Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A最新文献

{"title":"Mechanism of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Matrix for Articular Cartilage Repair","authors":"Nian Sun,&nbsp;Ze Zhang,&nbsp;Long Li,&nbsp;ShuSen Liu,&nbsp;BoWen Fu,&nbsp;CanJun Zeng","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Articular cartilage injuries present a significant clinical challenge due to the tissue's limited self-repair capacity and the inadequacy of current regenerative strategies. This study aimed to investigate whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular matrix (BM–ECM) enhances cartilage repair and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involving ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7). Rat BMSCs were isolated and characterized, and decellularized BM–ECM was prepared. Cartilage defects in a rat model were treated with GelMA hydrogel scaffolds loaded with BMSCs and BM–ECM. Histological evaluation demonstrated that the BM–ECM composite scaffold significantly improved cartilage repair. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that BM–ECM promoted chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, an effect closely associated with USP7 activity. Overexpression of USP7 enhanced ECM synthesis and chondrogenesis, whereas USP7 knockdown diminished these processes and abolished the prochondrogenic benefits of BM–ECM. In conclusion, BM–ECM facilitates cartilage regeneration, with USP7 playing a central role in mediating its chondro-supportive effects, offering a promising therapeutic target for cartilage repair.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Biofilm Properties of Polyurethane Biomaterials Tethered With Small Molecules via Polyethylene Glycol Linker","authors":"Jiale Liu,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Booth,&nbsp;Matthew Lanza,&nbsp;Dongxiao Sun,&nbsp;Harry R. Allcock,&nbsp;Christopher A. Siedlecki,&nbsp;Li-Chong Xu","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofilm-associated microbial infection is one of the main complications for long-term use of biomaterials in implantable medical devices. Bacterial intracellular nucleotide second messenger signaling is widely recognized to be involved in biofilm formation and assists bacteria in monitoring and responding appropriately to changing environments. Interference with the nucleotide signaling mechanisms by small molecules to interrupt biofilm formation provides a novel way to control microbial infection on biomaterial surfaces. This study reports an approach to tether small molecule derivatives of 4-arylazo-3,5-diamino-1 H-pyrazole (termed as SP02 and SP03) on polyurethane biomaterial surfaces using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker. Compared to our previous approach to tether small molecules on surfaces using a short hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) linker, the new modification resulted in surfaces enriched with a higher density of small molecules, SP02 and SP03. Studies of <i>S. epidermidis</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> biofilm formation on surfaces demonstrated that PEG-linked surfaces were more resistant to biofilm formation than the HMDI-linked surfaces. The analysis of intracellular nucleotides in biofilm cells showed that the PEG-linked surfaces significantly reduced c-di-AMP levels in <i>S. epidermidis</i> cells and c-di-GMP levels in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> cells. In vivo experiments with a 7-day subcutaneous rat model suggest that the new small molecule tethered surfaces by the extended PEG linkers show increased resistance to microbial infection and are biocompatible to tissues. Overall, the results suggest that the PEG long linker can be used to tether small molecules on polyurethane biomaterial surfaces and retain the activity of small molecules, providing a new approach to combat microbial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147523223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cobalt-Doped Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Orchestrates Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Signals via Hypoxia-Mimetic Signaling","authors":"Luísa Camilo Suter,&nbsp;Gerson Santos de Almeida,&nbsp;Matheus Luquirini Penteado dos Santos,&nbsp;Maria Gabriela Jacheto Carra,&nbsp;Marcel Rodrigues Ferreira,&nbsp;Margarida Juri Saeki,&nbsp;Willian Fernando Zambuzzi","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We engineered a cobalt-doped biphasic calcium phosphate (CoBCP) by combining monetite-derived pyrophosphate and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with lattice-incorporated Co²⁺, and evaluated its physicochemical profile and in vitro bioactivity relevant to bone regeneration. Thermoanalytical (TGA/DTA), X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement, and FTIR/Raman confirmed monetite-pyrophosphate conversion after calcination, phase-pure β-TCP, and an approximately equimolar Co-containing biphasic composition in CoBCP; SEM/EDX verified appropriate microstructure and cobalt incorporation. Conditioned-medium assays in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts demonstrated cytocompatibility (MTT, crystal violet) and preserved collective migration (wound healing), with CoBCP, BCP, and CoCaP 1100 matching osteogenic medium in 24-h gap closure. Gene expression revealed that CoBCP selectively coordinated early proliferation and osteogenic–angiogenic programs: CDK2 was strongly induced at 3 and 7 days (≈300-fold at day 7 vs. control), RUNX2 rose across groups with BCP/CoBCP approximating osteogenic medium at day 7, and ALP was disproportionately elevated by CoBCP (~8-fold at day 3; ~400-fold at day 7). VEGF was sensitive among ceramics, with modest induction in CoCaP and CoBCP at day 3 and pronounced upregulation in TCP and BCP at day 7, while HIF-1α was highest in CoCaP at day 7, consistent with hypoxia-mimetic signaling. Cytoskeletal/adhesion transcripts diverged over time: β-TCP/BCP upregulated Src and Cofilin at day 7, whereas CoBCP selectively increased FAK, suggesting maturing focal-adhesion signaling. Gelatin zymography detected MMP-2/-9 activity across all groups with comparable magnitudes during the early window. Collectively, CoBCP provides a cytocompatible, bioactive milieu that synchronizes proliferation, adhesion, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis, supporting its potential use in orthopedic and dental bone regeneration; future work will map cobalt dose–response and ion release, and validate efficacy and safety in direct-contact and in vivo models.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.70070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, Distribution, and Pharmacokinetics of Biodegradable P(AAm-co-MAA) Nanogels Following Systemic Administration in Mice","authors":"Rana Ajeeb,&nbsp;Harsh Joshi,&nbsp;Mojtaba Ghanbari Mehrabani,&nbsp;Christopher Pierce,&nbsp;John R. Clegg","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70072","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematic analysis of the fate of hydrogel nanoparticles after in vivo administration is essential for their clinical translation. Biodegradable, disulfide-crosslinked synthetic nanogels are a promising platform for the delivery of therapeutic molecules, but their biodistribution and clearance profiles remain underexplored compared to other solid nanoparticles. In this study, we investigated the safety, pharmacokinetics, tissue, and cellular distribution profiles of poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (P(AAm-co-MAA)) nanogels following a single intravenous or intraperitoneal injection. The nanogels exhibited rapid clearance from plasma, followed by early distribution primarily to the kidneys, liver, and small intestine. Within the liver, the nanogels showed preferential uptake by endothelial cells and resident macrophages. We further revealed organ-specific differences in nanogel retention and clearance, with highly perfused organs demonstrating parallel clearance behavior with plasma, while organs such as the kidneys and small intestine served as sites of longer nanogel retention. Single injections of P(AAm-co-MAA) nanogel suspension did not induce any systemic innate immune activation nor organ-specific toxicity, demonstrating a promising safety profile. These findings provide new insights into the in vivo behavior of redox-responsive nanogels and provide a framework for their rational design and clinical translation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tiger Tongue-Inspired Bionic Microneedle Patch With Dual Mechanical-Pharmacological Functions for Enhanced Wound Healing","authors":"Yangguang Niu,&nbsp;Jingyuan Ren,&nbsp;Kangxun Zhao,&nbsp;Tianqi Ma,&nbsp;Yanting Wang,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Chenhui Zheng,&nbsp;Lijuan Chen,&nbsp;Yingting Li,&nbsp;Xiaoping Cao,&nbsp;Ling Xu,&nbsp;Xueqiu You","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective skin wound healing requires reliable fixation and infection prevention. Inspired by the inclined papillary structure of the tiger's tongue, we developed a biomimetic microneedle patch that integrates mechanical stability with antibacterial function. The patch was fabricated via thermal pressing of polylactic acid (PLA) microneedles followed by localized drug loading at the microneedle tips. Its design includes a clamping structure, a dual-array of inclined drug-releasing PLA microneedles, a nonwoven fabric base, and a flexible adhesive layer. In vitro tests demonstrated a penetration force of 0.25 N, enhanced fixation through biomimetic interlocking, and controlled drug release for antibacterial effects. In vivo studies using a male Wistar rat model showed that the patch secured wounds, reduced inflammation, and promoted collagen deposition. These results demonstrate that this drug-loaded biomimetic microneedle patch promotes the healing of full-thickness skin wounds and exhibits superior efficacy compared to drug-free biomimetic microneedle treatments. This study advances wound care by combining biomechanical and pharmacological strategies. Future work will optimize biocompatibility and explore clinical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Assembling Hydrogel for Controlled Release of bFGF and Ang-1 Mimetic Peptide Promotes Neurovascular Repair in Ischemic Stroke Rats","authors":"Ange Nie,&nbsp;Weihong Nie,&nbsp;Na Zhou,&nbsp;Ran Li,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Chunying Shi,&nbsp;Haicheng Yuan","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Self-assembling peptide hydrogels represent a promising strategy for growth factor delivery and tissue repair, with the advantage of sustained release and micro-environment response characteristics. In the present study, a multiple biofunctional self-assembling hydrogels-FGFP/TIMP-AMP was constructed, which comprised three key components: (1) a basic fibroblast growth factor-mimetic peptide (FGFP), (2) an angiopoietin-1-mimetic peptide (AMP), and (3) a microenvironment-responsive TIMP sequence designed to target MMP-2. The FGFP/TIMP-AMP could assemble into a hydrogel under physiological conditions with a suitable pore size for cell growth. In vitro, it significantly promoted HUVEC migration and tube formation. Using a PC12 deprivation of oxygen and glucose (OGD) model, it effectively reduced apoptosis and protected against hypoxia. Furthermore, the bFGF/TIMP-AMP assembling hydrogels enhanced neuronal survival, vascular regeneration, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) repair in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. These morphological improvements further promoted the recovery of motor function in behavioral tests. Therefore, these results highlighted the therapeutic potential of FGFP/TIMP-AMP assembling hydrogel for the repair of ischemic stroke.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147501077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber-Reinforced Composites for Vaginal Tissue Engineering Applications","authors":"Samyuktha S. Kolluru,&nbsp;Abir Hamdaoui,&nbsp;Annabella M. Mascot,&nbsp;Siobhan S. Sutcliffe,&nbsp;Jerry L. Lowder,&nbsp;Michelle L. Oyen,&nbsp;Samantha G. Zambuto","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The vagina is a fibromuscular tube-shaped organ that plays critical roles in menstruation, pregnancy, and female sexual health. Vaginal tissue constituents, including cells and extracellular matrix components, contribute to tissue structure, function, and prevention of injury and pathology. However, much microstructural function remains unknown, including how the fiber-cell and cell–cell interactions influence macromechanical properties. A deeper understanding of these interactions will provide critical information needed to reduce and prevent vaginal pathologies. Our objective for this work is to design a novel tissue-mimicking biomaterial for vaginal tissue engineering, and characterize its biological and mechanical performance in the vaginal microenvironment. We successfully created fiber-reinforced hydrogels of gelatin-elastin electrospun fibers infiltrated with gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels. Further, we extensively characterized its relevant mechanical behavior, including tensile and tear properties. We also demonstrate initial biocompatibility and stability of the composites using primary vaginal epithelial cells in acidic vaginal conditions. This work significantly advances progress in vaginal tissue engineering by developing a physiologically relevant novel material with tunable properties, equipped to investigate biomechanical and cellular mechanisms underlying vaginal function, pathology, and therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters on the Compressive Properties of Porous PEEK and PEKK Biomaterials","authors":"Abigail E. Tetteh,&nbsp;James A. Smith,&nbsp;Daniel A. Porter,&nbsp;Matthew A. Di Prima,&nbsp;Steven M. Kurtz","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Additive manufacturing (AM) can create orthopedic devices with integrated porosity that enables bone fixation post-implantation. While porosity is key in promoting bone ingrowth and long-term fixation, the device must provide adequate mechanical strength and functionality. Since AM process parameters dictate the final mechanical performance of printed parts, identifying key process parameter levels that preserve or improve such behavior in load-bearing devices with integrated porosity is essential. Using a Taguchi design of experiments, gyroid-structured polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and polyether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) specimens were fabricated via fused filament fabrication (FFF) AM to examine the impact of nozzle temperature (<i>T</i>_N), chamber temperature (<i>T</i>_Ch), and layer height (LH) on their compressive mechanical behavior. In addition to compression testing, the printed specimens were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and micro-computed tomography. Elevated processing conditions, specifically high <i>T</i>_Ch combined with thick LH, can enhance heat retention, slow crystallization, increase strut thickness, and improve bonding at strut junctions, enabling porous PEEK and PEKK to withstand higher compressive loads. The elastic moduli of all the porous specimens were more sensitive to variations in processing conditions than their yield strength. Notably, the more amorphous PEKK specimens achieved over 87%–88% of PEEK's calculated elastic modulus in this study and 87%–90% of the yield strength without undergoing annealing. These results are promising, considering that, like PEEK, the elastic modulus of the porous PEKK fell within the range of trabecular bone, while its yield strength surpassed that of trabecular bone.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Perspective in Nanocellulose-Based Materials for Biomineralization and Strategies for Bone Repair","authors":"Jonathan Michel Barba Godinez,&nbsp;Ernesto Tinajero-Díaz,&nbsp;Maria Soledad Peresin,&nbsp;Zaira Yunuen García Carvajal,&nbsp;Diego Gomez-Maldonado","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70060","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repairing large bone defects is a significant clinical challenge. In this context, cellulose nanomaterials, such as bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), cellulose nanofibrils (CNF), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), have emerged as promising alternatives due to their natural origin and mechanical properties. Particularly noteworthy is their chemical malleability, which thereby confers specific functionalities. This comprehensive literature review evaluates the efficacy of nanocellulose scaffolds for the repair of critical bone defects, with a focus on the impact of surface modifications. The effects of inserting bioactive functional groups and adding metal ions are analyzed in vitro and in vivo models. The parameters evaluated include material mineralization (production and precipitation of biogenic apatite, Ca/P ratio), cell adhesion and proliferation, bioadsorption, degradation, and toxicity. The results discussed provide valuable insights into the chemical and biological processes of bone formation, supporting a new paradigm: cellulose is no longer just an “eco-friendly filler” but has become a programmable structural scaffold. The trends highlighted in this review open new avenues for the treatment of bone diseases and tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.a.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix-Dependent Effects of Phytic Acid on Konjac Glucomannan and Hyaluronic Acid Films for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Lidia Zasada,&nbsp;Ipek Gencer,&nbsp;Dorota Chmielniak,&nbsp;Maria Swiontek Brzezinska,&nbsp;Monika Wróbel,&nbsp;Katarzyna Dembińska,&nbsp;Anna Sobiepanek,&nbsp;Ugo D'Amora,&nbsp;Beata Kaczmarek-Szczepańska","doi":"10.1002/jbm.a.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.a.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic wounds and bacterial infections present significant challenges in tissue regeneration, demanding the development of advanced bioactive materials that balance biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and tunable physical properties. This study explores the multifunctional role of phytic acid (PA) when incorporated into biopolymer films based on konjac glucomannan (KG) and hyaluronic acid (HA), focusing on how the matrix composition modulates PA's effects on film properties relevant to biomedical applications. PA incorporation significantly influenced water uptake, mechanical strength, and surface characteristics in a matrix-dependent manner. In HA-based films, PA promoted matrix compaction, reduced water content, and enhanced antioxidant activity, whereas in KG-based films, PA induced an increase in water retention and less pronounced antioxidant effects. Surface energy and wettability were favorably altered by PA in both systems, supporting potential improvements in cell–material interactions. Cytocompatibility assays confirmed the nontoxic nature of the films, with KG-based formulations demonstrating higher metabolic compatibility. Notably, PA incorporation suppressed bacterial metabolic activity in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, especially in HA-based matrices, while <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> remained largely unaffected. These results underscore the potential of PA as a tunable additive and natural crosslinking agent and highlight the importance of polymer selection in optimizing film functionality. Finally, this work offers valuable insights into the development of sustainable, bioactive materials suitable for tissue engineering such as wound healing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15142,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A","volume":"114 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147370821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}