Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials最新文献

{"title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> and <i>Aloe vera</i>.","authors":"Aigul Zh Kerimkulova, Anastassiya D Kukhareva, Sana K Kabdrakhmanova, Dana Bolatkhan, Esbol Shaimardan, Zhanar E Ibraeva, Madiar M Beisebekov, Daria Toktorbek Kyzy, Asylkan Z Dzhumanazarova","doi":"10.1177/22808000251406458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251406458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of plant extracts for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles represents a promising direction in nanotechnology due to the high environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness of the method. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out using <i>Hibiscus sabdariffa and Aloe vera</i> extracts. The synthesis was conducted by reaction between the extracts with a silver nitrate solution, leading to the formation of silver nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were identified using UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, particle size determination, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The UV spectra exhibited characteristic absorption in the range of 350-450 nm, confirming the presence of silver nanoparticles, while XRD analysis determined an average particle size of 6.11 nm. The size analysis demonstrated the stability of the nanoparticles over time and their retention within the nanometer range. Comparative antibacterial tests demonstrated that AgNPs synthesized using <i>H. sabdariffa</i> extract showed higher inhibitory activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. saprophyticus</i> compared to those produced with <i>A. vera</i> extract. The obtained results confirm that biogenic synthesis using plant extracts is an environmentally safe and highly efficient alternative to conventional chemical methods, offering promising applications in biomedicine, catalysis, and other high-tech fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251406458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient dynamic analysis of delaminated fractional piezoelectric composites.","authors":"Ehab M Almetwally, Ibrahim Elbatal, Ola Ragb, Mokhtar Mohamed, Mohamed Salah","doi":"10.1177/22808000251392437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251392437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a variety of applications, such as sensing, vibration control, wind turbine blades, automobile panels, submersible vehicles, and structural health monitoring, smart structures which are made up of laminated composite plates sandwiched between two piezoelectric layers are used. The issue of fractional derivatives for delaminated and multilayered piezoelectric composite plate supported on a viscoelastic foundation's free vibration response has been tackled in this work. A system of differential quadrature and a perturbation method are used to derive and solve the governing equations. Four form functions, the Lagrange interpolation polynomial, the Cardinal Sine function, the Delta Lagrange, and the Regularized Shannon kernel are used in this study to provide new DQM approaches. A numerical system is suggested and tested under a range of support circumstances to determine its accuracy and efficiency, which relies on prior enabling more accurate predictions critical for the design and deployment of intelligent structural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251392437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145767511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of synthesis technique for porous nano and micro fibrous wound dressings with natural oil supplements.","authors":"Meltem Kum, Levent Sendogdular, Selda Topcu Sendogdular","doi":"10.1177/22808000251314106","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251314106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For millennia, aloe vera (AV) and eucalyptus oil (EO) have been recognized as natural sources of healing and have been utilized for medicinal purposes in the realm of health. As an attempt to treat pressure sores, AV and eucalyptus oil were added as supplements to biocompatible and biodegradable poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer to synthesize nano and micro fibrous wound dressings by the electrospinning process. Additive solubility in polymeric matrix is the key parameter to achieve the synthesis of homogeneous fibers with controlled release of therapeutic oils, cure and humidity; therefore, lecithin as herbal (soybean) based emulsifier was used to control additive/polymer solubility. In this study, fibrous dressing in mat form with antioxidant activity was successfully obtained with the addition of natural AV and EO in PEO polymer solutions through electrospinning technique. Subsequently, the synthesized fibers were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), moisture absorption and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SEM imaging demonstrated the formation of randomly-oriented and beadless fibers with size of 0.48 ± 0.23 µm out of PEO/AV/EO/Lecithin blend and also with the addition of lecithin, fiber thicknesses were observed to be increasing. Moisture absorption analysis revealed that the weight of fibrous mat was affected by the humidity of the ambient environment. Relative humidity for 7 days ranged between 32% and 37% and it was observed that lecithin content increased the moisture retention rate by 50%. Uv-Vis results suggested that a more regular performance has been achieved with lecithin being involved in terms of timely manner changes; therefore, the contrast of samples between hours and days became more distinctive. PEO/AV/EO/Lecithin nanofiber also indicated antibacterial ability against <i>Escherichia coli</i> with approximately 18.5 mm diameter of inhibition. This research proves that the potential for developing biocompatible wound dressings with long-lasting moisture to the wound is possible through the use of these natural healing agents made homogeneously distributed through structure by the use of emulsifier.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251314106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-peroxide eggshell-based experimental material: Effects on the color and composition of human dental enamel.","authors":"Carolina Torres-Rodríguez, Jennifer González García, Pedro Álvarez-Lloret, Edgar Delgado-Mejía","doi":"10.1177/22808000251356939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251356939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alternative calcium phosphates are strong candidates as tooth-whitening to mitigate the adverse effects of hydrogen peroxide (HP). This study examines changes in the color and chemical structure of human enamel induced by a biomimetic calcium phosphate-based bleaching ceramic derived from chicken eggshell, known as the experimental remineralizing Substance (ERS). Forty human molars were assigned to four groups: G1: storage group; G2: treated with 35% HP; G3: treated with ERSs; and G4: treated with HP followed by ers. CIE color coordinates (<i>L</i>*, <i>a</i>*, <i>b</i>*) were recorded before and after treatment using a dental spectrophotometer to calculate color differences (Δ<i>E*_ab</i>, Δ<i>E₀₀</i>) and the whiteness index<math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>W</mi><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>D</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math> which were later compared with previously established perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) thresholds. After each treatment, enamel surface powders from each specimen were analyzed using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA and simple linear regression for color measurements, as well as one-way ANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, and Holm-Bonferroni tests for chemical composition. The results indicated a significant decrease in <i>L</i>* (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and <i>b</i>* (<i>p</i> = 0.03) values in G3. The highest mean values of <i>∆E*_ab</i> and Δ<i>E₀₀</i> (<i>p</i> ⩽ 0.05) exceeded PT and AT indicating good effectiveness. ATR-FTIR analysis revealed that certain phosphate bands in G3 remained unchanged compared to G1 and G2. Additionally, carbonate substitution at the A and B-positions was reduced, and the degree of mineralization increased compared to G2. XRD patterns showed diffraction peaks linked to hydroxyapatite crystals in all experimental groups. All treatments reduced crystallite size, and this effect was not reversed in G3. Thus, this study demonstrates that ERS achieved a superior whitening effect compared to HP, without altering the chemical composition or crystalline structure of human enamel. These findings suggest the potential of using ERS as a safer alternative to conventional peroxide-based whitening agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251356939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled release and antibioticeffect of vancomycin-loaded poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticles as a smart drug delivery system.","authors":"Liang Lei, Shanlong Li, Xuefeng Kang, Jian Shang","doi":"10.1177/22808000241291824","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000241291824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have addressed the use of vancomycin (VA) to effectively treat bacterial infections. However, VA is known to cause side effects when administered intravenously. Herein, monodisperse poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hollow nanocapsules were synthesized at the interface of a water-in-oil (W/O) single emulsion via Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification and UV-initiated polymerization. In water solutions, the PNIPAAm nanocapsules were able to encapsulate VA and form a new nanoscale water-soluble drug delivery system, namely, PNIPAAm-VA. In vitro experiments showed that PNIPAAm and PNIPAAm-VA had no cytotoxicity toward human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the slow hydrolysis of PNIPAAm-VA in vitro led to the progressive release of VA, which was discharged at more than 50% and 80% of its initial concentration within 10 days at 37°C and 40°C, respectively; this subsequently inhibited the growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. We believe that our PNIPAAm-VA nanoparticles can potentially be used as an effective injectable for temperature-sensitive materials in vivo to achieve the localized controlled release of drugs as safe and specific therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000241291824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of printing parameters on the performance of resin occlusal splints for a sustainable dentistry.","authors":"Ashish Kaushik, Ramesh Kumar Garg, Ravinder S Saini, Francesco Bennardo, Artak Heboyan","doi":"10.1177/22808000251333700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251333700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bruxism affects millions worldwide, leading to dental damage like worn teeth and tooth loss. Resin 3D printing presents a promising method for creating intricate, comfortable, and durable occlusal splints. This study examines how printing parameters-layer thickness, orientation angle, and curing time-affect the mechanical (compressive strength, wear rate, impact strength) and physical (water sorption, surface roughness, dimensional accuracy) properties of occlusal splints made from a methacrylate-based resin. A total of 120 specimens were produced according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards using different parametric combinations. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize key parameters. The optimum printing parameters for compressive strength include a layer height of 16.5 mm, curing time of 93.6 min, an orientation angle of 12.8º, yielding a compressive strength of 9.05 MPa, wear rate of 159 mm³/min, and impact strength of 71.58 J/m. Similarly, the optimum results for minimum surface roughness (8.013 microns), maximum dimensional accuracy (97.67 and minimum water sorption (0.386%) are achieved at a layer thickness of 16 mm, curing time of 93 min, and orientation angle of 12º. Results show that optimizing resin 3D printing parameters for occlusal splints significantly reduces production costs, particularly in regions with limited access to dental care, while promoting sustainable dental solutions by minimizing the environmental impact of traditional manufacturing methods and enhancing the efficiency of splint production.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251333700"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of stainless steel crowns placed on primary teeth on biochemical parameters in GCF: A systematic review.","authors":"Mario Alberto Alarcón-Sánchez, Julieta Sarai Becerra-Ruiz, Ruth Rodríguez-Montaño, Sarah Monserrat Lomelí-Martínez, Luca Fiorillo, Artak Heboyan","doi":"10.1177/22808000251335403","DOIUrl":"10.1177/22808000251335403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this systematic review was to investigate, identify, and summarize the existing literature on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of primary teeth restored with stainless steel crowns (SSC) versus control teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework (ID): 10.17605/OSF.IO/39U4D. In addition, it was prepared following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Five electronic databases were used to identify studies for this systematic review: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, from January 10, 1999, to September 15, 2024. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (cross-sectional studies) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias for Randomized Trials (RoB 2.0) in randomized clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review includes four studies (two cross-sectional and two randomized clinical trials). A total of 75 children aged 3 to 10 years were studied. GCF samples were taken from 98 upper and lower molars rehabilitated with SSC and control teeth (without SSC). ELISA analyzed all samples. This way, the levels of four proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β, were determined. The studies reported significant differences between both study groups: IL-1β: 27.30 versus 23.56 <i>p</i> < 0.05; MIP-1α: 682.55 versus 197.60 <i>p</i> < 0.05; and MIP-1β: 884.35 versus 287.85, <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This systematic review provides a comprehensive and current overview of the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines present in GCF, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of gingival inflammation in children with SSC. IL-1β, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β levels increased in the GCF of upper and lower molars rehabilitated with stainless steel crowns compared to control primary teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251335403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regenerative effect of human cell-derived BMP-2 cultured within a collagen bone graft in a rat calvaria defect model.","authors":"Keun-Suh Kim, Euna Pi, Sang-Jun Park, Seungyoon Lee, Inyoung Choi, Taeuk Kim, Hyo-Jung Lee, Yang-Jin Yi","doi":"10.1177/22808000251326799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251326799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive factor; however, current clinical applications using <i>Escherichia coli</i>-derived recombinant human BMP-2 are constrained by structural deficiencies and high-dose requirements, which increases the risk of adverse effects. In this study, we aimed to address these limitations by developing a novel approach leveraging genetically engineered human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) to synthesize human cell-derived BMP-2 (hBMP-2) within a collagen-based bone graft matrix. ARPE-19 cells were transduced using a lentiviral vector encoding BMP-2 and subsequently cultured in a porcine-collagen mixed graft material. The efficacy of this hBMP-2-enriched graft was evaluated in a rat calvaria defect model over 6 weeks, with comparisons made against empty defects and grafts lacking hBMP-2. Micro-computed tomography analysis revealed improved bone regeneration parameters in the hBMP-2 group compared with those in the graft-only group, although statistical significance was limited to the trabecular number, which approached borderline significance (p < 0.1). Histological analysis corroborated these findings, revealing significantly enhanced new bone formation but only a reducing tendency of residual graft material in the hBMP-2 group. This study presents a promising approach for bone regeneration by utilizing genetically engineered human cells to produce BMP-2 within clinically available bone graft materials, potentially mitigating the high-dose requirements and associated complications of conventional BMP-2 therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251326799"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanomaterials in abdominal aortic aneurysm: From targeted therapy to smart vascular repair.","authors":"Xiya Yan, Zhihan You, Weimin Zhou, Wenpeng Zhao, Jiacong Qiu","doi":"10.1177/22808000251379140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251379140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), defined as a permanent and often asymptomatic dilatation of the abdominal aorta, poses a significant threat of rupture with high mortality, yet lacks effective pharmacological interventions for stabilisation or regression. Current surgical options are invasive or require strict anatomical suitability, leaving patients with small aneurysms under passive surveillance. This critical gap underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising approach, offering solutions for targeted drug delivery, precise imaging, and dynamic monitoring of AAA progression. This review comprehensively analyses recent advances in nanomaterial-based systems for AAA management. We classify and discuss key nanocarriers-inorganic nanomaterials, organic nanomaterials, and hybrid nanomaterials-highlighting their unique design strategies, targeting mechanisms, and therapeutic functions. Specific applications include the targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory agents, modulation of matrix metalloproteinase activity via siRNA delivery, protection of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from oxidative stress and apoptosis, and strategies for in situ vascular repair and regeneration. Furthermore, the role of nanomaterials in enhanced diagnostics and intelligent sensing for rupture risk prediction is explored. Despite encouraging preclinical results, challenges regarding long-term biosafety, translatability from rodent models to human pathophysiology, and optimisation of hemodynamic delivery remain significant hurdles. Future directions involve closed-loop theranostic systems, artificial intelligence integration, hemodynamic-optimised nanoparticle design, and exploring gene-editing nanocarriers. This review concludes that engineered nanomaterials hold substantial potential to transform AAA management from passive monitoring to active prevention and precision therapy, paving the way for future clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251379140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-coated titanium screws: Enhancing biofilm resistance, mechanical stability, and osseointegration in orthopedic implants.","authors":"Niranjan Ghimire, Manish Rayamajhi, Yuyu Sun, Ying Deng","doi":"10.1177/22808000251358057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/22808000251358057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthopedic implant-associated infections, primarily caused by biofilm-forming <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, pose significant clinical challenges. These infections often lead to implant failure, prolonged antibiotic treatments, and an increased risk of revision surgeries, emphasizing the need for effective biofilm-resistant implant materials. In this study, we present a dual-functional titanium screw (Ti-S) grafted with chitosan (Cs), a biocompatible polymer known for its osteogenic and antimicrobial properties while maintaining mechanical integrity. The chitosan-modified titanium screw (Cs-Ti-S) was prepared via chemical immobilization to enhance resistance to biofilm formation while promoting osseointegration and preserving biomechanical integrity. Biomechanical testing confirmed that chitosan modification did not compromise mechanical performance, as Cs-Ti-S exhibited a torsional yield strength of 1.70 ± 0.00 Nm compared to 1.76 ± 0.05 Nm for unmodified titanium screws (Un-Ti-S), and an axial pullout force of 68.66 ± 14.36 N for Cs-Ti-S versus 70.33 ± 9.71 N for Un-Ti-S. Micro-scratch tests revealed similar hardness values (1.26 ± 0.03 GPa for Cs-Ti-S vs. 1.40 ± 0.07 GPa for Un-Ti-S) and scratch resistance, ensuring surface durability. Gene expression analysis showed upregulated β1-integrin on Cs-Ti-S at 24 h post-infection, indicating improved osteoblast adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed significantly reduced bacterial biofilm formation on Cs-Ti-S. Moreover, the combination of povidone-iodide (PI) treatment on Cs-Ti-S surfaces significantly inhibited biofilm formation over 7 days, unlike Un-Ti-S, which retained significant adhesion. These results suggest chitosan grafting as a scalable, non-antibiotic strategy to enhance antimicrobial resistance and osseointegration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14985,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"22808000251358057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144955245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}