International Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of static cyclotorsion correction using on photorefractive keratectomy outcomes in patients with moderate and high astigmatism.","authors":"Hadi Ostadimoghadam, Saeid Abdi, Saeedeh Shahbazi, Samira Hasanzadeh, Jamshid Jamali, Alireza Jafari","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03490-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03490-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the impact of static cyclotorsion correction using an automatic iris registration system on photorefractive keratectomy outcomes in patients with moderate and high astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a prospective observational approach involving59 patients with moderate to high astigmatism who underwent PRK. Patients were categorized based on static cyclotorsion correction (SCC) into two groups: SCC < 2 degrees and SCC ≥ 2 degrees. Refractive errors and corneal aberrations were assessed before and6 months after surgery. Subjective refraction and visual acuity measurements were taken pre- and post-operation, and corneal aberrometry was conducted using Sirius device. All patients underwent PRK with the SCHWIND AMARIS 1050RS device.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a mean SCC value of 2.20 ± 1.46 among patients, with 33 exhibiting clockwise and 26 anti-clockwise eye rotations. Significant differences in mean J45 were observed post-surgery between SCC groups (< 2 vs. ≥ 2 degrees) (p = 0.033). Changes in refractive errors did not significantly differ between groups. Significant differences were noted in spherical aberration-related RMS pre- and post-surgery for both SCC categories. Correlations were found between SCC values and various aberration parameters at different corneal levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Attention to SCC in PRK for moderate and high astigmatism patients is crucial, as SCC can significantly impact surgical outcomes, particularly concerning astigmatic vectors like J45 and corneal aberrations. Precise cyclotorsion adjustment is recommended to enhance vision quality, minimize post-operative aberrations, and optimize surgical outcomes in these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of iris pigment epithelium depolarization and associated factors using polarization-sensitive anterior segment optical coherence tomography.","authors":"Xiaoling Li, Risa Higashita, Lingxi Hu, Bing Yang, Zunjie Xiao, Masahiro Yamanari, Jiang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03473-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03473-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the distribution of depolarization and its association with demographic and ocular biometric factors, we used polarization-sensitive anterior segment optical coherence tomography (PS-AS-OCT), to investigate the characteristics of the iris pigment epithelium (IPE) in healthy eyes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A group of 105 healthy Japanese adults participated in this study, and PS-AS-OCT images were captured for both eyes. The IPE depolarization region was segmented from the horizontal scan of the left eye images. The measurement of depolarization was determined by assessing two parameters: the height of the IPE depolarization region in the grayscale entropy image and the melanin concentration rate in the color entropy image. To investigate the distribution of depolarization, the segmented region was evenly divided into 99 fractions. This division was then evaluated at various locations within the IPE depolarization region using the depolarization parameters. Subsequantly, we analyzed the values obtained in relation to demographic and ocular biometric factors. Such factors include age, gender, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and lens thickness (LT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 105 patients (age 39 ± 11yrs) fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including 84 males and 21 females. The height of the IPE depolarization region increased in both the pupillary and peripheral regions, while it remained stable in the midzone region. The distribution of melanin concentration rate exhibited a smooth pattern, with a decrease observed only in the periphery. Furthermore, the height of IPE depolarization in the peripheral region was found to be negatively correlated with AL and ACD, but positively correlated with LT, while the melanin concentration rate of specific points in mid-peripheral region was negatively correlated with AL (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By observing the distribution of IPE melanin-related depolarization in vivo though PS-AS-OCT, we identified the association between depolarization parameters and biometric factors AL, ACD and LT. This comprehensive baseline of the IPE depolarization parameters in healthy Japanese adults may offer valuable insights, especially in the context of pathological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ophthalmic vascular and neural structures in female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome and their relationship with disease severity.","authors":"Gülşah Çelik, Şebnem Koldaş Doğan, Mehmet Bulut, Hakan Büber, Doğan Durmaz","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03497-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03497-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate choroidal and macular thickness, as well as vascular structures in female fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to compare the results with healthy controls. Additionally, the relationship between these findings and disease severity was explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 62 female FMS patients and 60 healthy controls, conducted between January 2022 and October 2022 at the Antalya Training and Research Hospital. FMS patients were assessed based on American College of Rheumatology criteria. Tear production and stability were evaluated using Schirmer and Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) tests, while OCTA and OCT were used to examine vascular and choroidal structures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the FMS group was 43.11 ± 7.94 years. No significant difference was found in the Schirmer test, but the TBUT was significantly lower in the FMS group (p < 0.001). OCTA showed significantly lower deep capillary plexus (DCP) values in the FMS group, with a weak negative correlation between DCP and disease severity (r = -0.227, p = 0.012). Foveal avascular zone (FAZ), non-flow, and choroidal thickness were significantly higher in FMS patients (p < 0.050).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated a relationship between dry eye, vascular changes, and increased choroidal thickness with disease severity in female patients with FMS. The reduction in DCP, along with increases in FAZ, non-flow, and choroidal thickness, may be linked to vascular and inflammatory processes involved in FMS pathogenesis. The decrease in tear quality may be due to autonomic nervous system dysfunction. In conclusion, we suggest that autonomic dysfunction and inflammation in FMS may negatively affect retinal vascular structures and tear function.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden complication: retained cellulose sponge following trabeculectomy with subconjunctival mitomycin C.","authors":"Elif Ertan","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03487-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03487-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a rare complication of trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C (MMC) application due to the retention of a cellulose sponge fragment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 62-year-old male patient with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma presented with discomfort in the right eye. Examination revealed a retained sponge eroding the conjunctiva, located 4-5 mm posterior to the limbus. The sponge was removed without complications, and topical steroids and antibiotics were prescribed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The conjunctival area healed spontaneously within 10 days, with complete resolution of inflammation by one month. Follow-up at one year showed no deterioration in bleb formation or increase in intraocular pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights a rare complication associated with MMC use in glaucoma surgery. It underscores the importance of careful sponge removal to prevent retention and the necessity of close postoperative monitoring to identify complications early.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of long-term silicone oil tamponade on the density of blood vessels in the macular and peripapillary region in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.","authors":"Zhiru Zhang, Xueqin Zhang, Tianyu Yao, Jie Chen, Li Huang, Chen Qiu, Guihong Wu, Wei Yang, Yue He","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03460-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03460-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective purpose: </strong>To use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to evaluate changes in microvascular parameters in the macular and peripapillary areas of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) who received silicone oil (SO) tamponade for 6 months after vitrectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one eyes (21 patients) with macular-off RRD treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and SO tamponade were reviewed. All patients underwent OCTA to measure the vascular density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), and optical coherence tomography to measure the central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness throughout the 6-month postoperative period. Healthy fellow eyes were used as the control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vessel density and perfusion density of the whole area in the macular and peripapillary between the operated and control eye at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were significantly different (all p < 0.05). Compared to the contralateral eyes, the CMT (all p < 0.001) and RNFL (all p < 0.05) of the RRD eyes were significantly thinner. During the follow-up period, both the SCP VD and SCP PD in the macular area of the RRD eyes decreased with time (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with RRD who underwent PPV and intraocular SO tamponade, the retinal SCP VDs and PDs gradually decreased over time. CMT and RNFL were decreased compared with contralateral eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiological study of infectious keratitis at Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital.","authors":"Huong Duong Nguyen Viet, Huy Tran Ngoc, Hieu Nguyen Pham Trung, Vinh Lam Minh, Mai Nguyen Thi Truc, Simon Fung","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03495-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03495-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infectious keratitis remains a significant cause of vision impairment worldwide, particularly in developing countries like Vietnam, where socio-economic factors and environmental conditions contribute to its prevalence.</p><p><strong>Purposes: </strong>This study aims to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and microbiological causes of infectious keratitis at Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital, Vietnam, from August 2019 to January 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive study of 56 cases was analyzed using microbiological tests, including smear microscopy, culture, and RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial and fungal pathogens were the most common causes of infection, each responsible for approximately 35.71% of cases, with 17.86% exhibiting polymicrobial infections. Risk factors for infectious keratitis included trauma, systemic conditions like diabetes, and ocular conditions such as previous herpetic keratitis. Furthermore, RT-PCR was found to be more sensitive than traditional culture methods in detecting bacterial pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of timely intervention and improved diagnostic methods to mitigate the burden of infectious keratitis in Vietnam.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a disease-specific ceRNA coregulatory network for keratoconus diagnosis and landscape of the immune environment.","authors":"Jianqun Lu, Yuan Le, Juan Bi","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03488-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03488-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The early diagnosis of keratoconus (KC) is crucial for making treatment decisions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the potential disease-specific gene biomarker and landscape the immune environment in KC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The transcriptome data of KC was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and ArrayExpress databases for next analysis. The differently expressed mRNAs, microRNAs and lncRNAs between KC and control groups were firstly identified and the disease-specific protein-protein interaction (PPI) network as well as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) coregulatory network were constructed to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of KC. Besides, ElasticNet algorithm was used to develop a diagnostic model and associated nomograms to improve diagnosis of KC. Finally, multiple deconvolution methodologies were applied to decode the immune environment of KC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In brief, we constructed the disease-specific PPI and ceRNA networks in KC through integrative analyses. The pathway enrichment manifested that these networks were significantly associated with lipopolysaccharide, chemokine and inflammatory related pathways. Based on the ceRNA network, we constructed a diagnostic model and associated nomogram which manifested a good performance for diagnosis of KC. Moreover, contrasted to control groups, we obviously observed that a distinct immune microenvironment existed in KC patients. Via single-cell sequencing analysis, we found that immune cells (Monocytes, Macrophages, and T cells) were strongly connected with corneal cells in KC patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In sum, we systematically constructed a diagnostic model and associated nomogram which provided novel biomarkers for the early detection of KC. Besides, our study comprehensively displayed the immune microenvironment of KC which provided new insights for understanding the molecular mechanism of KC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal C3F8 versus SF6: effects on corneal tomography parameters and intraocular pressure in vitreomacular traction treatment.","authors":"Osman Sayin, Hasan Altinkaynak","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03486-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03486-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Investigate the effect of intravitreally administered C3F8 and SF6 expansile gases on corneal tomographic parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP) for the treatment of vitreomacular traction (VMT) with pneumatic vitreolysis (PV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent intravitreal C3F8 or SF6 injection for VMT treatment were assessed. Each eye underwent a complete ophthalmic examination pre-operation and 1 h, 6 h, 24 h post-operation, including IOP assessment and corneal tomographic analysis with Pentacam.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both groups, 30 eyes were included in study. Mean IOP in C3F8 group was 16.2 ± 2.7 mmHg pre-operation, 28.5 ± 14.1 mmHg at 6 h and 24.0 ± 2.5 mmHg at 24 h post-operation. Mean IOP in SF6 group was 16.1 ± 3.3 mmHg pre-operation, 29.6 ± 13.1 mmHg at 6 h and 16.7 ± 2.4 mmHg at 24 h post-operation. Increase in IOP was statistically significant at 6 and 24 h in the C3F8 group, whereas the statistically significant increase was only at 6 h in the SF6 group(p < 0.05). Anterior chamber angle showed statistically significant narrowing at 6 and 24 h in the C3F8 group, while statistically significant narrowing was observed only at 6 h in the SF6 group(p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in pachymetry measurements at apex and thinnest location, and corneal volume values at post-operative 1 and 6 h in both groups compared to pre-operative values(p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PV with SF6 should be preferred for VMT treatment in angle closure glaucoma, angle closure suspect and advanced glaucoma patients, since the increase in IOP due to angle narrowing in the C3F8 group remained at 24 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case-control prospective study to unravel zinc alpha 2 glycoprotein role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Prakash Umapathy, Kishore Arumugam, Ramya Benita Babu, Ramya R Nadig, Rajiv Raman, Girish Shiva Rao, Muna P Bhende, Viswanathan Natarajan, Ramkumar Km, Bharathidevi Subramaniam Rajesh","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03482-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03482-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading neurovascular complication affecting the working age group worldwide. Zinc alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is indeed an important adipokine, and it has been found to play a role in various metabolic conditions, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome and responses to lifestyle changes. In this study, we have assessed the levels of ZAG in the aqueous and vitreous humour of DR cases as a marker for the disease. It's a case-control prospective study wherein 65 Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) patients in the age group of 50-60 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus and with no other ocular complications were included. The PDR cases were classified with Tractional Retinal Detachment (TRD) and Fibrovascular Proliferation (FVP). 15 Macular hole (MH) patients in the age group of 60-70 years with no history of diabetes were included as disease control subjects. The groups were evaluated for demographic variables, biochemical parameters, vitreous ZAG levels and biomarkers. Data between the groups were compared statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant increase in ZAG protein levels was observed in both vitreous humour and aqueous humour of PDR cases compared to MH control. A positive correlation was observed between ZAG and various biomarkers like adiponectin, leptin, galectin-3, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- alpha). Unconditional logistic regression analysis was conducted, and ZAG had 20.167 odds ratio (95% CI 3.927-103.576, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study shows that ZAG is increased in the vitreous and aqueous humour of the PDR cases compared to the macular hole. It was also correlated with the already reported biomarkers. It could be a risk factor for the disease based on the odds ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the clinical management of Graves' Orbitopathy according to severity: a real-life Analysis.","authors":"Antonio Manuel Garrido-Hermosilla, María Concepción Díaz-Ruiz, Reyes Ravé-García, Francisco Javier Torres-García, María Leticia Lledó-de-Villar, Tomás Martín-Hernández, Virginia Moreira-Navarrete, Francisco Javier Toyos-Sáenz-de-Miera, Irene Martínez-Alberquilla, Mariola Méndez-Muros","doi":"10.1007/s10792-025-03499-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10792-025-03499-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Due to the clinical and prognostic implications of Graves' Orbitopathy (GO), clinical care needs to be tailored to current recommendations, but real-life information is scarce. We aim to describe GO management in a real-life setting for health care improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study evaluating the clinical performance of clinicians attending patients diagnosed with GO. All cases with GO from 2018 to 2021 were included in the analysis, with no exclusion criteria. We performed an evaluation of the healthcare provided to these patients, with clinical performance evaluated from diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoints. A backwards stepwise multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis was run to assess the variables associated with severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This was a cohort of 151 cases, predominantly of women in the fifth decade of life, most of whom had hyperthyroidism. There were 50 (33.1%) cases with moderate-severe GO, but none of them with sight-threatening disease. Total annualized visits were more frequent to endocrinologists than ophthalmologists, except for moderate-severe cases. Active smoking (57 cases; 37.7%), unstable hyperthyroidism (59 cases; 39.1%), and elevated maximum TSI levels (136; 90.1%) conditioned clinical care. Altogether, the performance of an imaging technique, the use of systemic corticosteroid therapy and eyelid surgery were significantly different in those with more severe GO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical care provided to patients with GO is variable and influenced by several variables. Both endocrinologists and ophthalmologists must coordinate to ensure a unified patient-tailored protocol that covers all these patients' needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14473,"journal":{"name":"International Ophthalmology","volume":"45 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}