Journal of Developmental Biology最新文献_第4页

Genomic Impacts of Biological Exposures. 生物暴露对基因组的影响。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010012

Amalia S Parra, Christopher A Johnston

{"title":"Genomic Impacts of Biological Exposures.","authors":"Amalia S Parra, Christopher A Johnston","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010012","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010012","url":null,"abstract":"Development and maintenance of complex tissues depends on a number of coordinated steps from early development through adulthood. These processes are fundamentally controlled by highly regulated gene expression patterns. Although critical contributors during development, intrinsic changes in gene expression alone cannot fully explain the complicated pathways that control tissue homeostasis. Rather, tissues are continuously exposed to extrinsic factors that also influence essential cellular processes. These external environmental factors are collectively known as the exposome. Notably, how different exposures impact gene expression and protein function, as well as how certain exposures lead to disease states, is not well understood. To understand how internal and external factors influence organismal development and homeostasis, it is necessary to consider how genetic and nongenetic components interact to direct critical biochemical pathways. Doing so presents new avenues for precision medicine, understanding disease progression, identifying biological threats, and improving biological security concerns. In this review, we present recent advances in exposure biology, focusing on how these innovations can help identify novel biomarkers to better understand changing exposome components. We also discuss the need to integrate technologies and exposure research to better identify and predict threats.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13028019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147529813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Origins of Avian Hyperactive Mitochondria, Genome Compaction, and Air-Sac Physiology in Early Theropods During the Carnian Pluvial Episode. 卡尼洪积期早期兽脚亚目鸟类线粒体过度活跃的起源、基因组压实和气囊生理学。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010011

Takumi Satoh

{"title":"Origins of Avian Hyperactive Mitochondria, Genome Compaction, and Air-Sac Physiology in Early Theropods During the Carnian Pluvial Episode.","authors":"Takumi Satoh","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010011","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010011","url":null,"abstract":"Extant birds and the earliest dinosaurs may share fundamental metabolic features essential for aerobic exercise, suggesting that the extraordinary physical performance typical of avian species originated when dinosaurs first appeared during the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE). This physiological adaptation is complemented by hyperactive mitochondria that exhibit high oxygen consumption and low reactive oxygen species production. Molecular genomics of fossils, the so-called \"Jurassic Genome,\" indicates that these early dinosaurs possessed compact genomes, 50-60% the size of the human genome, and small cells, implying a highly stringent metabolic regime. We suggest that hyperactive mitochondria, closely associated with compact genomes and small cells, drive theropod adaptation to the hot, dry, and hypoxic environments of the Late Triassic period, ultimately enabling their ecological dominance. Early dinosaurs such as Herrerasaurus are hypothesized to have possessed advanced physiological traits shared with modern birds, including hyperactive mitochondria, compact genomes, small cells, and a developing air-sac system. Collectively, these features most likely may have contributed to exceptional metabolic capacity, locomotor performance, and adaptation to the harsh environment of the CPE.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13026812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147529811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolutionary Restructuring and Systematic Review of the NBPF Gene Family: Comparative Genomics, Functional Divergence, and Disease-Linked Pathways. NBPF基因家族的进化重组和系统综述：比较基因组学、功能分化和疾病相关途径。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010010

Manuel Escalona, Rosa Roy

{"title":"Evolutionary Restructuring and Systematic Review of the NBPF Gene Family: Comparative Genomics, Functional Divergence, and Disease-Linked Pathways.","authors":"Manuel Escalona, Rosa Roy","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010010","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010010","url":null,"abstract":"The Neuroblastoma Breakpoint Family (NBPF) consists of 23 genes, 9 of which are pseudogenes, and is characterized by extensive duplication events and species-specific diversification in Homo sapiens, as well as by the presence of a unique protein domain known as Olduvai (also referred to as DUF1220 or the NBPF domain). Previous studies have attempted to define subfamilies based on the presence of HLS triplet domains; however, this classification has become increasingly unclear with the identification of additional NBPF members. The family remains poorly understood, and the functions of many genes are still unknown, although several have been hypothesized to play key roles in cell proliferation and developmental processes, particularly in neural and skeletal tissues. In this study, we systematically analyzed all available data on the NBPF gene family using the PRISMA-S methodology to infer the biological functions in which these genes may be involved. We also generated multiple phylogenetic trees to support the creation of coherent subfamilies and to correlate the origin of each subfamily with homologous genes in our last common ancestor with the Pan genus, providing what we believe to be one of the most comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions including all currently annotated NBPF members. Through comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses, we propose that the NBPF may have originated from a duplication of the PDE4DIP gene, with NBPF26 representing the ancestral member from which the remaining NBPF genes diverged via lineage-specific segmental duplications. In this systematic review and comparative genomic study, we present the first integrative synthesis of our knowledge of the NBPF, encompassing its evolutionary origins, structural dynamics, expression across tissues, and clinical associations.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13028154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147529863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Fluidic Flow Stress on the Development of the Secondary Palate. 流体流动应力对次上颚发育的影响。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010009

Masayo Nagata, Satoru Hayano, Ziyi Wang, Takahiro Kosami, Hiroshi Kamioka

{"title":"The Influence of Fluidic Flow Stress on the Development of the Secondary Palate.","authors":"Masayo Nagata, Satoru Hayano, Ziyi Wang, Takahiro Kosami, Hiroshi Kamioka","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010009","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010009","url":null,"abstract":"Craniofacial development is orchestrated by a finely regulated interplay of numerous genes and signaling pathways. Palatogenesis proceeds through a complex, stepwise process, in which endogenous mechanical stresses within tissues have been implicated. However, the impact of exogenous fluidic flow mechanical stress derived from maternal movement on palatal development remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous fluidic flow mechanical stress on palatal morphogenesis, focusing on the horizontal outgrowth of palatal shelves after elevation. Palatal tissues dissected from mouse embryos were subjected to organ culture with or without mechanical loading (loaded and unloaded groups, respectively). Stress magnitude was quantified by calculating wave energy, and morphometric and molecular analyses were performed. Compared with the unloaded group, palatal shelves in the loaded group showed significant increases in thickness and volume, accompanied by enhanced cell proliferation, nuclear translocation of YAP and β-catenin, and upregulation of the osteogenic markers Osterix and Osteocalcin. No significant difference in apoptosis was observed. These findings indicate that exogenous mechanical stress promotes cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation through the Hippo and WNT/β-catenin pathways in palate explants. Our results suggest that moderate maternal movement-induced mechanical stress contributes to normal palatogenesis, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying cleft palate.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12921741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vestigial-like 4 Regulates Neurogenesis and Neural Crest Formation During Xenopus Development. 退化样4在爪蟾发育过程中调控神经发生和神经嵴形成。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010008

Pierre Thiébaud, Emilie Simon, François Moisan, Sandrine Fedou, Hamid-Reza Rezvani, Nadine Thézé

{"title":"Vestigial-like 4 Regulates Neurogenesis and Neural Crest Formation During Xenopus Development.","authors":"Pierre Thiébaud, Emilie Simon, François Moisan, Sandrine Fedou, Hamid-Reza Rezvani, Nadine Thézé","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010008","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010008","url":null,"abstract":"VESTIGIAL-LIKE proteins constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that act as cofactors in regulating gene expression through their binding to TEAD transcription factors. Among the four members of this family in vertebrates, VESTIGIAL-LIKE 4 has emerged as a tumor suppressor that competes with YAP in binding TEADs, thus inhibiting the HIPPO pathway downstream of YAP. Nevertheless, very few studies have addressed its function during early vertebrate development. Here, we used gain- and loss-of-function strategies to investigate the role of vestigial-like 4 during Xenopus laevis development. Our data show that vestigial-like 4 is a key regulator of neurogenesis and neural crest formation. In embryos depleted of vestigial-like 4, neurogenesis is severely impaired, and neither neurog1 nor neurod1 is able to stimulate neurogenesis. Vestigial-like 4 is also required for neural crest formation through pax3 and sox9 regulation, and this property does not necessarily require its interaction with tead. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that vestigial-like 4 is an important regulator of neurogenesis and neural crest formation. Although vestigial-like 4 can bind to tead proteins in the embryo, its function does not depend solely on this interaction, suggesting a complex level of regulation with which vestigial-like 4 regulates early steps in development and differentiation.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12922143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional State of Lampbrush Chromosomes in Early Vitellogenic Oocytes of Hibernating Frogs Rana temporaria. 越冬蛙早期卵黄细胞灯刷染色体功能状态的研究。

IF 2.4

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010007

Nadya V Ilicheva, Olga I Podgornaya

引用次数: 0

Female Aging Affects Coilin Pattern in Mouse Cumulus Cells. 女性衰老影响小鼠积云细胞卷曲蛋白模式。

IF 2.5

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010006

Alexey S Anisimov, Dmitry S Bogolyubov, Irina O Bogolyubova

{"title":"Female Aging Affects Coilin Pattern in Mouse Cumulus Cells.","authors":"Alexey S Anisimov, Dmitry S Bogolyubov, Irina O Bogolyubova","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010006","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010006","url":null,"abstract":"Cumulus cells (CCs) are a distinct population of granulosa cells (GCs) that surround the developing and ovulated mammalian oocyte. The features of their structural organization and the expression pattern of key genes significantly affect oocyte viability. Changes in the functional activity of the nucleus are often expressed in changes in the structure of nuclear bodies (NBs), including Cajal bodies (CBs). The diagnostic protein of CBs is coilin, which maintains their structural integrity. Using fluorescent and electron microscopy, we examined maternal aging-associated changes in coilin pattern in mouse CCs. We found that older mice had a decrease in the number of coilin-positive bodies, while external transcriptome data analysis revealed no significant changes in Coil and Smn1 gene expression. We hypothesized that the age-related dynamics of coilin-containing bodies are determined not by changes in the expression level of key components of these bodies, but by age-related changes in CC metabolism. Considering that CCs are a by-product of IVF protocols, making them available for analysis in sufficient quantities, age-related changes in the number and size of coilin-positive NBs in CCs may serve as a promising biomarker for assessing ovarian functional aging.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12821526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Obstructive Uropathy on Cyst Formation and Nephrogenesis: Insights from a Fetal Lamb Model. 梗阻性尿路病变对囊肿形成和肾发生的影响：来自胎儿羔羊模型的见解。

IF 2.5

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010005

Kohei Kawaguchi, Takuya Kawaguchi, Juma Obayashi, Yasuji Seki, Kunihide Tanaka, Kei Ohyama, Junki Koike, Shigeyuki Furuta, Kevin C Pringle, Hiroaki Kitagawa

{"title":"Influence of Obstructive Uropathy on Cyst Formation and Nephrogenesis: Insights from a Fetal Lamb Model.","authors":"Kohei Kawaguchi, Takuya Kawaguchi, Juma Obayashi, Yasuji Seki, Kunihide Tanaka, Kei Ohyama, Junki Koike, Shigeyuki Furuta, Kevin C Pringle, Hiroaki Kitagawa","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010005","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010005","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive uropathy (OU) during fetal development induces a fetal cystic dysplastic kidney. The mechanisms of cyst formation and the onset of renal dysfunction remain unclear. Determining whether nephrogenic potential persists during fetal life may suggest whether early intervention could preserve renal development. We aimed to evaluate residual nephrogenic activity in fetal cystic dysplastic kidneys using β-catenin and CD10 immunostaining, and to assess whether the site of obstruction influences cystogenesis. After appropriate approval, 20 timed-gestation fetal lambs had OU created at 60 days. Males underwent urethral and urachal ligation (n = 8, 3 lost), and females underwent unilateral ureteric ligation (n = 8, 1 lost). Fetuses were sacrificed at 80 days (n = 6) and 140 days (term, n = 10), comparing kidneys with normal controls of the same gestational age using immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin and CD10. Developing fetal cystic dysplastic kidneys were identified at 80 days. β-catenin staining showed the absence of granular cytoplasmic expression in cystic regions, indicating arrested nephrogenesis. In male models, cysts originated exclusively from proximal tubules. Female models exhibited mixed proximal and distal tubular involvement. CD10 staining confirmed the loss of proximal tubular markers. Renal development remained arrested at term. Cyst formation disrupts renal development early in gestation, which persists until term. Differences in cystogenesis between the models suggest that the site of obstruction influences pathogenic mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12821449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of New Markers for Haemogenic Endothelium and Haematopoietic Progenitors in the Mouse Yolk Sac. 小鼠卵黄囊内造血内皮和造血祖细胞新标志物的发现。

IF 2.5

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010004

Guillermo Diez-Pinel, Alessandro Muratore, Christiana Ruhrberg, Giovanni Canu

{"title":"Discovery of New Markers for Haemogenic Endothelium and Haematopoietic Progenitors in the Mouse Yolk Sac.","authors":"Guillermo Diez-Pinel, Alessandro Muratore, Christiana Ruhrberg, Giovanni Canu","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010004","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010004","url":null,"abstract":"Erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) originate from the haemogenic endothelium in the yolk sac via an endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT) to generate blood and immune cells that support embryo development. Yet, the transitory nature of EHT and the limited availability of molecular markers have constrained our understanding of the origin, identity, and differentiation dynamics of EMPs. Here, we have refined the annotation of yolk sac haemato-vascular populations in publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) datasets from mouse embryos to identify novel molecular markers of haemogenic endothelium and EMPs. By sub-clustering key cell populations followed by pseudotime analysis, we refined cluster annotations and then reconstructed differentiation trajectories. Subsequent differential gene expression analysis between clusters identified novel cell surface markers for haemogenic endothelial cells (Fxyd5 and Scarf1) and EMPs (Fcer1g, Tyrobp, and Mctp1). Further, we have identified candidate signalling and metabolic pathways that may regulate yolk sac haematopoietic emergence and differentiation. The specificity of FXYD5, SCARF1, and FCER1G for haemogenic endothelium and EMPs was validated by immunostaining of the mouse yolk sac. These insights into the transcriptional dynamics in the yolk sac should support future investigation of EHT and haematopoietic differentiation during early mammalian development.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12821522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Interplay of One-Carbon Metabolism, Mitochondrial Function, and Developmental Programming in Ruminant Livestock. 反刍家畜单碳代谢、线粒体功能和发育程序的相互作用。

IF 2.5

Journal of Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.3390/jdb14010003

Kazi Sarjana Safain, Kendall C Swanson, Joel S Caton

{"title":"The Interplay of One-Carbon Metabolism, Mitochondrial Function, and Developmental Programming in Ruminant Livestock.","authors":"Kazi Sarjana Safain, Kendall C Swanson, Joel S Caton","doi":"10.3390/jdb14010003","DOIUrl":"10.3390/jdb14010003","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal nutrition during gestation profoundly influences fetal growth, organogenesis, and long-term offspring performance through developmental programming. Among the molecular mechanisms responsive to maternal nutrient availability, one-carbon metabolism plays a central role by integrating folate, methionine, choline, and vitamin B12 pathways that regulate methylation, nucleotide synthesis, and antioxidant defense. These processes link maternal nutritional status to epigenetic remodeling, cellular proliferation, and redox balance during fetal development. Mitochondria act as nutrient sensors that translate maternal metabolic cues into bioenergetic and oxidative signals, shaping tissue differentiation and metabolic flexibility. Variations in maternal diet have been associated with shifts in fetal amino acid, lipid, and energy metabolism, suggesting adaptive responses to constrained intrauterine environments. This review focuses on the molecular interplay between one-carbon metabolism, mitochondrial function, and metabolomic adaptation in developmental programming of ruminant livestock. Understanding these mechanisms offers opportunities to design precision nutritional strategies that enhance fetal growth, offspring productivity, and long-term resilience in livestock production systems.","PeriodicalId":15563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12821658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146010802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0