Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials最新文献

{"title":"Resveratrol-loaded PCL-PEG/GO/HAP biocomposite bone membranes: Evaluation of mechanical properties, release kinetics, and cellular response.","authors":"Betül Meryem Arpacay, Fatih Ciftci, Ali Can Özarslan, Mustafa Unal, Mine Kucak, Aslihan Yelkenci","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314087","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, biocomposite membranes were developed by incorporating resveratrol (RSV)-loaded PCL-PEG composites, modified with graphene oxide (GO) and hydroxyapatite (HAP). The aim was to enhance hydrophilicity with GO and improve bioactivity with HAP. The release kinetics of RSV was evaluated by using Franz diffusion cells and compared with various kinetic models, including Korsmeyer-Peppas, Higuchi, and Baker, all of which showed high correlation coefficients (<i>R</i>²) close to 0.99. Mechanical tests was performed to determine the suitability of these membranes for tissue engineering applications. The composite membrane modified with GO and HAP exhibited tensile strength of 105.2 ± 5.8 MPa, tensile modulus of 3895 ± 159 MPa, elongation at break of 8.4 ± 0.9%, and toughness of 5.88 ± 0.46 MJ/m³. In vitro cell adhesion studies, visualized using DAPI fluorescence staining, demonstrated increased cell adhesion to the composite membranes over periods of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. These findings highlight the potential of the RSV-loaded PCL-PEG membranes, enhanced with GO and HAP, for applications in bone tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of multi-pass friction stir alloying on characterization of AZ91D alloy-based dual reinforcement bio-ceramic nano-composites.","authors":"Surendra Kumar Patel, Guoxin Dai, Lu Liu, Zhen Sun, Lei Shi","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314086","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In current study, microstructural, mechanical and corrosion behaviour were investigated with incorporation of dual reinforced AZ91D surface composites. This research was carried out for enhancement of the bio-degradability in biological environment. The surface composites were successfully fabricated by friction stir processing method with a rotation speed of 800 rpm, travel speed of 80 mm/min and 2.5° tilt angle at multi-passes. The surface properties were characterized via optical, SEM, EDS, XRD and EBSD techniques. The microstructure showed that the reinforcements were equally distributed into the surface matrix after 3-passes for sets of composites. After 3-passes FSP average grain diameter of the composite C (1.61 μm) was smaller than that of composite A (1.86 μm) and composite B (1.63 μm), because of the strong shear deformation and generated friction heat, which occurred via dynamic recrystallization between grains in the processed zones. The microhardness of Composite C (162 Hv) has a higher than the composite A (125.2 Hv) and composite B (146.2 Hv). The ultimate tensile strength of composite A (152.7 MPa) was greater than that of composite B (133 MPa) and composite C (111.3 MPa). Furthermore, the corrosion resistance at 7, 15 and 30 days of immersion of composite C was higher than that of composite A and composite B, because of the domino effects and better bio-mineralization with the addition of Y₂O₃ and ZrO₂ particles. The typically worn surface revealed reduced deep pits, pits and cracks due to better ionization of the hydrogen generated during immersion. Finally, this research was carried out for treatment of bone defects and fractures as well as improving corrosion resistance of the mg-containing biocompatible implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functionalization of nanoceria a dual approach to anticancer and antifungal applications.","authors":"Salama A Yaseen, Faizaa A Saif, Prabhakar B Undre","doi":"10.1177/22808000251354888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251354888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them suitable for various applications, particularly in biomedicine. To enhance their compatibility with biological systems, we functionalized these nanoparticles with selected amino acids, which significantly improved their potential for biomedical use, as our findings show. Cerium oxide has a fluorite-type structure and can exist in both trivalent and tetravalent states. Notably, cerium oxide also serves as an effective radioprotectant, offering selective protection to normal cells over tumor cells. The present embodiment provides functionalized cerium oxide nanoflakes with a plurality of amino acids. The surface modification by amino acids has been studied and characterized with various techniques. The cytotoxicity and the biological activity of nanoceria and the functionalization of nanoceria were evaluated. The result of this investigation shows the change in morphology structure and optical properties. The anticancer activity of the samples shows significant results against the MCF-7 and SCC-29B cell lines overall. In the case of comparing pure and functionalized nanoceria in the microbial study, the functionalization of nanoceria shows better significance by improving biological activity in some cases than synthesized/pure nanoceria and becomes suitable for biomedical applications. Therefore, the results show that the functionalization of nanoceria plays an important role in manufacturing and the possibility of using it as a therapeutic compound in the future to improve the public health of society.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251354888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pull-out bond strength and microleakage of lithium disilicate onlay with and without immediate dentin sealing.","authors":"Aruna Krishnan, Nishitha Arun, Mohammad Fareed, Nisha Manila, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.1177/22808000251329112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251329112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective adhesion between dentin and resin materials is essential for the long-term durability of onlays, as the strength and durability of the tooth-restoration complex hinge on reliable adhesion. This study aims to enhance the adhesion of lithium disilicate onlays by employing immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and evaluates its effectiveness by comparing pull-out bond strength and microleakage with and without IDS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Extracted human premolars were prepared and categorized into two distinct groups: Group A (with IDS) and Group B (without IDS). In Group A, the dentin surfaces were sealed immediately after tooth preparation using an adhesive resin. In Group B, no sealing was performed before bonding the lithium disilicate restorations. Pull-out bond strength was assessed utilizing universal testing machine. Microleakage was evaluated through dye penetration analysis after thermocycling and sectioning of the samples. For statistical interpretation, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pull-out bond strength was significantly higher in Group A compared to Group B (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Microleakage evaluation revealed less dye penetration in Group A, indicating superior marginal integrity with IDS. The high-resolution images provided clearer visualization of the interfaces and the extent of dye penetration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immediate dentin sealing significantly enhances the pull-out bond strength of lithium disilicate onlay and reduces microleakage. These findings suggest that IDS is a beneficial step in the bonding protocol for lithium disilicate restorations, potentially improving the longevity and performance of the restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251329112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cranioplasty infection in porous hydroxyapatite: Potential antibacterial properties.","authors":"Ismail Zaed, Corrado Iaccarino, Francesca Faedo, Laura Grillini, Elisabetta Galassi, Alessandro Dotti, Angelo Nataloni, Francesca Carolina Mannella, Andrea Cardia","doi":"10.1177/22808000241311389","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000241311389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intensive research is dedicated to the development of novel biomaterials and medical devices to be used as grafts in reconstructive surgery, with the purpose of enhancing their therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and durability. A variety of biomaterials, from autologous bone to polymethylmetacrylate, polyether ether ketone, titanium, and calcium-based ceramics are used in cranioplasty. Porous hydroxyapatite (PHA) is reported as a possible material for bone reconstruction, with good signs of biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteointegrative properties. In the present paper we studied the possible antibacterial properties of PHA in a laboratory test in order to provide a possible overview of the occurrence of post-operative infections in PHA cranioplasty.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The test method has been designed to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of specimens under dynamic contact conditions to overcome difficulties in ensuring contact of inoculum to the specimen surface. The test was conducted using <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC6538 as a bacterial strain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two experimental sets were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the specimens against two different <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> concentrations. The first preliminary test (a) verified the antibacterial property at 0, 1, 2, and 4 h of contact time; the second confirmatory test (b) was repeated to verify the antibacterial property at 0, 4, 8 h. In the first experiment, after the first hour of contact, the bacterial inoculum was reduced by 7.96% compared to \"inoculum only,\" which increased to 26.11% at the second hour, and up to 52.33% after 4 h. In the second experiment, the confirmation test showed that bacterial growth reaches maximum inhibition after 4 h of contact. At 4 h, there was a higher bacterial reduction of 72.93%, which decreased at 8 h (36.45%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Analyzing the growth trend of viable microorganisms under Dynamic Contact Conditions it can be seen that PHA cranioplasty appears to inhibit exponential growth by inducing bacterial stasis in the early hours of contact, reaching a maximum reduction within 4 h, in this adopted experimental condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000241311389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Less cytotoxic phthalocyanine derivative promotes in vitro wound healing compared to chlorhexidine.","authors":"Caique Andrade Santos, Adriano de Souza Pessoa, Fabiano Vieira Vilhena, Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira, Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos, Carla Andreotti Damante, Mariana Schutzer Ragghianti Zangrando","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314630","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of adjunct chemical substances in the early postoperative period of periodontal surgical procedures is recommended due to the potential risk of trauma in the operated area. Chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash is widely used but can cause adverse effects. Phthalocyanine derivatives are being studied as an alternative, demonstrating good antimicrobial activity, especially in the self-activated form, which does not require additional light or chemicals. The objective of this study is to compare the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of a phthalocyanine (PHY) with chlorhexidine (CHX) and assess their influence on fibroblast cell migration. Different concentrations of CHX and PHY (0.0075%-0.12%) were evaluated using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT and crystal violet (CV) assay; CHX and PHY (0.0075% and 0.12%) were also evaluated by in vitro wound healing assay. PHY was less cytotoxic compared to CHX, based on cell viability assays. PHY did not interfere with experimental healing, allowing cell migration similar to the positive control with both concentrations (PHY 0.0075% and 0.12%) and only 0.0075% CHX allowed cell migration. In a comparative analysis, PHY showed less cytotoxicity than CHX and PHY concentrations of 0.0075% and 0.015% was non-toxic even after 48 h of contact with the cells. This in vitro evaluation demonstrated that PHY was less cytotoxic to NIH 3T3 fibroblasts compared to CHX. Furthermore, the different concentrations of PHY did not interfere negatively in the healing of experimental wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-layered electrospun grafts for surgical repair: Biomimicking physiological ascending aortic compliance.","authors":"Julia Krammer, Maximilian Pichlmaier, Jan Stana, Christian Hagl, Sven Peterss, Maximilian Grab, Linda Grefen","doi":"10.1177/22808000251316728","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251316728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Commercially available Dacron (woven polyester) grafts are used for routine open surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysms. Despite durable and biocompatible, these grafts do not reproduce the natural mechanical properties of the aorta. Therefore, the aim of this project was to develop an innovative graft that additionally exhibits physiological aortic compliance. To achieve this result, multi-layered tubular aortic grafts were created by electrospinning of a thermoplastic polyurethane. To reduce permeability, a gelatin-coating was added. Three groups (G_1-3; <i>n</i> = 5) with varying layer designs were evaluated regarding the main mechanical properties of vascular grafts such as suture retention strength, permeability and static and dynamic compliance. G₃, which combined electrospinning with a stable silicone-coated inlay was chosen for the fabrication of medical grade thermoplastic polyurethane grafts (G_m; <i>n</i> = 6). Dynamic compliance values of 19.68 ± 11.5%/100 mmHg (50-90 mmHg), 15.18 ± 8.7%/100 mmHg (80-120 mmHg) and 14.56 ± 7.4%/100 mmHg (110-150 mmHg) were achieved. The compliance was higher than for Dacron and ePTFE grafts and comparable to the normal sized ascending aorta of around 16%/100 mmHg in a healthy human and porcine aortic compliance of 14.3%/100 mmHg. Static compliance was successfully tested up to 350 mmHg. No significant changes in graft diameter or delaminations of the graft layers were detected after compliance testing. Therefore, by combining electrospinning with a durable inlay, both elasticity and recoverability are obtained, resulting in a promising alternative to the gold-standard in open-surgical treatment of thoracic aortic pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251316728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amniotic membrane hydrogel as novel injectable platform in combination with metformin for treatment of sciatic nerve injury.","authors":"Zahra Rabiei Dolatabadi, Mona Saheli, Somayeh Solhjoo, Mehran Hosseini, Elahe Mousanejad, Mandana Jafari, Vahid Sheibani, Seyed Noureddin Nematollahi-Mahani","doi":"10.1177/22808000251322865","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251322865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral nerve tissue engineering is a field that uses cells, growth factors and biological scaffold material to provide a nutritional and physical support in the repair of nerve injuries. The specific properties of injectable human amniotic membrane-derived hydrogel including growth factors as well as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents make it an ideal tool for nerve tissue repair, and metformin may also aid in nerve regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrogel derived from amniotic membrane (AM) along with metformin (MET) administration in the repair of sciatic nerve injury in male rats. We randomly divided 60 male rats into five groups. A control and four sciatic nerve compression groups including model; hydrogel; metformin and mix which received hydrogel and metformin. The recovery rate was assessed by Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), Static Sciatic Index (SSI) and von-frey test. Conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was measured by Electrophysiological studies, and histological evaluations were performed 14 days after injury. SFI, SSI, latency time, remyelination rate and the expression of NF-200 and S-100β improved in hydrogel group. Response to mechanical stimulus, myelin density, axonal regeneration, and myelin sheath reconstruction improved in the mix group. The gastrocnemius muscle index was significantly reduced in the experimental groups while collagen fibers increased in these groups. These findings suggest that injection of hydrogel derived from decellularized amniotic membrane into the epineurium can be promoted reconstruction of peripheral nerve injury and improved functional nerve recovery. Also, metformin administration can reinforce the therapeutic effect of the hydrogel.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251322865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymeric hollow fibers for encapsulating <i>Eucalyptus galbie</i> essential oil with decongestant potential and physicochemical study.","authors":"Reyhane Shojaei, Mehdi Ansari, Neda Mohamadi, Fariba Sharififar","doi":"10.1177/22808000251335735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251335735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Eucalyptus</i> species are known for their decongestant and antimicrobial properties, mainly due to their essential oil. However, significant challenges persist in maintaining the stability and durability of the essential oils' effectiveness. This study examines the use of polymeric hollow fibers for encapsulating <i>Eucalyptus</i> essential oil (EE) to improve its stability and effectiveness in treating nasal congestion. The EE was obtained by hydro-distillation method, and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A dialysis cartridge containing polysulfone hollow fibers was used to load the EE, and their permeability, morphology, and stability were assessed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and headspace sampling with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) were employed to monitor EE release and the stability of EE-loaded hollow fibers. GC/MS analysis identified 20 major components with 1,8-cineole being the predominant compound at 59.32%. Physicochemical characterization of hollow fibers revealed complete permeability to EE. FT-IR spectra suggested potential interactions between EE and the fibers. Release studies indicated that over 80% of EE was released from the fibers within 180 min. Headspace analysis confirmed the presence and stability of 1,8-cineole in the loaded fibers. The stability test demonstrated no significant changes in the EE-loaded fibers over 6 days. This study indicated that the capillary properties of the EE-loaded hollow fibers facilitate oil loading, and headspace sampling provides a more efficient analysis. The successful and stable release of EE from the fibers, highlights the potential of hollow fibers for controlled drug delivery. However, conducting more accurate experiments can help deduce more logical results.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251335735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nano-chitosan and <i>Saussurea costus</i> as mouthwash and denture cleanser: In vitro study.","authors":"Sabreen Waleed Ibrahim, Farah Nabeel Mohammed Tahir AlKhayyat, Maha Jamal Abbas","doi":"10.1177/22808000251337545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251337545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Besides mechanical cleaning, mouthwashes, and denture cleansers are typical supplements for oral care. Many chemical mouthwashes and denture cleansers provide positive effects, but finding safe and natural alternatives should be the priority.</p><p><strong>Aim of study: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of natural materials as mouthwash and denture cleansers.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>In examining the antimicrobial efficacy of mouthwashes, the minimum inhibitory concentration values were determined for five groups: distilled water (negative control), 0.2% chlorhexidine, chitosan solution, <i>Saussurea costus</i> solution, and chitosan-Saussurea solution. As for denture cleansers, the efficacy was evaluated after immersing polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) disks in the previous solutions. The cell viability of Human Gingival Fibroblast (hGFs) after treatment with tested solutions was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The prepared solutions showed comparable antimicrobial efficacy and cell viability as chlorohexidine. The chitosan-<i>Saussurea costus</i> solution demonstrated a higher antimicrobial effect and better prevention of microorganisms' adherence to PMMA disks and cell viability. It also did not affect the roughness of PMMA in the short term.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The new denture cleaning and mouthwash agent, which contains the natural constituents of chitosan and <i>Saussurea costus</i>, demonstrates significant antibacterial effectiveness and serves as a viable eco-friendly alternative to commercial mouthwash, as well as exerting minimal influence on denture roughness.</p><p><strong>Clinical implications: </strong>Chitosan and <i>Saussurea costus</i> have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that can potentially enhance oral health. These materials present a viable path toward the production of safe, efficient, and sustainable oral care products due to their natural and biocompatible substitutes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251337545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}