International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials最新文献

{"title":"Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion performance of TiC steel-bonded carbides with different heat treatments","authors":"Yiqi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yanhong Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuoyang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Wentao Qin ,&nbsp;Lili Li ,&nbsp;Yu Yan ,&nbsp;Chaofang Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The alterations in microstructure, corrosion behaviour, wear resistance, and tensile characteristics of TiC steel-bonded carbide subjected to annealing (960 °C) and tempering (200 °C) processes are analysed. The transformation of the ferritic to a martensitic occurs during the annealing process, while the tempering process facilitates the formation of austenite. Results from the potentio-dynamic polarisation, potentio-static polarisation, and EIS test indicates that the martensitic phase exhibits increased passivation and enhanced corrosion resistance compared to the ferritic phase, with further improvements in corrosion resistance correlated to increased austenitic content. The SKPFM and SVET are employed to assess the change of galvanic effects between the reinforced particle and steel matrix under various post treatment conditions. The hardness of TiC steel-bonded carbide is a determinant of wear performance, while the interfacial bonding strength between TiC and the matrix significantly affects the tensile properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of femtosecond laser surface modified WC and NbC based inserts during the face-milling of automotive Grey Cast Iron (a-GCI)","authors":"M. Rabothata ,&nbsp;R. Genga ,&nbsp;N. Mphasha ,&nbsp;K. Phaka ,&nbsp;N. Nelwalani ,&nbsp;S. Ngongo ,&nbsp;C. Polese ,&nbsp;S. Huang ,&nbsp;J. Vleugels ,&nbsp;P. Zeman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid pulsed electric current sintering (PECS), TiC, TiC₇N₃ and Mo additions, and femtosecond (fs) laser surface modification (LSM) were used to improve the machining of automotive grey cast iron (a-GCI) using WC and NbC based cemented carbides cutting inserts. Additions of Mo and TiC as well as the use of PECS refined the grain sizes of NbC-12Ni based cermet from ∼4.6 μm to ∼1 μm, increasing the hardness (by ∼3 GPa) and wear resistance. Shark skin (S-LSM) and pyramidal (P-LSM) patterns were introduced to improve the wear and mechanical impact resistance of the cutting inserts. Face milling of a-GCI was performed at 200 m/min cutting speed (V_c), 1.0 mm depth of cut (a_p), and 0.1 mm/tooth feed rate (f). The insert cutting-edge wear and damage were evaluated after every pass using optical microscopy and high angular annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). The machining performance of the cutting inserts was assessed by cutting forces, wear, and cutting insert tool life. The PECS produced NbC-10TiC-12[Ni/Mo] (wt%) P-LSM cutting insert had the lowest flank wear rate (FWR) (1.44 μm/min) after 20 min of machining. In addition, both the S-LSM and P-LSM patterns improved the cutting insert tool life of PECS produced NbC-12[Ni/Mo] (wt%) blank (B) cutting insert by ∼300 % and ∼ 900 %. Resulting in FWRs reductions of the respective insert from 21.04 μm/min after 2 min of machining to 5.97 μm/min and 1.94 μm/min after 8 min and 20 min. In general, LSM improved the NbC based cutting inserts' tool life and reduced the FWRs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorisation of hard metal wastes using organic acids in an eco-friendly process","authors":"M. Cera ,&nbsp;G.P. De Gaudenzi ,&nbsp;S. Tedeschi ,&nbsp;A. Muntoni ,&nbsp;G. De Gioannis ,&nbsp;A. Serpe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manufacturing of Hard Metals (HMs) faces significant challenges due to the critical shortage of its primary feedstocks, tungsten (W) and cobalt (Co). The rising demand for these metals, particularly cobalt in lithium-ion battery technology, has led to increased market volatility and pricing concerns. To address these issues, leveraging metal-containing HM waste as secondary resources presents a sustainable solution, aligning with the circular economy model advocated by European Directives. This study introduces a novel hydrometallurgical process utilizing low-cost, biodegradable organic acids for the recovery of critical metals from HM scraps, particularly focusing on materials derived from the pyrometallurgical oxidation, reduction, and carburization (ORC) process. Organic acids, obtainable from agro-industrial waste through cost-effective biological methods, have demonstrated effectiveness as selective leaching agents for cobalt from WC-Co materials.</div><div>In this paper the use of lactic acid leaching solutions on oxidized powders, predominantly composed of CoWO₄ and WO₃, generated in the first ORC stage, is discussed. The findings reveal that these solutions facilitate the dissolution of critical metals under eco-friendly conditions, highlighting the potential of the Bio-derived Chemicals Recycling (BioCR) process. An empirical model for predicting the Co content in the recycled HM, is here proposed and applied for validation. This approach not only valorises organic waste but also yields high-quality materials suitable for reintegration into the HM manufacturing chain. Our results support the development of integrated systems that enhance resource recovery and mitigate waste management issues, fostering sustainability and circular economy principles while allowing for tailored W:Co ratios in recycled materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced wear resistance of CuSn19Ti10/Ni-coated diamond composite coatings prepared by laser cladding: Influence of nickel plating on diamond retention and microstructure","authors":"Haozhen Huang ,&nbsp;Can Huang ,&nbsp;Jian Tu ,&nbsp;Lang Deng ,&nbsp;Dmytro Turkevych ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Jinwei Luo ,&nbsp;Suiyuan Fang ,&nbsp;Ling Yang ,&nbsp;Cheng Xie ,&nbsp;Xin Ming ,&nbsp;Zhigang Shui ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of nickel (Ni) coating on diamond particles in CuSn19Ti10/diamond composite coatings fabricated on pure copper substrates using laser cladding. Prior research emphasized that diamond retention is key to improving the wear resistance of these coatings. Here, Ni-coated diamond particles were incorporated to enhance bonding. The composite coatings, containing 2.5, 5, and 10 wt% of Ni-coated diamond, were systematically characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and wear testing. The microstructural analysis revealed the presence of α-(Cu), Cu₂SnTi, (Cu,Sn)Ti_x, TiC, and diamond phases. Compared to uncoated diamond composite coatings, the Ni-coated diamond composite coatings demonstrated significantly improved wear resistance, with wear rates reduced by 8.54 %, 15.52 %, and 85.44 %, for 2.5, 5, and 10 wt% Ni-coated diamond, respectively. The enhancement in performance can be attributed to the laser's high temperature, which allowed the Ni dissolution within the metal matrix to facilitate the diffusion between Ti and C, enhancing the Ni-coated diamond's retention capacity in the metal matrix. The Ni-coated diamonds were more firmly retained in the matrix during wear, reducing pull-out and enhancing the overall wear resistance of the coating. The findings suggest that Ni-coating on the surface of diamonds is an effective strategy for improving the wear resistance of diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107066"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cutting performance of microtextured PCD tools on particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites","authors":"Mengxiong Wang ,&nbsp;Haixiang Huan ,&nbsp;Biao Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Ding ,&nbsp;Tao Luo ,&nbsp;Ruwei Yao ,&nbsp;Jie Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preparation of a microtexture morphology on a tool surface can enhance the cutting performance of the tool, and extend tool life, making it an important research direction. In this study, a microtexture morphology was prepared on the surface of a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tool. The contact angles of different cutting fluids on the microtextured surface were measured to evaluate the influence of the microtexture morphology on the wettability of the tool surface. Additionally, a cutting test of the microtextured PCD tool on particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites (PTMCs) was conducted under minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). Both experimental and simulation analyses indicate that this microtexture morphology has a negligible effect on tool strength. Lubricity tests indicate that the parallel and vertical contact angles of the microtextured tool (TT) are 12 % and 6 % lower than those of the conventional tool (CT), respectively. This suggests that the microtexture enhances the wettability of the PCD tool surface, resulting in improve wear reduction during cutting. Additionally, cutting experiments show that compared with CT tools, TT tools can reduce the cutting force and degree of tool wear and cutting stability, and alter the chip flow direction, thus improving the antisticking effect during machining. To investigate the cutting mechanisms of microtextured tools, the cutting performance of various microtextured tools was compared using the finite element (FE) method. Simulation results show that PCD tools with microtexture morphology can reduce the interaction between the microtextured surface and chip, as evidenced by a reduction in the actual contact area, and that the particles with a textured morphology can act as a support and roll between the chip and tool surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of NbMoTaW porous refractory high entropy alloy processed by powder metallurgy","authors":"Baoguang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanping Huang ,&nbsp;Zhifu Huang ,&nbsp;Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous NbMoTaW refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs), which possess an outstanding balance between mechanical properties and lightweight, were manufactured via powder metallurgy. Even sintering at 2200 °C, the average grain size can still be maintained at about 5 μm owing to the hysteresis diffusion effect. The present porous NbMoTaW RHEA exhibits a remarkable specific compressive strength of 60.7 MPa·g⁻¹·cm³, which is mainly ascribed to the combined action of strong solid solution strengthening and grain boundary strengthening. This work reveals the potential of replacing porous tungsten (W) with RHEAs in some applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107063"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-temperature stability and thermal expansion behavior of equi-atomic refractory multi-principal element alloys based on MoNbTi system for Gen IV reactor applications","authors":"Anilas Karimpilakkal ,&nbsp;Joseph W. Newkirk ,&nbsp;Jason L. Schulthess ,&nbsp;Frank Liou ,&nbsp;Visharad Jalan ,&nbsp;Haiming Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the thermal stability and thermal expansion behavior of seven equi-atomic refractory multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) based on the MoNbTi ternary system composed of low neutron absorption cross section elements. Through an integrated approach utilizing in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) in conjunction with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dilatometry and ageing heat treatment, the thermal stability of the MPEAs was comprehensively analyzed. In-situ HT-XRD experiment confirmed the stability of the room temperature phases up to 1000 °C with no peaks observed corresponding to additional phases in the HT-XRD patterns at 500, 800 and 1100 °C. DSC thermograms showed the absence of peaks up to 1000 °C, while peaks and valleys corresponding to exothermic and endothermic events were observed above 1000 °C. Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) derived from second order polynomial fitting of linear thermal expansion data from the dilatometry experiment showed linear increment up to 1000 °C for all the alloys except those containing Zr. The Cr containing alloys exhibited notably higher CTE values, particularly the Al containing alloy exhibited the highest value. Ageing heat treatment at 800 and 1000 °C for 96 h and subsequent microstructural analysis revealed significant precipitation of secondary phases in MoNbTiZr, MoNbTiZrV and MoNbTiCrAl. A substantial increase in hardness was observed in MoNbTiZr and MoNbTiCrAl due to secondary phase precipitation, while the other alloys maintained hardness values comparable to their as-cast and homogenized states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and performance study of cBN/AlN/Al thermal conductive composites under high temperature and high pressure","authors":"Xuefeng Yang ,&nbsp;Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Shuo Yang ,&nbsp;Enhui Chen ,&nbsp;Zhengxin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To solve the problem that traditional heat dissipation materials cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of highly integrated electronic devices under high heat flux density, this paper uses the performance characteristics of cubic boron nitride with high thermal conductivity, high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and good chemical stability, and uses a cubic press to prepare cBN/AlN/Al thermally conductive composites under high temperature and high-pressure conditions. The effects of the added phase system and content, sintering temperature, and other factors on the preparation and properties of cBN/AlN/Al thermally conductive composites were studied. The results show that under the sintering conditions of 5.0 GPa and 1500 °C, the cBN/AlN/Al thermal conductivity composites with the best performance are obtained by adding AlN/Al binder with a mass fraction of 20 %, with relative density and thermal conductivity of 98.8 % and 259 W/(m·K, respectively), which can be used as an ideal material for the preparation of heat dissipation substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of tantalum (Ta): Mechanisms, properties, and applications","authors":"Arash Fattah-alhosseini ,&nbsp;Razieh Chaharmahali ,&nbsp;Burak Dikici ,&nbsp;Mosab Kaseem","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) significantly enhances the surface properties of tantalum (Ta), making it more suitable for applications that demand high corrosion resistance, wear protection, and biocompatibility. Ta is known for its excellent corrosion resistance due to the formation of a stable oxide layer. The PEO process enhances this property by producing a dense and stable oxide layer, primarily composed of tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅), which provides superior chemical stability in harsh environments. These oxide coatings significantly improve wear resistance by increasing surface hardness and minimizing porosity. The reduced defect density enhances crack resistance and stress distribution, while the smoother coating surface lowers friction during contact. Additionally, ceramic-like coating that protects against mechanical damage, thereby making it ideal for aerospace and industrial applications. In the biomedical field, PEO-coated Ta demonstrates enhanced biocompatibility and promotes bone integration due to its porous structure, which facilitates mechanical interlocking with surrounding tissues. The process can be tailored to incorporate bioactive materials, further improving implant performance. However, challenges remain, particularly in controlling the porosity of the coatings and optimizing PEO parameters to ensure consistent quality. The efficacy of the PEO process is highly dependent on factors such as electrolyte composition, voltage, and current density, all of which influence the morphology, thickness, and phase composition of the oxide layer. By fine-tuning these parameters, it is possible to achieve coatings with tailored properties that meet the specific requirements of various applications. In summary, PEO coatings significantly extend the applicability of Ta by improving its resistance to wear and corrosion while enhancing its biological properties for medical use, though further optimization is necessary to maximize these benefits. In this context, this review paper discusses the advancements and implications of PEO on Ta for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107059"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of alloying elements (Ti, Zr, Ta, W) on the thermodynamic and elastic properties of HfC at high temperature and high pressure","authors":"C.P. Liang,&nbsp;R.M. Wen,&nbsp;W.Y. Liang,&nbsp;L. Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of alloying elements Ti, Zr, Ta, and W on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of HfC were investigated at temperatures ranging from 0 to 3000 K and pressures from 0 to 100 GPa using first-principles calculations and quasi-harmonic approximate Debye model. The results show that Ti and W decrease the thermal expansion coefficient of HfC at elevated temperatures, while Ta and Zr increase this coefficient. In terms of melting point, Ti and Zr lower the melting temperature of HfC, whereas Ta and W raise it. All four alloying elements enhance the Debye temperature of HfC at elevated temperatures and higher pressures. Their impact on heat capacity is negligible at high temperatures, but results in a reduction at high pressures. In terms of elastic properties, Zr reduces the elastic modulus of HfC, while Ta and W significantly enhance it. Additionally, at high temperatures, Ti weakens the elastic anisotropy of HfC, while Zr and Ta enhance it; the effect of W is small. At high pressures, however, the influence of the alloying elements on the elastic anisotropy of HfC is relatively weak.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 107058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}