Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis最新文献

{"title":"The Discovery of New Antibody in Autoimmune Disease Using a Novel Approach of Coombs Test Based on Flow Cytometry Method","authors":"Anwar Ullah,&nbsp;Xuewei Ding,&nbsp;Xia Qi*,&nbsp;Hui Liu*","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25148","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the antibody to RBC in autoimmune disease patients with ANA using sensitive Coombs test based on flow cytometry method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) of autoimmune disease patients were added to red blood cells (RBCs) of blood group O. At the same time, healthy individuals' serums were also checked. The sample tubes were incubated for 30 min at 37°C. After incubation, each sample was analyzed on flow cytometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The agglutination of antinuclear antibodies in autoimmune patients was observed, while in healthy people, there was no agglutination between RBCs and serum. A significant difference was found between the disease group and healthy group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) showing that a statistical analysis was conducted to compare the presence of ANA agglutination between the two groups. The reported p-value of less than 0.0001 shows that the observed difference is highly significant. The serum stability test conducted over ten consecutive days demonstrated a CV of 6.90% in the test results, indicating favorable stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, this study emphasizes the effectiveness of flow cytometry as a valuable tool for detecting RBC-bound antibodies and new antibodies in autoimmune disease patients. Its high sensitivity and accuracy have the potential to greatly improve diagnostic capabilities in clinical laboratories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B4GALNT1 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis via the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway.","authors":"Lihan Bie, Guangquan Chen, Xin Lei, Feng Xiao, Zheng Xu, Zhouhong Xiang, Zhicheng Lu, Xiudi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.25155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a ubiquitous malignancy linked to significant mortality. The abnormal expression of β-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 1 (B4GALNT1) seemed to be implicated in tumorigenesis. Nonetheless, this enzyme's roles in HCC are unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By analyzing the TCGA_LIHC, GSE77509, and GSE135631 datasets, the levels of B4GALNT1 expression in HCC and surrounding non-cancerous tissues were compared. The prognostic implications of B4GALNT1 were assessed using the Cox regression analysis (CRA). The relationship of B4GALNT1 mutations with CpG island methylation levels and prognosis was examined by analyzing the cBioPortal and MethSurv databases. We sifted the evidence of B4GALNT1 expression correlating with 28 immune cell types' infiltration by harnessing the \"GSVA\" R package. To delve into the influences of genes associated with B4GALNT1 on HCC, we implemented gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). We constructed a lentiviral vector expressing B4GALNT1 and knocked down B4GALNT1 in HepG2 cells. The resulting effects on HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed via cell proliferation assays and flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HCC tissues presented significant B4GALNT1 overexpression relative to surrounding non-cancerous tissues, marking it as a standalone risk factor for HCC progression. Methylation levels of two CpG islands were high, suggesting poor prognosis. It was detectable that B4GALNT1 expression interrelated with the infiltration extent of natural killer T cells in HCC tissues. B4GALNT1-fueled cell proliferation and enhanced resistance to apoptosis in HCC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>B4GALNT1 is a strong regulator of HCC progression and holds promise as a marker for prognosis and a hallmark for therapy in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"e25155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Prostate Cancer From Routine Laboratory Markers With Automated Machine Learning","authors":"Atilla Satır,&nbsp;Yasemin Üstündağ,&nbsp;Meryem Rümeysa Yeşil,&nbsp;Kağan Huysal","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25143","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we attempted to select the optimum cases for a prostate biopsy based on routine laboratory test results in addition to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test using H2O automated machine learning (AutoML) software, which includes many common machine learning algorithms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 737 patients (46–88 years old). Routine laboratory measurements were used to train machine learning models using H2O AutoML. We created a model that classifies prostate biopsy results as malignant or benign. The performance of the best model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), log-loss metric, F1 score, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity. The model's performance was evaluated through the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis feature-based interpretation method applied to comprehend the machine learning model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gradient boosting machine model was the most successful. The best result was obtained in the model with 11 parameters, including PSA, free PSA, free PSA to PSA, hemoglobin, neutrophils, platelets, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), glucose, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocytes, and age. The AUC of this model was 0.72, the specificity was 0.84, the PPV was 0.65, the NPV was 0.69, and the accuracy was 0.68.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that adding only routine laboratory parameters to the PSA test and developing machine learning algorithms can help reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies without overlooking the diagnosis of PCa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Role of Calcium Signaling Pathway-Associated Single Nucleotide Variants in Susceptibility to Hypertension","authors":"Armin Sharifi,&nbsp;Azam Azimi,&nbsp;Reza Alibakhshi,&nbsp;Zohreh Rahimi,&nbsp;Nazanin Jalilian","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25141","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25141","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a complex disease, hypertension (HTN) is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. The calcium signaling pathway is known to be involved in the regulation of blood pressure, and dysfunction in this pathway may contribute to the development of hypertension. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genes in the calcium signaling pathway associated with susceptibility to HTN, including <i>PLCB1</i>, <i>ATP2B1</i>, and <i>ADRB1</i>. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the calcium signaling pathway and HTN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We genotyped three SNVs: rs1801253 (<i>ADRB1</i>), rs6108168 (<i>PLCB1</i>), and rs17249754 (<i>ATP2B1</i>) in a population of 131 patients with hypertension and 115 healthy controls from Kermanshah province, Iran.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results showed a strong and significant association between the G allele and the GG and CG genotypes of the rs1801253 variant in the <i>ADRB1</i> gene and susceptibility to hypertension. However, no significant association was found for the other two SNVs. In addition, the presence of the GCG haplotype (alleles from left to right: rs1801253, rs6108168, and rs17249754) appeared to confer a protective role against HTN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study has made a significant contribution towards enhancing the comprehension of hypertension development, as well as the early identification of individuals who are at risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Role of Soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen in Short-Term Monitoring of Differently Treated Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Laura Caponi, Maria Livia Del Giudice, Alice Botti, Silvia Ursino, Alberto Gennari, Aldo Paolicchi, Sara Galimberti, Gabriele Buda","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.25151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The management of multiple myeloma is challenging because the disease is incurable and unexpected relapses can threaten a patient's survival. Several assessment systems are currently available, but they often require invasive or costly procedures (e.g., instrumental bone marrow and whole-body examinations) or rely on non-specific markers in blood and urine that may not be sufficient to assess and monitor the disease.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To address some of these limitations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of soluble B-Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA), a promising new serum biomarker, as a toll for moniting multiple myeloma patients.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>An unselected cohort of 57 newly diagnosed or relapsed myeloma patients was followed up for 6 months after starting a new therapy. Soluble BCMA levels were measured in peripheral blood using a simple and inexpensive ELISA assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soluble BCMA was detectable in peripheral blood by a simple and inexpensive assay in all patients, even in non-secretory disease or during BCMA-targeted therapies, and significant changes in its levels were observed over time. The analysis showed that the decrease in sBCMA at 1 and 6 months reflects the quality of the clinical response to anti-myeloma regimens.</p><p><strong>Discussion & conclusion: </strong>The data provide interesting insights into the usefulness of sBCMA as a non-invasive tool for early assessment of treatment efficacy. Its simple and cost-effective detection in peripheral blood could provide clinicians with an addiotional resource for monitoring disease progression and tailoring treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"e25151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing Decisional Cutoff Values of Neurofilament Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid Measured by Fully Automated Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay.","authors":"Luisa Agnello, Caterina Maria Gambino, Fabio Del Ben, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Concetta Scazzone, Marcello Ciaccio","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.25152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is one of the most important biomarkers in the field of clinical neurochemistry. Several analytical methods have been developed in the last decade. Recently, Fujirebio introduced a ready-to-use assay kit for measuring NfL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on the fully automated LUMIPULSE G System. In this study, we established the decisional cutoffs for CSF NfL.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective observational study including patients with cognitive decline. CSF NfL levels were measured by two analytical methods: the NF-light ELISA kit (UmanDiagnostics) and the Lumipulse G1200 fully automated system (Fujirebio). We calculated the cutoffs for the Lumipulse, starting from the consolidated cutoffs of the ELISA method for each age and using the equation obtained by the regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population consisted of 100 patients with cognitive decline. The median levels of CSF NfL measured by Lumipulse and ELISA were 776.5 ± 772.6 pg/mL and 473.5 ± 443.5 pg/mL, respectively, significantly different (p < 0.001). The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was 0.962, indicating a robust positive correlation between the two measurement methods. The equation derived from the Passing-Bablok regression analysis was CSF CLEIA = -61.16 + 1.83 × CSF ELISA. Based on this equation, we defined the decisional cutoff values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Decisional cutoffs are fundamental tools for guiding clinicians to use biomarkers' results and interpretation appropriately. This is the first study establishing the decisional cutoff value of NfL measured by Lumipulse, a fully automated platform widely used in clinical laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"e25152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Correlation Between Hematological Parameters and Palpitation in Outpatients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Ting Chen,&nbsp;Ling Wei,&nbsp;Juan Ren,&nbsp;Jing Gong,&nbsp;Hui Yuan,&nbsp;QingJun Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25137","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25137","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on heart injury caused by COVID-19 is limited to large observational and retrospective cohort studies using imaging or pathological data. Reported changes in the levels of myocardial markers in severe diseases have been limited, with few studies on mild infections. The effects of COVID-19 on cardiac function and changes in myocardial marker levels have not yet been reported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from outpatient blood samples collected at Beijing Anzhen Hospital during the 2022 COVID-19 outbreak and used the same periods in 2020 and 2021 as controls, focusing on changes in routine blood tests, coagulation, myocardial markers, and other blood indices in patients with palpitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of patients with palpitations increased by 4.87-fold during the COVID-19 mass outbreak in 2022. The indices of myocardial damage did not show any symptom-related increases but decreased within the normal range. The proportion of patients with palpitations whose D-dimer and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) values exceeded the reference ranges increased, as did the numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. In this retrospective analysis, we found little change in the myocardial markers in patients with mild COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In patients with mild COVID-19, attention should be diverted from detecting myocardial markers to changes in coagulation test results, focusing on the levels of coagulation indices to improve circulation and prevent thrombosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Value of Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers for Predicting Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children","authors":"Liqun Shao,&nbsp;Bohai Yu,&nbsp;Ying Lyu,&nbsp;Shizhen Fan,&nbsp;Caizhen Gu,&nbsp;Hetong Wang","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25150","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (MP) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), posing diagnostic challenges. This study evaluates novel inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) for MP diagnosis in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Complete blood count (CBC) results of 424 children with MP infection and 150 health children were collected. NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI, were respectively calculated. Shapiro–Wilk test, Student's <i>t</i>-test, Mann–Whitney <i>U</i>-test and Pearson chi-squared test were used to analyze the clinical data of the patients and participants. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted based on the results of single factor analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the potential of the above biomarkers for MP infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with the control group, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (NEU) count, monocyte (MON) count, NLR, MLR, PLR, SII and SIRI were significantly higher and lymphocyte count (LYM) and platelet (PLT) were significantly lower than those in MP group. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicate that MLR and SIRI can serve as major risk factors for MP infection in children. The predictive accuracy of logistic regression model based on MLR and SIRI is 83.28%. The area under the curve (AUC) results showed that SIRI has better predicting value of MP infection (AUC = 0.892, Sensitivity = 75.7%, Specificity = 92.0%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study described the significance of novel inflammatory biomarkers in children with MP infection and may provide new auxiliary diagnostic indicators for MP infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleocapsid Antibodies as an Optimal Serological Marker of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Longitudinal Study at the Thomayer University Hospital","authors":"Markéta Ibrahimová,&nbsp;Vladislava Jamriková,&nbsp;Kateřina Pavelková,&nbsp;Klára Bořecká","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25149","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The longitudinal study was conducted over the initial 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, spanning from June 2020 to December 2022, in healthcare workers (HCWs) of the Thomayer University Hospital. A total of 3892 blood samples were collected and analyzed for total nucleocapsid (N) antibodies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of N antibodies, their relationship to the PCR test, spike (S) antibodies, interferon-gamma, and prediction of reinfection with SARS-CoV-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Blood collections were performed in three rounds, along with questionnaires addressing clinical symptoms of past infection, PCR testing, and vaccination. Antibody measurements included total N antibodies (Roche Diagnostics) and postvaccination S antibodies (Euroimmun). Cellular immunity was tested by interferon-gamma release assay (Euroimmun).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the end of the study, 35.9% of HCWs were positive for N antibodies, and 39.5% of HCWs had either known PCR positivity or N antibodies or both. Ten percent of participants had no knowledge of a COVID-19 infection and 35% of positive individuals exhibited no symptoms. The values of positive antibodies decrease over a period of 6 months to 1 year, depending on the initial value, and their dynamics are highly variable. The study also demonstrated that the highest levels of spike antibodies and interferon-gamma occur during so-called hybrid immunity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nucleocapsid antibodies proved valuable in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics, and they may detect cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection missed by PCR tests. The study identified distinct patterns in antibody dynamics and protection of hybrid immunity during reinfection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Association Between Genetic Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Protein-2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Case–Control Study","authors":"Elmutuz H. Elssaig,&nbsp;Eltayib H. Ahmed-Abakur,&nbsp;Tarig M. S. Alnour,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Alsubai,&nbsp;Abdalla Eltoum Ali,&nbsp;Mohammad Fahad Ullah,&nbsp;Nizar H. Saeedi,&nbsp;Fahad Daefalah Alenzi","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25147","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the association between IGF2BP2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study involved 422 individuals, 214 diabetes mellitus cases, and 208 healthy controls. The PCR-RFLP technique was used to determine the genotype of the IGF2BP2 gene for the SNPs rs4402960 (G&gt;T) and rs1470579 (A&gt;C).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that the C allele of the rs1470579 variant and the T allele of the rs440960 variant were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus group (<i>p</i> = 0.0029 and 0.0001) as reported for both alleles, respectively. High frequencies of haplotypes TA and TC were observed in type 2 diabetes patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study showed that IGF2BP2 rs1470579 and rs4402960 polymorphism were significantly associated with the increased risk of T2DM in the Saudi Arabian population and presented a genetic model to screen the high-risk individuals with further validations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}