International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Disparities in pediatric parotid cancer treatment and presentation: A National study","authors":"Rahul K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Shreyas G. Krishnapura ,&nbsp;John Ceremsak ,&nbsp;Jean-Nicolas Gallant ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Benedetti ,&nbsp;Scott C. Borinstein ,&nbsp;Ryan H. Belcher","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Although parotid gland malignancies are uncommon, they nevertheless represent a cause of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Few studies have sought to identify disparities related to their presentation, treatment, and survival. There is a need to understand these variations to improve care for historically underrepresented groups.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Retrospective Cohort Study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program Database.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analysis of pediatric patients with parotid gland malignancies between 2000 and 2019. Race and ethnicity were classified as Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, Asian, and Hispanic for multivariable analysis. Outcomes included tumor size and stage at diagnosis, survival, and need for facial nerve sacrifice. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze survival. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>149 patients met the criteria for inclusion. Stratified by race/ethnicity, Non-Hispanic Black (Median 23 mm, IQR 15–33), Asian (30 mm, 14–32), and Hispanic (23 mm, 20–28) patients had larger tumors at presentation than Non-Hispanic White patients (18 mm, 12–25, p = 0.017). Disease-specific survival differed by time-to-treatment (log-rank, p = 0.01) and overall survival differed by income (p &lt; 0.001). On multivariable analysis, Hispanic patients were more likely to experience facial nerve sacrifice (OR 3.71, 95%CI 1.25–11.6, p = 0.020), and Non-Hispanic Black (OR 3.37, 0.95–11.6, = 0.053) and Asian (OR 5.67, 1.46–22.2, p = 0.011) patients presented with larger tumors compared to Non-Hispanic White patients.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Variations in presentation and treatment exist across race and ethnicity in pediatric parotid cancer. Identifying these disparities may help improve access and outcomes for underserved patient populations.</p></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><p>III.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological analysis of glucocorticoid receptor and eosinophilic cytokines in the adenoid mucosal epithelium","authors":"Kosuke Tochigi ,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Omura ,&nbsp;Saaya Hattori ,&nbsp;Mikiya Asako ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In recent years, the clinical efficacy of medications for adenoid hypertrophy has been demonstrated. Topical nasal steroids have effects to shrink hypertrophic adenoids and improve symptoms of associated diseases. However, the mechanism which topical steroid administrations cause adenoid shrinkage remains unclear, herein, sensitivity for topical steroids in the mucosal epithelium of adenoids was evaluated histologically by comparing with tonsils.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Histological analysis was performed on adenoids and tonsils removed from 32 pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy. In hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens, the morphology of the mucosal epithelium and eosinophil infiltration were evaluated. The expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-25 in the mucosal epithelium was evaluated, and the staining intensity was scored as 0 (none), 1 (weak), and 2 (strong). The number of eosinophils and expression scores of GR, IL-4, and IL-25 were statistically compared between adenoids and tonsils and analyzed correlations with adenoids sizes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Adenoids were covered with ciliated epithelium, and eosinophils in the mucosal epithelium and submucosal area was higher than tonsils (p &lt; 0.05). GR expression in the most superficial layer of the mucosal epithelium was observed in adenoids, and the expression intensity score was higher than that in tonsils (p &lt; 0.05). IL-4 and IL-25 were more widely expressed in the mucosal epithelium of adenoids than in tonsils, and their expression intensity scores were also higher than in tonsils (p &lt; 0.05). A correlation was found between adenoid size and the intensity of IL-25 expression in the adenoid epithelium (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Eosinophilic inflammations in adenoids mucosal epithelium could be one of etiology of adenoid hypertrophy, and the GR and eosinophilic inflammation in the adenoids mucosal epithelium might be target of topical nasal steroids to shrink hypertrophic adenoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient factors associated with positive respiratory cultures following tracheostomy in pediatric patients","authors":"Ashley L. Miller ,&nbsp;Catherine K. Hart ,&nbsp;Derek D. Kao ,&nbsp;Laura E. Bellew ,&nbsp;Erik B. Hysinger","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>An increasing number of pediatric patients undergo tracheostomy placement annually. Despite advances in care, these patients remain at high risk for postoperative complications, including respiratory infections. The risk factors for positive respiratory cultures and the impact of culture positivity on overall morbidity and mortality in this population is not fully characterized.</p></div><div><h3>Study design and setting</h3><p>Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of all patients within a single tertiary care institution who underwent tracheostomy placement from January 1, 2019 to 12/31/2021.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We collected patient demographic information, comorbidities, primary indication for tracheostomy placement, and respiratory culture information preoperatively and postoperatively. The primary outcome measure was positive bacterial respiratory culture with speciation within 1, 3, or 6 months of tracheostomy placement. The secondary outcome measure was all-cause mortality within the study period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 180 patients with median (IQR) age of 5.2 (3.4–31.0) months at time of tracheostomy placement were included in the study. Nearly half of patients had a positive culture within 1 month (n = 81,47.4 %) while 63.7 % of patients were positive within 6 months of tracheostomy placement (n = 109). Risk factors included respiratory and/or cardiac comorbidities. Positive respiratory cultures within 6 months of surgery and cardiac and/or neurologic comorbidities were associated with increased all-cause mortality following tracheostomy placement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Positive respiratory cultures are common following tracheostomy placement, more so in patients with cardiac and pulmonary comorbid conditions. Positive cultures are associated with increased all-cause mortality. More work is necessary to determine optimal screening frequency and treatment protocols for positive cultures in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transoral robotic surgery for pediatric upper airway pathology: An institutional update","authors":"Cameron P. Worden ,&nbsp;Andrew C. Prince ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Kirse ,&nbsp;Christopher Rutter ,&nbsp;Benjamin H. Shields ,&nbsp;Trevor G. Hackman ,&nbsp;Wendell G. Yarbrough ,&nbsp;Adam M. Zanation ,&nbsp;Carlton J. Zdanski","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Provide an update on our institution's experience with utilizing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in pediatric airway surgery and compare these results to surgery by traditional methods.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pediatric patients who underwent TORS for treatment of upper airway pathology between 2010 and 2021 at our institution were retrospectively identified and compared to patients with the same or similar pathology who underwent a traditional (open or endoscopic) surgical approach over the same time period. Outcomes of interest included patient demographics, operative times, adverse events, hospital length of stay (LOS), and modified barium swallow (MBSS) results.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty children (19M, 21F) underwent 46 TORS procedures. Mean age was 6.4 years (range: 6 days-17 years). Most commonly treated pathology included: laryngeal clefts (LC) (n = 18), lymphatic malformations (n = 9), and base of tongue masses (n = 7). Surgical time was decreased in traditional type I LC repairs (mean: 111 vs 149 min, P = 0.04) and lymphatic malformation excisions (59 vs 120 min, p = 0.005). Hospital LOS was increased in TORS type I LC repairs (2.6 vs 1.2 days, P = 0.04). Adverse event rate was similar between TORS and traditional cohorts (17 % vs 16 % cases, P = 0.9). Postoperative MBSS results were improved for TORS type I LC repairs at 6 months (70 % vs 33 %, P = 0.09) and 12 months (82 % vs 43 %, P = 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Pediatric TORS is practical and safe and has comparable outcomes to traditional surgery. Robotic-assisted LC repair displayed improved postoperative swallow results versus traditional approaches and may be particularly useful in recurrent cases.</p></div><div><h3>Level of evidence</h3><p>3.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct audiometric patterns in congenital round window atresia: A comparative study with common congenital middle ear anomalies","authors":"Hanwool John Sung,&nbsp;Da Beom Heo,&nbsp;Hyo One Son,&nbsp;Jin Woong Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Little is known about the hearing characteristics in patients with congenital round window atresia (CRWA). This study aimed to investigate hearing characteristics in patients with CRWA by comparing them with two relatively common congenital middle ear anomalies: congenital stapedial fixation (CSF) and congenital ossicular discontinuity (COD).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Literature searches yielded five patients with surgically confirmed CRWA (seven ears), who were included in the CRWA group, along with one of our patients. Air and bone conduction thresholds; air-bone gap (ABG); and presence and depth of the Carhart notch were analyzed. These audiometric variables in the CRWA group were compared with those in the CSF (n = 15) and COD (n = 22) groups, comprising patients identified from our institution's medical database.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Average bone and air conduction thresholds in the CRWA group were 16.4 (standard deviation [SD]: 2.9; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 14.6–18.3) and 44.6 (SD: 3.5; 95 % CI: 42.6–47.3) dB hearing level (HL). Bone conduction thresholds at high frequencies (≥2 kHz) were higher than those at low frequencies (&lt;2 kHz), while air conduction thresholds at high frequencies were lower than those at low frequencies: ABGs at high frequencies were significantly smaller than those at low frequencies (2 kHz vs. 0.5 kHz, p = 0.027; 2 kHz vs. 1 kHz, p = 0.041; 4 kHz vs. 0.5 kHz, p = 0.042; 4 kHz vs. 1 kHz, p = 0.027). There were no between-group differences in incidence and depth of the Carhart notch.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CRWA could manifest as a distinct audiometric pattern with poorer bone conduction and better air conduction at ≥2 kHz, resulting in significantly smaller ABGs at higher frequencies than that at lower frequencies. Our findings indicated that this pattern differed from that of CSF and COD. The unique beer bottle-shaped audiogram associated with CRWA might facilitate its early diagnosis in patients with congenital conductive hearing loss.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the long-term outcomes from cochlear implant surgery for children with single and multiple additional needs","authors":"C.H. Raine,&nbsp;A. Gibbs,&nbsp;A. Cordingley","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cochlear implant surgery is a cornerstone in the treatment of severe to profound hearing impairment. Despite comprising a significant proportion of the deaf population, children with additional needs have only been included for cochlear implant candidacy in recent years. This paper aims to evaluate the long-term progress of children with additional needs post-implantation compared to children without additional and assess how this trend changes over time<del>.</del></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a longitudinal cohort study comparing the outcomes between children with no additional needs, children with a single additional need, and children with multiple additional needs. The five outcome measures used assessed both auditory perception and expressive and receptive language. For each outcome measure, subjects were assessed pre implant and one-, three-, and five-years post-implant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The total cohort consisted of 334 subjects: 181 with no additional needs, 116 with a single additional need, and 37 with multiple additional needs. The results showed that children with additional needs performed significantly poorer in all outcome measures compared to those without additional needs, with a greater negative effect associated with multiple additional needs. In auditory perception, both additional needs groups increased in rate of progress over time, in contrast to language capabilities for which the rate plateaued at a significantly lower level than children without additional needs. Once again, both of these effects were greater for the multiple additional needs group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is clear that there is reduced progress in children with additional needs compared to those without, and that the number of additional needs present is an important factor in this. Despite initial delays, it seems as though children with additional needs may catch up over time in auditory perception scores, however for language skills, this cohort may achieve limited scores even as time progresses. It is important to investigate this further to gauge the factors that are causing this discrepancy to see if any can be limited to maximise outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of hearing loss and cochlear implantation on the quality of life in children","authors":"Afnan F. Bukhari,&nbsp;Faisal Zawawi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study evaluates the Quality of Life (QoL) in children with moderate to profound hearing impairments using cochlear implants (CIs), compared to those with normal hearing. It explores the impacts of hearing loss and the effectiveness of CIs in pediatric populations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Conducted at a tertiary care academic center, this cross-sectional study included children aged 13–18. Participants were divided into three groups: normal hearing, yet to be treated moderate or worse hearing loss (uHL), and CI users. Demographic data were collected, and the QoL was assessed using the Hearing Environments and Reflection of Quality of Life (HEAR-QL) questionnaire, with scores across various subdomains compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 79 children meeting the inclusion criteria, 38 % had normal hearing, 29 % had at least moderate HL, and 33 % were CI users. Statistically significant differences in HEAR-QL scores were found among the groups. The normal hearing group reported the highest scores. In the subdomain of hearing circumstances and academic performance, CI users showed no significant difference from the normal hearing group, unlike those with untreated uHL who scored lower. However, in social interaction and emotional well-being subdomains, CI users' scores were lower than those of the normal hearing group but similar to the uHL group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Children with CIs show comparable QoL in auditory capabilities to their normal hearing peers but experience significant challenges in psychosocial and emotional areas. This indicates that while CIs can improve hearing-related quality of life, they do not fully address the psychosocial impacts of hearing loss.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in children early identified by extended hearing-targeted screening","authors":"Francesca Forli ,&nbsp;Silvia Capobianco ,&nbsp;Stefano Berrettini ,&nbsp;Luca Bruschini ,&nbsp;Francesca Lorenzoni ,&nbsp;Simona Fiori ,&nbsp;Francesco Lazzerini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112070","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) has been associated with hearing, vision, and neurodevelopmental long-term sequelae. Despite the social burden associated with the disease, a universally accepted consensus on screening, diagnostic, therapeutic and follow-up approaches has not been reached. The present observational retrospective study aims at describing long-term sequelae and radiological abnormalities associated with cCMV in children early identified by extended hearing-targeted screening and evaluated by audiological follow-up in a single III Level Audiological Referral Center for at least 2 years.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Audiological neonatal and follow-up data were available for all subjects. Data collection included clinical neonatal and virological assessment at birth. Ophthalmological, neurodevelopmental and neuroradiological follow-up abnormalities compatible with cCMV sequelae were collected by clinical reports. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho-ρ) was used to evaluate possible correlations among the considered parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;61 newborns were identified by extended hearing-targeted cCMV screening and diagnosed mostly (83.6 %) by PCR viral DNA extraction in urine collected within the 15° day of life. Seventeen babies were born preterm, with a mean gestational age of 33.5 weeks. Sixteen patients (26.2 %) were admitted to an Intensive or sub-Intensive Neonatal Care Unit. At birth, 35 newborns were symptomatic (57.3 %), and 19 of them received antiviral treatment by valganciclovir or ganciclovir. Overall, 20 children (32.7 %) were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), among them 17 (85 %) were &lt;em&gt;refer&lt;/em&gt; at the newborn hearing screening while 3 (15 %) were &lt;em&gt;Pass&lt;/em&gt;. 5/20 children (25 %) presented isolated SNHL, while in 15/20 (75 %) children SNHL was associated to other long-term sequelae. In 5 patients (25 %) a progression of the hearing threshold was observed, with a mean age of progression of 26 months of age. Risk factors for progression were a worse final hearing threshold (Spearman's ρ = 0.434; p = 0.0001) and a worse hearing threshold at birth (Spearman's ρ = 0.298; p = 0.020). Thirteen children were fitted with hearing aids, 8 of whom subsequently underwent cochlear implantation. Concerning long term impairments, 10/61 children (17 %) presented a variety of ophthalmological sequelae, while 16/40 cCMV patients (40 %) were diagnosed with neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Language delays were significantly associated with a worse hearing threshold (ρ = 0.582; p = 0.0001) and with other neurocognitive abnormalities (ρ = 0.677, p = 0.0001). 30 children underwent radiological brain evaluation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and 63.3 % of them presented abnormalities compatible with cCMV. Mean viral load at birth did not show significant associations with long-term sequelae.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study highlights the diverse ","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165587624002246/pdfft?md5=0277f978245d35ba094d88de026d487f&pid=1-s2.0-S0165587624002246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142075832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancies in pediatric OSA surgery hospital stay length across regions","authors":"Dean Kennedy ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Carnino ,&nbsp;Nicholas Wilson ,&nbsp;Amos M. Mwaura ,&nbsp;Tingting Xi ,&nbsp;Jessica R. Levi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate regional disparities in the length of hospital stay (LOS) for pediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the United States.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We utilized the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kid Inpatient Database (KID) for 2016, analyzing data on pediatric OSA patients aged 0–20. We compared LOS in different U.S. regions and employed statistical tests to assess significance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Regional variation in LOS was observed among pediatric OSA patients. The Midwest and South regions showed longer LOS compared to the West and Northeast. Notably, standard deviations for LOS in the Midwest and South were substantial, signifying significant variability.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings emphasize the importance of addressing regional differences in pediatric OSA care. Prolonged hospital stays can impose significant burdens on children and families. Identifying and mitigating factors driving these disparities is crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of care, ultimately striving for more equitable healthcare for pediatric OSA patients nationwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of listening efforts in typically developing children and children with central auditory processing disorders","authors":"H.L. Spandita,&nbsp;Chandni Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The study's main objective was to compare Listening Effort (LE) in children with central auditory processing disorder [(C)APD] and typically developing children in quiet and at −2 and −6 dB SNR conditions. And to determine the relationship between LE and auditory processing abilities in children with (C)APD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study included 30 children (15 typically developing children and 15 diagnosed with (C)APD) aged 10–12 years. LE was measured using a dual-tasking paradigm. The primary task required the child to repeat the words. The second task required the child to click the mouse based on the image displayed on the laptop's screen. The primary task was done at quiet, −2 dB SNR, and −6 dB SNR conditions. LE was correlated with dichotic CV, duration pattern test, speech perception in noise - Indian English, and gap detection test in children with (C)APD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A mixed ANOVA was performed with LE in various conditions as the within-subject factor and group as the between-subject factor for both repetition and reaction time. The study found that LE repetition and reaction time had a significant main effect across conditions and groups. The correlation results revealed a significant relationship between LE reaction time with dichotic scores and GDT thresholds only at −2 dB SNR and −6 dB SNR conditions. There was no significant correlation between other auditory processing abilities and LE under different conditions, such as quiet, SPIN-IE, and DPT at −2 dB SNR and −6 dB SNR.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study emphasizes the importance of cognitive abilities for adequate listening comprehension in challenging situations. As a result, assessing LE in this population may provide additional information for developing therapeutic activities and assisting the child in overcoming listening difficulties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}