Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation最新文献_第5页

Cellulolytic Bacillus may or may not Produce ÃÂ²-Glucosidase due to their Environmental Origin Ã¢ÂÂ A Case Study 纤维素分解芽孢杆菌可能产生或不产生ÃÂ²-葡萄糖苷酶由于其环境来源ÃⅱÂÂ一个案例研究

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-09-14 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000412

Lutfun Neesa, N. Jahan, M. Khann, Mohammad Shahedur Rahman

{"title":"Cellulolytic Bacillus may or may not Produce ÃÂ²-Glucosidase due to their Environmental Origin Ã¢ÂÂ A Case Study","authors":"Lutfun Neesa, N. Jahan, M. Khann, Mohammad Shahedur Rahman","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000412","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial cellulases have been drawing attention worldwide because of their massive capacity to process the most abundant cellulosic biomass into sustainable biofuels and other valuable products. Profitable biomass conversion processes are highly dependent on the use of efficient enzymes for lignocellulose degradation. Among the cellulose degrading enzymes, β-glucosidases are essential for efficient hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass as they relieve the inhibition of the cellobiohydrolases and endoglucanases by reducing cellobiose accumulation. In this study, cellulolytic bacteria with potential β-glucosidases activity were isolated and screened from biogas plant effluent and dairy effluent near Jahangirnagar University campus. From initial screening, a total of 16 isolates were found to have cellulolytic activity, among them three isolates (B1, B5, D4) were selected based on their superior results. All the three bacterial isolates were identified as B. subtilis (B1), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B5) and B. subtilis (D4) respectively based on their morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The β- glucosidases activity of these three potential cellulolytic bacteria was performed by measuring the release of PNP using pNPG as a substrate and interestingly D4 strain was resulted with β-glucosidases negative where B1 strain was found to have efficient for β-glucosidases activity.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87606557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms that Degrade Dimethoate 降解乐果微生物的分离与特性研究

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-09-11 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000410

Shivangi Singh, P. Iyer

引用次数: 0

Chromium Detoxification by Using Mango ( Mangifera indica ) and Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Leaves 芒果(Mangifera indica)和印楝(Azadirachta indica)叶对铬的解毒作用

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-08-31 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000409

I. BhusariShahin, D. PiraleGayatri, R. VitekarAboli, A. MagdumSonali, C. SuryawanshiMadhuri, B. JagtapArchana, S. WadkarSuryakant, C. SheteChidanand, S. GhoshJai

{"title":"Chromium Detoxification by Using Mango ( Mangifera indica ) and Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Leaves","authors":"I. BhusariShahin, D. PiraleGayatri, R. VitekarAboli, A. MagdumSonali, C. SuryawanshiMadhuri, B. JagtapArchana, S. WadkarSuryakant, C. SheteChidanand, S. GhoshJai","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000409","url":null,"abstract":"Water is one of the most vital natural resource, and is crucial for survival of all living organism. One of the major polluting sources of this water is the industrial effluents. In developing countries, most of the industries are operated in small and medium scales and some of these like electroplating and tannery industries discharge waste which is rich with Cr (VI) salts. Such untreated effluents have raised several ecological concerns. Chromium has been considered as one of the most toxic pollutant primarily because of its carcinogenic and teratogenic nature. The present work was focused on investigation into suitable biological remediation of such effluents without subsequent secondary pollution. It involved effect of concentration, contact time and pH variation on ability of the neem and mango leaves in removing chromium ions form aqueous solution. The dried leaves were washed with deionised water, air-dried and ground using ball mill. The leaf powders were added to 10 ppm stock metal ion solution made from potassium dichromate where chromium exist as Cr (VI). These mixtures were shaken at a constant rate of 150 rpm, filtered and analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The maximum adsorption was obtained at pH 5.5, agitation rate of 150 rpm, particle size, of ground dry leaves, was 5 mm, initial concentration of Cr (VI) ions of 10 mg/l and contact time 24 hrs to 48 hrs. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 10 ppm Cr (VI) ion concentration and 5.0 g/L of mango leaf powder (MLP) at pH 5.5. However, pH 7.0 was chosen as the optimum pH (to prevent secondary pollution due to acidic pH of treated effluent). Better adsorption did not occur at higher solution temperatures. The neem leaf powder was less effective in removing Cr(VI) ions from solutions. The adsorption mechanism followed a pseudo second order kinetics.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90397626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biogas Recovery from Hyper-Thermophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Fat, Oil and Grease 超嗜热厌氧共消化浓缩废活性污泥、城市生活垃圾有机组分和油脂的沼气回收

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-08-28 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000408

Rania Mona Zeid Alqaralleh, K. Kennedy, R. Delatolla

{"title":"Biogas Recovery from Hyper-Thermophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Thickened Waste Activated Sludge, Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Fat, Oil and Grease","authors":"Rania Mona Zeid Alqaralleh, K. Kennedy, R. Delatolla","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000408","url":null,"abstract":"The use of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and Fat Oil and Grease (FOG) as co-substrates for thickened waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion has the potential to improve the biodegradation process and significantly enhance biogas production and methane yields. This will not only help convert these potential waste streams from landfills increasing the longevity of existing landfills, but also provide a sustainable waste to energy waste management method. In this study the anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste, with thickened waste activated sludge (50:50, w/w based on total volatile solids) was investigated using anaerobic digestion thermophilic and hyper-thermophilic biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays. The hyper-thermophilic BMP assays outperformed the thermophilic BMP assays by providing faster biogas production rates, higher cumulative biogas productions and methane yields. Additionally, 10, 20 and 30% FOG (based on total volatile solids) were added to the co-digestion mixtures in order to boost the biogas production and methane yield in three hyperthermophilic assays. 30% FOG in the co-digestion mixture enhanced the biogas methane content for sample TWAS:OFMSW:30%FOG(H) to 66.4% compared to 60.1% for the control sample TWAS(T), and accordingly improved the methane yield to be 84.4% higher than the methane yield of the control.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83598095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Human Health Risk Levels and Distribution of PAHs in Soil Environment of a Coking Chemical Plant Located in Beijing, China 北京某焦化化工厂土壤环境中多环芳烃的人体健康风险水平及分布

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-08-24 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000407

J. Jia, Haibin He, Zi-ying Wang, Shenwei Zhao, Linying Me, Jialin Liu, Shihai Zhang, Cunzhen Liang, Yinghua Zhang

{"title":"Human Health Risk Levels and Distribution of PAHs in Soil Environment of a Coking Chemical Plant Located in Beijing, China","authors":"J. Jia, Haibin He, Zi-ying Wang, Shenwei Zhao, Linying Me, Jialin Liu, Shihai Zhang, Cunzhen Liang, Yinghua Zhang","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000407","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) organic pollutants in soil samples were determined by Soxhlet extraction- GCMS methods. Human health risks of as for 5 different sampling sites in the coking chemical plant were evaluated in four major Exposure routes, including oral intake, skin contact, inhalation the air pollutants of outdoor which from the soil surface, and inhalation the air pollutants of outdoor which from the soil lower layer. The results showed that the detection rate of 16 kinds precedent- controlled PAHs in the US Environmental Protection Agency was 100%. The three main pollutants are Baa, Bbf, Bap. The ΣPAHs comprehensive carcinogenicity risk of the oral exposure pathway is 498 times the carcinogenic risk of the skin exposure pathway, and 198 times the rate of carcinogenic risk of inhalation of soil particle Exposure route. And the rate of carcinogenic risk of Inhalation the air pollutants of outdoor which from the soil lower layer is almost 0. The hazard quotient of soil ΣPAHs main air pollutants pathway are oral intake and inhalation of outdoor air from the soil surface. The sum of them is close to 90%, The hazard quotient of soil ΣPAHs in the coking plant area is seriously exceeded. The risk of ΣPAHs in the soil of coking plant was mainly exposed to oral intake, and the contribution rate of carcinogenic risk was 99.3103%. Combined with the development characteristics of China's coking industry, regional climate and geological characteristics, make a human health risk assessment to ΣPAHs.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"32 5","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91487797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of the Efficiency of Duckweed ( Lemna minor L.) as a Phytoremediation Agent in Wastewater Treatment in Kashmir Himalayas 浮萍(Lemna minor L.)作为植物修复剂在克什米尔喜马拉雅地区废水处理中的效果评价

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-07-26 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000405

Irfana Showqi, F. Lone, J. Bhat

{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficiency of Duckweed ( Lemna minor L.) as a Phytoremediation Agent in Wastewater Treatment in Kashmir Himalayas","authors":"Irfana Showqi, F. Lone, J. Bhat","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000405","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the efficiency of duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as an effective natural biological tool in wastewater treatment was examined in an outdoor aquatic system. Duckweed plants were inoculated into wastewater and tap water systems for treatment over fifteen day’s retention periods under local outdoor natural conditions. Water samples were taken below duckweed cover after fifteen days to assess the plant’s efficiency in purifying waste water from different pollutants. For comparison, the plants were also grown in tubs containing tap water. The results show that concentrations of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) decreased by 93.4%, 99.9%, 93.9%, 98.5%., 91.9%, 85.0%, 95.0%, 90.0%, 99.8%, 99.5% and 95.0% respectively in waste water and subsequently these elements exhibited an increasing concentration in the plant body. Almost similar results were obtained when the plants were grown in tubs containing tap water. Biochemical parameters viz. chl-a, b, total-chl, carbohydrates and proteins as well as nutrient status of the macrophyte increased after the completion of the retention period both in waste and tap water. Results confirm that duckweeds can effectively be used for wastewater treatment systems.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"61 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85277087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Some Morphological and Biochemical Changes in Gram Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress 镉胁迫下革兰幼苗形态和生化的变化

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-07-26 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000403

S. Tiwari, S. Bajpai, N. Srivastava

{"title":"Some Morphological and Biochemical Changes in Gram Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress","authors":"S. Tiwari, S. Bajpai, N. Srivastava","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000403","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal pollution is a very serious environmental issue throughout the world. These heavy metals do not degrade and accumulate in the environment which is very dangerous to the environmental and human health. Plant responses to heavy metal stress are the combined results of various processes like cellular transport mechanisms and activation of signal transduction pathways, which depend upon type of metal and plant species. In the present study, various morphological and biochemical changes were investigated in the Cicer arietinum grown hydroponically in different concentration of CdCl2. This study was done in order to contribute towards the better understanding of the mechanism of heavy metal stress adaptation in the gram seedlings. Marked reduction was observed in the in length of leaves, shoots and roots as well as fresh weight of gram seedlings at higher concentration of cadmium chloride compared to controls. This reduction in growth indicates metal toxicity. There is increase in protein concentration with increasing concentration of cadmium in gram seedlings. The increase of soluble proteins could results from the activation of genes for synthesis of specific proteins associated with stress that protect the vital set of cellular proteins, and the heat shock proteins which maintains membrane protein and the plant cell structures. It seems that the synthesis of specific proteins is necessary for the hardening.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83654469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Heavy Metal Uptake Potential of Aquatic Plants through Phytoremediation Technique - A Review 水生植物重金属吸收潜力的植物修复技术研究进展

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-07-26 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000404

R. Wani, B. A. Ganai, M. Shah, Baba Uqab

引用次数: 56

Analysis of Enzymes Activities on Domestic Waste Dump Sites 生活垃圾倾倒场酶活性分析

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000400

C. Iheme, D. I. Ukairo, C. Ibegbulem, Olivia O Okorom, Kelechi Chibundu

{"title":"Analysis of Enzymes Activities on Domestic Waste Dump Sites","authors":"C. Iheme, D. I. Ukairo, C. Ibegbulem, Olivia O Okorom, Kelechi Chibundu","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000400","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Effects of physico-chemical parameters on microbial dehydrogenases from domestic waste dumpsites were studied. \u0000 Methodology: The microorganisms (S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, T. Mentagrophytes and F. oxysoprium) were isolated from three domestic waste dumps in Owerri metropolis and subculture. Microbial dehydrogenases were extracted with acetone, partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, DEAEcellulose column chromatography and Sephadex G200 gel filtration chromatography. Dehydrogenase activity at each stage of purification was assayed with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and the absorbance of the formazan formed was measured and used to ascertain the total dehydrogenase activity. The impacts of effectors (Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and EDTA, ethanol and butanol) on the microbial dehydrogenase were determined by incubating the partially purified enzyme with the effectors for 30 min at 4°C. Also, the effects of temperature and pH were assessed by varying the temperature and pH ranges from 10°C to 60°C and 2.0 to 8.0, respectively. \u0000Results: The specific activities of the enzyme from the microorganisms were 7.10, 7.73, 6.47, 6.26, 9.66 and 10.58 mg Formazan/mg cell dry wt/h, respectively. Calcium ion, Mg2+, ethanol and butanol significantly increased (p<0.05) dehydrogenase activities in all the microorganisms studied while Zn2+, Fe2+ and EDTA decreased the activities. \u0000Conclusion: These activators can be harnessed within the recorded optimum temperature and pH ranges to enhance microbial growth; which is essential for the degradation of domestic waste thereby promoting cleaner environment.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77604515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of Crude Oil Polluted Soil and Substrate Quantity on Some Morphological Characters of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm and Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fries) Quel Fruit Bodies 原油污染土壤和基质数量对平菇某些形态特征的影响kumum和Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fries)的果体

Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation Pub Date : 2017-06-28 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6199.1000401

Onyeizu Ur, U. Hn, C. Fa, Nwoko Mc

{"title":"Effect of Crude Oil Polluted Soil and Substrate Quantity on Some Morphological Characters of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm and Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fries) Quel Fruit Bodies","authors":"Onyeizu Ur, U. Hn, C. Fa, Nwoko Mc","doi":"10.4172/2155-6199.1000401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000401","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the influence of different levels of crude oil pollution on some morphological characteristics of P. ostreatus and P. pulmonariusfruit bodies. Crude oil treatment was done at 2%, 4% and 6% levels to 2,500 g/kg of garden soil. A.gayanus substrate was used in two quantity layers of 150 g/kg (4 cm) and 300 g/kg (8 cm) and placed on top of the polluted soil before spawn inoculation. The Cap Size (C.S cm), Stipe Length (S.L cm) and Weight (Wt. g/kg) of each mature mushroom fruit body were determined. Data collected were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), while mean separation was done using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that mean and standard error mean (mean± SEM) of C.S, S.L, and Wt of fruit bodies of both oyster mushrooms were not significantly different at p<0.05. Therefore, the various levels of crude oil pollution (2%, 4%, and 6%), as well as A.gayanus substrate layers/quantities of 4 cm/150 g/kg and 8 cm/300 g/kg did not affect some of the morphological characters of the Oyster mushroom species studied.","PeriodicalId":15262,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioremediation and Biodegradation","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77943658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1