Intervirology最新文献

{"title":"Genetic and Antigenic Variability in VP4 and VP7 of Group A Human Rotavirus in Yunnan, China from 2015-2020.","authors":"Haoyu Ma, Meifen Wang, Liufang Chuan, Shuying Long, Lijuan Qiu, Canchun Zhao, Qiangming Sun, Zhen Zhang, Hongchao Jiang","doi":"10.1159/000546065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus(RVs) A is one of major reasons which causes severe dehydration diarrhea. It is also one of the high morbidity disease in children. There are only a few reports about the changes in prevalence and VP4 / VP7 genotype of RVs in southwest China.Here is the report about the prevalence of RV from 2015 to 2020 in Yunnan, southwest China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The virus genes were extracted from RV positive samples, then VP4/VP7 genes were amplified, followed by sequencing and Gene typing, Phylogenetic analysis, antigenic epitope variation analysis and selective pressure analysis were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>135 VP4 gene sequences and 143 VP7 gene sequences were obtained from stool samples during 2015 to 2020. Of them, P[8] genotype accounted for 97.0% of total, while the P[4] genotype accounted for 3.0%. As for the VP7 genotype, G9 genotype accounted for 86.0% of total, the G3 genotype accounted for 9.1%, and the G2 genotype accounted for 4.9%. G9P[8] was identified as the predominant RV strain during the epidemic season in Yunnan during 2015 to 2020. Phylogenetic analysis showed that G9 genotype sequences were primarily similar to African strains (KJ753473, KY661937), while P[8] genotype sequences were close to Southeast Asian strains (JQ837878, KX362594). In antigenic epitope variation analysis, among 37 epitope of P[8] genotype, the RotaTeq™ vaccine strain covers 31 amino acid positions, Rotarix™ covers 28 amino acid positions, while LLR covers only 9. In the representative sequence of the G9 genotype, RotaTeq™ vaccine strains cover 27 out of 29 amino acid positions, Rotarix™ cover 16 positions, and LLR cover 16 positions. The results of the selective pressure analysis indicated potential positive sites for the G9P[8] genotype located at vp7-44, vp7-100, vp7-221, vp7-278, vp4-3 and vp4-4.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows that G9P [8] is the most dominant rotavirus genotype in Yunnan China. Consistent with the recent epidemic trend of RV strains in China, this study could provide new perspectives on vaccine research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 and Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Common Respiratory Viruses in Children: A Five-Year Study in Hangzhou, China.","authors":"Jianming Zhou, Yanhong Sun, Hao Shen, Liaoqiao Yang, Qing Ye, Hongmei Zhu, Zhiwen Zhu","doi":"10.1159/000546151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only curbed the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) but also affected common respiratory viruses infected by children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples of children diagnosed with respiratory tract infection in Children's Hospital affiliated with Zhejiang University from January 2019 to December 2023 were collected, and ADV, Flu A, Flu B and RSV were detected. Statistical analysis was carried out with R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2019 to December 2023, a total of 684413 samples were tested, including 369620 males, accounting for 54.01%, and 314793 females, accounting for 45.99%. Among them, there were 213443 positive samples (31.19%), of which 40484 ADV-positive samples (18.97%), 106423 Flu A-positive samples (49.86%), 32379 Flu B-positive samples (15.17%) and 30776 RSV-positive samples (14.42%), 3381 mixed infection samples (1.58%). Among children of different ages in Hangzhou before, during and after COVID-19, the highest total detection rate of respiratory virus was 4-6 years old (accounting for 36.69%), followed by >7 years old (accounting for 35.10%). The distribution in different seasons shows that the number of children infected with respiratory viruses reaches a peak in winter and spring. Compared with 2019 (33.20%) before the COVID-19 epidemic, the total detection rate of common respiratory viruses in children was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic (24.54% in 2020-2022), and it was increased in 2023 while after NPIs were cancelled (accounting for 35.20%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NPI measures can effectively reduce the spread of common respiratory viruses, Lifting of NPIs can lead children to an increase viral infection rate, particularly in Flu A.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"1-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000544027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000544027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":"68 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of Pathogens Causing Viral Diarrhea in Yichang in 2022 and 2023.","authors":"Jing Li, Zhengyuan Su, Abulimiti Moming, Jin Qian, Danna Zhang, Kangping Zhou, Yingle Liu, Bailin Liu, Kun Cai, Juan Yang","doi":"10.1159/000543907","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study compared the pattern of viral diarrhea in Yichang City, China, in 2022 and 2023 before and after the lifting of the COVID-19 restrictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stool samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with diarrhea at three hospitals in Yichang from January to October 2022 and January to June 2023, before and after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions, respectively. Samples were simultaneously tested for 13 types of enteric virus using a rapid multiplex assay that could simultaneously detect 13 types of five enteric viruses, including rotavirus (groups A, B, C, and H), norovirus (I, II, IV, VII, VIII, and IX), adenovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Testing of 458 samples showed variations in pathogen distribution by age group. Specifically, there was an increase in the number of viral infections among adults, a decrease among children, an increase in coinfection rates, and variability in virus positivity in 2023 compared to 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multiplex assay method improved diagnostic efficiency and provided epidemiological insights. This study highlights the impact of public health transitions on viral diarrhea epidemiology, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptable strategies in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study compared the pattern of viral diarrhea in Yichang City, China, in 2022 and 2023 before and after the lifting of the COVID-19 restrictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stool samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with diarrhea at three hospitals in Yichang from January to October 2022 and January to June 2023, before and after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions, respectively. Samples were simultaneously tested for 13 types of enteric virus using a rapid multiplex assay that could simultaneously detect 13 types of five enteric viruses, including rotavirus (groups A, B, C, and H), norovirus (I, II, IV, VII, VIII, and IX), adenovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Testing of 458 samples showed variations in pathogen distribution by age group. Specifically, there was an increase in the number of viral infections among adults, a decrease among children, an increase in coinfection rates, and variability in virus positivity in 2023 compared to 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multiplex assay method improved diagnostic efficiency and provided epidemiological insights. This study highlights the impact of public health transitions on viral diarrhea epidemiology, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptable strategies in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination Therapy with Secretome of Reovirus-Infected Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Metformin Improves Anticancer Effects of Irinotecan on Colorectal Cancer Cells in vitro.","authors":"Maliheh Elhamipour, Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, Asghar Abdoli, Negar Sharifi, Hesam Karimi, Saeed Soleyman Jahi, Ruth Kvistad","doi":"10.1159/000542356","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Irinotecan, a topoismorase 1 inhibitor, has been used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. It was shown that monotherapy alone is largely ineffective. The combination therapy was used for antitumor activity. The synergistic anticancer effects of oncolytic reovirus-infected secretome in combination with irinotecan and metformin are evaluated in vitro. The aim of research was to assess anticancer impacts of ReoT3D, irinotecan, metformin in combination, against murine colorectal cancer cells (CT26).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The L929 and the CT26 colorectal cancerous cell lines were treated in vitro with irinotecan, metformin, the Dearing strain of reovirus serotype 3 (ReoT3D) (V), and the secretome of intact (S) or reovirus-infected murine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SV). The cell viability was measured by MTT, and the apoptosis rate was analyzed by annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry 48 and 72 h after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that cells exposed to a combination of SV+Met+I had significantly lower cell viability and higher apoptosis rates as compared to cells exposed to Met+I, 48 and 72 h. These results suggest that metformin in combination with irinotecan and reovirus produces a synergistic effect on cell death, and adding reovirus-infected secretome (SV) to a Met+I regimen induces a higher apoptosis rate compared to Met+I alone. Based on the results, the combination of SV+Met+I has induced more apoptosis than S, SV, SV+I, and SV+Met. Also, all of the combined treatments induced apoptosis significantly versus secretome alone.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In this in vitro study, we found that the combination of T3D reovirus (oncolytic virus) and metformin with the anticancer drug irinotecan resulted in higher rates of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in the colorectal cancer cell line. This synergistic effect was even more pronounced when using the combination of secretome derived from reovirus-infected AD-MSCs, metformin, and irinotecan.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We highlight that the combination of ReoT3D-derived secretome with irinotecan and metformin showed a synergistic anticancer effect on the CT26 cell line, and this strategy may be considered as a new approach against colorectal cancer in the in vitro and in vivo in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Prevalence of Preexisting Antibodies against Human Adenoviruses, Surveyed from 1962 to 2021.","authors":"Hui Luo, Qian Zhou, Jinqi Feng, Yi Wu, Huangliang Chen, Meihan Mao, Rui Qi","doi":"10.1159/000538233","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are extensively used as vectors for vaccines development and cancer therapy. People who already have antibodies against HAdVs, on the other hand, would have an impact on the preventative or therapeutic effect. This review focuses primarily on the prevalence of pre-existing antibodies against HAdVs in distinct geographical populations.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>After screening, 64 studies from 31 countries between 1962 and 2021 were selected, totaling 39,427 samples. The total prevalence of preexisting antibodies to HAdVs varied by country or location, ranging from 2.00 to 95.70%. Southeast Asia had the highest prevalence (54.57%) while Europe had the lowest (18.17%). The prevalence in practically all developing nations was higher than in developed nations. Adults have a greater frequency than children and newborns in most nations. The primary HAdV antibody types varied by country. Adults in China, the USA, the United Kingdom, and Belgium had the lowest prevalence of preexisting antibodies against HAdV55, HAdV37, HAdV8, and HAdV36, respectively. Children in the USA, China, the United Kingdom, and Japan had the lowest rates of HAdV48, HAdV11, HAdV8, and HAdV40. The frequency of antibodies differed significantly between military and civilian groups.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Preexisting antibodies against various types of HAdVs differed greatly throughout worldwide populations. Future development of HAdV-vector vaccines and medicines should focus on preexisting antibodies in target groups rather than a \"one-size-fits-all\" strategy. It might be advantageous in selecting HAdV vectors for studying the prevalence of preexisting antibodies against HAdVs in different locations and people throughout the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"19-39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11006277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140059337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences between Chronically Hepatitis B Virus-Infected Pregnant Women with and without Intrafamilial Infection: From Viral Gene Sequences to Clinical Manifestations.","authors":"Fan Gao, Xia Li, Xiaona Wang, Hankui Liu, Wentao Zhang, Yidan Zhang, Yanju Jia, Ziyan Zhao, Guiqin Bai","doi":"10.1159/000539994","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the differences between pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and intrafamilial infection and those without intrafamilial infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HBV-DNA was extracted from the sera of 16 pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and their family members for gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. A total of 74 pregnant women with CHB were followed up from the second trimester to 3 months postpartum. Viral markers and other laboratory indicators were compared between pregnant women with CHB with and without intrafamilial infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The phylogenetic tree showed that HBV lines in the mother-spread pedigree shared a node, whereas there was an unrelated genetic background for HBV lines in individuals without intrafamilial infection. From delivery to 3 months postpartum, compared with those without intrafamilial infection, pregnant women with intrafamilial infection were related negatively to HBV-DNA (β = -0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.76 to -0.12, p = 0.009), HBeAg (β = -195.15, 95% CI: -366.35 to -23.96, p = 0.027), and hemoglobin changes (β = -8.09, 95% CI: -15.54 to -0.64, p = 0.035) and positively to changes in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (β = 73.9, 95% CI: 38.92-108.95, p &lt; 0.001) and albumin (β = 2.73, 95% CI: 0.23-5.23, p = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mother-spread pedigree spread model differs from that of non-intrafamilial infections. Pregnant women with intrafamilial HBV infection have less hepatitis flares and liver damage, but their HBV-DNA and HBeAg levels rebound faster after delivery, than those without intrafamilial infection by the virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"72-82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions for Assessing the Reliability of HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring in Resource-Constrained Settings.","authors":"John Paul Demosthenes, Ben Chirag Ghale, Diviya Alex, Veena Vadhini Ramalingam, Gnanadurai John Fletcher, Priya Abraham, Rajesh Kannangai","doi":"10.1159/000535064","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV-1 RNA detection is the most reliable method for monitoring treatment response among people living with HIV. Effective quality control measures that include internal quality control (IQC) are challenging in resource-constrained settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We ascertained the utility of the kit low positive control (LPC) as an effective IQC to monitor the reliability of the HIV-1 viral load assay. Variations in LPC values were measured for 390 different runs over 10 years (2011-2021) and compared to in-house IQC data using Levey-Jennings control chart.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the Levey-Jennings analysis showed minimal variation (±0.5 log) for both the LPC and IQC data. The mean LPC value for first 20 runs (20 days) was 2.91. The mean LPC value for the 390 runs comprising 35 different lots was 3.01 ± 0.1 log.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our decadal data reveal that Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay (Abbott Molecular Inc., IL, USA) LPC exhibited no significant biological variation over 390 runs distributed over 10 years. Hence, assay LPC can supplant the IQC for monitoring assay trends as a stable and commutable material in resource-constrained settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10765359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138440712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GSK-3β as a Potential Coordinator of Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways in Hepatitis C Virus Insulin Resistance.","authors":"Gokul C Das, F Blaine Hollinger","doi":"10.1159/000535787","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic hepatitis C infection can result in insulin resistance (IR). We have previously shown that it occurs through the interaction of pathways for glucose homeostasis, insulin signaling, and autophagy. But it is not known how soon the pathways are activated and how IR is related to the signals generated by catabolic and anabolic conditions occurring in infected cells. We have extended our studies to a cell culture system mimicking acute infection and to downstream pathways involving energy-sensor AMPK and nutrient-sensor mTOR that are active in catabolic and anabolic processes within the infected cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Huh7 liver cells in culture were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We performed proteomics analysis of key proteins in infected cells by Western blotting and IP experiments, with or without IFNα exposure as a component of conventional therapeutic strategy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We present evidence that (a) IRS-1 Ser312, Beclin-1, protein conjugate Atg12-Atg5 or GS Ser641 are up-regulated early in infection presumably by activating the same pathways as utilized for persistent infection; (b) Bcl-XL, an inhibitor of both autophagy and apoptosis, is present in a core complex with IRS-1 Ser312 and Beclin-1 during progression of IR; (c) AMPK level remains about the same in infected cells where it is activated by phosphorylation at Thr172 concomitant with increased autophagy, a hallmark of catabolic conditions; (d) an mTOR level that promotes anabolism is increased rather than decreased under an expanded autophagy; (e) hypophosphorylation of translational repressor 4E-BP1 downstream of mTOR is suggestive of reduced protein synthesis; and (f) β-catenin, is up-regulated but not phosphorylated suggesting indirectly our previous contention that its kinase, GSK-3β, is mostly in an inactive state.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report that in the development of IR following chronic infection, anabolic and catabolic pathways are activated early, and the metabolic interaction occurs possibly in a core complex with IRS-1 Ser312, Beclin-1, and autophagy inhibitor Bcl-XL. Induction of autophagy is usually controlled by a two-edged mechanism acting in opposition under anabolic and catabolic conditions by AMPK/mTOR/4E-BP1 pathway with GSK-3β-mediated feedback loops. However, we have observed an up-regulation of mTOR along with an up-regulation of AMPK caused by HCV infection is a deviation from the normal scenario described above which might be of therapeutic interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"6-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Enteric Viruses Causing Acute Gastroenteritis among Children under 5 Years Old in Distrito Central, Honduras.","authors":"Jafet Ortiz-Quintero, Yessy Cabrera, Lurys Bourdett-Stanziola, Annabelle Ferrera","doi":"10.1159/000540253","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diarrheal diseases constitute a significant public health problem in terms of mortality and morbidity. In Honduras and around the world, RVs have consistently emerged as the single most important etiologic agent in acute childhood diarrhea. However, other viruses, such as NoVs and HAstVs, have also been shown to be responsible for viral gastroenteritis. Unfortunately, the country has limited information concerning the etiologic role of these viral agents in acute gastroenteritis. This study investigated the frequency, genotypes, and epidemiological characteristics of RV-A, NoVs, and HAstVs among children under 5 years old in Distrito Central, Honduras.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stool samples and their corresponding epidemiological data were collected from children with acute gastroenteritis in three healthcare centers in Distrito Central. All samples were screened by immunoassays for RV-A and HAstVs. RV-A-positive samples were molecularly characterized by RT-PCR and genotyping assays. RT-PCR was also applied to confirm HAstVs positivity and to detect NoVs, followed by nucleotide sequencing to assign their genotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results show that at least one viral agent was detected in 31% of the children. The frequency of RV-A, NoVs, and HAstVs was 14%, 13%, and 5%, respectively. The most frequent RV-A genotype was G2P[4], occurring in 93% of cases. 92.3% of NoVs-positive samples belonged to genogroup II, with GII.4 and GII.16 being the most common. HAstVs were clustered into three genotypes: HAstV-1, HAstV-2, and HAstV-8. Only one sample showed coinfection with NoVs and HAstVs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive molecular and epidemiological characterization of enteric viruses demonstrates the vast diversity of these agents and describes for the first time NoVs and HAstVs as causative agents of acute childhood gastroenteritis in Distrito Central, Honduras. This suggests that further in-depth studies of the pediatric population are necessary to develop and implement effective preventive and control measures in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":14547,"journal":{"name":"Intervirology","volume":" ","pages":"83-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}