International Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Esculetin inhibits TGF-β2-induced proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells.","authors":"Abdulkadir Can Çınar, Ayça Küpeli Çınar, Riza Serttas, Hande Güçlü, Suat Erdogan","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03753-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03753-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a multifactorial pathological condition resulting from the migration of various cell types, primarily retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, into the vitreous cavity. Currently, the only effective treatment for PVR is surgery; however, its outcomes remain suboptimal. Esculetin, a natural dihydroxycoumarin derivative, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. However, its effects on cell transformation and migration induced by transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) have not yet been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanisms of esculetin in regulating migration and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), key processes in the progression of PVR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effect of the treatment on cell survival was determined by the MTT test. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) subjected to serum starvation were treated as follows: cells were incubated for 48 h with either 10 ng/ml TGF-β2, 12.5 μM esculetin, or a combination of both agents applied simultaneously. Cells treated with vehicle alone were defined as the control group.The impact of this treatment on cell migration was evaluated using a wound healing assay, while apoptosis was analyzed by Hoechst staining assay. mRNA and protein expression levels were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assay, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Esculetin inhibits the proliferation, transformation of RPE cells modified by TGF-β2, reverses cell morphology and inhibits cell migration in a wound healing assay. Treatment with esculetin reduces the expression levels of mesenchymal markers such as MMP-1, -2, -9, fibronectin, α-SMA, vimentin, as well as transcription factors Snail, Slug, ZEB-1 and Twist, which were upregulated by TGF-β2 treatment. Conversely, the epithelial markers E-cadherin, ZO-1 and occludin were up-regulated by esculetin treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that esculetin may inhibit RPE cell migration and EMT processes involved in the development of experimentally induced PVR through various molecular mechanisms. Although these results are limited to in vitro observations, they indicate the potential of esculetin as a non-invasive therapeutic agent for PVR, pending further validation through future in vivo and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous platelet gel as adjunctive therapy for severe corneal ulcers: a pilot study.","authors":"Merieme Harouch, Safaa Jihad, Younes Allou, Francesco D'Oria, Marco Ferrise, Davide Borroni, Marco Zagari, Cosimo Mazzotta","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03776-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03776-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the clinical feasibility and potential efficacy of a novel autologous platelet gel (APG) formulation-combining platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and autologous thrombin serum (ATS)-for the treatment of severe corneal ulcers with persistent epithelial defects refractory to conventional medical therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot exploratory study describes a prospective case series of 10 patients (mean age 60 years) presenting with nonhealing corneal ulcers of various etiologies. All patients received APG applied as a single overlay or plug under a bandage contact lens, along with supportive therapy (lubricants, antibiotics, mydriatics, and PRP eye drops). Outcome measures included epithelial healing time, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and AS-OCT imaging. Descriptive analysis was used due to the small sample size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete epithelial healing was observed in all cases within a mean of 10 days (range 7-22 days). One patient required a repeat application due to incomplete healing after the initial procedure. CDVA improved from 0.034 ± 0.05 to 0.216 ± 0.4 LogMAR. No adverse events or ulcer recurrence were reported during a mean follow-up of 8 months (range 2-14 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This preliminary case series suggests that APG may represent a potential adjunctive therapy for promoting corneal healing in severe, treatment-resistant ulcers. However, due to the small sample size, heterogeneity of etiologies, lack of a control group, and variable follow-up, the evidence should be regarded as exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Larger, stratified, and controlled clinical trials are warranted to confirm safety and effectiveness relative to established therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral implantation of a non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens in a pediatric patient with lamellar cataract.","authors":"Sebastian Donald Marinow, Klemens Paul Kaiser, Jakob Wend, Thomas Kohnen","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03728-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03728-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present a case of a pediatric patient with infantile cataract, which was treated with lens extraction surgery and bilateral implantation of an extended depth of focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 13-year-old boy with bilateral lamellar cataract underwent standard phacoemulsification and bilateral implantation of a toric, non-diffractive EDOF IOL. Preoperative assessment included biometry, keratometry, and visual acuity testing. Postoperative follow-up included refraction, defocus curve, contrast sensitivity, and patient-reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a follow-up of three months uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity on both eyes was 0.1 logMAR. Uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (80 cm) was 0.2 logMAR (left eye) and 0.1 logMAR (right eye), while uncorrected near visual acuity (40 cm) was 0.5 logMAR (left eye) and 0.4 logMAR (right eye). The contrast sensitivity using Pelli Robson charts shows good results of 1.85 for both eyes. The patient indicated very low values concerning optical phenomena and was very satisfied. The patient reported that he occasionally uses reading glasses in close proximity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Bilateral implantation of a non-diffractive EDoF IOL resulted in high patient satisfaction with spectacle independence for distance and intermediate vision with an insignificant level of photic phenomena. The EDOF IOL appears to be a viable option for older pediatric patients undergoing cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12446101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upregulated miR-1298-5p sparks inflammatory onset and orchestrates pediatric dry eye disease progression.","authors":"Xilan Chen, Yue Hao, Jing Zhang, Yuling Bai, Yongxin Du, Qingjie Gai, Xingshuang Li","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03716-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03716-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial chronic ocular surface disorder with increasing annual prevalence in the pediatric population. MicroRNAs serve as biomarkers, yet the mechanistic role of miR-1298-5p in pediatric DED remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of miR-1298-5p in PDED and provide new insights into its clinical treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study enrolled 71 PDED and 68 healthy controls. Tear miR-1298-5p levels were quantified via RT-qPCR, while ELISA and HPLC measured inflammatory cytokines and serum vitamin A. Pearson correlation analysis evaluated associations between miR-1298-5p expression and inflammatory cytokines and vitamin A levels. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors for PDED. An in vitro LPS-stimulated PDED model was established in human corneal epithelial cells, followed by miR-1298-5p inhibition to assess apoptosis and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inflammatory factors, vitamin A levels, and outdoor activity time were significant risk factors for pediatric PDED. The level of miR-1298-5p in the tears of children with PDED is 1.5 times higher than that in the healthy control group (P < 0.001). It shows a strong positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.687), TNF-α (r = 0.604), and IL-1β (r = 0.610), and a negative correlation with vitamin A (r = -0.566). Multivariate analysis showed that miR-1298-5p was the strongest predictor of PDED (OR = 17.08, 95% CI 6.13-47.55). In vitro, miR-1298-5p inhibition reduced LPS-induced HCEC apoptosis and inhibited the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β inflammatory factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>miR-1298-5p emerges as a novel PDED biomarker, correlating with inflammation and vitamin A. It exacerbates corneal damage through apoptotic/inflammatory pathways, offering therapeutic targets and mechanistic insights.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of retinal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography and correlation with visual acuity in leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.","authors":"Qi Zhao, Ya Ma, Xiao Zhou, Ruikang Wang, Wenli Yang, Xiaoyan Peng, Wenbin Wei","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03619-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03619-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze macular microvascular networks and investigate correlations between visual acuity and quantitative parameters in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, including 25 eyes from 25 genetically confirmed chronic LHON patients and 25 eyes from 25 age-matched healthy controls. Images were obtained using a spectral domain OCTA system. Student's t-test for independent variables was employed to compare continuous variables between the LHON and control groups. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the correlation between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCTA parameters, which included vessel area density (VAD), vessel skeleton density (VSD), vessel diameter index (VDI), vessel complexity index (VCI), flux, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters, and the thickness of the general ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in LHON patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LHON eyes exhibited significant reductions in VAD, VSD, and flux across all sectors in the foveal region. VAD, VSD, VCI, and flux decreased in all sectors, while VDI increased in all sectors except the temporal sector in the parafovea, based on the traditional four sectors. In the six sectors matched with the GCC, VAD, VSD, and flux decreased in all sectors; VDI increased in the superonasal, inferior, and inferotemporal sector, while VCI decreased except in the inferotemporal sector. The circularity of FAZ decreased. BCVA was correlated with VAD in the inferotemporal, inferior, and inferonasal sector, VSD in all sectors, and GCC thickness only in the inferonasal sector.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LHON is characterized by diffuse impairment of the retinal microvasculature, predominantly affecting the macular region and corresponding to the papillomacular bundle. Furthermore, BCVA demonstrated significant correlations with retinal blood flow and structural parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of pathogenic variants in six Chinese families with keratoconus of autosomal dominant inheritance: pathogenicity analysis and variable phenotype.","authors":"Xiaoyu Huang, Meijiao Ma, Xiaofei Chen, Yuanyuan Lian, Huiping Li, Xunlun Sheng","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03740-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03740-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Keratoconus (KC) is a bilateral, asymmetric disease causing corneal thinning, irregular astigmatism, and vision decline, with unclear etiology. This study aims to investigate pathogenic variants of candidate genes in Chinese KC families via whole exome sequencing (WES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Pentacam 3D anterior segment analysis system was applied for keratectasia detection, and the Corvis ST was used for corneal biomechanics measurement. Probands from KC families were screened via WES and further verified in other family members through Sanger sequencing. Additionally, qPCR was used to validate copy number variants and identify pathogenic gene loci. The identified variants were then classified according to the Standards and Guidelines for the Interpretation of Sequence Variants published by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Finally, STRING protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks analysis was performed to investigate interactions among candidate gene-related proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using WES, four heterozygous missense variants were detected in the ZNF469, KRT12, COL8A2, and COL18A1 genes: c.4384G > A: p.Asp1462Asn, c.1229T > G:p.Val410Gly, c.505A > G:p.Ile169Val, and c.1159G > A:p.Gly387Arg. Additionally, a heterozygous frameshift variant was detected in the PMS2 gene: c.1551_1572del:p.Ser517Argfs*71. The affected parents carried the same variants as the probands verified by Sanger sequencing. A copy number variant was detected in the DPP6 gene: seq[GRCh38] dup(7)(q36.2q36.2) chr7:g.153782360_ 153982491dup. According to ACMG guidelines, ZNF469, KRT12, COL8A2, and COL18A1 gene variants are Likely Pathogenic; PMS2 and DPP6 gene variants are Pathogenic. STRING analysis highlights a tightly interconnected network centered on COL8A2, involving COL18A1, FN1, ZNF469, and KRT12. DPP6 was involved in KC via affecting FN1. In four of six autosomal dominant KC (adKC) families, affected parents had the same variants as probands but milder phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, six novel variants in ZNF469, KRT12, COL8A2, COL18A1, PMS2, and DPP6 were linked to adKC. Family phenotypes showed variable expressivity with irregular dominance inheritance. Abnormal KC-related gene protein expression may contribute to corneal structural instability. This study broadened KC genetic screening candidates and suggested genetic testing could aid early KC diagnosis and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal transplantation wound dehiscence after penetrating keratoplasty and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.","authors":"Simran R Sarin, Mark A Greiner, Gregory A Schmidt, Kanwal S Matharu, Kenneth M Goins, Anna S Kitzmann, Jennifer Ling, Michael D Wagoner, Christopher S Sales, Joanna I M Silverman","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03708-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03708-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study clinical characteristics and outcomes of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) wound dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series assessed PK and DALK recipients with wound dehiscence at a single institution. We evaluated relationships between dehiscence etiologies, transplant indications, ocular/systemic comorbidities, keratoplasty type, and adverse post-dehiscence outcomes, especially graft failure and visual loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wound dehiscence occurred in 97/1019 eyes (90/863 PK [10.4%] vs 7/156 DALK [4.5%]; p = 0.002). Median time to dehiscence was 6.6 months (range = 1 day-39.2 years). Primary causes included trauma (44.1%) and ulceration (36.1%). Leading surgical indications associated with dehiscence were microbial keratitis and corneal ectasia. Ocular surface disease, viral keratitis, glaucoma, diabetes, and smoking history were more prevalent in PK eyes. Graft failure post-dehiscence was more frequent after PK than DALK (61% vs 0%; p = 0.002) and more rapid with herpetic keratitis history (Log-Rank p = 0.02). Microbial keratitis-associated dehiscence was the strongest predictor of graft failure (odds ratio = 3.9, 95% CI 1.2-12.9). All 20 enucleations occurred in the PK group. Pre-dehiscence, PK eyes had worse habitually corrected visual acuity (HCVA; p = 0.008). Post-dehiscence, more PK eyes lost ≥ 2 Snellen lines (53.7% vs 14.3%; p = 0.058) and HCVA was worse than 20/200 (55.6% vs 0%; p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Wound dehiscence is a serious keratoplasty complication that may be associated with graft failure and vision loss, especially after PK. Careful selection of transplantation techniques and application of therapeutic strategies tailored for the specific surgical indication and associated comorbidities should be used to mitigate the clinical course.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography role in differentiating ischemic and non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.","authors":"Iman Abdulhalim Muhammed Elhabiby, Sameh Saad Mandour, Sara Abdel Megeed Nage","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03731-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03731-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the role of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in differentiating ischemic and non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 72 eyes with CRVO (36 ischemic, 36 non-ischemic), all presenting with macular edema. Participants underwent clinical evaluation, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and OCTA imaging. Key parameters analyzed included vessel density (VD) in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP), central retinal thickness (CRT), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimeter (PERIM), and flow density within 300 μm of the FAZ (FD-300).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ischemic CRVO eyes showed significantly lower superficial VD (45.13 ± 1.98 vs. 46.45 ± 3.42; p = 0.048), thinner CRT (390.53 ± 193.66 vs. 538.14 ± 139.63; p = 0.001), larger FAZ area (0.442 ± 0.239 vs. 0.245 ± 0.129; p = 0.001), and higher PERIM (2.82 ± 0.72 vs. 1.95 ± 0.56; p = 0.001) compared to non-ischemic eyes. FAZ (AUC = 0.769; sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 58.3%) and PERIM (AUC = 0.819; sensitivity = 88.9%, specificity = 66.7%) demonstrated strong diagnostic performance. Regression analysis identified age, intraocular pressure (IOP), CRT, FAZ, PERIM, and FD-300 as significant predictors of ischemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OCTA is a valuable, noninvasive tool for differentiating ischemic from non-ischemic CRVO based on quantitative microvascular parameters, with FAZ area and PERIM offering particularly strong diagnostic utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jueling Mingmu decoction combined with ranibizumab for retinal vein occlusion induced macular edema: A randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Wu Hongyan, Zhou Yao, Zhou Hangshuai","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03738-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03738-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>To investigate the efficacy of a combined treatment approach using Jueling Mingmu Decoction and ranibizumab in managing macular edema (ME) associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, randomized, controlled, outcome assessor-blinded superiority trial involved 111 patients with treatment-naïve RVO and ME, including 53 patients assigned to the ranibizumab monotherapy group and 58 to the combination therapy group. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab alone (monotherapy group) or combined with daily consumption of Jueling Mingmu Decoction (combination group). Primary outcomes included the number of intravitreal injections administered over 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield fovea thickness (CST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>99 patients (89.2%) completed the 48-week follow-up, including 46 of 53 patients (86.8%) in the monotherapy group and 53 of 58 patients (91.4%) in the combination group. The monotherapy group received an average of 4.35 ± 1.73 injections, while the combination group received 4.64 ± 1.92 injections (P = 0.471), with no significant difference between the groups. BCVA improved significantly in both groups, with the combination group showing a greater improvement at 48 weeks in patients with branch RVO (BRVO) compared to the monotherapy group (P = 0.031). CST decreased significantly in both groups, with the combination group showing a significantly lower CST at 36 weeks in BRVO patients (P = 0.018). No significant differences were observed between the groups for central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of Jueling Mingmu Decoction and ranibizumab appears to be a potentially effective treatment for improving visual and anatomical outcomes in RVO-related ME, especially in BRVO patients. However, it does not significantly reduce the number of required intravitreal injections compared to monotherapy. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the long-term efficacy and safety of this treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of retinal vascular structure via optic coherence tomography angiography in obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"Zeynep Akgun, Cumali Degirmenci, Mehmet Sezai Tasbakan, Ozen K Basoglu, Melis Palamar","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03724-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-025-03724-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluation of the retinal vascular structure with optic coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 47 severe (Group 1), 30 moderate (Group 2), and 25 mild (Group 3) OSA patients and 51 healthy volunteers (Group 4) were included. Total, parafoveal, perifoveal superficial (SCP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vascular densities, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and blood flow of choriocapillaris and outer retina were evaluated. Results were examined comparatively, and their correlation with hypoxia parameters (minSpO₂, meanSpO₂, T90%) in polysomnography was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in terms of age and gender (p = 0.155, p = 0.313, respectively). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of SCP and DCP (p > 0.005 for all parameters). FAZ were 0.28 ± 0.28, 0.26 ± 0.08, 0.25 ± 0.09, and 0.28 ± 0.98 mm² for Group 1-4, respectively (p = 0.880). For Group 1-4; blood flow areas of outer retinal layer were 8.38 ± 4.5 (4.5-17.1), 8.18 ± 1.9 (5-16.8), 8.62 ± 2.1 (5.5-17.2), 8.44 ± 3.2 (5.1-17.5) mm² and blood flow areas of choriocapillaris were 19.96 ± 1.4 (17.6-31.2), 19.98 ± 0.8 (18.5-21.6), 19.98 ± 1.1 (17.7-22.2), 19.97 ± 1.1 (18.1-23.2) mm², respectively (p = 0.622, 0.558, respectively). Total, parafoveal and perifoveal DCP densities were correlated with meanSpO₂ (ρ = 0.269, 261, and 0.277, respectively); total and perifoveal DCP densities were correlated with meanSpO₂ (r = 0.028, 0.042, respectively). No correlation was detected between T90% and any OCT-A parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After considering confounding factors, no significant difference was observed in the retinochoroidal circulation between the study group and healthy volunteers, or across different stages of OSA. The weak to moderate correlation between hypoxia parameters and DCP density may suggest that the microvascular structure could be impacted in the early stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144954330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}