International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Timing and risk factors for peristomal granulation in pediatric tracheostomy patients.","authors":"Natsuki Takada, Hiroshi Okuda, Nansei Yamada, Masami Yanagida, Hiroyuki Yamada, Tomoe Mikami, Takenori Ogawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peristomal granulation occurs more frequently in pediatric than adult tracheostomy patients and may complicate postoperative airway management. Establishing a tracheal stoma resistant to granulation is therefore critical. This study evaluated differences in the incidence and timing of peristomal granulation according to tracheostomy technique, identified additional risk factors, and assessed long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 42 pediatric patients who underwent tracheostomy at our institution between January 2015 and February 2025. All patients were younger than 12 months at surgery and were followed for at least one month postoperatively. Tracheostomy techniques included the conventional method, Starplasty, and the Björk flap method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Peristomal granulation developed in 17 patients (40%). The incidence did not differ significantly among techniques: conventional (42%), Starplasty (40%), and Björk flap (38%). However, the onset of granulation occurred significantly later in the Björk flap group compared with the other two techniques (p = .0218). This association remained significant after adjustment for inflammation-related confounding factors. Regarding long-term outcomes, 3 patients were successfully decannulated, 11 achieved oral intake, and 28 required ongoing home care.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the incidence of peristomal granulation was similar among tracheostomy techniques, the Björk flap method was associated with a significantly delayed onset of granulation. Given the importance of early postoperative stoma stabilization, the Björk flap method may offer a safer tracheostomy approach in pediatric patients by reducing the risk of early complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"205 ","pages":"112843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver use of low-cost digital otoscopes and smartphones for pediatric ear exams.","authors":"Leyda S Marrero Morales, Arushi Gulati, Stephanie Younan, Lia K Jacobson, Kimberly Luu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, ease of use, and diagnostic value of otoscopic images captured via low-cost smartphone-guided digital otoscopes by caregivers to inform future pediatric telehealth applications. A prospective study was conducted in an academic pediatric Otolaryngology clinic. 34 patients presenting for in-person appointments with caregivers were included. Caregivers captured images of their child's ear canals using digital otoscopes with minimal real-time, in-clinic verbal guidance and were surveyed about their experience. A blinded otolaryngologist rated image acceptability. Of the 34 included patients (12 female, 22 male), the median age was 7 years (range, 2 - 17 years). 50% of the images obtained were deemed acceptable (good or excellent) by a blinded, board-certified otolaryngologist. 88% of participants found the low-cost digital otoscope easy to use, and 100% reported willingness to pay for similar devices for telehealth use. The mean time for image acquisition by caregivers was 57.21 s with a standard deviation of 27.6 s. Caregivers provided their subjective experience, most frequently noting ease of use, the helpful role of coaching, and the value of the device for improving access to care. Digital low-cost otoscopes paired with smartphones in the hands of caregivers can facilitate pediatric ear examinations, yielding acceptable image quality and enabling a positive user experience. Future studies should investigate specific diagnostic capabilities in remote settings with virtual guidance, as well as methods to improve the diagnostic reliability of images obtained by caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"205 ","pages":"112839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Idiopathic progressive facial palsy in adolescents: A distinct clinical entity in females?\" [Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 203 (2026) 112775].","authors":"Jae Woong Oh, Ji Hae Lee, Hye Ah Joo, Jin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":" ","pages":"112815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147716682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants influencing variability in outcomes of prelingual cochlear implantation","authors":"Mona Elrabie Ahmed ,&nbsp;Esraa Aly ,&nbsp;Eman Mostafa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify factors affecting cochlear implantation (CI) outcomes in pre-lingual deaf children, focusing on language development.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of 106 pre-lingual deaf children who received unilateral CI was conducted to analyse factors influencing their language and speech outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average age of participating children was 83 ± 31.6 months; 53.8% were male, and 36.8% attended regular school programs. Most parents had higher education (64.2% of fathers, 55.7% of mothers), and 58.5% belonged to a low socioeconomic level. Hearing loss diagnosis was delayed: 37.7% were diagnosed at 6–12 months, 24.5% at 12–24 months, with an average auditory deprivation of 18.6 ± 13.3 months. Average CI age was 41.9 ± 14.2 months; 40.1% had consanguineous parents. Language outcomes were positively associated with speech after hearing aid use and negatively with longer auditory deprivation. Parent education, socioeconomic status, age of deafness, and family history were not significantly linked to language improvement. Children undergoing ≥3 years of post-implant rehabilitation showed greater language development than those with ≤3 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CI leads to a statistically significant improvement in language quotient over time, and key factors affecting outcomes include prior speech after hearing aid use, length of auditory deprivation, and ongoing CI usage. The study highlights the need for culturally adapted parental counselling protocols and increased awareness through comprehensive information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 112756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146180096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the epidemiology and severity of intracranial complications of pediatric upper respiratory tract infections after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Mohammad Sabobeh ,&nbsp;Mark Betonio ,&nbsp;Thomas Spentzas ,&nbsp;Sandra Arnold ,&nbsp;Stephen Pishko ,&nbsp;Saad Ghafoor ,&nbsp;Nicolas Chiriboga","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 112754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we use peak expiratory flow rate monitoring in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis?","authors":"S. Maistry ,&nbsp;L.A. Sibiya ,&nbsp;S. Thula","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a chronic, HPV-induced disease characterized by the growth of benign, wart-like lesions within the upper aerodigestive tract, most commonly affecting the larynx. These lesions can lead to progressive voice changes and, in more severe cases, upper airway obstruction. Clinical evaluation, including flexible nasoendoscopic examination and symptom assessment, remains central to diagnosing and monitoring disease progression. However, due to the recurrent nature of RRP and the need for repeated surgical intervention, there is growing interest in identifying objective, non-invasive adjuncts to complement clinical evaluation and aid in disease monitoring.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To determine whether peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) monitoring can serve as an effective adjunct for disease monitoring in RRP. To prove this, we aimed to demonstrate that post-operative PEFR values reflect expected clinical improvement when compared to pre-operative measurements, and that pre-operative PEFR correlates with disease severity when matched with intraoperative Derkay score.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>38 patients were enrolled between July 2021 and September 2022. Each patient had PEFR readings recorded at each visit. Patients requiring surgical intervention, pre-operative and post-operative PEFR were recorded and Derkay scored intraoperatively (n = 30).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Whilst the study size is small, the findings of this study do suggest that PEFR significantly improved post operatively, p value &lt; 0.001, 95% CI; and PEFR correlated with disease severity showing an inversely proportional relationship between pre operative PEFR and intraoperative Derkay score, a medium correlation was observed between PEFR and disease severity (<em>r</em> = −.0.309, P &gt; 0.05)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PEFR significantly improved in post-operative readings, indicating physiologic confirmation of the clinical observation that surgical debulking of respiratory papilloma causing upper airway obstruction results in functional improvements in airflow. PEFR correlates with disease severity, low PEFR correlated with higher Derkay scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 112750"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial release from masking and localization among pediatric cochlear implant users","authors":"Puttaraju Sahana ,&nbsp;Puttabasappa Manjula","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim &amp; objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess spatial hearing abilities in children using bimodal hearing devices. (1) comparing spatial release from masking (SRM) in monaural and bimodal conditions; (2) comparing horizontal localization error across conditions; and (3) examining the correlation between SRM and localization error.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A cross-sectional, repeated-measures design was used with 43 Kannada-speaking children (aged 4–10 years) with bilateral severe-to-profound hearing loss, fitted with a cochlear implant (CI) in one ear and a hearing aid (HA) in the other. Spatial hearing was assessed using phonemically balanced word lists in noise (SRM task) and white noise bursts from eight loudspeakers (localization task). SRM was calculated as the difference in speech identification scores (SIS) between collocated and spatially separated speech-noise conditions. Localization was measured using root mean square (RMS) error.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SRM was significantly higher in the bimodal condition (M = 3.09) than monaural (M = 1.23), <em>t</em> (42) = 3.15, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>d</em> = 0.49. Localization accuracy also improved with bimodal hearing (M = 82.27° vs. 105.88°), <em>F</em> (1,42) = 100.79, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, η_p² = 0.706. A significant negative correlation (<em>r</em> = −0.518, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) was found between SRM and localization error.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bimodal hearing significantly enhances spatial hearing in children, improving both speech-in-noise perception and localization. The correlation between SRM and localization suggests shared spatial processing mechanisms. These findings support the clinical importance of bimodal device use, especially in settings where bilateral implantation is not feasible, and highlight the need for individualized auditory management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 112753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146179300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematologic indices in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: a retrospective case-control study","authors":"Rita Teixeira Carvalho ,&nbsp;Francisco Alves de Sousa ,&nbsp;João Carvalho Almeida ,&nbsp;Manuel Ferreira de Magalhães ,&nbsp;Marta Rios ,&nbsp;Miguel Bebiano Coutinho ,&nbsp;Mariline Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Pediatric obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB), commonly caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy, ranges from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and is a frequent reason for pediatric otolaryngology referral. OSDB leads to intermittent hypoxia, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and may activate the coagulation cascade, contributing to metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive complications. While these effects are more well-documented in adults, pediatric studies also report associations with obesity, insulin resistance, behavioral issues, and cognitive impairments. Diagnosis remains challenging due to the resource demands of polysomnography, prompting interest in alternative tools, including hematological biomarkers. In adults, markers like neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (N/L) and platelet-to-lymphocyte (P/L) ratios, as well as mean platelet volume (MPV), have shown promise; however, data in pediatric population are scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To compare hematological parameters in children with OSDB to those without OSDB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed data from children who were indicated for primary otorhinolaryngology surgery between January and May 2024. Pre-operative hematological data from children with OSDB (cases) were compared to those without OSDB (controls).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>166 patients (75 females, 91 males; mean age 5.4 ± 2.4 years; mean weight 22.3 ± 10.2 kg) were included. 85 children (51.2%) had OSDB. No significant differences were found between groups regarding age, sex, or weight (p &gt; 0.05). Children with OSDB had significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (N/L ratio) (OSDB: 1.71 ± 1.02 vs. controls: 1.40 ± 0.67, p = 0.026) and platelet counts (OSDB: 328,152.94 ± 69,961.30 vs. controls: 302,876.54 ± 74,327.38, p = 0.025). No significant differences were encountered regarding neutrophil count (OSDB: 4260.59 ± 1755.87 vs controls: 3736.05 ± 1717.90, p = 0.054), total leukocyte count (OSDB: 8275.88 ± 1957.93, controls: 7624.57 ± 2351.98, p = 0.054) platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (OSDB: 127.62 ± 49.50 vs controls: 114.17 ± 38.01, p = 0.052) and other hematological data, including coagulability state (p &gt; 0.05 for prothrombin time, INR and APTT).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>OSDB in children is associated with significantly increased N/L ratio and platelet count, suggesting a potential systemic inflammatory response. Further research is needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 112755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ankyloglossia and its association with sleep-disordered breathing in children: A systematic review","authors":"Trimartani Koento ,&nbsp;Shefilyn Widjaja","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112717","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 112717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding racial and ethnic disparities in perioperative pain management following routine ambulatory surgery center pediatric tonsillectomy","authors":"Francesca T. deFaria ,&nbsp;Pilar Preciado ,&nbsp;Alisha R. Pershad ,&nbsp;Rashel Moscoso-Morales ,&nbsp;Giuliana Di Bono ,&nbsp;Alexa Shahine ,&nbsp;Aryana Kavuri ,&nbsp;Timothy Wills ,&nbsp;Hengameh K. Behzadpour ,&nbsp;Sophie Pestieau ,&nbsp;Diego A. Preciado ,&nbsp;Caroll Vazquez-Colon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2026.112738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 112738"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}