Iranian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of BK virus genotypes in patients with colorectal cancer.","authors":"Mahsa Javadi, Gholamabbas Kaydani, Roya Pirmoradi, Abdolhassan Talaiezadeh, Azadeh Haghi Navand, Mohammad Karimi Baba Ahmadi, Manoochehr Makvandi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>BK polyomavirus infection is prevalent and primarily asymptomatic, except for complications in kidney transplant recipients. Furthermore, its involvement in a tumorigenic family necessitates consideration in various malignancies such as urogenital tumors, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), and brain cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This investigation encompassed 50 specimens of colorectal adenocarcinoma tumors, 50 adjacent tissues, and 40 urine samples, with patients having a mean age of 61 years ± 12.4 years. The detection of BK virus DNA VP1 gene and genotyping were carried out through nested-PCR and sequencing techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through the utilization of nested-PCR, BK virus DNA was identified in 15/50 (30%) colorectal tumor samples and 3/50 (6%) adjacent tissues (p-value = 0.008). Additionally, 6/40 (15%) urine samples exhibited positive results for BK virus DNA. Notably, among these findings, 9/15 BK virus positive tumor tissues (60%) and 3/6 BK virus positive urine samples (50%) were confirmed to be positive for BK virus subtype 4 (p-value < 0.001), whereas 2 tumor samples and 3 urine samples were attributed to BK virus type 1b2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is imperative to enhance one's understanding of the etiological and risk factors pertaining to cancers. The present findings offer substantiation of a potential correlation between BK virus infection and colorectal cancer. BK virus genotype 4 was found to be dominant among the CRC patients in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the relatedness between the biofilm-associated genes and antimicrobial resistance among <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> isolates in the southwest Iran.","authors":"Nafiseh Hosseinzadeh Shakib, Zahra Hashemizadeh, Abolfazl Rafati Zomorodi, Reza Khashei, Yeganeh Sadeghi, Abdollah Bazargani","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Increasing antimicrobial resistance among <i>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)</i> strains poses a significant challenge, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs) where these bacteria are common causes of hospital infections. Biofilm production is recognized as a key mechanism contributing to this resistance. This study aims to explore the relationship between biofilm production, the presence of biofilm-associated genes, and antibiotic resistance patterns in <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates obtained from ICU patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected 100 <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates from ICU patients at Nemazee Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, and biofilm production potential was assessed through the tissue culture plate (TCP) method. Additionally, we investigated eleven biofilm-related genes (<i>ompA, bap, csuE, epsA, bla</i> <i>_per-1</i> <i>, bfmS, pgaB, csgA, fimH, ptk,</i> and <i>kpsMII</i>) in all isolates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The REP-PCR technique was utilized to analyze the genetic relatedness of the isolates (Fig. 4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All isolates displayed multi-drug resistance, with the highest resistance rates observed against ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%). Gentamicin and amikacin showed the lowest resistance rates at 70% and 84%, respectively. A total of 98% of the isolates were capable of biofilm production, with 32% categorized as strong biofilm producers. The most frequently detected biofilm-associated genes included <i>csuE</i> (99%), <i>bfmS</i> (98%), <i>ompA</i> (97%), and <i>pgaB</i> (89%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biofilm production significantly contributes to the prevalence of multi-drug resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> strains. It is essential to implement effective antimicrobial stewardship and develop innovative anti-biofilm strategies to address this global health issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"80-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of new exopolysaccharides produced by strains of donkey milk.","authors":"Arevik Israyelyan, Tsovinar Balabekyan, Lara Aleksanyan, Inesa Sahakyan, Anna Gasparyan, Flora Tkhruni","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>It has been shown that strains of the genus <i>Enterococcus</i> isolated from donkey milk from different regions of the Republic of Armenia have antimicrobial activity, synthesize different polysaccharides and produce disaccharide polymers (glucose and galactose). The quantitative synthesis of polysaccharides (8-15%) depends on the composition of the nutrient medium, temperature and growing time.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Species identification of LAB strains was confirmed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing method using universal primers LAB strains. The methods used for extraction, purification and detection of exopolysaccharides are based on the method of Sørensen et al. (2022). The antibacterial activity of EPS was investigated by agar diffusion assay. Determination of the immunostimulating property was carried out using the ELISA method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The antimicrobial activity of the polysaccharide and antimicrobial protein-like fractions of the genus <i>Enterococcus</i> strains depends on its concentration, time of interaction with the test culture, and the species of the pathogenic bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The obtained results were shown that strains isolated from fermented donkey milk that are capable of synthesizing two substances of different nature with high antimicrobial properties during the growth process are promising for further research and application for their use as probiotics and biopreparations in pharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, and virulence genes among atypical enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> stool isolates in Tehran, Iran.","authors":"Shahnaz Halimi, Akram Rezaei, Shirin Mohebi, Farhad Bonakdar Hashemi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Enteropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (EPEC) strains are emerging pathogens around the world, particularly among pediatric patients in developing countries, such as Iran. This study aims to examine and compare the characteristics of EPEC isolates from patients, who suffer from diarrhea versus isolates from patients without diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 734 stool specimens [440 diarrheal (D), and 294 non-diarrheal (ND)] were examined. Thirty-six EPEC isolates (26 D, and 10 ND) were recovered by culture on MacConkey agar, followed by biochemical tests. Using PCR assay, <i>eae</i> ⁺; <i>stx1</i> ^- and <i>stx2</i> ^-gene profiles of EPEC isolates were confirmed. The antimicrobial resistance was assessed by disk diffusion assay. Biofilm formation was assessed using a standard semi-quantitative microtiter plate assay. Virulence-associated genes, <i>ehac, espA, fimA, flu,</i> and <i>sslE</i> were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>E. coli</i> comprised 14% of all isolates were EPEC isolates that showed the highest sensitivity to imipenem (IPM) (100%) and gentamicin (GEN) (89%). However, susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole or trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (SXT) was only 28% and 39%, respectively. About 61% of isolates produced Moderate Biofilm (MB), and the frequency of Weak Biofilm (WB) formers (27%) was higher among D and ND isolates, which carried virulence genes more frequently than D isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preventive measures by public health authorities can thwart the imminent crisis of widespread zoonotic contamination of the food chain in Iran. Our results may help clinicians make optimal therapeutic choices during the treatment of patients with severe EPEC infections, and assist epidemiologists devise policies for effective control of outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"32-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the optimal condition for the growth and biofilm development of <i>Candida albicans</i> on three dental materials.","authors":"Hoai Thu Le, Truong Thi Luc Phuong, Giang Hoang Huy, Phuoc-Vinh Nguyen, Bac Vu Giang Nguyen","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Candida albicans</i> as pathogenic fungi cause conditions like oral candidiasis and dental caries. The critical role of biofilms in the pathogenicity of <i>C. albicans</i> necessitates the exploration of conditions that promote their growth and development. Our study aimed to delineate the optimal conditions conducive to the proliferation and biofilm production of <i>C. albicans</i> on prevalent dental materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To approximate oral cavity conditions, culture media were enhanced with various glucose concentrations to assess the growth and biofilm-forming capability of the fungus through growth curve analysis and crystal violet assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings suggest that YPG medium augmented with 4% glucose presents as an optimal environment for <i>C. albicans</i> growth. Biofilm formation was most effectively promoted in RPMI medium supplemented with the same concentration of glucose. Composite resin was identified as the substrate most susceptible to biofilm development by <i>C. albicans</i> under these conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This investigation highlights the necessity of accounting for microbial activity and material characteristics in the prevention and management of dental biofilm formation. Our research advances the understanding of in vitro cultivation of <i>C. albicans</i>, simulating the oral milieu more accurately and contributing to enhanced oral health management for individuals utilizing temporary dental fixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"153-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of <i>Escherichia coli</i> outer membrane vesicles and the impact of pathogenic ones on NLR signaling pathways.","authors":"Roghayeh Mohammadzadeh, Ava Behrouzi, Farzam Vaziri, Seyed Davar Siadat","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is a universal event among bacteria. In this study, we characterized OMVs from pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and assessed the effect of pathogenic OMVs on NLR signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>OMVs were extracted by differential centrifugation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SDS-PAGE, Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, and nucleic acid extraction. Then, the Caco-2 cells were treated with the pathogenic OMVs to evaluate their effect on NLR signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEM showed that pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains produced OMVs in the range of 9-72.9 and 45-270 nm, respectively. The SDS-PAGE revealed that both OMVs had protein bands ranging from 25 to 100 kDa. The LAL test displayed that the concentration of LPS was 2.368 and 0.055 EU/ml in pathogenic and non-pathogenic OMVs, respectively. The evaluation of nucleic acid contents showed no significant difference between both types of OMVs. The assessment of pathogenic OMVs' effect on NLR genes demonstrated that the expression level was changed in some genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The characterization of OMVs showed that both strains of <i>E. coli</i> secrete OMVs in different sizes and contents. Besides, it was revealed that OMVs can regulate gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>mecA</i> and <i>PVL</i> genes in methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> from clinical specimens: a cross-sectional hospital based study from Nepal.","authors":"Sirjana Adhikari, Supriya Sharma, Sanjib Adhikari, Sanjit Shrestha, Dwij Raj Bhatta","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> has increasingly been associated with community and healthcare-associated infections worldwide and contributes to treatment failures due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) strains. We aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA isolated from patients attending a burn center and to detect <i>mecA</i> and <i>PVL</i> genes among MRSA isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted on 1950 clinical samples collected from hospital inpatients and outpatients of Kirtipur Hospital, which is a burn specialist hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Each sample underwent conventional cultural methods for bacterial isolates identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1950 samples, 452 (23.2%) samples showed bacterial growth, of which 109 isolates (24.1%) were identified as Gram positive and 343 (75.9%) as Gram negative bacteria. Among the Gram positive bacteria, 53 (48.62%) were <i>Staphylococcus aureus.</i> Of the total <i>S. aureus</i> isolates, 40 (75.5%) were MRSA and 48 (90.6%) were MDR. Of the 40 MRSA isolates, 29 (72.5%) carried the <i>mecA</i> gene and 3 (7.5%) harbored <i>PVL</i> gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of MRSA in a burn unit underscores the need for more rigorous infection control practices that follow standard protocols to reduce MRSA transmission in both individuals and the hospital environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceftazidime-avibactam activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.","authors":"Arun Sachu, Alice David","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are extremely difficult to treat and have a high fatality rate. The study's primary goal was to determine the rate of ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility using disc diffusion and E-Test, as well as to evaluate the agreement between the two methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 124 multidrug-resistant (including carbapenem) <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebisella pneumoniae</i> isolates were included. Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion and E-test were used as the testing methods in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study 37.5% and 33.9% of the isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam by E test and Disc diffusion respectively. There were five isolates which produced discordant results. Among the 56 isolates there was 91% agreement between the two methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the discordant isolates the alarming disparity in zone size was a significant concern. Since CRE infections are very common, an economical and practical method for testing ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility is needed in all the clinical microbiology laboratories as it is a last resort drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"19-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct MALDI-TOF MS-based method for rapid identification of microorganisms and antibiotic susceptibility testing in urine specimens.","authors":"Fouad Assi, Brahim Jabri, Lamia Melalka, Yassine Sekhsokh, Mimoun Zouhdi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are considered as a major public health issue, often causing complications. Although the traditional cultivation approach is reliable in diagnosis, it is time-consuming, leading to delay in treatment and contributing to antibiotic resistance due to suboptimal empirical treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a direct, rapid identification technique using MALDI-TOF MS for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing in UTIs, aiming to reduce diagnostic time compared to standard culture methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the span of a year, 458 monomicrobial urine samples were analysed using both the standard bacterial culture method and the direct MALDI-TOF MS-based method. Antibiotic susceptibility was directly tested on 20 samples using the disk diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The direct identification technique accurately identified 92.14% of microorganisms at the genus level and 60.92% at the species level within an hour, significantly faster than the 24 to 48 hours required by traditional culture methods. The direct antibiotic susceptibility test results were consistent with the standard post-culture method ranging from 60.00% to 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Direct identification using MALDI-TOF MS can improve UTI management by enabling faster pathogen identification and targeted treatments, potentially reducing antibiotic resistance. Further studies are needed in terms of enhancing its clinical utility and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological efficiency of <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> type b polyribosyl ribitol phosphate combined with detoxified lipooligosaccharide in a rabbit model.","authors":"Amin Arsang, Seyed Davar Siadat, Masoumeh Saberpour, Farshad Nojoomi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v17i1.17807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> type b <i>(Hib)</i> could cause severe life-threatening infections in children. Combine vaccines have reduced invasive diseases, but disease management is still necessary. The aim of this research was to evaluate the immunological efficiency of polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate combined with detoxified lipooligosaccharide (PRP-dLOS) in a rabbit model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PRP purification, LOS extraction, and endotoxin evaluation were performed using modified CY medium, hot phenol, and limulus amebocyte lysate methods, respectively. Rabbit groups were immunized with PRP (10 μg), dLOS (20 μg), and PRP-dLOS combine (10 μg+20 μg) three times on days 0, 14, and 28. Serum samples were acquired on days 0, 14, and 28 post-immunization, then IgM and IgG levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The concentrations of PRP, dLOS, and endotoxin were 1160 mg/L, 440 μg/mL, and 1450 EU/mL, respectively. PRP-dLOS combine led to a significant increase in IgG and IgM levels on days 14 and 28 post-immunization. After immunization with PRP-dLOS combine, serum levels of IgM and IgG increased from 16.8 to 29.3 μg/mL and 29.8 to 61.4 μg/mL, respectively from day 14 to day 28.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PRP-dLOS combine is a promising approach for Hib management without the fear of delay in immune responses and interference with other vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 1","pages":"106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}