Intervirology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of Two Similar Novel HIV-1 Recombinant Forms (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) among Intravenous Drug Users in Guangxi, China.","authors":"Fei Zhang,&nbsp;Yao Yang,&nbsp;Bingyu Liang,&nbsp;Yuan Yang,&nbsp;Qiuyu Wei,&nbsp;Peijiang Pan,&nbsp;Li Ye,&nbsp;Hao Liang","doi":"10.1159/000517052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000517052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New kinds of HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs) earn a great prevalence in China nowadays. In this study, we identified 2 similar URFs (2016GXNNIDU037 and 2019QZLSIDU253) both isolated from intravenous drug users (IDUs) in Guangxi, China. Phylogenetic analysis of the near full-length genome (NFLG) revealed 2 URFs both clustered with CRF01_AE but setting up a monophyletic branch, supporting a high bootstrap value. Bootscan analysis and subregional recombinant analysis found that the NFLG of 2016GXNNIDU037 and 2019QZLSIDU253 were both composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC, with 3 CRF07_BC mosaic segments inserted into CRF01_AE backbones. The CRF01_AE segments of the 2 URFs clustered with a previously reported cluster 2 lineage of CRF01_AE. The 5 recombinant breakpoints of the 2 URFs were quite similar. Distinct from CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC URFs reported before, 2016GXNNIDU037 and 2019QZLSIDU253 are new evidence of a high genetic variety of HIV-1 in Guangxi, which may pose new challenges to HIV-1 prevention and molecular epidemiological surveillance in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000517052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39119282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Resveratrol on Hepatitis B Virus Replication: In vitro and in vivo Experiments.","authors":"Peipei Pan,&nbsp;Jiaohui Li,&nbsp;Wei Lin,&nbsp;Guangyan Long","doi":"10.1159/000525807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000525807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a disease with high incidence and lack of effective treatment. In this study, we further explored the mechanism of resveratrol (RVT) in the inhibition of HBV replication. The effects of RVT on HBV replication were verified using in vitro and in vivo experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cell lines were cultured in vitro, and different concentrations of RVT were used to determine its effect on the proliferation of the two cell lines. Autophagy agonists and inhibitors were given, and whether RVT exerts its effect on the proliferation of HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells through autophagy was determined. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect changes in autophagy-related factors LC3-II, LC3-I, Beclin 1, and p62. Through transfection of pmiR-155, shmiR-155, and the corresponding control group, the relevant mechanism of RVT in inhibiting the proliferation of HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells was analyzed. RVT inhibited the toxicity for HepG2.2.15 cells and reduced HBV replication in vitro (p < 0.05). This effect of RVT was enhanced by rapamycin (RAPA; autophagy activator; p < 0.05) but was partially reversed by 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor; p < 0.05). In addition, our results showed that miR-155 expression was higher in HepG2.2.15 cells than in HepG cells (p < 0.05). miR-155 expression in the RVT treatment group was significantly reduced (p < 0.05). We designed an miR-155 overexpression plasmid, low miR-155 expression plasmid, and the corresponding negative control for transfection and found that transfection of pmiR-155 can partially reverse the effect of RVT (p < 0.05), while transfection with shmiR-155 can enhance the effect of RVT (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>RVT inhibits miR-155, activates autophagy, inhibits the toxicity for HepG2.2.15 cells, and reduces HBV replication, providing a new research direction for the treatment of HBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9677841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33463686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection and Risk of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani,&nbsp;Farid Rajabi,&nbsp;Mohsen Qurbani,&nbsp;Yousef Erfani,&nbsp;Somayeh Yaslianifard,&nbsp;Azam Moosavi,&nbsp;Kiomars Pourrostami,&nbsp;Ali Baradaran Bagheri,&nbsp;Alireza Soleimani,&nbsp;Farida Behzadian,&nbsp;Mahshid Safavi,&nbsp;Farhad Rezaei","doi":"10.1159/000517930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000517930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a neurological disease that is accompanied by excessive fatigue or tiredness. There are several reports confirming the association between human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection and CFS illness. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to integrate the information of published studies with regard to this association until May 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search was based on keywords including \"chronic fatigue syndrome and HHV 6,\" \"chronic fatigue syndrome and HHV-6,\" \"chronic fatigue syndrome and HHV6,\" \"chronic fatigue syndrome and Herpes virus 6,\" and \"chronic fatigue syndrome and Herpesvirus6\" in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and EMBASE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature search identified 17 studies to be included in the systematic review and 11 studies in meta-analysis. The symmetry funnel plot and Egger's test (p value = 0.2) identified no publication bias among studies. Moreover, the low level of I2 revealed homogeneity across studies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In conclusion, the association between the HHV-6 infection and CFS incidence was substantiated. However, the results of this study also suggest that further comprehensive studies are needed to solidify the association between HHV-6 and CFS. Future studies should consider additional factors that may have affected the significance of such a correlation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000517930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39275244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latest Insights on the Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment Strategies of COVID-19.","authors":"Sarah S Hassanein, Muhammed R Sharaby, Noran M Tawfik, Suzan A Rashed, Mohamed Adel, Ayat Fayez, Heba Mansour, Haitham M Amer","doi":"10.1159/000522336","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000522336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 has emerged as the most serious pandemic in the 21st century to date. COVID-19 patients may develop various disease symptoms that hinder the accurate clinical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Routine diagnosis of COVID-19 requires complementary investigations, including computed tomography, immunological assays, and molecular assays like real-time RT-PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, and clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-based assays. Clinically approved antiviral drugs available for the COVID-19 treatment are very limited. The most common measurements that enhance health condition and patients' viability are conservation fluid management, oxygen therapy, and antibiotics. Several therapeutic options have been developed or repurposed to prevent virus replication and/or modulate the immune response against virus infection. These options include various drugs that affect virus entry and membrane fusion, inhibit polymerase and protease activity, suppress the host pro-inflammatory cytokines, and utilize cell therapy approaches.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>In this review, we aimed to provide an up-to-date discussion on the current diagnostic options and therapeutic strategies used to control and manage COVID-19 in clinical and point-of-care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9148896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Single-Center Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Entecavir, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B.","authors":"Sara Jeong,&nbsp;Hyun Phil Shin,&nbsp;Ha Il Kim","doi":"10.1159/000519440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and entecavir (ETV) are recommended as primary treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ETV, TDF, and TAF in a real-world clinical setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 363 CHB patients who were treated with ETV (n = 163), TDF (n = 154), or TAF (n = 46) from July 2007 to September 2019 were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median patient age was 51 years and 66.4% of patients were male. Median duration of treatment with ETV, TDF, or TAF was 49.0 months (interquartile range, 27.0-74.0 months). In terms of safety, cholesterol was mildly increased in the ETV and TAF groups and significantly lowered in the TDF group than baseline (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in liver cirrhosis-related complications among the 3 groups at 48 weeks (p = 0.235). Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion, complete virological response, and alanine aminotransferase normalization at 48 weeks as measures of treatment efficacy were not significantly different among the 3 groups (p = 0.142, 0.538, and 0.520, respectively). There was also no significant difference in cumulative incidence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between the ETV and TDF groups (p = 0.894).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ETV, TDF, and TAF were safe antiviral agents and showed similar antiviral effect for CHB at 48 weeks. Cirrhosis-related complications and annual HCC incidence rates did not differ significantly between the ETV and TDF groups over the 48 week follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9153351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39853974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis E Virus Capsid as a Carrier of Exogenous Antigens for the Development of Chimeric Virus-Like Particles.","authors":"Tianyu Lu,&nbsp;Nouredine Behloul,&nbsp;Yi Zhou,&nbsp;Sarra Baha,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Liu,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wei,&nbsp;Rui-Hua Shi,&nbsp;Jihong Meng","doi":"10.1159/000515719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000515719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Virus-like particles (VLPs), self-assembled multiprotein structures, can stimulate robust immune responses due to their structural similarity to native virions that allow the presentation of multiple copies of the target epitopes. Utilizing VLPs as vaccine platforms to present exogenous antigens is a promising and challenging approach in the vaccine development field. This study investigates the potential of the truncated hepatitis E virus (HEV) capsid as a VLP platform to present foreign antigens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The S and M domains of the HEV capsid protein were selected as the optimal carrier (CaSM). The exogenous antigen Seq8 containing 3 neutralizing epitopes from 3 different foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains was linked to the C-terminal of CaSM to construct a chimeric VLP (CaSM-Seq8). The chimeric particles were produced in Escherichia coli, and their morphology, physicochemical properties, antigenicity, and immunogenicity were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological analysis showed that CaSM-Seq8 self-assembled into VLPs similar to CaSM VLPs (∼26 nm in diameter) but smaller than native HEV virions. Further, the thermal stability and the resistance to enzymatic proteolysis of Seq8 were enhanced when it was attached to the CaSM carrier. The antigenicity analysis revealed a more robust reactivity against anti-FMDV antibodies when Seq8 was presented on CaSM particles. Upon injection into mice, FMDV-specific IgGs induced by CaSM-Seq8 appeared earlier, increased faster, and maintained higher levels for a longer time than those induced by Seq8 alone or the inactivated FMDV vaccine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated the potential of utilizing the truncated HEV capsid as an antigen-presenting platform for the development of chimeric VLP immunogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39555557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Parvovirus in Manchurian Chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus asiaticus) Captured in Korea.","authors":"Jin Il Kim,&nbsp;Kwangsook Park,&nbsp;Hyunho Shin,&nbsp;Soo Min Choi,&nbsp;Ki-Joon Song","doi":"10.1159/000520388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cross-species transmission of viral diseases alarms our global community for its potential of novel pandemic events. Of various viral pathogens noted recently, parvoviruses have posed public health threats not only to humans but also to wild animals. To investigate the prevalence of parvoviruses in wild Manchurian chipmunks, here we detected genetic fragments of the nonstructural protein of parvovirus by polymerase chain reaction in wild Manchurian chipmunk specimens captured in the central and southern regions of South Korea and compared their sequence homology with references. Of a total of 348 specimens examined, chipmunk parvovirus (ChpPV)-specific gene fragments were detected with a 31.32% rate (109 chipmunks of 348) in their kidney, liver, lung, and spleen samples, and the chipmunks captured in Gangwon Province exhibited the highest positive rate (45.37%), followed by Gyeongsang (35.29%), Gyeonggi (31.03%), Chungcheong (20.00%), and Jeolla (19.70%). When compared with the reference sequences, a partial ChpPV sequence showed 97.70% identity to the previously reported Korean strain at the nucleic acid level. In the phylogenetic analysis, ChpPV exhibited closer relationship to primate parvoviruses, erythroviruses, and bovine parvovirus than to adeno-associated viruses. Despite limited sample size and genetic sequences examined in this study, our results underline the prevalence of ChpPV in Korea and emphasize the need of close surveillance of parvoviruses in wild animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9501794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39557615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Markers among Patients of the Ibn Sina University Hospital Center (Rabat, Morocco).","authors":"Mourad Feindiri, Hakima Kabbaj, Mohammed El Mzibri, Bouchra Belkadi, Najat Bouihat, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf, Myriam Seffar","doi":"10.1159/000518618","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000518618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Viral hepatitis B is a global scourge affecting millions of people worldwide. In Morocco, hepatitis B is considered a public health problem, and available data converge to consider Morocco as a country with intermediate endemicity. In the present study, we have planned to evaluate the HBV prevalence in Morocco on a large scale and to assess the prevalence of different serological markers for better management of this infection in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 18,877 patients referring to the Ibn Sina University Hospital Center of Rabat, Morocco. HBV serological markers including HBsAg, HBsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, and total HBcAb were assessed by immune-enzymatic assays. The quantification of HBV DNA was performed by real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of positive cases for HBsAg, HBsAb, and total HBcAb was 2.47%, 27.66%, and 21.2%, respectively. From 141 patients with an isolated HBcAb serological profile (HBcAb+/HBsAb-/HBsAg-), HBV DNA was detected in 10 patients, representing a rate of 7.09%. In the present study, up to 95.78% of HBV chronic carriers were negative for HBeAg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights a higher prevalence of HBsAg in the hospital-based population than the general population reported previously in Morocco and a very low HBV immunization coverage. Of particular interest, detectable HBV DNA levels in isolated HBcAb patients show that exclusive HBsAg screening cannot eliminate the risk of HBV transmission in certain cases. Many efforts are then mandatory to promote serological testing and increase the vaccination rate to limit viral dissemination for better management of this disease in Morocco.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9153348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39413636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000519993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519993","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Intervirology 2021;64:215–216","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disinfection effect of hexadecyl pyridinium chloride on SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.","authors":"Keda Chen, Fei Ma, Ying Wang, Xinying Zhuang, Xun-Shan Zhang, Haiyan Mao, Yanjun Zhang","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-458096/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-458096/V1","url":null,"abstract":"The novel coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV) is a respiratory virus that can exist in the mouth and saliva of patients and spreads through aerosol dispersion. Therefore, stomatological hospitals and departments have become high-infection-risk environments. Accordingly, oral disinfectants that can effectively inactivate the virus have become a highly active area of research. Hexadecyl pyridinium chloride, povidone-iodine, and other common oral disinfectants are the natural primary choices for stomatological hospitals. Therefore, this study investigated the inhibitory effect of hexadecyl pyridinium chloride on SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Vero cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 were used to determine the disinfection effect; the CCK-8 method was used to determine cytotoxicity, and viral load was determined by real-time PCR. The results showed that hexadecyl pyridinium chloride has no obvious cytotoxic effect on Vero cells in the concentration range 0.0125-0.05 mg/mL. The in vitro experiments showed that hexadecyl pyridinium chloride significantly inhibits the virus at concentrations of 0.1 mg/mL or above at 2 min of action. Thus, the results provide experimental support for the use of hexadecyl pyridinium chloride in stomatological hospitals.","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42051683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}