Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Mid-Regional Proadrenomedullin Can Be Reliably Measured in Cerebrospinal Fluid to Improve Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Diseases","authors":"Matteo Furlani,&nbsp;Daniela Visentini,&nbsp;Anna Rosa Cussigh,&nbsp;Fiorenza Pesente,&nbsp;Francesco Janes,&nbsp;Carlo Tascini,&nbsp;Francesco Curcio,&nbsp;Martina Fabris","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a potent hormone-like peptide rapidly induced by hypoxia and inflammatory cytokines in the early stages of sepsis. For this reason, the dosage of its more stable precursor fragment called mid-regional (MR)-proADM is currently recommended to assist in triaging patients in the emergency department. Since MR-proADM dosage is currently only approved for use in plasma, we validated its dosage in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to improve the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MR-proADM concentrations were measured in samples using a fully automated platform (Brahms Kryptor Gold Analyzer, Thermo Scientific, Germany), applying the same analytical conditions in plasma and CSF samples, to finally set up an accurate laboratory protocol to validate its dosage in CSF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MR-proADM is highly stable in CSF samples stored at room temperature for up to 48 h, allowing it to be measured with confidence also in CSF samples that may be left on the bench for several hours. In addition, the repeatability and within-laboratory precision of the MR-proADM assay using CSF samples appeared equal to or better than those obtained by the manufacturer using plasma samples, allowing the use of this assay, with high precision, also for CSF samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reliable measure of MR-proADM in CSF and the role of this molecule in CNS will allow its introduction in the diagnostic process of infectious, inflammatory, and degenerative neurological diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assisting the Diagnosis of Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: A Novel Non-Invasive Approach","authors":"Emre Dirican,&nbsp;Tayibe Bal,&nbsp;Yusuf Onlen,&nbsp;Figen Sarigul,&nbsp;Ulku User,&nbsp;Nagehan Didem Sari,&nbsp;Behice Kurtaran,&nbsp;Ebubekir Senates,&nbsp;Alper Gunduz,&nbsp;Esra Zerdali,&nbsp;Hasan Karsen,&nbsp;Ayse Batirel,&nbsp;Ridvan Karaali,&nbsp;Hatice Rahmet Guner,&nbsp;Tansu Yamazhan,&nbsp;Sukran Kose,&nbsp;Nurettin Erben,&nbsp;Nevin Koc Ince,&nbsp;Iftihar Koksal,&nbsp;Nefise Oztoprak,&nbsp;Gulsen Yoruk,&nbsp;Suheyla Komur,&nbsp;Sibel Yildiz Kaya,&nbsp;Ilkay Bozkurt,&nbsp;Ozgur Gunal,&nbsp;Ilknur Esen Yildiz,&nbsp;Dilara Inan,&nbsp;Sener Barut,&nbsp;Mustafa Namiduru,&nbsp;Selma Tosun,&nbsp;Kamuran Turker,&nbsp;Alper Sener,&nbsp;Kenan Hizel,&nbsp;Nurcan Baykam,&nbsp;Fazilet Duygu,&nbsp;Hurrem Bodur,&nbsp;Guray Can,&nbsp;Hanefi Cem Gul,&nbsp;Ayse Sagmak Tartar,&nbsp;Guven Celebi,&nbsp;Mahmut Sunnetcioglu,&nbsp;Oguz Karabay,&nbsp;Hayat Kumbasar Karaosmanoglu,&nbsp;Fatma Sirmatel,&nbsp;Omer Fehmi Tabak","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to determine the important features and cut-off values after demonstrating the detectability of cirrhosis using routine laboratory test results of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients in machine learning (ML) algorithms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective multicenter (37 referral centers) study included the data obtained from the Hepatitis C Turkey registry of 1164 patients with biopsy-proven CHC. Three different ML algorithms were used to classify the presence/absence of cirrhosis with the determined features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest performance in the prediction of cirrhosis (Accuracy = 0.89, AUC = 0.87) was obtained from the Random Forest (RF) method. The five most important features that contributed to the classification were platelet, αlpha-feto protein (AFP), age, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and prothrombin time (PT). The cut-off values of these features were obtained as platelet &lt; 182.000/mm³, AFP &gt; 5.49 ng/mL, age &gt; 52 years, GGT &gt; 39.9 U/L, and PT &gt; 12.35 s. Using cut-off values, the risk coefficients were AOR = 4.82 for platelet, AOR = 3.49 for AFP, AOR = 4.32 for age, AOR = 3.04 for GGT, and AOR = 2.20 for PT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings indicated that the RF-based ML algorithm could classify cirrhosis with high accuracy. Thus, crucial features and cut-off values for physicians in the detection of cirrhosis were determined. In addition, although AFP is not included in non-invasive indexes, it had a remarkable contribution in predicting cirrhosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03145844</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression Profile of Serum CircFUNDC1 and CircUHRF1 Can Differentiate Between Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease)","authors":"Marwa A. Ali,&nbsp;Olfat G. Shaker,&nbsp;Eman M. Ezzat,&nbsp;Abeer A. Khalefa,&nbsp;Naglaa A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Raghda Yahia Abu El-Ela,&nbsp;Amal A. Ibrahim Amin,&nbsp;Fatma Abdel Hamid Mohamed,&nbsp;Marwa Mamdouh Ahmed Abdelhafeez,&nbsp;Mohamed Saad Zaghloul Ahmed,&nbsp;Marwa N. AbdelHafez,&nbsp;Abdulrhman Khaled Al Abdulqader,&nbsp;Reham Fares","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide burden. Circular RNAs are promising biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosis of CRC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the possible association of sera levels of CircFUNDC1 and CircUHRF1 expression with predisposition and clinicopathological findings in CRC, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD) in Egyptian patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The serum levels of CircFUNDC1 and CircUHRF1 were evaluated in 113 Egyptian subjects divided into four groups; CRC (31), UC (26), and CD (25) and compared to healthy controls (31) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median values of log2 serum fold change (FC) of CircFUNDC1 in CRC, UC, and CD patients were 9.11, 6.58, and 6.17, respectively. It was upregulated in all case groups. CRC, UC, and CD patients had significantly higher serum CircFUNDC1 levels than controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). However, there were no significant differences among patient groups (CRC, UC, and CD). The medians of log 2 of serum FC CircUHRF1 in patients with CRC, UC, and CD were −2.00, 3.33, and 3.12, respectively. The CircUHRF1 serum level was lower in the CRC group of patients, with no significant difference between the CRC group and the controls. Serum CircUHRF1 was significantly overexpressed in patients with UC and CD compared to the CRC groups or controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). By Roc curve analysis, both genes can differentiate CRC patients from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients or healthy controls with <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum CircFUNDC1 is a biomarker for CRC, while CircUHRF1 is a biomarker of IBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of UCMA With Cartilage Pathogenesis and Inflammation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Novel Biomarker","authors":"Münteha Nur Sonuç Karaboğa,&nbsp;Hamza Malik Okuyan,&nbsp;Serdar Dogan,&nbsp;Hamdi Oguzman,&nbsp;Gezmiş Kimyon","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a persistent autoimmune disorder that impacts the joints, leading to a reduction in physical function and a decline in overall well-being. UCMA is a vitamin K-dependent protein that plays a role in some human diseases, including osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the possible role of UCMA in the pathogenesis of RA remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression of UCMA in serum samples of patients with RA, its relationship with disease activity and some blood markers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study included 98 RA patients and 24 healthy individuals. Serum UCMA, COMP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum UCMA, COMP, TNF-α, and IL-6 expressions were significantly increased in RA patients compared to healthy controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that blood UCMA, COMP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels had the capability to differentiate between patients with RA and healthy controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). UCMA was positively correlated with certain laboratory indicators, such as COMP, TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and CCP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we report for the first time that UCMA may reflect cartilage degeneration and inflammatory changes in RA patients. Furthermore, UCMA could be employed as a predictive or diagnostic marker in the clinical practice of RA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Association Study of H19 Non-Coding Gene Variants With Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Case–Control Study and Computational Analysis","authors":"Sara Kashani,&nbsp;Hoseinali Sasan,&nbsp;Behrouz Mollashahi,&nbsp;Gholamreza Bahari,&nbsp;Seyed Mahdi Hashemi,&nbsp;Mohsen Taheri","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most prevalent disorders worldwide, with a variety range of etiology from environmental to genetic factors. H19 is a non-coding RNA that codes no protein while playing regulatory roles and is hypothesized to be involved in susceptibility to NHL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>209 NHL patients and 259 healthy subjects were studied. The salting out method was used for genomic DNA extraction, followed by the Refractory fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) technique for genotyping. SPSS package V.22 software was used for statistical analysis. Several in silico tools were used to predict the probable consequences of studied H19 genetic variants on the different aspects of non-coding RNAs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results revealed that statistically, both rs3741219T&gt;C and rs217727C&gt;T variants increased the susceptibility to NHL. The T allele of rs3741219T&gt;C in the codominant model caused the most enhancement in the incidence of NHL (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.28–4.25, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Moreover, The CC genotype of rs217727C&gt;T compared to TT had the sharpest impact on the susceptibility to NHL (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.21–4.23, <i>p</i> = 0.009). In silico predictions revealed that the studied variants seem to alter the binding sites of miRNAs on the H19 long non-coding RNA and change its targets. Furthermore, nucleotide substitution in both rs3741219T&gt;C and rs217727C&gt;T may prepare a new binding site for a transcription factor called Y-Box-binding protein-1 (YB-1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rs217727C&gt;T and rs3714219T&gt;C were responsible for elevating the likelihood of NHL in our population. These substitutions alter the RNA folding of H19 and alter the miRNA binding sites on the H19 transcript.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections","authors":"Shuangwen Xiao,&nbsp;Wei Zuo,&nbsp;Qing Xiang,&nbsp;Yafeng Xie,&nbsp;Yongjian Xiao","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70041","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major threat to global health, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has made therapeutic strategies more complex. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a ubiquitous class of natural compounds that are expected to be an alternative to conventional antibiotics due to their broad spectrum of activity and lower propensity for resistance, promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To emphasize the importance of antimicrobial peptides in the fight against STIs and to review recent advances in AMPs for the treatment and prevention of STIs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article focuses on reviewing the progress of research on AMPs in the treatment and prognosis of STIs such as gonorrhea, HIV, HPV, and chlamydia, and discusses the challenges and future directions of the field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AMPs have great potential in the prevention and treatment of STIs. However, AMPs for the treatment of STIs face challenges such as enzymatic degradation, safety and high cost, while nanotechnology and peptide modification are expected to enhance the stability and bioavailability of AMPs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AMPs have the potential to become an important tool for the treatment of STIs with further research and technological innovation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins Involved in Shrimp and Crab Allergies","authors":"Ruhong Tan,&nbsp;Xiwen Wei,&nbsp;Jiacheng Zhong,&nbsp;Yuanbin Wang,&nbsp;Qing Yu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shrimp and crab allergies have garnered increasing attention in recent years. Unlike many other food allergies, they are less likely to be outgrown by children and tend to trigger more severe allergic symptoms. The underlying mechanisms that lead to these phenomena have not yet been fully elucidated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used proteomics iTRAQ technology to identify differentially expressed proteins in shrimp and crab allergic patients and normal controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety differentially expressed proteins, including 82 upregulated proteins and 8 downregulated proteins, were identified. Furthermore, MRC2 was validated to be upregulated in shrimp and crab allergic patients by ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings have established a comprehensive proteomics map of shrimp and crab allergies, laying the foundation for further analysis of the pathogenesis and regulatory network of shrimp and crab allergies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluctuations and Changes in Acute Phase Reactive Proteins in Fasting and Nonfasting States","authors":"Ben Huang,&nbsp;Shuxian Miao,&nbsp;Yan Xu,&nbsp;Si-Jie Qiu,&nbsp;Rui-Xia Yang,&nbsp;Hua-Guo Xu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In clinical practice, acute-phase reactive proteins (APRPs) are frequently measured at random times. However, it is unclear whether the use of fasting or nonfasting samples affects results. This study aims to investigate the variations of APRPs between fasting and nonfasting conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) experiment due to standard energy intake and strict time flow. Fifty subjects were enrolled and underwent a 12-h fasting period before the experiment. Blood samples were collected the following day at baseline (fasting, T0) and 30 (T1), 60 (T2), 120 (T3), 180 (T4) minutes postglucose intake. A total of 250 blood samples were obtained. To quantify clinical fluctuations, percentage bias was calculated, and Bland–Altman plots were employed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our observational study demonstrated significant postprandial variations for APRPs. For CRP, 17 (34%) of 50 subjects at T1, 21 (42%) at T2, 23 (46%) at T3, and 16 (32%) at T4 exhibited levels exceeding the maximum allowable error in medical laboratory testing, indicating clinically unacceptable bias. For IL-6, thirty subjects (60%) at T1, 27 (54%) at T2, 28 (56%) at T3, and 32 (64%) at T4 displayed clinically unacceptable fluctuations. Among other APRPs, the maximum number of subjects exceeding acceptable bias thresholds was 28% (14/50) for procalcitonin, 38% (19/50) for transferrin, 34% (17/50) for prealbumin, and 24% (12/50) for ceruloplasmin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical fluctuations were observed in the levels of APRPs between fasting and nonfasting states. Clinicians should pay attention to the effects of dietary factors on test results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of In-House Conventional and Multiplex PCR Methods for the Detection and Identification of Lophomonas spp.: An Innovative Approach","authors":"Maryam Nakhaei,&nbsp;Mahdi Fakhar,&nbsp;Abouzar Bagheri,&nbsp;Hajar Ziaei Hezarjaribi,&nbsp;Saied Abediankenari,&nbsp;Ali Sharifpour,&nbsp;Maryam Ghasemi","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pulmonary lophomoniasis is an emerging disease caused by the protozoan pathogen <i>Lophomonas</i> spp. Recently, a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method has been developed. However, its sensitivity and specificity remain to be fully established. Therefore, this study aimed to develop in-house conventional and multiplex PCR for the detection and identification of <i>Lophomonas</i> infections. Additionally, we attempted to compare the diagnostic performance of these novel PCR tests with the current microscopic examination method using BAL samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied 120 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens of the patients clinically suspected of having lophomoniasis. The specimens were examined using three methods: microscopic examination (Giemsa staining), in-house conventional PCR, and multiplex-PCR. Moreover, multiplex-PCR was used for the simultaneous identification of two species of <i>Lophomonas</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of the 120 BAL specimens tested, 30 (25%) tested positive through microscopic wet mount examination. Among the three techniques, multiplex-PCR was the most sensitive (100%, 95% CI, 88.3–100), while Giemsa staining had the lowest sensitivity (86.2%, 95% CI, 69.4–94.5). The data reveal a strong agreement between multiplex-PCR and conventional PCR (κ = 0.96), while the lowest agreement was found between multiplex-PCR and microscopy methods (κ = 0.16). The study also confirmed the presence of <i>L. blattarum</i> species in all samples using multiplex-PCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that the in-house multiplex-PCR is a robust and accurate diagnostic test for the detection and identification of <i>Lophomonas</i> species. Therefore, our findings suggest that this method may be a powerful tool to overcome some diagnostic pitfalls for lophomoniasis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage and Preeclampsia: Macrophage Polarization Imbalance at the Maternal-Fetal Interface","authors":"Yao Wei,&nbsp;Yang Su,&nbsp;Cheng Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolong Ma,&nbsp;Zihui Ling,&nbsp;Yilin Wang,&nbsp;Rui Qiao","doi":"10.1002/jcla.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preeclampsia (PE), as a pathological pregnancy process, is still unclear in its precise pathophysiology. The current consensus on PE pathogenesis is that it is an immune-inflammatory response due to placental dysfunction leading to multiorgan involvement in the mother. Macrophages can polarize into different phenotypes under the influence of distinct microenvironments, secreting various cytokines or chemokines with distinct functions. These phenotypes play roles in either promoting inflammation or facilitating tissue repair. Studies have observed the increase in M1 polarization of decidual macrophages during the occurrence of PE, with this polarization imbalance contributing to the immuno-inflammatory response involved in placental formation. Therefore, understanding the polarization characteristics of macrophages provides a valuable direction for research related to the prevention and treatment of PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Authors searched for related literature on PubMed using the professional terms “preeclampsia” and “macrophage polarization”. The obtained literature was categorized according to its research. Similar articles are summarized in the same sections, which are divided into different small sections according to their specific contents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Different studies have explored the metabolic characteristics, surface markers, secretions, signaling pathways, and functions of different macrophage polarization types, highlighting the critical role of polarization imbalance and excessive inflammatory responses in the development of PE. Intervening in inflammatory responses at the maternal-fetal interface holds significant value for the prevention and treatment of PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the metabolic characteristics of different macrophage polarization types, combined with their polarization imbalance during the development of PE, can facilitate targeted prevention of PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}