and then fermented the mixtures in a common yogurt starter. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the structural observations. Fine particles were observed on the surface of the casein micelles of the yogurt treated at 95°C, and the coalescence density between micelles was high. The surface of the yogurt treated at 130°C had few fine particles, and the coalescence density between micelles was low. The yogurt treated at 130°C with 35 + 5 MPa homogenization had low coalescence density between casein micelles, but smaller-particle-size fat globules increased the network density. Approximately 30% of the fat globules were estimated to be incorporated into the yogurt networks compared to the volume of casein micelles. We speculate that 130°C heat treatment alters the structure of whey protein on the surface of casein micelles and interferes with network formation, but reducing the size of fat globules reinforces the network as a pseudoprotein.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"306-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10177477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skin carotenoid levels in lactating dairy cows as measured using multiple spatially resolved reflection spectroscopy. 使用多重空间分辨反射光谱法测量泌乳奶牛的皮肤类胡萝卜素水平。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000493

Martina Jakob, Joana Lima, Frederic Launay, Holly J Ferguson

{"title":"Skin carotenoid levels in lactating dairy cows as measured using multiple spatially resolved reflection spectroscopy.","authors":"Martina Jakob, Joana Lima, Frederic Launay, Holly J Ferguson","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000493","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029923000493","url":null,"abstract":"This research communication describes a pilot study measuring skin carotenoid levels of lactating dairy cows. Carotenoids are natural antioxidants, involved in cell communication and immune function, protecting against oxidative stress. They are precursors of vitamin A, important for reproduction efficiency, growth and male fertility. Therefore, easy-to-use, inexpensive methods to measure carotenoids in cattle would provide interesting data for farmers to monitor the health and nutritional status of their herds. In this study, we used a commercially available sensor based on multiple spatially resolved reflection spectroscopy (MSRRS), intended for human use, to measure the carotenoid content in bovine skin in three research herds in France, Ireland and Scotland. Carotenoid levels were measured by applying the sensor to the teat barrel, avoiding pigmented areas of skin. Mean sensor values differed significantly between herds and between diets, with pasture-based animals showing significantly higher carotenoid levels. Our results suggest that MSRRS can be used to accurately to measure skin carotenoids in cows. However, further calibration in bovines is needed to improve of the accuracy of the MSRRS sensor in cattle.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"269-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10203158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between feed efficiency and behaviour differs between lactating Holstein and Jersey cows. 泌乳荷斯坦奶牛和泽西奶牛的饲料效率和行为之间的关系不同。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000420

Vivi M Thorup, Lene Munksgaard, Marta Terré, Julie C S Henriksen, Martin R Weisbjerg, Peter Løvendahl

{"title":"The relationship between feed efficiency and behaviour differs between lactating Holstein and Jersey cows.","authors":"Vivi M Thorup, Lene Munksgaard, Marta Terré, Julie C S Henriksen, Martin R Weisbjerg, Peter Løvendahl","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000420","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029923000420","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In dairy production, high feed efficiency (FE) is important to reduce feed costs and negative impacts of milk production on the climate and environment, yet little is known about the relationship between FE, eating behaviour and activity. This research communication describes how cows differing in FE, expressed as daily energy corrected milk production per unit of feed intake, differed in eating behaviour and activity. We used data from a study of 253 lactations obtained from 97 Holstein and 91 Jersey cows milked in an automatic milking system. Automated feed troughs recorded feed intake behaviour and cows wore a sensor that recorded activity from 5 to 200 d in milk (DIM). We used a mixed linear model to estimate random solutions for individual cows for traits of steps, lying and eating behaviour and calculated their correlation with FE during four periods (5–35, 36–75, 76–120 and 121–200 DIM). Separate analyses were performed for each breed and period. We found that individual level correlations between FE and behaviour traits were stronger in Jersey than in Holstein cows. Eating rate correlated weakly negatively to FE in Holstein cows and more strongly so in Jersey cows, such that efficient Jerseys were slower eaters. The physical activity of Jersey cows was weakly and negatively correlated to FE, but this was not the case in Holstein cows. We conclude that eating rate was consistently negatively associated with FE throughout lactation for Jersey cows, but not for Holstein cows.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"257-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococcus associated with bovine mastitis in China and its antimicrobial resistance rate: a meta-analysis. 中国与牛乳腺炎相关的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌患病率及其抗菌素耐药率:一项荟萃分析。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000365

Jianming Deng, Kai Liu, Kuan Wang, Bowen Yang, Hui Xu, Juyu Wang, Feiyan Dai, Xiao Xiao, Xiaolong Gu, Limei Zhang, Weijie Qu

{"title":"The prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococcus associated with bovine mastitis in China and its antimicrobial resistance rate: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Jianming Deng, Kai Liu, Kuan Wang, Bowen Yang, Hui Xu, Juyu Wang, Feiyan Dai, Xiao Xiao, Xiaolong Gu, Limei Zhang, Weijie Qu","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029923000365","url":null,"abstract":"To contribute to the treatment decision and optimize coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS) control programs, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance rates of coagulase-negative staphylococcus associated with bovine mastitis in China. Three databases (PubMed, Google scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database) were utilized to obtain relevant publications. A total of 18 publications were included in our research, and 3 of them included antimicrobial resistant (AMR) test. The pooled prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococcus was 17.28%. Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence was higher in South China than in North China, was higher in 2011-2020 than in 2000-2010 and was higher in clinical bovine mastitis cases than in subclinical cases. The pooled AMR were most resistant to β-lactams, followed by tetracyclines, quinolones, nitrofurans, lincosamides, sulfonamides, amphenicol and aminoglycosides. The pooled AMR rate of coagulase-negative staphylococcus was lower in 2011-2020 than in 2000-2010. Although the prevalence of CNS showed an increasing trend over 20 years, the AMR rate showed a decreasing trend, and the clinical type of mastitis was the most frequent and the prevalence was highest in South China. Finally, CNS was most resistant to β-lactams amongst the eight groups of antimicrobial agents.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"90 2","pages":"158-163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9978450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sonication as a pre-processing step to alter acid whey generation during Greek yoghurt manufacture. 在希腊酸奶生产过程中，超声处理作为改变酸性乳清生成的预处理步骤。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000328

Kai Xu, Mayumi Silva, Jayani Chandrapala

引用次数: 0

Effect of postruminal supply of linseed oil in dairy cows: 1. Production performance and fate of postruminally available α-linolenic acid. 亚麻籽油对奶牛胃后供给的影响:尿后有效α-亚麻酸的生产性能及命运。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000250

Rachel Gervais, Daniel E Rico, Sara M Peňa-Cotrino, Yolaine Lebeuf, P Yvan Chouinard

{"title":"Effect of postruminal supply of linseed oil in dairy cows: 1. Production performance and fate of postruminally available α-linolenic acid.","authors":"Rachel Gervais, Daniel E Rico, Sara M Peňa-Cotrino, Yolaine Lebeuf, P Yvan Chouinard","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029923000250","url":null,"abstract":"Triacylglycerols (TAG) are the primary sources of preformed fatty acids (FA) for lipid synthesis in the mammary gland. However, polyunsaturated FA escaping ruminal biohydrogenation are selectively incorporated into cholesterol esters (CE) and phospholipids (PL). The aim of the current experiment was to study the effects of abomasal infusion of increasing amount of linseed oil (L-oil) on plasma distribution of α-linolenic acid (α-LA) and its transfer efficiency into milk fat. Five rumen-fistulated Holstein cows were randomly distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Abomasal infusion of L-oil (55.9% α-LA) was performed at the rate of 0, 75, 150, 300, and 600 ml/d. Concentrations of α-LA increased quadratically in TAG, PL, and CE; a less steep slope was observed with an inflexion at an infusion rate of 300 ml L-oil per day. The increase in plasma concentration of α-LA was of a lower magnitude in CE as compared with the other two fractions, resulting in a quadratic decrease in relative proportion of this FA circulating as CE. The transfer efficiency into milk fat increased from 0 to 150 ml L-oil infused, and a plateau was maintained thereafter with greater levels of infusion (quadratic response). This pattern resembles the quadratic response of the relative proportion of α-LA circulating as TAG, and the relative concentration of this FA in TAG. Increasing the postruminal supply of α-LA partly overcame the segregation mechanism of absorbed polyunsaturated FA in different plasma lipid classes. Proportionately more α-LA was then esterified as TAG, at the expense of CE, increasing its efficiency of transfer into milk fat. This mechanism appears to be surpassed in its turn when L-oil infusion was increased over 150 ml/d. Nevertheless, the yield of α-LA in milk fat continued to increase, but at a slower rate at the highest levels of infusion.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"90 2","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Eggnog: process optimization and characterization of a dairy-based beverage. 蛋奶酒:一种乳基饮料的工艺优化与表征。

IF 2.1 3区农林科学

Journal of Dairy Research Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0022029923000286

Kamini Sharma, Ashish Kumar Singh, Dharani Kumar Maddipatla, Gaurav Kr Deshwal, Priyanka Singh Rao, Heena Sharma

{"title":"Eggnog: process optimization and characterization of a dairy-based beverage.","authors":"Kamini Sharma, Ashish Kumar Singh, Dharani Kumar Maddipatla, Gaurav Kr Deshwal, Priyanka Singh Rao, Heena Sharma","doi":"10.1017/S0022029923000286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029923000286","url":null,"abstract":"Eggnog, a dairy-based beverage, comprises both milk and egg proteins. We aimed at optimizing the eggnog formulation using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology. The combined effects of milk (60-75), cream (25-35) and eggnog base (6-8, all three as g 100/ml) were investigated on heat coagulation time, viscosity and thermal gelation temperature. ANOVA indicated that experimental data were well explained by a quadratic model with high check values (R2 > 0.94) and non-significant lack of fit tests. Based on the responses, an optimized formulation of eggnog with 60.0 milk, 25.0 cream and 6.50 eggnog base (as g 100/ml), could be considered best for manufacturing eggnog with desired attributes. This optimized formulation was characterized for physico-chemical, microbial and sensory attributes and the results indicated significantly higher fat and protein content than control formulation, but lesser lactose and total sugar content. Significantly higher viscosity, heat stability and lower thermal gelation temperature were also observed for the optimized formulation. Coliform, yeast and mold, E. coli and Salmonella counts were not detected in any sample but a significantly lower total plate count was observed for the optimized formulation.","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":"90 2","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1