Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A最新文献

{"title":"Extracellular Fibronectin and Hyaluronic Acid Effects on Tumorigenic Functions of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Jacob Heiss,&nbsp;Nina Treacher,&nbsp;Astha Lamichhane,&nbsp;Anju Rana Magar,&nbsp;Hossein Tavana","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37906","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extracellular matrix (ECM) in solid tumors provides structural support and signaling cues to cancer cells. Altered ECM in tumors promotes local invasion of cancer cells, a key step toward metastasis. Engineered tumor models that are used to study cancer invasion often focus on the effects of an individual ECM molecule on specific functions of cancer cells. However, how different components of ECM in a complex tumor model may co-regulate cancer invasion and the underlying signaling pathways is understudied. We developed a 3D tumor model of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to study the effects of fibronectin and hyaluronic acid, alone or in combination, on TNBC cell invasion of collagen-based hydrogels. Our focus on these molecules was due to their significance in breast tumors, disease progression, and association with worse outcomes in patients. Results showed that fibronectin and hyaluronic acid significantly increase collagen invasion of TNBC cells and oncogenic signaling but not in combination, potentially due to differences in the microstructure of the hydrogels. Fibronectin and hyaluronic acid in composite hydrogels also promoted drug resistance and cancer stemness. This study demonstrated the utility of a 3D tumor model for functional and mechanistic studies to define complex effects of ECM in solid cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.37906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Functional Peptide DPI-VTK Promotes Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration for Bone Regeneration","authors":"Eric J. Madsen,&nbsp;Seungmeen Rhee,&nbsp;Madison Wahlsten,&nbsp;Tia C. Calabrese,&nbsp;David H. Kohn","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37908","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Targeting specific populations of host cells with chemotactic and adhesion factors is a promising strategy for inducing bone regeneration without the use of exogenous cells. Two peptide sequences have been derived from phage display: the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) binding DPI (DPIYALSWSGMA) sequence and the apatite binding VTK (VTKHLNQISQSY) sequence. When combined into the dual-functional sequence, DPI-VTK increases the adhesion strength of MSCs to apatite surfaces and the amount of bone formation with transplanted MSCs. Because many adhesion molecules can stimulate chemotaxis, and cell adhesion to peptide DPI-VTK is mediated by integrins also critical to migration, we hypothesized that DPI-VTK serves as an MSC-specific chemotactic factor and can increase bone regeneration by promoting the osteogenesis of the migrated host MSCs in vivo. In transwell assays, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human MSCs (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and primary mouse calvarial cells (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) showed significantly increased migration in vitro when DPI-VTK was used as a chemoattractant. Further characterization of DPI-VTK binding cells from mouse calvaria using flow cytometry showed specificity toward cells expressing MSC markers (CD29, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD106, Sca-1, CD44, and CD200). When conjugated to a mineralized scaffold in vivo, DPI-VTK increased the migration of CD90 and CD200 positive cells (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and increased bone formation versus no-peptide controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). These results demonstrate the utility of phage display in creating multifunctional peptides that can increase migration, adhesion, and bone formation in vivo, a strategy that could be applied to numerous different cell types and systems. Results advance biomaterials-based bone regeneration in two ways—demonstrating the ability of the phage-derived peptides to increase the migration of MSCs in vivo and increase host-mediated bone regeneration—potentially bypassing cell transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.37908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P24 Loaded Gelatin-Hydroxyapatite-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold Induces Bone Regeneration by Activating the ERK/ELK1/PLA2G3 Pathway","authors":"Laihua Fu,&nbsp;Yuanxin Liu,&nbsp;Songfeng Xu,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Jing-yang Huang,&nbsp;Jin Qiu,&nbsp;Peng-zhou Huang,&nbsp;Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Ji-long Yang,&nbsp;Jian Song,&nbsp;Zhi-gang Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37891","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study examined the induction and mechanism of bone regeneration facilitated by the P24-loaded Gelatin-Hydroxyapatite-Tricalcium Phosphate (Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24)) scaffold. The prepared Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold was employed to treat human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Various assays were conducted to assess the impact of the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold on the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and angiogenesis in HUVECs. For mechanistic investigations, hBMSCs were exposed to both the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold and the ERK inhibitor SCH772984. A rat cranial bone defect model was treated through the implantation of the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold. Micro-computed tomography, histological staining, and immunofluorescence techniques were utilized to evaluate the effect of the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold on cranial bone regeneration. Osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was facilitated by the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold, as evidenced by increased ALP activity, enhanced Alizarin Red S staining, and upregulated RUNX2, OSX, OCN, and BMP2. Angiogenesis in HUVECs was induced, as demonstrated by improved migration, tube formation, and upregulated CD31. However, the ability of the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold to promote osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs was counteracted by SCH772984. In the rat cranial bone defect model, implantation of the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold reduced the bone defect area, increased the bone volume/tissue volume ratio, enhanced bone regeneration, decreased bone fibrosis, and upregulated CD31, RUNX2, and BMP2 in bone tissues. Therefore, the Gelatin-HA-TCP (P24) scaffold enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and promotes bone regeneration in cranial bone defects by activating the ERK/ELK1/PLA2G3 pathway. It has potential for bone regeneration therapies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Hydrogels From Porcine Extracellular Matrix for 3D Bioprinting of Adipose Tissue","authors":"Leonie Füge,&nbsp;Felix Schüssler,&nbsp;Jamina Gerhardus,&nbsp;Roxana Schwab,&nbsp;Gregory Harms,&nbsp;Annette Hasenburg,&nbsp;Andreas Blaeser,&nbsp;Walburgis Brenner,&nbsp;Katharina Peters","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37832","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the natural scaffold of all soft tissues in tissue engineering. Of special interest is the use of ECM as a hydrogel, which can be used to enclose cells and to be molded into any form by 3D bioprinting. Protocols for the preparation of ECM vary in the use of physical and chemical processing steps, the use of different detergents for decellularization, and the removal of DNA and RNA residues and show a different use of solvents and wash buffers. We have, therefore, compared seven different variations for the decellularization of a primary porcine isolate to manufacture decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) for their use in adipose tissue engineering and as a hydrogel in particular. Decellularization efficacy was assessed by DNA quantification while retention of ECM components was evaluated by measuring the content of hydroxyproline and glycosaminoglycan (GAGs). Depending on the decellularization protocol, the composition and DNA content of the resulting DAT were different. All DAT samples were processed into hydrogels to assess their mechanical properties as well as their influence on cellular metabolic activity and cell differentiation. The different compositions of the DAT and the resulting hydrogels had an effect on the stability and printability of the gels. Some DAT that were digested with hydrochloric acid (HCl) were more stable than those that were digested with acetic acid (AA). In addition, depending on the protocol, there was a clear effect on adipose-derived stem cells (ASC), endothelial cells and fibroblasts, cultured with the hydrogels. The differentiation of ASC to adipocytes could be achieved on most of the hydrogels. Human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) showed significantly better metabolic activity on hydrogels digested with HCl than digested with AA. HDMEC cultured on hydrogel #2 digested with HCl showed a 40% higher metabolic activity compared to collagen as a positive control, whereas culturing HDMEC on hydrogel #2 digested with AA resulted in a cellular metabolic activity loss of 60%. In a triculture of all three cell types, the formation of first tubular networks by HDMEC was achieved depending on the hydrogel used.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.37832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Mechanical Stability and Regulated Gentamicin-Release of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Nanofiber Membranes via Heat Treatment","authors":"Faizan E. Mustafa,&nbsp;Bong-Kee Lee","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37905","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For wound dressing applications, nanofiber membranes must have adequate mechanical strength when cultured in vitro for cell ingrowth and matrix production, and the ability to withstand stresses in vivo. Moreover, effective polymeric drug carriers must also regulate and prolong drug release while preserving drug stability. This study addresses these requirements by utilizing heat treatment (100°C for 2 h) to improve the mechanical stability and regulated drug-release characteristics of electrospun gentamicin-loaded polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CS) nanofiber membranes. Electrospinning solutions with varying gentamicin concentrations produced defect-free and uniform nanofibers. The nanofiber membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and tensile testing, and their in vitro biodegradation and drug-release behavior were investigated. Tensile results revealed that heat treatment improved the mechanical strength of PVA and PVA/CS nanofibers, with gentamicin-loaded samples maintaining stability post-treatment. Gentamicin in the heat-treated nanofiber membranes exhibited controlled drug-release profiles, with reduced initial burst release and sustained release for 25 h. Furthermore, drug release was found to occur through the Fickian diffusion mechanism based on the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. These findings demonstrate that heat treatment is effective for achieving mechanical stability and regulated drug release, making it a safe alternative to chemical cross-linking for the biomedical applications of drug-loaded PVA/CS nanofiber membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.37905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen- and Hyaluronic Acid-Based Microneedles With Thiolated Pectin for Redox-Responsive Drug Delivery","authors":"Wenting Long,&nbsp;Jomon George Joy,&nbsp;Seung-Jun Lee,&nbsp;Jin-Chul Kim","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37903","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microneedles have emerged as an effective strategy to bypass the stratum corneum by creating microchannels in the skin, allowing for enhanced drug permeation with minimal invasiveness. Pectin, a natural polysaccharide, when modified with thiol (-SH) groups, exhibits redox-sensitive behavior, making it responsive to reducing agents such as glutathione and dithiothreitol (DTT). The objective of this study was to investigate the transdermal delivery efficacy of redox-responsive microneedle-containing thiolated pectin. Various molar ratios of thiolated pectin were synthesized through the ring-opening reaction followed by nucleophilic substitution of propylene sulfide with pectin. MN matrices were formulated with thiolated pectin at various molar ratios, hyaluronic acid, collagen, and trehalose. The stiffness and mechanical strength of the microneedles increased with higher thiol-containing pectin molecules. The in vitro skin permeation release showed a large amount of FITC release when no thiol group was conjugated to pectin. MN-thio: pectin (20:10) with H₂O₂ showed greater release at higher DTT concentrations, and in the absence of DTT, the release was 50 times less than without thiol. In summary, the redox-responsive microneedle containing thiolated pectin may be a promising vehicle for transdermal drug delivery by harvesting the reducing agents in the human body.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Porous Coating Method of Commercially Pure Titanium Using Silk Fibroin and UV Light for Biomedical Implant Applications","authors":"Olatunji Ajiteru,&nbsp;Kyu Young Choi,&nbsp;Fatma Nur Depboylu,&nbsp;Ji Seung Lee,&nbsp;Ok Joo Lee,&nbsp;Moon Sik Oh,&nbsp;Soon Hee Kim,&nbsp;Feza Korkusuz,&nbsp;Chan Hum Park","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37887","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surface coatings for titanium implants have been actively investigated using numerous materials to improve biocompatibility and osteointegration. This study developed a novel porous coating method for titanium implants; we coated commercially pure titanium (Cp-Ti) using the photocurable properties of methacrylated silk fibroin (SilMA). Surface morphologies and alloying chemistry after coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS, while the biocompatibility of the SilMA-coated Cp-Ti was evaluated by the CCK-8 and live/dead assays. With various SilMA concentrations, uniform and strong SilMA coatings were obtained by UV light for both thin and thick coating methods. A universal mechanical testing machine evaluated the mechanical properties of SilMA coating. The interface adhesive strength of the coating taken by advanced centrifugal measurement was enhanced as the SilMA concentration increased. Cell cytotoxicity test results for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days revealed no toxic behavior in human dermal fibroblast cells. Cells on the SilMA-coated Cp-Ti revealed a higher proliferation and survival rate than those on the titanium without coating. These results show that this versatile coating method offers a tightly adhered bioactive coating of silk fibroin on titanium implants, demonstrating the potential for a universal coating method for use in a wide range of biomedical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Fibrin Targeting Colloid-Mediated Intra-Articular Repair","authors":"Grant Scull,&nbsp;Jacob D. Thompson,&nbsp;Melika Osareh,&nbsp;Ysabel Rey,&nbsp;Adrian Aligwekwe,&nbsp;Sofie Finkelstein,&nbsp;Lauren V. Schnabel,&nbsp;Matthew B. Fisher,&nbsp;Ashley Brown","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Musculoskeletal knee injuries are common and debilitating, with the most prevalent soft tissue injuries being anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal tears. These tears do not heal well naturally, and biological therapies involving scaffolds are often unsuccessful, due in part to the synovial fluid environment of the joint. Viscous synovial fluid contains high concentrations of degradative enzymes, including plasmin, which prevents the stable formation of provisional fibrin scaffolds. Lack of provisional scaffold formation prevents bridging of torn tissue and subsequent remodeling for permanent tissue repair. Coagulation factors such as fibrinogen and thrombin, reinforced with synthetic platelet-like particles (PLPs), can be introduced to synovial fluid to promote fibrin scaffold formation. PLPs bind to and retract fibrin fibers to enhance stiffness, density, and stability of fibrin scaffolds. Therefore, the objective of this work is to investigate the role of PLPs in enhancing fibrin scaffold formation and degradation capabilities within synovial fluid and to characterize the resulting scaffold structure, density, and mechanics. We investigated effects in synovial fluid with high or low viscosity, as viscosity can change with injury and can vary between individuals. Following the addition of clotting factors and PLPs to synovial fluid, we found an increase in fibrin scaffold density, structure, and maximum mechanics for low viscosity, but not high viscosity, synovial fluid groups. Furthermore, by lowering the viscosity of synovial fluid with hyaluronidase, the increase in scaffold density following PLP addition was restored, indicating the strong role of synovial fluid viscosity on stable scaffold formation. This technology contributes to the development of a more robust fibrin-based therapy for intra-articular musculoskeletal injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.37901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure Change and Mechanical Performance of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Stents","authors":"Rudolph J. Kashinga,&nbsp;Xuezhi Cao,&nbsp;Lukas Masseling,&nbsp;Felix Vogt,&nbsp;Nicole Schaaps,&nbsp;Liguo Zhao","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37904","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Currently, percutaneous coronary intervention, based on stenting, is employed to provide scaffolding support to correct occlusion and diminished blood supply caused by atherosclerosis. To guarantee procedural efficacy and enhanced structural integrity of stents, further developments of stent materials and manufacturing methods are particularly required. In this paper, 316L stainless steel stents fabricated by additive manufacturing are studied through heat treatment, microstructural characterization, and mechanical deformation in vitro. After solution heat treatment conducted at 1200°C for durations ranging from 1 to 4 h, coarsening of columnar grains and changes in the grain boundary characters were observed, indicating the potential of microstructure modification through heat treatment. Electrochemical polishing can effectively improve surface quality by dissolving surface imperfections caused by partially sintered powders and uneven solidification processes, characteristics of additively manufactured parts. Mechanical deformation behaviors are evaluated by expansion tests before and after heat treatment. Specifically, free expansion tests are carried out to assess the mechanical performance of the stent alone, while in vitro mechanical performances are evaluated using silicone arteries filled with silicone plaques, corresponding to a stenosis rate of 70%. Coarsened grain microstructures in heat-treated stents lead to improved expansion flexibility, reduced dog-boning ratio, and slightly increased recoil, as compared to the as-printed stents. Results demonstrate the viability of improving the mechanical performance of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel stents through heat treatment process.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and Inexpensive Image-Guided Grayscale Biomaterial Customization via LCD Printing","authors":"Ryan M. Francis,&nbsp;Irina Kopyeva,&nbsp;Nicholas Lai,&nbsp;Shiyu Yang,&nbsp;Jeremy R. Filteau,&nbsp;Xinru Wang,&nbsp;David Baker,&nbsp;Cole A. DeForest","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.37897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.37897","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hydrogels are an important class of biomaterials that permit cells to be cultured and studied within engineered microenvironments of user-defined physical and chemical properties. Though conventional 3D extrusion and stereolithographic (SLA) printing readily enable homogeneous and multimaterial hydrogels to be formed with specific macroscopic geometries, strategies that further afford spatiotemporal customization of the underlying gel physicochemistry in a non-discrete manner would be profoundly useful toward recapitulating the complexity of native tissue in vitro. Here, we demonstrate that grayscale control over local biomaterial biochemistry and mechanics can be rapidly achieved across large constructs using an inexpensive (~$300) and commercially available liquid crystal display (LCD)-based printer. Template grayscale images are first processed into a “height-extruded” 3D object, which is then printed on a standard LCD printer with an immobile build head. As the local height of the 3D object corresponds to the final light dosage delivered at the corresponding <i>xy</i>-coordinate, this method provides a route toward spatially specifying the extent of various dosage-dependent and biomaterial, forming/modifying photochemistries. Demonstrating the utility of this approach, we photopattern the grayscale polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) diacrylate gels, biochemical functionalization of agarose- and PEG-based gels via oxime ligation, and the controlled 2D adhesion and 3D growth of cells in response to a <i>de novo</i>-designed α5β1-modulating protein via thiol-norbornene click chemistry. Owing to the method's low cost, simple implementation, and high compatibility with many biomaterial photochemistries, we expect this strategy will prove useful toward fundamental biological studies and functional tissue engineering alike.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}