International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of a global pandemic on access to cochlear implantation in children with congenital hearing loss","authors":"Jordan McNair,&nbsp;Jennifer Coto,&nbsp;Simon I. Angeli,&nbsp;Michelle Coppola,&nbsp;Samantha Espinal,&nbsp;Chrisanda M. Sanchez,&nbsp;Ivette Cejas,&nbsp;Meredith A. Holcomb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To highlight the impact of COVID-19 on the timeline from diagnosis to cochlear implantation (CI) for children with congenital hearing loss (HL) at a diverse multidisciplinary cochlear implant center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was completed for congenitally deafened children (n = 102) age 0–18 years who underwent first ear CI at our clinic. Patients were stratified into pre- (n = 49) and post- (n = 53) COVID-19 pandemic groups for analysis. Most patients were male (54.9 %), Hispanic (62.7 %), White (72.5 %), and had Medicaid/Managed care insurance (67.6 %). Over half listed English as their primary language (55.9 %) followed by Spanish (38.2 %). Most had an etiology of HL due to hereditary/genetic factors (73.6 %).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initial analyses between demographic factors (e.g., ethnicity, primary language) and outcome variables revealed no significant differences. No significant differences were found in pre- and post-COVID groups in time between HL evaluation and CI evaluation, time between HL evaluation and first ear CI, and in mean age at first ear CI between the pre- and post-COVID groups. Interestingly, differences in time between first HL evaluation at our clinic and second ear CI surgery pre- and post-COVID were found, with patients pre-COVID undergoing their second CI surgery approximately 7 months later than the patients post-COVID (M = 17.66 months, SD = 15.66; M = 10.76, SD = 10.62).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>COVID-19 did not negatively impact our timeline from diagnosis to CI for children with congenital HL. In fact, time between 1st and 2nd sequential CI improved post-COVID and provided quicker access to binaural hearing. Additionally, our English and Spanish speaking groups had equitable access pre- and post-COVID to audiological and HL treatment services regardless of preferred language. Overall, actions taken to minimize the impact of COVID restrictions allowed our clinic to maintain and, in some areas, improve access to CI for children with congenital HL from a diverse patient population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 112510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysomnographic diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in children with cerebral palsy – a 10-year retrospective review","authors":"Sonal Joshi ,&nbsp;Alexander Young ,&nbsp;Alyssa Chen ,&nbsp;Sarah Raven ,&nbsp;David A. Zopf ,&nbsp;Louise M. O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the frequency and characteristics of OSA in children with cerebral palsy (CP) referred to a sleep laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective review of pediatric patients (0–21 years) with CP who.</div><div>underwent PSG from January 2013 to December 2022 at a large tertiary medical center. Sleep staging and respiratory events were scored using standard criteria, with OSA defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥1 event/hour. Clinical data and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) scores were abstracted from medical records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 272 patients (56 % male, 44 % female; median age 7.7 years), 226 (83.5 %) met pediatric OSA criteria: 60.6 % were mild, 18.1 % were moderate, and 21.1 % were severe. While median AHI, Non-REM AHI, and REM AHI were 2.7, 2.3, and 4.9 events/hour, respectively, 13 children had an AHI &gt;30 (IQR: 5.6). Furthermore, minimum SpO2 had a median of 89 % (range: 46 %–96 %, IQR: 7.9). More severe GMFCS levels (IV/V) were associated with higher AHI and lower SpO2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Children with cerebral palsy have a high frequency of OSA. A substantial subset of children demonstrated profound desaturations associated with severe OSA. Notably, children with the greatest functional impairment (GMFCS scores of IV/V) exhibited the highest frequency of severe OSA indicating a pressing need for providers to identify and treat OSA in these complex patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 112512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Predictive value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage: Age-Specific insights from a pediatric cohort” [Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 196 (2025) 112480]","authors":"Mustafa Ibas ,&nbsp;Muruvvet Paksoy ,&nbsp;Mehmet Nuri Elgormus ,&nbsp;Hafize Uzun ,&nbsp;Erkan Karatas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the predictive value of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for postoperative hemorrhage following pediatric tonsillectomy and to explore its age-specific performance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 100 pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy at a single tertiary center between January 2021 and December 2025. Fifty patients with postoperative hemorrhage and 50 without bleeding were analyzed. Preoperative NLR values were compared between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to assess the predictive capacity of NLR. Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients aged ≤7 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The bleeding group had significantly higher preoperative NLR values compared to controls (2.72 ± 2.21 vs. 1.79 ± 0.72, p = 0.023). ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.632 for all patients and 0.697 for those aged ≤7 years. An NLR threshold of 2.35 provided 40 % sensitivity and 86 % specificity for predicting hemorrhage, while an NLR cut-off of 2.08 improved sensitivity (64 %) and specificity (83 %) in younger children. Multivariate analysis confirmed NLR as an independent predictor of postoperative bleeding (OR = 1.68, p = 0.016).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated preoperative NLR is associated with an increased risk of postoperative hemorrhage after pediatric tonsillectomy, particularly in children aged ≤7 years. Preoperative NLR measurement may serve as a useful adjunct in perioperative risk stratification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 112505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced speech perception and satisfaction in paediatric cochlear implant users following sound processor upgrade","authors":"Yaofeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Ye Yang ,&nbsp;Junyan Gao ,&nbsp;Hai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112507","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 112507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-tonsillectomy risks in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome","authors":"Taylor Jamil ,&nbsp;Caitlin Blades ,&nbsp;Kenny H. Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>There is a paucity of data on the connective tissue disorder causing delayed wound healing in children with Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS), potentially affecting the rates of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) following tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy (T&amp;A). Understanding the postoperative course of this population could provide better guidance in their postoperative management which formed the basis of our study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective chart review in an academic pediatric center that compared the PTH rates between patients with EDS and control children. Relevant patient demographic, past medical history, family history, intraoperative and postoperative information were collected for analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study comprised of 60 EDS and 72 controlled non-EDS children. No differences in PTH rates between children with and without EDS were found. Significant differences were found between the study groups with increased past medical history for easy bleeding (&lt;0.001), the use of clotting agents (&lt;0.001) and family history of easy bleeding (p = 0.023) in the EDS group. Multivariate models failed to reach statistical significance for these factors.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The study failed to show a difference in PTH between the study groups. The association between EDS and concomitant coagulation disorders including von Willebrand (VW) disease and hemophilia did not reach significance but were clinically associated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>EDS children with associated coagulopathies and standard indications for an overnight stay following T&amp;A should be admitted. EDS children without comorbidities could be done as outpatient but the decision should be placed on the otolaryngologist. All EDS patients that have not had hematology laboratory testing or consultation prior to T&amp;A would benefit from such evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic presence in the fluid of otitis media with effusion","authors":"Kerem Kökoğlu ,&nbsp;Hamdi Mıhçıokur ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Uyanık ,&nbsp;Dilşad Öztürk ,&nbsp;Halit Yıldız ,&nbsp;Onat Berkay Taş ,&nbsp;Rabia Aybüke Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the presence and characterize microplastics in middle ear effusions from children with otitis media with effusion.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Middle ear effusions were collected from 24 patients (13 males, 11 females; mean age 5.4 years) with bilateral OME (≥3 months duration) or unilateral OME (≥9 months duration) undergoing myringotomy. Effusions were aspirated, washed with filtered distilled water, treated with 10 % KOH, and incubated. Samples were then filtered through a 0.7 μm glass fiber filter, washed with acetone, and stained with rose Bengal. Microplastic presence and characterization were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Microplastics were detected in 11 of 40 MEE samples (27.5 %). Two patients exhibited bilateral microplastic presence. Identified microplastics included acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polyurethane glycol, polymethyl siloxane, polypropylene, polyethylene diethyl chlorophosphite, and polyamide.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides preliminary evidence for the presence of microplastics in MEEs of patients with OME, warranting further investigation into potential implications.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trials number</h3><div>NCT06316635.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic stewardship in pediatric head and neck surgery","authors":"Mary Grace Robichaux ,&nbsp;Zhide Fang ,&nbsp;Jill N. D'Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study seeks to determine the rate of postoperative surgical site infections (SSI) among clean head and neck surgeries and review perioperative antibiotic administration practices.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective review.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Pediatric tertiary care institution in New Orleans over a ten-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review was undertaken to identify clean head and neck surgical procedures performed at Manning Family Children's between 2013 and 2023. EPIC SlicerDicer™ was used to identify patients between ages 0–18 who underwent clean head and neck surgeries. Each chart was reviewed for perioperative antibiotic administration and occurrence of postoperative SSI. Rates of SSI were compared between the control group that received no perioperative antibiotics and the study group that received perioperative antibiotics using Chi-square test. Exact Binomial proportion confidence intervals were obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>99 patients were identified for the control group, while 93 patients were included in the study group. In the control group, the infection rate was determined to be 3.03 %, with 95 % CI = (0.0063, 0.086). In the study group, the infection rate was found to be 0 with 95 % CI = (0, 0.0389). There was no statistically significant difference in infection rate between the groups (p = 0.2468).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There are no current pediatric studies to guide evidence-based antibiotic prophylaxis in clean head and neck procedures. This small study did not find a statistically significant difference in infection rate between groups, and that empiric perioperative antibiotic treatment may not change the rate of SSI development in pediatric clean head and neck surgeries. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Housing and economic insecurity leads to decreased rates of tympanostomy tube placement","authors":"Allison Epstein ,&nbsp;Jamil Hayden ,&nbsp;Ross Rosen ,&nbsp;Emily Youner ,&nbsp;Todd Otteson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess socioeconomic differences in tympanostomy tube (TT) placement for pediatric patients with otitis media (OM). The primary objective is to determine if there is a lower rate of TT placement for children with OM and housing and economic insecurity (HEI). The secondary objective was to assess rates of concurrent speech delay at time of TT placement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The TriNetx Analytics Network was queried using CPT and ICD-10 codes for pediatric patients with a history of OM. An analysis using propensity-matched cohorts was performed to assess the relationship between HEI and the rates of TT placement, and speech delay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,978,773 pediatric patients with OM were identified. Of those, 13,030 patients were identified as having HEI. After matching by demographics, patients with HEI were less likely to undergo TT placement than those without HEI (2.93 % vs. 6.15 %, p &lt; 0.001). Housing insecurities had the greatest association with decreased TT placement (OR 0.449, 95 % CI 0.362,0.557), followed by transportation insecurities (OR 0.545, 95 % CI 0.39,0.762) and financial insecurities (OR 0.907, 95 % CI 0.691, 1.193). Patients with HEI had higher odds of having speech delays prior to TT placement (OR 1.8171, p &lt; 0.0001) rather than those without HEI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with housing and economic insecurity have significantly lower rates of tympanostomy tube placement after otitis media, but higher rates of speech delay prior to tympanostomy tube placement.</div></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><div>Level 1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term results and surgical indication of ventilating tube insertion during cleft palate surgery","authors":"Na-Kyum Park ,&nbsp;Tae Suk Oh ,&nbsp;Woo Seok Kang ,&nbsp;Hong Ju Park ,&nbsp;Jong Woo Chung ,&nbsp;Joong Ho Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>s: While ventilating tube insertion (VTI) is often performed, its necessity in cleft palate (CP) children without otitis media with effusin (OME) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aim to reassess the safety of refraining from early VTI in CP children who do not have evidence of OME.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed 1026 children with CP who underwent surgery at the Asan Medical Center (Jan 2000–Dec 2015). Among these, 69 patients (34 males, 35 females) had no history of otitis media and no middle ear effusion during preoperative endoscopic examination; they did not receive VTI. Factors such as age, gender, CP type, follow-up duration, and OME prevalence were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 69 enrolled patients, the incomplete CP type was the most common (43.5 %). Only 5 (7.2 %) developed OME postoperatively, with the complete CP type being most frequent (60 %). One patient required VTI, while the remaining cases showed spontaneous resolution within six months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Watchful waiting appears to be a safe approach for children with CP who do not exhibit preoperative OME. Despite a 7.2 % incidence of late-onset OME, male patients with complete CP may require closer monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglossal nerve stimulator for obstructive sleep apnea in children with down syndrome younger than 13","authors":"Minjee Kim ,&nbsp;Lucy J. Xu ,&nbsp;E'Ching Shih ,&nbsp;Kevin S. Gipson ,&nbsp;Brian G. Skotko ,&nbsp;Patrick Scheffler ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Hartnick","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is prevalent among children with Down syndrome (DS). While adenotonsillectomy is the first-line treatment for these patients, many do not achieve resolution of OSA. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved HGNS implantation for children with DS, ages 13 and above. However, there remains a need for HGNS implantation in children under 13 with severe OSA. The objective of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of HGNS placement in children &lt;13 years of age with DS and severe OSA.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Two academic institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included children &lt;13 years of age with DS and severe OSA who had HGNS implantation. Patient characteristics, postoperative complications, and response to therapy were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 29 children were included. The median age of the patients was 10 years old (range 4–12 years), with 19 patients (65.5 %) male. All 29 children were safely implanted with no serious adverse events. There was one mild wound dehiscence (Adverse Event), which resolved with antibiotic ointment and pressure dressing, and no adverse device effects. The median pre-op OAHI was 18.4 (IQR 13.2–22.3), and the median post-op OAHI was 3.9 (IQR 2.3–5.5) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). At 6 months post-op, 20 patients (95.2 %) had OAHI reduction of 50 % or more.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HGNS implantation in children with DS and severe OSA can be safely performed in children ages 4–13, and initial efficacy studies demonstrate outcomes similar to children over 13.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"196 ","pages":"Article 112497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}