Iranian Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Pattern and trend of bacterial resistance in neonatal sepsis in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, from 2016 to 2021.","authors":"Amir Naddaf, Mohammad Ansari Nasab, Mamak Shariat, Parvaneh Sadeghi-Moghaddam, Samaneh Salarvand, Zahra Omidi, Neda Sadat Kosari, Leyla Sahebi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19226","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Neonatal septicemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Understanding the patterns of antibiotic resistance and pathogen prevalence is crucial for effective treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2016 to 2022 in the NICU of Vali-Asr Hospital in Tehran. All neonates diagnosed with septicemia were included. Data were collected using the hospital's registry system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 477 infants were hospitalized with sepsis, with 71.7% classified as early-onset sepsis (EOS) and 28.3% as late-onset sepsis (LOS). The most common pathogens were coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> (22.1%), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (14.9%), and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (14.3%). The highest antibiotic resistance was observed for erythromycin (89.8%), clindamycin (80.6%), gentamicin (66.1%), and ciprofloxacin (63.5%), while vancomycin showed the lowest resistance (11.2%). Significant associations were found between antibiotic resistance with low birth weight and chest tube intervention. Trends in antibiotic resistance varied over the study period, with a notable decrease in resistance in 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the high prevalence of antibiotic resistance in neonatal sepsis, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and tailored antibiotic stewardship programs. The findings underscore the importance of individualized treatment approaches to improve outcomes for neonates with sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"528-538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and prebiotic properties of <i>Weissella confuse B4-2</i> exopolysaccharide and its effects on matrix metalloproteinase genes expression.","authors":"Maryam Firoozi, Mahdieh Shirzad, Elahe Motevaseli, Razieh Dalirfardouei, Mohammad Hossein Modarresi, Rezvan Najafi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19253","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Bacterial polysaccharides have diverse applications, including antimicrobial compounds, bio-preservatives, prebiotics, and wound-healing hydrogels. <i>Weissella confusa</i> is notable for its high polysaccharide yield among lactic acid bacteria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The bacteria were identified via 16s rRNA and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production was performed in a 10% skim milk and 10% sucrose medium. FT-IR, SEM, and HPTLC analyzed functional groups, spatial structure, and EPS units. Moreover, MTT assay, DPPH, and Kirby-Bayer disk method assessed cell proliferation, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial effects of EPS. Additionally, Prebiotic potential and growth kinetics of exopolysaccharide were examined using the Thitiratsakul method. Furthermore, EPS effects on MMP and TIMP gene expression in fibroblast cells were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The purified polysaccharide from <i>W. confusa B4-2</i> (Accession: KY290603), with a yield of 53 g/L, consists of glucose, fructose, and diglucuronic acid. This non-toxic polysaccharide (99-100% cell survival) exhibits 75% free radical scavenging activity along with significant antimicrobial effects against <i>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</i> It also shows a high prebiotic score (0.912), accelerating wound healing in fibroblast cells while reducing collagen-degrading gene expression, particularly matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Notably, exopolysaccharides downregulated MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 gene expression levels by approximately 1.3, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.16 times, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These features highlight the commercial significance of <i>W. confusa</i> in the food, pharmaceutical, and health industries, surpassing lactobacilli with lower production yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"613-622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity assessment of Hepatitis A-VP1 and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) fusion protein: a novel bivalent vaccine candidate.","authors":"Mina Hannan, Leila Jabalameli, Mohammad Reza Aghasadeghi, Naser Harzandi, Seyed Mehdi Sadat","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19257","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Subunit vaccines have the privilege of utilizing immunogenic parts of the variable viruses. The current preventive vaccines against Hepatitis A are based on live-attenuated virus or wild-type growth in cell culture, which is a time-consuming and costly procedure. Thus, the investigation of immunogenic Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) regions seems to be a rational priority. We aimed to evaluate a novel chimeric protein composed of truncated HAV-VP1 and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as a bivalent vaccine candidate in BALB/c mice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The HAV-VP1 (amino acids 99 to 259) and HBsAg fusion protein were applied as a bivalent vaccine in combination with adjuvants. The purified protein was administered through different regimens via subcutaneous injection. Two weeks following the final immunization, serum samples were gathered to assess the humoral responses. Moreover, splenocytes were investigated and assessed for IL-5 and IFN-γ secretion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The immunized mice with recombinant truncated HAV-VP1-AAY-HBsAg showed a significant immune response, especially in combination with the M720 adjuvant. Humoral immune response results indicated Th1 switching by IgG2a and IgG2b dominancy. Moreover, IFN-γ secretion reached the highest rate in the truncated HAV-VP1-AAY-HBsAg+M720 recipients (p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HAV-VP1-AAY-HBsAg protein subunit vaccine could help the immune system fight HAV and HBV by stimulating both the humoral and cellular immune systems. The formula proposed in this study has the potential to produce an endemic vaccine based on the circulating HAV viruses in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"636-643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of yeast strains isolated from dairy products in Isfahan, Iran.","authors":"Rasoul Mohammadi, Fatemeh Safari, Masoud Sami, Hamidreza Falahati, Ziyaaddin Keshavarzpour","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19262","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Yeasts play a dual role in dairy processing, serving as beneficial fermentative agents that enhance product quality through flavor, texture, and probiotic properties, while also posing spoilage risks if uncontrolled. This study aimed to characterize yeast isolates from industrial and traditional dairy products in Isfahan using PCR-sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 155 dairy samples (fresh/stored, traditional/industrial) were collected. Yeasts were cultured and identified via PCR amplification and sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of ITS sequence data identified 28 yeast strains representing eleven species across seven genera, including <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (n=8) <i>Kluyveromyces marxianus</i> (n=6), <i>Pichia kudriavzevii</i> (n=4), <i>Candida orthopsilosi</i>s (n=2), <i>Pichia membranifaciens</i> (n=2), <i>Pichia cactophila</i> (n=1), <i>Pichia fermentans</i> (n=1), <i>Galactomyces candidum</i> (n=1), <i>Torulaspora delbrueckii</i> (n=1), <i>Debaryomyces hansenii</i> (n=1), and <i>Kluyveromyces lactis</i> (n=1). Phylogenetic analysis grouped isolates into two clusters. Industrial cheese and both industrial/traditional yogurts showed the highest yeast diversity and counts. Notably, <i>C. orthopsilosis</i> was found only in industrial milk and cheese, suggesting potential processing-related contamination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the diversity of yeast microbiota in dairy products and underscores the efficacy of ITS sequencing for accurate yeast identification in the dairy industry, aiding quality control and spoilage prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"660-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of pediatric nosocomial fungal infections.","authors":"Parisa Badiee, Hadis Jafarian","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19258","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of nosocomial fungal infections in pediatric patients and evaluate the etiological agents, risk factors, and sites of infections.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Clinical samples were cultured to assess fungal colonization. When fungal nosocomial infections were suspected according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria, clinical samples were evaluated using direct microscopic, culture, and molecular methods. Susceptibility patterns of the isolates were evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the 1450 patients, 190 cases (5.5%) were evaluated for nosocomial fungal infections. <i>Candida</i> colonization was observed in 35 (18.4%) patients. The rate of nosocomial fungal infections in pediatrics was 2.69% (12 cases with proven and 27 cases with probable infections, 39/1450). Bloodstream and lungs were the frequent infected sites of patients' body. <i>Aspergillus</i> species (<i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>), <i>Candida</i> species (<i>Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata</i>) and Mucorales were the etiologic agents of infections. Caspofungin and luliconazole were effective antifungal agents for isolated fungi. The rate of mortality in infected patients suffering from proven and probable infections was 15.4% (6/39 cases).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the high mortality rates of fungal infections in pediatrics, it is essential to identify modifiable risk factors, and implement control measures along with early detection techniques in pediatric populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"644-652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transplant failure in relation to BK viremia status among kidney transplant recipients in Jordan.","authors":"Rabaa Y Athamneh, Reema Bani Saeed, Omaymah Abulannaz, Rawan Abudalo, Muna Oqal","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19256","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) poses a significant threat to kidney transplant (KT) recipients due to immunosuppression, leading to BK-associated nephropathy (BKVN) and reduced transplant survival. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of BKPyV among kidney transplant recipients in Jordan and to evaluate the association between BKPyV activity and kidney transplant outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Jordanian Royal Medical Services Hospital (JRMS) from 2021 to 2024. Blood samples (n=157) from kidney transplant recipients were collected, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed to detect BKPyV DNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of BKPyV infection among kidney transplant recipients was 40.8% (n=64). Transplant failure occurred in 36% of cases (n=57), with BKPyV-DNA viremia observed in 74% of those with transplant failure (n=42). The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in patients under 18 years of age (81%, p<0.001) and in males (72%, p<0.001). BKPyV infection increased the odds of transplant failure tenfold.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Jordan, the prevalence of BKPyV among kidney transplant recipients is high, particularly in males and younger patients. BKPyV significantly increases the risk of kidney transplant failure. Other studies are needed to further elucidate the impact of BKPyV on kidney transplant rejection and complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"629-635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>: challenges and advances.","authors":"Yousra Sbibih, Abderrazak Saddari, Ilham Alla, Said Ezrari, Elmostapha Benaissa, Yassine Ben Lahlou, Mostafa Elouennass, Adil Maleb","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19248","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, identified in 1982, remains a major cause of gastric infections. Despite extensive research, an ideal treatment regimen for its eradication is yet to be determined, with antibiotic resistance posing a significant challenge. This study, conducted at Mohammed VI University Hospital, aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of different therapeutic protocols for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This 13-month retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory of Mohammed VI University Hospital in Oujda, Morocco, to evaluate patients suspected of <i>H. pylori</i> infection using the urea breath test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 190 patients were included, with an overall eradication rate of 73%. Three therapeutic protocols were tested, and bismuth concomitant therapy showed the highest eradication rate at 82%, outperforming the other regimens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of combining antimicrobial agents with antisecretory treatments to enhance eradication outcomes. The study also emphasizes the need for novel treatment strategies, particularly in light of rising antibiotic resistance. Vonoprazan-based regimens appear to offer a promising alternative, especially in the absence of antibiotic sensitivity testing. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols while preserving beneficial gut flora.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"593-599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emerging threat of multidrug-resistant <i>mecA</i> gene-positive coagulase-negative Staphylococci.","authors":"Samira Fattah Hamid, Aza Bahadeen Taha, Shler Qasim Hussien","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19272","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), previously classified as normal bacterial flora, have recently been associated with serious infectious diseases. The clinical isolation rate of these bacteria has increased in parallel with a rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and species diversity of CoNS and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two hundred samples were collected from patients attending outpatient clinics. Bacterial genus, species, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were confirmed by the Vitek2 system. The <i>mecA</i> gene was then detected in all isolated bacteria using a polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently isolated bacterium was <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i> accounting for 37.83% of the isolates and was identified in different specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility profile illustrated the highest resistance against cefoxitin, followed by erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, levofloxacin, clindamycin, and tobramycin. The <i>mecA</i> gene was detected in 95.49%, and all isolates demonstrated resistance to one or more classes of antibiotics. The highest degree of multiple resistance involved six classes of antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci is alarmingly high. Periodic surveillance of multidrug-resistant CoNS is essential to monitor changes in their antimicrobial susceptibility and to prevent their transition from opportunistic pathogens to regular pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"577-585"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of virulence factors and genes associated with biofilm and protease in <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> isolates in Bushehr, Iran.","authors":"Neda Shadvar, Forough Yousefi, Afshin Barazesh, Saeed Tajbakhsh","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19229","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the virulence factors and genes associated with biofilm and protease in <i>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</i> in Bushehr, Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty-seven <i>S. maltophilia</i> isolates (67 clinical and 20 environmental isolates) were studied. The isolates were assessed for the production of virulence factors including several enzymes and biofilm. To detect <i>rmlA, rpfF, spgM, smf-1, StmPr1</i> 868 bp, <i>StmPr1</i> 1621 bp, and <i>StmPr2</i> genes, PCR and sequencing were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All isolates (100%) produced DNase, hemolysin, protease, lipase, and hyaluronidase. Seventy-eight (89.7%) isolates were gelatinase producers, and 85 (97.7%) isolates were lecithinase producers. All isolates were biofilm producers: 79 (90.8%) isolates produced strong biofilm, 5 (5.7%) isolates produced moderate biofilm, and 3 (3.5%) isolates produced weak biofilm. The frequency of <i>smf-1, rmlA, rpfF,</i> and <i>spgM</i> was 93.1%, 86.2%, 26.4%, and 59.8%, respectively. The frequency of protease genes including <i>StmPr1</i> 868 bp, <i>StmPr1</i> 1621 bp, and <i>StmPr2</i> was 12.6%, 41.4%, and 18.4%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed a high frequency of isolates that produce DNase, hemolysin, protease, gelatinase, lipase, lecithinase, hyaluronidase, and biofilm. All isolates that harbored <i>spgM</i> or <i>rpfF</i> or both genes were strong biofilm producers. Notably, the presence of isolates that lacked <i>spgM</i> and <i>rpfF</i> genes but produced strong biofilm indicates that in addition to these two genes, other genes or factors may play a role in the production of strong biofilm. Based on this research, <i>S. maltophilia</i> in our area possesses the capability to produce several factors that could play roles in pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"559-568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of luliconazole and caspofungin on planktonic and biofilm of <i>Candida albicans</i> from different sources.","authors":"Mahboubeh Shabanzadeh, Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei, Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19261","DOIUrl":"10.18502/ijm.v17i4.19261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The ability of <i>Candida albicans</i> to produce biofilm is considered an important pathogenic factor. In addition, the low sensitivity of biofilms to antifungal drugs is a challenge for patients, clinicians, and laboratory workers. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of luliconazole and caspofungin on the planktonic and biofilm types of <i>C. albicans</i> strains.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty <i>C. albicans</i> from vaginitis, candiduria, gastrointestinal candidiasis, and saliva were examined for antifungal susceptibility against caspofungin and luliconazole using the CLSI M27 guideline. Moreover, the susceptibility of biofilms was detected using 96 well microplates and the MTT method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The capacity of the isolates to produce biofilm within 2, 6, and 24 h was different, however, all tested isolates produced biofilm after 24 h. Vaginal and esophagitis isolates had a high and low ability for biofilm production during 24-hour incubation. In our study, 90% of isolates were sensitive to caspofungin, while 7.5 and 2.5% of them were intermediate and resistant. The MIC range of all isolates against luliconazole was 0.01562-1 μg/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MICs of biofilms were 15.6, and 171.3 higher than that of planktonic cells for caspofungin and luliconazole, respectively. Moreover, paradoxical and trailing effects occurred at 4 and 32 μg/mL of caspofungin and luliconazole, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":"17 4","pages":"653-659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}