Iranian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Type VI secretion system (T6SS) in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, relation to antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation.","authors":"Nesma A Mohamed, Mohamed H Alrawy, Reem M Makbol, Arafat M Mohamed, Shimaa B Hemdan, Noha S Shafik","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13865","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The type VI secretion system (T6SS) was identified as a novel virulence factor in many Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of the T6SS genes in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>-causing different nosocomial infections, and to study the association between T6SS, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm formation in the isolated bacteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of fifty-six non-repetitive <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were collected from different inpatients admitted at Sohag University Hospital from September 2022 to March 2023. Samples were cultured, colonies were identified, and antimicrobial sensitivity was done by VITEK® 2 Compact. Biofilm formation was checked using Congo red agar method. T6SS genes, and capsular serotypes were detected by PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were obtained in culture. 38 isolates (67.86%) produced biofilm and 44 (78.57%) were positive for T6SS in PCR. There was a significant association between the presence of T6SS and resistance to the following antibiotics: meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. All biofilm-forming bacteria had T6SS, with significant differences towards T6SS -positive bacteria. There was no significant association between T6SS, and the presence of certain capsular types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The T6SS-positive <i>K. pneumoniae</i> has greater antibiotic resistance, and biofilm-forming ability which is considered a potential pathogenicity of this emerging gene cluster.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new nanobiotic: synthesis and characterization of an albumin nanoparticle with intrinsic antibiotic activity.","authors":"Mehrnaz Sheikh Hosseini, Zahra Moosavi-Nejad, Parisa Mohammadi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13875","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>With entering the \"post-antibiotic era\", antibiotic resistance is one of the most important problems in food security, health and medicine. Invention of nanoparticles with intrinsic antimicrobial activity has been provided a new tool to combat the problem, including some metal nanoparticles. But protein nanoparticles have been often used as nano-carrier for antibiotic drugs, not for their own antibiotic activity. In this article we have fabricated a very small BSA-NP without any chemical modification on BSA molecules showing antibacterial activity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Bovine serum albumin nanoparticle (BSA-NP) was synthesized using botton-up approach, by dissolution of BSA in urea-containing Tris buffer for 60 min at 60°C. Then, the BSA solution was dialyzed against distilled water in order to nanoparticle formation. The resulted BSA-NP has been characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission surface electron microscopy (FESEM), SDS-PAGE, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-spectrophotometery. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method was used for evaluation of antibacterial activity of BSA-NP against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</i></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results obtained by DLS technique indicated that BSA molecules were self-assembled into small aggregates with a hydrodynamic diameter of 23.23 ± 2.1 nm. With a small polydispersity index (PDI=0.522), the nanoparticles had good spherical uniformity. The nanoparticles made from a single type of protein molecule (BSA) and have a relatively transparent appearance. The BSA-NPs caused a decrease in cell growth of both <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>S. aureus.</i> Moreover, they had a bacteriostatic effect on <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (MIC=112×10^-5 μM).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, using a green synthesis method, we succeeded in synthesizing a very small uniform BSA nanoparticles without any chemical modification on BSA molecules. It also has bacteriostatic properties against <i>P. aeruginosa.</i> Therefore, it is hypothesized that our BSA-NPs may be effective as a new approach to combat antibiotic resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"697-704"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of integrons, extended spectrum beta lactamases and genetic diversity among uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates from Kerman, south east of Iran.","authors":"Samane Mohebi, Zahra Golestani-Hotkani, Maryam Foulad-Pour, Peivand Nazeri, Fahimeh Mohseni, Zahra Hashemizadeh, Zahra Moghani-Bashi, Naser Niksefat, Sanaz Rastegar, Maryam Khajedadian, Zahra Lotfian, Hossein Hosseini-Nave","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13867","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the distribution of genes encoding integrons, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in <i>E. coli</i> isolated from UTIs, as well as the genetic diversity among the isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><i>E. coli</i> isolates were recovered from the patients with UTI in Kerman Iran. Antibiotic susceptibility was done according to CLSI guidelines. The presence of ESBL genes and integrons was evaluated using PCR. PCR and sequencing were applied for the evaluation of cassette content of integrons. Genotyping of the isolates was performed by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Imipenem was the most effective antibiotic, while the highest resistance was observed to streptomycin. In total 40.2% of isolates were ESBL producers. Of 69 integron-positive isolates, 59 only had class I integrons, 4 only had class II integrons and 6 had both types. The most common gene cassette found within class I integrons was <i>dfrA17-aadA5</i> (n=27). The <i>E. coli</i> isolates were divided into 16 MLVA clusters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study demonstrated the simultaneous presence of class I integrons and ESBLs involved in the resistance of UPEC isolates to antibacterial agents. Our finding also revealed that the <i>E. coli</i> isolates belonged to diverse clones.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"616-624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of miR-let-7f, miR-125a, and miR-125b expression levels in sputum and serum samples of Iranians and Afghans with pulmonary tuberculosis.","authors":"Ali Nour Neamatollahi, Samira Tarashi, Nayereh Ebrahimzadeh, Farzam Vaziri, Mohammad Ali Zaheri Birgani, Mohammadreza Aghasadeghi, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyed Davar Siadat, Saeid Bouzari","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13872","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tuberculosis infection is well established. As microRNAs are able to change expression profiles according to different conditions, they can be useful biomarkers. Iranians and Afghans with tuberculosis were studied for three immune-related miRNAs (miR-let-7f, miR-125a, and miR-125b).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 60 Iranian and Afghan patients with active pulmonary TB were enrolled in the Pulmonary Department of the Pasteur Institute of Iran. Serum and sputum samples were collected simultaneously from all participants. A Real-time PCR was conducted to detect differentially expressed miRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Iranian (P<0.0001) and Afghan (P<0.0001) serum samples and Afghan (P<0.0001) sputum samples overexpressed miR-125a, whereas Iranian sputum samples showed downregulation (P=0.0039). In both Iranian (P<0.0001; P=0.0007) and Afghan (P<0.0001; P<0.0001) serum and sputum samples, miR-125b was overexpressed. Furthermore, miR-let-7f down-regulation was observed in serum and sputum samples (P<0.0001), whereas Iranian sputum samples had no statistically significant differences (P=0.348).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overexpression of miR-125a and miR-125b has been detected in Iranian and Afghan samples. In both races, miR-let-7f downregulation has been confirmed. Identification of miRNA profiles under different conditions opens the door to evaluating potential new biomarkers for diagnosis, disease monitoring, and therapeutic markers in TB infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"665-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of genes encoding resistance to tetracycline and quinolones among <i>Shigella</i> strains isolated from children with acute diarrhea in southwest Iran.","authors":"Nabi Jomehzadeh, Khadijeh Ahmadi, Nazanin Ataee, Maryam Afzali","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13868","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i5.13868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>An increase in the antibiotic resistance of <i>Shigella</i> isolates has caused major global challenges in antimicrobial therapy. Knowledge of local antibiotic resistance trends is essential for selecting appropriate antibiotic treatment regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of efflux-mediated tetracycline resistance (<i>tet</i>) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (<i>qnr</i>) genes among <i>Shigella</i> isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This survey investigated 91 <i>Shigella</i> isolates, obtained from children with acute diarrhea. The isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Besides, the susceptibility of isolates to six selected antibiotics was assessed by the disk diffusion method. All tetracycline-resistant and nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin resistant strains were screened for <i>tet</i> and <i>qnr</i> genes by a multiplex PCR assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results of antibiotic susceptibility tests, the highest level of antibiotic resistance was related to tetracycline (80.2%) and doxycycline (78.1%), respectively. All isolates were sensitive to tigecycline. The PCR results showed that 40.6%, 3.1%, 21.8%, 61.6% and 28.7% of the isolates carried <i>qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, tetA,</i> and <i>tetB</i> genes, respectively. None of the isolates contained <i>tetC</i> and <i>tetD</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current findings revealed that <i>tetA</i> and <i>qnrA</i> genes might play a key role in conferring tetracycline and quinolone resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 5","pages":"625-630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10628075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71521388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial etiology, antimicrobial resistance and factors associated with community acquired pneumonia among adult hospitalized patients in Southwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Abdulhakim Mussema, Getenet Beyene, Esayas Kebede Gudina, Dagninet Alelign, Tofik Mohammed, Solomon Gebre Bawore, Abdurezak Mohammed Seid, Wondwossen Tadesse, Mulatu Gashaw","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i4.13503","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v15i4.13503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem that restricts the options for treating bacterial pneumonia. This research aimed to determine the bacterial causes of pneumonia and antibiotic resistance among hospitalized patients in southwest Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected and analyzed 150 sputum samples from individuals with community-acquired pneumonia from April 1^st to October 30^th, 2019. Standard bacteriological procedures were used to identify the bacteria. Kirby Bauer's disk diffusion method was used to assess the bacteria's susceptibility patterns. Production of carbapenemase and extended-spectrum-lactamase were confirmed phenotypically. Odds ratios and the chi-square test were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the whole, bacterial pathogens were verified in 50% of the sputum samples. The predominant bacterial isolates were <i>Klebsiella</i> species, followed by <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae.</i> About 77.5% of isolates were multidrug resistant. Moreover, 40.5% and 10.8% of the isolates were ESBL and carbapenemase producers, respectively. Aging, tobacco smoking, previous history of pneumonia, heart disease, and chronic respiratory disease had association with sputum culture-positivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result, it is important to regularly monitor the bacterial etiologies and their patterns of resistance. Additionally, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics should all be taken into account while managing patients with pneumonia empirically in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"492-502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42614763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of nosocomial <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> infections in a neonatal intensive care unit.","authors":"Fatemeh Nayeri,&nbsp;Hosein Dalili,&nbsp;Mamak Shariat,&nbsp;Nahid Farrokhzad,&nbsp;Kosar Abouhamzeh,&nbsp;Leyla Sahebi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate epidemiology of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis)</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii)</i> infections in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a period of 8 years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 46 cases of nosocomial infection by <i>S. epidermidis,</i> and 44 neonates with <i>A. baumannii</i> in NICU of Valiasr hospital, Iran.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The trend of <i>A. baumannii</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i> infection were as follows: 1 and 7 in 2014, 11 and 7 in 2015, 20 and 11 in 2016, 1 and 4 in 2017, 4 and 6 in 2018, 4 and 4 in 2019, 0 and 1 in 2020, and 3 and 6 in 2021-March 2022 respectively. Mortality proportion (%) in neonates with <i>S. epidermidis</i> and <i>A. baumannii</i> infection was at 8.3 and 32.1, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between number of infected neonates in month and average of prescribed antibiotics before incidence of infection in every baby in that month. Fluconazole prescription before incidence of infection were associated with the <i>A. baumannii</i> infection in month too. Amikacin prescription had adjusted correlation on increasing of <i>A. baumannii</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i> infection in month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It seems reducing of hospitalization duration and medication prescriptions management plays an important role in reducing of nosocomial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 3","pages":"350-358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e2/b3/IJM-15-350.PMC10336283.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> antifungal potency of the moronecidin-like peptide against <i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata,</i> and <i>Candida tropicalis</i>.","authors":"Nasrin Amirrajab,&nbsp;Seyed Amin Ayatollahi Mousavi,&nbsp;Behrooz Taheri,&nbsp;Samira Salari,&nbsp;Noor Ali Ahmadi Sarsahra","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the <i>in vitro</i> antifungal potency of the moronecidin-like peptide against <i>Candida albicans, Candida glabrata</i>, and <i>Candida tropicalis.</i></p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To evaluate the antifungal effect of moronecidin-like peptide, the protocol presented in CLSI M27-A3 and CLSI M27-S4 was used and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The minimum inhibitory effect of moronecidin-like peptide composition was 8 µg/ml for <i>Candida tropicalis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> and 32 µg/ml for <i>Candida glabrata</i>. The MIC of nystatin was determined to be 1.25 µg/ml for <i>Candida glabrata</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> and 0.625 µg/ml for <i>Candida tropicalis</i> strains. The MFC composition of the moronecidin-like peptide was determined for <i>Candida tropicalis</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> strains 8 µg/ml and for <i>Candida glabrata</i> strain 64 µg/ml. The results of cytotoxicity and hemolysis of the moronecidin peptide test on macrophage showed that moronecidin peptide has no cytotoxicity and toxicity properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the results of the present study, the moronecidin-like peptide could be a new strategy in the treatment of infections caused by <i>Candida</i> strains. The discovery of the exact mechanism of which requires extensive clinical studies in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 3","pages":"456-461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/c9/IJM-15-456.PMC10336287.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9819959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of <i>Anaplasma platys</i> in cattle by nested PCR.","authors":"Mohammed Al-Saadi,&nbsp;Dhama Al-Sallami,&nbsp;Amjed Alsultan","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12904","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Anaplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Gram-negative bacterium from Anaplasmataceae family. Anaplasma causes high economic losses worldwide. 16S rRNA analysis was used to diagnose Anaplasma platys in Cattle. Phylogenetic tree and estimation of evolutionary divergence between A. platys isolates were performed. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 blood samples were collected from a cattle farm in AL-Diwaniyah province. 16S rRNA gene was identified using nested PCR. Overall, 40% of cattle that were chosen to collect the blood were identified to be infected with A. platys. Results: The results have shown presence of targeting partial region of 16S rRNA gene in 24 samples out of 60. Sequencing results of 10 samples have revealed that the phylogenetic tree was divided in to two separate clades. Five isolates of A. platys-Iraq (accession no. OP646782, OP646783, OP646784, OP646790, and OP646791) were located in one clade with the A. platys-China (accession no. MN193068.1). While, five isolates (accession no. OP646785, OP646786, OP646787, OP646788, OP646789) were in different clade with two isolates of A. platys-Africa and A. platys-Zambia in distinct branches, close to the Rickettsiales. Conclusion: The phylogenetic study of A. platys sequences indicated that the isolates were collected from a cattle farm in Al-Dewaniyah were similar and close related to A. platys-China, A. platys-Zambia and A. platys-Africa). This study suggests that cattle can be considered a reservoir of A. platys.","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 3","pages":"433-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b4/a1/IJM-15-433.PMC10336285.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9819965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> among clinical samples isolated in Azerbaijan, Iran.","authors":"Reza Ghotaslou,&nbsp;Shabnam Baghbani,&nbsp;Pardis Ghotaslou,&nbsp;Solmaz Mirmahdavi,&nbsp;Hamed Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v15i3.12898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The immediate emergence of resistant bacteria poses an increasingly growing problem to human society and the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains is one of the most important health problems. This study aimed to review the molecular epidemiology of drug resistance among clinical isolates of <i>E. coli</i> in north-west portion of Iran Azerbaijan.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A complete of 219 clinical isolates of <i>E. coli</i> had been collected from the various clinical samples. The disk diffusion and agar dilution assays were used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. The presence of antibiotics resistance genes was carried out by the PCR method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest susceptibility was shown to imipenem (3%) and fosfomycin (3%), and the most antibiotic resistance was presented to ampicillin (99%). The highest frequent ESBL gene among isolates was <i>bla</i> _CTXM-15 in 70% followed by <i>bla</i>_CMY-2 in 67%, and <i>bla</i>_TEM-1 in 46%. The most common fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance genes were <i>oqxB</i> (34%), followed by <i>oqxA</i> (25%), and <i>qnrB</i> (18%). The frequency of tetracycline resistance genes (<i>tetA, tetB, tetC,</i> and <i>tetD</i>) were detected in 24.8%, 31.6%, 1.8%, and 4.2%, respectively. The highest frequent genes to fosfomycin were <i>fosA</i> 10%, <i>fosA3</i> 30%, <i>fosC</i> 40%, and <i>fosX</i> 20%. The dominant founded aminoglycosides resistant genes were <i>armA</i> (12.96%) and <i>npmA</i> (4.93%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of antibiotics resistance in the tested <i>E. coli</i> isolates was high in Azerbaijan, Iran and these findings showed that <i>E. coli</i> is one of the major drug-resistant pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"15 3","pages":"383-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8a/09/IJM-15-383.PMC10336280.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9825854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}