Journal of applied physiology最新文献

Incorporating gravity into synergistic control of upper limb movements using phasic synergies with positive and negative weights. 利用正、负权重的相位协同作用，将重力融入上肢运动的协同控制中。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00779.2024

Alessandro Scano, Cristina Brambilla, Marta Russo, Andrea d'Avella

{"title":"Incorporating gravity into synergistic control of upper limb movements using phasic synergies with positive and negative weights.","authors":"Alessandro Scano, Cristina Brambilla, Marta Russo, Andrea d'Avella","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00779.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00779.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Two models have been proposed to describe how motor control is affected by gravity. According to the gravity-compensation model, accelerating and decelerating the limb through phasic muscle activations is independent of the control of gravity forces, with tonic muscle activations counteracting gravity force. The effort-optimization model, instead, hypothesizes that muscles exploit gravity, decreasing tonic activity to minimize effort using negative phasic EMG components. Muscle synergies have been employed for assessing motor control in neurophysiological studies, but synergistic models so far have neglected explicit representations of gravity forces. Therefore, we aimed at incorporating the pervasive presence of gravity into muscle synergies by extracting synergies with negative weights to capture negative phasic EMG components. Muscle synergies with positive and negative weights were extracted using the mixed-matrix factorization (MMF) algorithm on a set of upper-limb reaching movements performed by 15 healthy participants across targets in different planes designed to elicit positive and negative phasic activations. Movements were grouped depending on the tonic components at movement onset, needed for gravity exploitation, and identified as \"increasing tonic EMG\" (ITE) and \"decreasing tonic EMG\" (DTE). ITE showed better reconstruction accuracy than DTE when extracting five or fewer synergies. DTE exhibited more negative phasic activations and synergy weights showed more negative values. A bootstrap procedure showed that synergies extracted from ITE and DTE are different in structure, and cluster analysis found nine clusters for ITE and ten for DTE. These results indicate that the compensation and the effort minimization models can coexist within the muscle synergy framework.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disuse and subsequent recovery resistance training affect skeletal muscle angiogenesis related markers regardless of prior resistance training experience. 弃用和随后的恢复性阻力训练影响骨骼肌血管生成相关标志物，而不考虑先前的阻力训练经验。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00988.2024

Mason C McIntosh, J Max Michel, Joshua S Godwin, Daniel L Plotkin, Derick A Anglin, Madison L Mattingly, Anthony Agyin-Birikorang, Nicholas J Kontos, Harsimran S Baweja, Matt S Stock, C Brooks Mobley, Michael D Roberts

{"title":"Disuse and subsequent recovery resistance training affect skeletal muscle angiogenesis related markers regardless of prior resistance training experience.","authors":"Mason C McIntosh, J Max Michel, Joshua S Godwin, Daniel L Plotkin, Derick A Anglin, Madison L Mattingly, Anthony Agyin-Birikorang, Nicholas J Kontos, Harsimran S Baweja, Matt S Stock, C Brooks Mobley, Michael D Roberts","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00988.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00988.2024","url":null,"abstract":"We recently reported that resistance trained (T, n=10) and untrained (UT, n=11) young adults experience vastus lateralis (VL) muscle atrophy following two weeks of disuse, and 8 weeks of recovery resistance training (RT) promotes VL hypertrophy in both participant cohorts. Skeletal muscle angiogenesis is appreciated for supporting skeletal muscle hypertrophy, but its activity following disuse-induced atrophy in humans is largely unexplored in the context of RT. Thus, we sought to determine whether these outcomes were affected. VL biopsies were obtained at baseline (PRE), immediately after disuse (MID), and after RT (POST). Western blotting was used to assay angiogenesis markers and immunohistochemistry was performed in 16/21 participants to determine type I and II muscle fiber capillary number. Significant main effects of time (p<0.05) were observed for protein levels of VEGF (MID<POST), VEGFR2 (PRE&MID<POST), TSP-1 (PRE<POST), TIMP1 (MID<POST), phosphorylated/pan eNOS (Ser1177) (POST<PRE), and pan eNOS (PRE<POST). VEGFR2 exhibited a training status*time interaction (p=0.018), but no differences existed between T and UT at any time point. A significant main effect of time was observed for type II fiber capillary number (PRE<POST), and type II fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) increased from MID to POST (+25%, p<0.001) and PRE to POST (+20%, p=0.019). No significant correlations exist for percentage changes in type II fiber capillary number and type II fCSA from PRE-to-MID (r= 0.020), MID-to-POST (r= 0.392), or PRE-to-POST (r= -0.120) across all participants (p>0.100). Although disuse and recovery RT affect skeletal muscle angiogenesis-related protein targets, prior training history does not differentially affect these outcomes.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relation between proprioceptive ability and physical function in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review. 脑卒中、帕金森病和多发性硬化症患者本体感觉能力与身体功能的关系：系统综述

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2025

Lucy S Robertson, Georgia Fisher, Joanna Diong, Annie A Butler, Simon C Gandevia, Martin E Héroux

{"title":"The relation between proprioceptive ability and physical function in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review.","authors":"Lucy S Robertson, Georgia Fisher, Joanna Diong, Annie A Butler, Simon C Gandevia, Martin E Héroux","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2025","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between proprioceptive ability and physical function is commonly assessed in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis to investigate the aetiology of functional deficits. The primary aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the magnitude of this association in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. We also investigated whether the magnitude of these associations was influenced by i) study sample size, ii) the pairing of body regions targeted by assessments of proprioceptive ability and physical function, iii) the proprioceptive sense assessed, and iv) the type of proprioceptive assessment (low-level proprioception; high-level proprioception). A total of 56 studies reporting 438 measures of association were included. The magnitude of the associations ranged from -0.31 to 0.93 (r and ρ), with 92% being positive (better proprioceptive ability associated with better physical function). Study sample size, pairing of assessments and type of low-level proprioceptive assessment (detect, discriminate, match) did not systematically influence the direction or magnitude of the associations. 97% of assessments focused on low-level proprioception and kinesthesia (position and movement sense). When studies discussed their measures of association, 50% used language that implied causality. Despite a detailed breakdown of measures of association, no clear pattern emerged regarding the link between proprioceptive ability and physical function. Future studies in people with stroke, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis should i) move away from simple measures of association to infer causation given that several interrelated and potentially confounding deficits co-exist and ii) assess various aspects of proprioception, including high-level proprioception, as they differentially contribute to physical function.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cerebrospinal fluid pH in chronic respiratory acidosis. 慢性呼吸性酸中毒的脑脊液pH值。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00296.2025

Jay Mjr Carr, Travis Gibbons, David MacLeod, Erik R Swenson, Philip N Ainslie

引用次数: 0

Reduced Surfactant Protein B levels impede unfolding of the pulmonary blood-gas barrier during inspiration in mice. 表面活性剂蛋白B水平降低阻碍小鼠吸气时肺血气屏障的展开。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00234.2025

Hannia M Buchholz, Franziska Roeder, Dirk Wedekind, Oliver Dittrich-Breiholz, Jannik Ruwisch, Jens Hansen, Clemens Ruppert, Bradford J Smith, Lars Knudsen

{"title":"Reduced Surfactant Protein B levels impede unfolding of the pulmonary blood-gas barrier during inspiration in mice.","authors":"Hannia M Buchholz, Franziska Roeder, Dirk Wedekind, Oliver Dittrich-Breiholz, Jannik Ruwisch, Jens Hansen, Clemens Ruppert, Bradford J Smith, Lars Knudsen","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00234.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00234.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Surfactant protein B (SP-B) contributes to surface tension reduction at the pulmonary air-liquid interface. In lung injury, downregulation of alveolar SP-B is an early finding. During inspiration, unfolding processes of the interalveolar septa are considered as physiological micromechanical mechanisms that might become injurious in presence of high surface tension, thus propagating injury. The aim of the present study was to quantify SP-B deficiency-related alterations in micromechanics of the blood-gas-barrier (BGB) during inspiration at physiological lung volumes. Our transgenic mouse line expressed SP-B under control of a doxycycline-dependent promotor. Two days after withdrawal of doxycycline (Dox-off) the mean SP-B level declined by 86%. In Dox-on and Dox-off groups lung mechanics were assessed before the lungs were fixed at increasing airway opening pressures on inspiration or subjected to broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) and gene expression analyses. Fixed lungs were investigated by design-based stereology. In Dox-off the BAL-albumin, alveolar hypophase volume and tissue elastance slightly increased concomitantly with pro-inflammatory gene-expression profiles while inflammatory cells remained unchanged. Stereology demonstrated increased derecruited septa and folded BGB in Dox-off. While in Dox-on inspiratory unfolding of the BGB resulted in an increase of air-exposed alveolar epithelium, this mechanism was not prevalent in Dox-off where, instead, dilation of acinar airspaces occurred (mainly in the alveolar duct compartment). Inspiratory increases in surface area of the epithelial basal lamina were absent in both groups. In essence, while stretching was not observed in any group, inspiratory unfolding of the BGB is a dominant mechanism in healthy lungs but absent in SP-B deficiency.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex-Based Differences in Peak Oxygen Uptake Among Individuals with Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 心力衰竭患者峰值摄氧量的性别差异：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00153.2025

Rachel J Skow, Stephen J Foulkes, Jing Wang, Devyn Walesiak, Thomas McMurtry, Megan Kennedy, Martin Halle, Stephan Mueller, Isabel Fegers-Wustrow, Frank Edelmann, Corey R Tomczak, Mark J Haykowsky

{"title":"Sex-Based Differences in Peak Oxygen Uptake Among Individuals with Heart Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Rachel J Skow, Stephen J Foulkes, Jing Wang, Devyn Walesiak, Thomas McMurtry, Megan Kennedy, Martin Halle, Stephan Mueller, Isabel Fegers-Wustrow, Frank Edelmann, Corey R Tomczak, Mark J Haykowsky","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00153.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00153.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Heart failure (HF) studies examining peak oxygen uptake (VO2) have largely focused on males, leaving a significant gap in understanding of the magnitude and the mechanisms underpinning the impairment in females with HF. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examining sex differences in peak VO2 in HF. Methods: Studies were found through Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus and included if they compared peak VO2 in males and females with HF. Data extraction and methodological quality assessment were completed by two independent coders. Main outcomes and measures included peak VO2 (ml/kg/min, primary outcome) and its Fick determinants (secondary outcome). The weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated for each outcome between females and males. Results: After screening 1,579 articles, 33 studies were included. Peak VO2 was lower in females versus males (n=20,115, WMD: -2.1 ml/kg/min, 95% CI: -2.4 to -1.8 ml/kg/min). In studies reporting the Fick determinants, peak exercise cardiac output (n=1,219, WMD: -1.3 l/min, 95% CI: -1.7 to -1.0 l/min), stroke volume (n=1,151, WMD: -15.2 ml, 95% CI: -18.8 to -11.7 ml), and arterial-venous oxygen difference (n=1,131, WMD: -1.4 ml/dl, 95% CI: -2.3 to -0.5 ml/dl) were lower while peak heart rate was higher compared to males (n=10,103, WMD: 2.4 beats/min, 95% CI: 0.1 to 4.7 beats/min). Conclusions: The greater peak VO2 impairment among females with HF is likely due to lower peak exercise cardiac output and arterial-venous oxygen difference. Future research should prioritize interventions aimed at addressing these physiological constraints in females with HF.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The lipidome and proteome of high-density lipoprotein are altered in menopause. 绝经期高密度脂蛋白的脂质组和蛋白质组发生改变。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00120.2025

Satu Lehti, Tia-Marje Korhonen, Rabah Soliymani, Hanna Ruhanen, Emilia Lähteenmäki, Mari Palviainen, Pia Siljander, Maciej Lalowski, Reijo Käkelä, Maarit Lehti, Eija K Laakkonen

{"title":"The lipidome and proteome of high-density lipoprotein are altered in menopause.","authors":"Satu Lehti, Tia-Marje Korhonen, Rabah Soliymani, Hanna Ruhanen, Emilia Lähteenmäki, Mari Palviainen, Pia Siljander, Maciej Lalowski, Reijo Käkelä, Maarit Lehti, Eija K Laakkonen","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00120.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00120.2025","url":null,"abstract":"High-density lipoprotein particles (HDL) possess anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, cytoprotective, and anti-oxidative properties, thus protecting against cardiovascular diseases. Menopause is associated with changes in serum metabolome and HDL size distribution. We analyzed the protein and lipid composition of the HDL particles from pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women (N=216) with nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry to get a deeper insight into the composition of HDL in different stages of menopause. Both particle size and composition differed; in perimenopause, the proportion of small HDL particles (8.7 nm on average) was higher, and the proportion of large HDL particles (12.1 nm on average) was lower than in pre- or postmenopause. In perimenopause, each particle size class was enriched with triacylglycerols, and the calculated lipid class ratio of triacylglycerol/cholesteryl ester was the highest within perimenopausal HDL particles. This potentially affects HDL interaction with lipid-modifying enzymes. We also observed directionally opposite associations for HDL cholesteryl ester and unesterified cholesterol with systemic estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, especially regarding S-sized HDL particles, but not the hormone associations with HDL triacylglycerols. Perimenopausal HDL exhibited a lower proportion of apolipoproteins (apoA-I, apoA-II, apoC-I, apoC-III, apoD and apoE) per particle than premenopausal or postmenopausal HDL. In summary, we found that premenopausal and postmenopausal HDL particles were compositionally similar and differed from perimenopausal ones. We suggest that menopause, and especially the unbalanced hormonal state in perimenopause, are reflected in the lipid and protein compositions of the HDL, which, in turn, may affect the functions of the HDL particle during menopause.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Non-Nutritive Sweetner Erythritol Adversely Affects Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Function. 非营养性甜味剂赤藓糖醇对脑微血管内皮细胞功能有不利影响。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00276.2025

Auburn R Berry, Samuel T Ruzzene, Emily I Ostrander, Kendra N Wegerson, Nathalie O Fersiva, Madeleine F Stone, Whitney B Valenti, João E Izaias, Joshua P Holzer, Jared J Greiner, Vinicius P Garcia, Christopher A DeSouza

{"title":"The Non-Nutritive Sweetner Erythritol Adversely Affects Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell Function.","authors":"Auburn R Berry, Samuel T Ruzzene, Emily I Ostrander, Kendra N Wegerson, Nathalie O Fersiva, Madeleine F Stone, Whitney B Valenti, João E Izaias, Joshua P Holzer, Jared J Greiner, Vinicius P Garcia, Christopher A DeSouza","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00276.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00276.2025","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental aim of this study was to determine, in vitro, the effect of the non-nutritive sweetener erythritol on brain microvascular endothelial cell oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET)-1 production, as well as tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release. Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMECs) were cultured and treated with 6 mM of erythritol, equivalent to a typical amount of erythritol [30g] in an artificially sweetened beverage, for 3 hr. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was significantly higher in hCMECs treated with erythritol (204±32% vs 105±4%) as well as expression of antioxidant proteins superoxide dismutase-1 (332.1±16.2 vs 214.9±4.7 AU; P=0.002) and catalase (30.9±0.3 vs 24.4±0.9 AU; P=0.002). Although endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was not significantly altered (102.8±21.4 vs 99.0±19.9 AU); expression of p-eNOS (Ser1177) was lower (52.1± 2.1 vs 77.3±9.1 AU; P<0.001) and p-eNOS (Thr495) higher (63.4±8.0 vs 45.6±6.9 AU; P=0.006) in hCMECs treated with erythritol. Cell expression of Big ET-1 was also higher in erythritol-treated cells (56.4±9.8 vs 40.9±6.5 AU; P=0.02). Consequently, endothelial NO production was significantly lower (5.8±0.8 vs 7.3±0.7 μmol/L) and ET-1 production significantly higher (34.6±2.3 vs 26.9±1.5 pg/mL) in response to erythritol. t-PA release in response to thrombin was significantly blunted in erythritol treated (from 87.4±6.3 to 87.6±8.3 pg/mL) versus untreated (90.1±5.5 to 110.2±6.4 pg/mL) hCMECs. In summary, erythritol adversely affects oxidative stress, NO production, ET-1 production and t-PA release in brain microvascular endothelial cells; potentially contributing to the increased risk of ischemic stroke associated with erythritol.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of exercise on peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity during high altitude acclimatization. 运动对高原适应过程中高碳酸化学敏感性的影响。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2025

Jou-Chung Chang, Leah M Mann, Katherine M Taylor, Benjamin P Thompson, Scott T Thrall, Megan L Lance, Richard J A Wilson, Trevor A Day, Glen E Foster, Paolo B Dominelli

{"title":"Effects of exercise on peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity during high altitude acclimatization.","authors":"Jou-Chung Chang, Leah M Mann, Katherine M Taylor, Benjamin P Thompson, Scott T Thrall, Megan L Lance, Richard J A Wilson, Trevor A Day, Glen E Foster, Paolo B Dominelli","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Hypercapnic sensitivity of the peripheral chemoreceptors can be enhanced by sustained exposure to high altitude, leading to a greater ventilatory response to hypercapnic stimulus. Exercise is known to also increase peripheral hypercapnic chemosensitivity (PHC) in an intensity-independent manner. We sought to determine how sustained exposure to hypobaric hypoxia influences exercise-induced potentiation of PHC. Twenty-one healthy participants were recruited to complete a maximal and submaximal exercise test at both low altitude (LA; Calgary, Canada, 1100m) and high altitude (HA; La Paz, Bolivia, 3500m). Both tests were conducted on a cycle ergometer with submaximal tests following 2-5 days post arrival at LA and 6-10 days post arrival at HA. The PHC was assessed at rest and throughout two 10-minute submaximal exercise bouts by giving two breaths of a hypercapnic inspirate (10% CO2, 21%O2) and was repeated 5 times each separated by 40-60s. The PHC response was quantified as the quotient of the change in ventilation (⩒I) over the change in end-tidal PCO2 (PETCO2) following each hypercapnic stimulus. At HA, compared to LA, there was a greater resting ⩒I (15±3 vs 12±2 l•min-1, p=0.0016) and lower resting PETCO2 (27±3 vs 37±4 mmHg, p<0.0001). Resting PHC at HA was greater than LA (1.8±0.7 vs 0.9±0.4 l•min-1•mmHg-1, p<0.0001). The increase in PHC induced by exercise was not different between LA and HA (+38±60% vs +24±51%, p=0.18). Sustained high-altitude exposure increases resting PHC, and exercise at HA sensitizes the peripheral chemoreceptors to a similar extent as LA.","PeriodicalId":15160,"journal":{"name":"Journal of applied physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electronic Cigarette Use During Pregnancy Is Not Safe. 孕期使用电子烟不安全。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of applied physiology Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00812.2024

Eleanor J Mohler, Loren E Wold

引用次数: 0