Iranian journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Rapid leukocyte esterase detection of cytological endometritis in dairy cows.","authors":"A Sajadi, M Kafi, H Sharifiyazdi, M Azari","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50736.7507","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50736.7507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Certain limitations are associated with all kinds of diagnostic techniques used for the identification of bovine cytological endometritis under field conditions. Leukocyte esterase (LE) tape of urinary test strips has been used to detect cytological endometritis with an acceptable level of agreement with endometrial cytology in lactating dairy cows; however, the sampling procedure of LE tape strips is still time-consuming and not advisable for use at the farm level.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study was designed to provide a simpler and faster LE test to improve the field applicability of LE tape strips for the detection of bovine cytological endometritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Endometrial samples were collected using cytobrush and modified LE tape techniques from slaughtered (n=74) and live dairy cows (n=43). The urinary strip's LE tape was affixed onto the cytobrush rod head using a hot glue adhesive. This modification created the possibility of rapid reading of the intensity of color change of LE tapes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering the cytology as the reference method, the sensitivity and specificity of the LE method for slaughterhouse samples were 82% and 73%, respectively. The agreement between endometrial cytology and the modified LE technique, considering the combination of slaughterhouse and clinical samples, was found to be moderate (=0.51; P<0.0001) in the present study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A rapid leukocyte esterase test can be used as a cow side and potential alternative to endometrial cytology; however, the efficacy of this method should further be evaluated based on the conception rates in dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 1","pages":"78-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12423994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effect of rosmarinic acid loaded magnetic nanoparticles against growth and biofilm formation of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from poultry meat.","authors":"A Poursafar, L Asadpour, M Mokhtary","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51467.7647","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51467.7647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, one of the causes of food poisoning, plays an important role in causing gastrointestinal inflammation.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Given the spread of antibiotic resistance in <i>S. aureus</i>, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid (RA) loaded magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄NPs@RA) on inhibiting the growth and biofilm formation of <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from meat samples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fe₃O₄NPs@RA have been synthesized and their antimicrobial activities were investigated against <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from poultry meat by broth micro-dilution. The anti-biofilm effect of these nanoparticles and their effect on the expression level of biofilm-associated genes were investigated using microplate and real-time PCR methods. The killing properties of Fe₃O₄NPs@RA against test bacteria investigated by time-kill assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Fe₃O₄NPs@RA against <i>S. aureus</i> isolates ranged from 31.2-125 µg/ml. Also, the treatment with a sub-MIC concentration of Fe₃O₄NPs@RA prevented the formation of biofilm by 50-82%, in different isolates and downregulated the expression level of <i>ica</i>A and <i>ica</i>D. Also, the treatment with the MIC concentration of Fe₃O₄NPs@RA caused a 2.4-fold decrease in the population of living bacteria after 4 h and the number of living bacteria decreased more than 99% after 8 h. In the cytotoxicity assay, during 48 h, Fe₃O₄NPs@RA had no cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells at concentrations lower than of 300 µg/ml.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study showed that Fe₃O₄NPs@RA were effective in inhibiting the growth and biofilm formation of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates and could be further investigated as an option for controlling <i>S. aureus</i> in food samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12640156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145587401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Leishmania infantum</i> in an ownership dog (<i>Dogo Argentino</i>) with lymphadenopathy and extensive cutaneous lesions: Hematological, biochemical, microscopical and molecular findings.","authors":"T Yaghoobpour, E Rakhshandehroo, H Sharifiyazdi, M Nematinejad","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51376.7628","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51376.7628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Leishmania</i> spp. are the cause of a common zoonotic illness. Dogs are the main reservoirs of the parasites, which play a considerable role in infecting humans and other hosts.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 2-year-old male dog with evident acute skin lesions and ulcerative nodules on the face was referred to a small animal hospital in Mazandaran province, Iran. In order to detect <i>Leishmania</i> parasites, the popliteal lymph node (LN) was sampled for the microscopical examination and the PCR reaction. Also, the hematological and biochemical parameters were measured.</p><p><strong>Findings/treatment and outcome: </strong>Light microscopy on the LN sample stained with Giemsa revealed Leishman bodies inside and outside of macrophages. Laboratory findings showed mild leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, neutrophilia, low hematocrit, hyperglobulinemia, hyperproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, declined albumin/globulin ratio, and hyperglycemia. The PCR and sequencing results confirmed that <i>Leishmania</i> infantum was the causative agent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to <i>L. tropica</i> and <i>L. major</i> is prevalent in humans and dogs in Iran. In this report, a generalized skin disease was evident caused by <i>L. infantum</i>, a viscerotropic parasite species. In addition to cutaneous signs, leukocytosis and anemia concordance with the change in biochemical parameters supported a visceral invasion. Therefore, this report is significant as the cutaneous form of the disease may also imply a complicated visceral illness. In Mazandaran province, the visceral type has been rarely reported. As a result, this form of leishmaniasis in dogs raises concerns about the possibility of zoonotic transmission and may threaten public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"194-199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12640157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in biological and environmental matrices in dairy production systems in Isfahan, Iran.","authors":"S Jalali Jalalabadi, A Omidi, A Rasooli, M Mohebbi-Fani, B Keshavarzi","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.53424.8021","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.53424.8021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contamination with heavy metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in dairy production systems poses significant public health risks due to their bioaccumulative nature.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study investigated the levels of As, Cd, and Pb in multiple matrices within dairy farms in Isfahan Province, Iran, and assessed associated health risks, particularly among children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 180 samples (water, milk, feed, feed supplements, manure, and tail hair) were collected from 30 industrial dairy farms. Samples were stratified by herd size, milk yield, and proximity to industrial zones. Metal concentrations were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Hazard quotients (HQs) for Pb exposure through milk consumption were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pb levels in raw milk exceeded national standards (0.02 mg/L) in over 50% of farms, particularly in small, and those located near industrial areas. Cd and As levels in milk were generally below detection limits, though As, Cd, and Pb exceeded regulatory limits in tail hair on a significant number of farms. Strong and significant correlations were observed between Pb levels in milk and those in supplements (r_s=0.68), manure (r_s=0.81), and tail hair (r_s=0.59), suggesting systemic exposure. HQs for Pb intake via milk remained below 1 in both adults (0.027) and children (0.173), though children faced higher relative risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contamination in small farms near industrial zones underscores the need for more stringent feed quality regulations and more frequent biomonitoring using non-invasive markers like tail hair, which has proven effective as a biomarker for chronic metal exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The therapeutic effects of ovarian stromal stem cells in the natural ovarian aging process in rats.","authors":"G Yildirim, M S Unal, F Altinbasak, S Tan","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.52273.7805","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.52273.7805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Natural ovarian aging (NOA) is characterized by the age-dependent, gradual depletion of the primordial follicle reserve in the ovarian cortex, a decline in oocyte quality, and the potential to lead to infertility.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study investigated the effects of stromal stem cells (OSCs) isolated from the ovary on ovarian tissue and folliculogenesis by transplanting these cells into the ovaries of rats undergoing ovarian aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve 12-14-month-old Sprague Dawley rats with regular oestrous cycles and reduced oocyte counts were divided into control (n=6) and OSC transplantation (n=6) groups. Stromal stem cells isolated from 23-25-day-old female rat ovaries were injected into the OSC group. Follicle counts and ovarian morphology were assessed via hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR), and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) expression in ovarian tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, while serum AMH, FSH, and estradiol (E2) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 30 days, ovarian function improved with increased ovarian reserve and tissue architecture showed marked improvement. IGF-1 and AMH expression were significantly higher in the OSC group than in controls (P=0.02), there was no statistically significant difference in FSHR expression between groups (P=0.09). Unlike AMH levels (P=0.5129), Serum E2 levels rose significantly in the OSC group (P=0.0001). Serum FSH levels were similar between the groups (P=0.444).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that OSC transplantation may improve ovarian function and reserve in aged rats, presenting a potential regenerative treatment for natural ovarian aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"298-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glabridin ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation in a bovine intestinal cell line and a colitis mouse model.","authors":"Y An, J Lu, X Wang, C Zhang, Sh Wang, Y Ma, Y Qiu, Sh Guo","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50560.7464","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50560.7464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress (OS) adversely affects the intestinal health and mucosal barrier function in dairy cows. Glabridin (Glab), a natural flavonoid derived from licorice, has been shown to mitigate stress-related damage due to its antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess the impact of Glab on OS-induced damage in the bovine immortalized cell line (BIECs-21), validate its effectiveness <i>in vivo</i>, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>in vitro</i> OS model of BIECs-21 was established using 400 μM H₂O₂. The study evaluated cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, oxidative markers, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis in BIECs-21 under various treatment conditions. Additionally, the effects of Glab were investigated in a murine model of experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glab improved cell viability, reduced LDH release, and mitigated the adverse effects of H₂O₂ on total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that H₂O₂ exposure resulted in decreased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf</i>2), superoxide dismutase 1 (<i>SOD</i>1), NADPH quinine oxidoreductase-1 (<i>NQO</i>1), and heme oxygenase-1 (<i>HO</i>-1), while it increased the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (<i>NF-κB</i>), tumor necrosis factor-α (<i>TNF-α</i>), interleukin-6 (<i>IL</i>-6), and interleukin-8 (<i>IL</i>-8), ultimately leading to apoptosis in BIECs-21. Notably, Glab supplementation partially reversed these effects. Similar benefits of Glab were observed in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Glab reduces OS-induced apoptosis <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> by enhancing antioxidant capacity and reducing inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"278-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of lecithin nanoliposomes addition to fresh low-density lipoprotein-based diluent for cold storage of ram semen.","authors":"R Nahri, M Eslami, F Farrokhi-Ardabili","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51361.7626","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51361.7626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maintaining the quality of collected semen is a crucial goal in assisted reproductive technologies.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of lecithin nanoliposomes (LNLs) addition to purified low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-based extender on cold preservation of ram semen for up to 72 h.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ejaculates were collected from fertile rams, assessed, diluted with tris-citric acid-fructose-purified LDL extender, pooled and used within the experiment. Experimental groups supplemented with 0 (control), 1, 2, 4, and 8 mM, LNLs and stored at 4°C for 72 h. Kinematics, viability, DNA fragmentation index (DFI), membrane integrity (MI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total nitrate nitrite (TNN) were assessed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total motility, forward progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and straightness variables were improved by 1-8 mM LNLs addition (P<0.05). Greater viability (at 48 and 72 h) and MI (at 24, 48 and 72 h), and lower DFI (at 24, 48 and 72 h) were detected in LNLs treated groups compared with the control group (P<0.05). LNLs addition at 2-8 mM resulted in lower amounts of MDA and TNN at 48 and 72 h (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LNLs were recommended as a protectant in ram semen tris-LDL-based diluent because they reduce peroxidative/nitrosative damage, fragmented DNA indices, and improve kinematics during cold preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 3","pages":"270-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> investigation of the cytotoxic effects of various honeybee venoms on Caco-2 and T98G cells.","authors":"S Pehlivan, E Yarsan","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50439.7442","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.50439.7442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) venom contains several biologically active peptides, including melittin, apamin, enzymes, and non-peptide components. Due to its biologically active components, honeybee venom demonstrates antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic properties.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of honeybee venoms collected from different provinces in Turkey on colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and glioblastoma multiforme (T98G) cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The apamin, phospholipase A2, and melittin contents of honeybee venoms were analyzed using a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) variable wavelength detector. The viability of cells after 24-hour exposure to honeybee venoms was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) (ΜTT), neutral red (NR), and dehydrogenase leakage (LDH) assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Content analysis showed that Mugla had the highest apamin content, while Denizli had the highest phospholipase A2 and melittin contents among the analyzed bee venoms. For Caco-2 cells, the lowest inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values were observed in the Denizli venom group, with MTT and LDH results of 12.42 ± 0.19 µg/ml and 8.19 ± 0.61 µg/ml, respectively. For T98G cells, these values were 5.98 ± 0.40 µg/ml and 5.04 ± 0.17 µg/ml, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that honeybee venoms from different provinces contain varying levels of apamin, phospholipase A2, and melittin. The cytotoxic effects observed on Caco-2 and T98G cell lines suggest that honeybee venom may have potential as an anticancer agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12571430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145409091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular evaluation of <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> in livestock, characterization of virulence genes, and pathogenic potential of the retrieved isolates in Iran.","authors":"F Moein Jahromi, Y Tahamtan, M Kargar, A Doosti, F Kafilzadeh","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51317.7617","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2025.51317.7617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pasteurellosis remains one of the most economically important diseases in Asia. <b>Aims:</b> The present study aimed to isolate <i>Pasteurella</i> multocida from cattle, sheep, and goats, perform molecular identification and capsular typing, evaluate the presence of selected virulence genes, examine pathogenicity using minimum infectious dose (MID) assay, and determine antimicrobial susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed on 600 samples collected from ailing sheep, goats and cattle. Identification of <i>P.</i> <i>multocida</i> isolates using standard biochemical tests and <i>kmt</i>1 gene amplification, molecular capsular typing, and identification of 14 virulence genes were determined by PCR method. The pathogenicity of each isolate was assessed by injecting a minimum infectious dose (9 × 10⁶ CFU/ml) of the isolate suspension into Balb/C mice. The susceptibility of isolates for 9 antibiotics was investigated using the disk diffusion method according to CLSI criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total number of 80 isolates were identified as <i>P. multocida</i> from 38 sheep, 28 goats and 14 cattle. Type A was the most prevalent capsular type (62.5%), while capsular type B was not detected. Among the virulence genes, <i>exb</i>D (97.5%), <i>plp</i>B (90%), <i>pm</i>HAS (82.5%), <i>exb</i>B (80%), and <i>tox</i>A (80%) were the most frequently observed. <i>hsf</i>2 was the only adhesion gene in cattle. MID results showed that 62 isolates infected mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that the presence of a greater number of virulence factors does not correlate with increased pathogenicity. Pathogenesis of <i>tox</i>A gene is mostly dependent on the host and this gene alone cannot cause disease in sheep, goats and cattle. Among the studied antibiotics, enrofloxacin was preferred for the treatment of pasteurellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"26 2","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12571431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145409121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the shelf life of rainbow trout fillets using edible sodium caseinate coating with <i>Oliveria decumbens</i> essential oil nanoemulsion, vitamin E and sodium dodecyl sulfate.","authors":"L Nikravan, S Maktabi, M Ghaderi Ghahfarrokhi, M Mahmoodi Sourestani","doi":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.48884.7185","DOIUrl":"10.22099/ijvr.2024.48884.7185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of essential oil nanoemulsions has emerged as a promising strategy for extending the shelf life of highly perishable foods, like fish, by leveraging their natural antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study investigated the effects of an edible sodium caseinate coating incorporating <i>Oliveria decumbens</i> essential oil (<i>Od</i>-EO) and its nanoemulsion (<i>Od</i>-NEO), along with vitamin E and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on the shelf life of rainbow trout fillets during refrigeration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fish samples were coated by immersion in pure sodium caseinate (SC), SC+<i>Od</i>-EO, and SC+<i>Od</i>-NEO. Sensory (odor, color, texture, overall acceptance), chemical (pH, total volatile basic nitrogen [TVB-N], thiobarbituric acid [TBA], and peroxide value [PV]), and microbiological analyses (total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, psychrophilic anaerobic bacteria, and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. counts) were conducted over 15 days of storage at 4°C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study results indicated that fillets treated with SC+<i>Od</i>-NEO exhibited significantly higher quality compared with other treatments. Additionally, the combination of nanoemulsion, vitamin E, and SDS showed synergistic effects in reducing microbial growth, delaying lipid oxidation, and improving organoleptic quality, extending the shelf life of rainbow trout fillets up to 15 days. Overall, the correlation analysis highlights the interdependence of microbial, chemical, and sensory parameters and reinforces the role of SC-NEO-based treatments in mitigating spoilage and maintaining the sensory quality of fish fillets during storage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results highlight the potential of nanoemulsion-based coatings as an innovative and effective strategy for extending the shelf life of highly perishable fish products. Coting with SC+<i>Od</i>-NEO+Vit E+SDS can be recommended as an effective food preservative.</p>","PeriodicalId":14629,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of veterinary research","volume":"25 4","pages":"333-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}